WO1997011468A2 - Circuit de refroidissement - Google Patents

Circuit de refroidissement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997011468A2
WO1997011468A2 PCT/DE1996/001739 DE9601739W WO9711468A2 WO 1997011468 A2 WO1997011468 A2 WO 1997011468A2 DE 9601739 W DE9601739 W DE 9601739W WO 9711468 A2 WO9711468 A2 WO 9711468A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat source
cooling circuit
heat sink
shut
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001739
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1997011468A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Leidemann
Pius Mackert
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1997011468A2 publication Critical patent/WO1997011468A2/fr
Publication of WO1997011468A3 publication Critical patent/WO1997011468A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling circuit of a power plant.
  • the ambient air or natural waters are used as the heat sink.
  • this is referred to as natural circulation.
  • the cooling circuits described in the following explanations can also be part of a cooling chain, the heat-absorbing side being referred to as the heat source and the heat-emitting side being referred to as the heat sink.
  • the heat source and heat sink will usually be arranged at different geodetic levels.
  • the heat source is basically at the lower level (positive difference between the levels). In the following, for reasons of simplification, only the level is spoken of at the geodetic level.
  • This technology is based on the density of the cooling medium as a function of temperature. Warmer coolant rises while colder cooler falls. In a closed cooling circuit with heat supply in a lower area and heat removal in an upper area, this leads to a permanent circulation. In the practical application of the natural circulation principle, however, the selection of the heat sinks is considerably restricted by these physical conditions.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for heat exchangers of a power plant with natural circulation, in which the functionality is given even without a positive difference between the level of the heat sink and heat source.
  • the pipelines are preferably laid vertically on the heat source side. As a result, the driving forces are used particularly well by the rising medium.
  • the pipelines are advantageously designed with heat loss on the heat sink side. In this simple and inexpensive way, natural circulation is particularly stable. bil. A slight cooling of the medium takes place in the pipeline, so that the fall of the medium is favored.
  • a compensating tank is advantageously arranged in the area of the highest level of the pipelines. This can expediently simultaneously serve to vent the circuit. For this purpose, this can be designed as an open or closed circuit.
  • a natural body of water e.g. B. a sea, a lake or a river or possibly a pond, which can also be created artificially.
  • the level of the heat sink can be approximately the same as that for the heat source.
  • the heat sink-side heat exchanger can also be designed as a liquid / air heat exchanger. In this way, the ambient air can also serve as a heat sink.
  • a first shut-off valve can advantageously be arranged in the feed line of the heat source, preferably in the immediate vicinity of the heat source. In this way it is guaranteed that when the natural circulation starts, the flow direction takes place in the specified or desired direction.
  • a second shut-off valve can be arranged in the drain line, which is arranged at a higher level than the first shut-off valve. In this way, a good starting behavior of the arrangement is guaranteed.
  • the invention is also based on the further object of specifying a method for operating the above-mentioned arrangement.
  • 1 shows a first arrangement for heat exchangers and 2 shows a second arrangement for heat exchangers.
  • the figure shows a first cooling circuit la of a power plant, not shown.
  • the power plant can be, for example, a fossil fuel power plant or a nuclear power plant.
  • a heat exchanger which serves as heat source 3, is arranged in the power plant.
  • the heat source 3 is connected to the heat exchanger of a heat sink 9 via pipes, in particular via an inlet line 5 and an outlet line 7.
  • the heat source 3 and the heat sink 7 are arranged approximately at the same level Hl.
  • Level means the height level or better the geodetic level.
  • the two pipes 5 and 7 are led from the heat source 5 to the heat sink 9 via a higher level H2.
  • the heated cooling medium in the pipelines 5, 7 is the driving force for natural circulation. It is important to maintain the driving force.
  • the drain line 7 is preferably heat-free and / or almost vertical to the high level H2.
  • the drain line 7 can be provided with good insulation, for example.
  • the drain line 7 is designed to be lossy. In this way, cooling takes place on the discharge line 7, as it were, by the ambient medium, which favors the falling of the cooling medium and thereby the natural circulation. Of course, this applies on the condition that the surroundings of the pipelines 5,7 have a lower temperature than the cooling medium in the pipelines 5,7.
  • a compensating vessel 11 can be arranged, which can also include means 10 for venting the cooling circuit 1 a.
  • the circuit should be largely free of air so that rising air bubbles against the coolant flow direction do not hinder the coolant flow.
  • volume compensation should be provided for the expansion of the coolant, depending on the temperature.
  • the pipes 5, 7 can both, preferably at least the inlet pipe 5, be provided with shut-off fittings 13a and 13b. These are advantageously arranged in the area of the heat source 3.
  • the shut-off valve 13a of the feed line 5 is preferably arranged in the immediate vicinity of the heat source 3.
  • the second fitting in the drain line 7 is advantageously arranged at a higher level than the first shut-off fitting 13a. This guarantees a reliable start of the natural circulation.
  • the usual situation here is that the heat sink 9 is arranged at a higher level than the heat source 3.
  • the drain line 7 is initially routed strictly vertically to a higher level than the heat sink 9, the drain line 7 being made insulated up to this point. From there, the drain line 7 leads to the heat sink 9 in the shortest possible way. It is not heat-insulated, but even has heat loss, since a cooling effect can already be used here for natural circulation.
  • the feed line 5 is preferably guided in a direct, shortest path between the heat source 3 and the heat sink 9, so that particularly little material has to be used.
  • the pipe resistance is also kept low, which favors natural circulation.
  • This pipe routing is also particularly suitable for a case in which an obstacle stands in the way of a planned course between the heat source and sink 3.9.
  • the feed line 5a (drawn in dashed lines) can, however, also initially be guided vertically and in an insulated manner on the side of the heat sink 9. This applies in the event that the environment has a higher temperature than the cooling medium. As a result, the cooled medium is first brought down to the lowest level without renewed heating. From the point of the lowest level of the inlet line 5, the cooling medium can now rise to the heat source 3, possibly by heating via the inlet line 5. This pipeline routing can also advantageously be used to circumvent another obstacle 13b.
  • the drive for natural circulation is essentially determined for both versions by the special cable routing in the area of the heat source 3. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the inlet and outlet lines 5 and 7 should be led upward from the heat source 3 in the shortest possible way. In general, inevitably occurring heat losses in the further course of the pipes 5, 7 towards the heat sink 9 are used in a targeted manner, since they have a positive effect in the direction of rotation.
  • the drive of the natural circulation is advantageously influenced by the design of the piping.
  • the arrangements shown can be designed as an open or closed system, depending on the temperature level - if required and in the standby state.
  • the expansion tank 11 preferably fulfills a double function. On the one hand, it compensates for volume fluctuations in the cooling medium (preferably water). On the other hand, it can serve as a collection point for expelled gases. This ensures good natural circulation, since gas bubbles have a disadvantageous effect in the circuit.
  • shut-off valves 13a, 13b are preferably operated remotely and for this purpose can be provided with control devices and drive means according to the prior art.
  • control devices and drive means can be provided with control devices and drive means according to the prior art.
  • features of the embodiments shown can be freely combined with one another in the course of professional action without leaving the basic idea.
  • the preferred application is for a wide variety of power plant types, which in this way experience reliable cooling with natural circulation, at least for partial areas.
  • the application of the present idea is not limited to power plants per se. In principle, it is also used in other can be used with the task of heat transport.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)

Abstract

Afin de parvenir à ce que le circuit de refroidissement (1a, 1b) d'une centrale fonctionne en circulation naturelle, lorsque ses échangeurs de chaleurs sont disposés approximativement à la même hauteur (H1), il est prévu de faire passer les canalisations (5, 7a) entre la source de chaleur (3) et le puits de chaleur (9), à un niveau plus élevé (H2, H3) que celui où se trouvent la source de chaleur (3) et le puits de chaleur (9).
PCT/DE1996/001739 1995-09-20 1996-09-16 Circuit de refroidissement WO1997011468A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19534951A DE19534951C2 (de) 1995-09-20 1995-09-20 Kühlkreislauf
DE19534951.2 1995-09-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997011468A2 true WO1997011468A2 (fr) 1997-03-27
WO1997011468A3 WO1997011468A3 (fr) 1997-04-17

Family

ID=7772695

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1996/001739 WO1997011468A2 (fr) 1995-09-20 1996-09-16 Circuit de refroidissement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19534951C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997011468A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113936820A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-14 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 熔盐堆堆芯及熔盐堆系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2927437A1 (fr) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conduite d'eau de refroidissement dotée de puits vertical et de puits de chute
EP2933556A1 (fr) * 2014-04-14 2015-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Préchauffage de condensat

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1115846B (de) * 1959-06-24 1961-10-26 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Notkuehleinrichtung fuer Kernreaktoranlagen
EP0037994A1 (fr) * 1980-04-15 1981-10-21 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'élimination de la chaleur résiduelle des substances radioactives
US5202083A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-04-13 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited Passive shutdown cooling system for nuclear reactors

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4126629A1 (de) * 1991-08-12 1993-03-11 Siemens Ag Sekundaerseitiges nachwaermeabfuhrsystem fuer druckwasser-kernreaktoren
DE4307543A1 (de) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-15 Siemens Ag Wärmeabfuhrsystem für einen Kernreaktor, insbesondere für einen Druckwasserreaktor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1115846B (de) * 1959-06-24 1961-10-26 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel Notkuehleinrichtung fuer Kernreaktoranlagen
EP0037994A1 (fr) * 1980-04-15 1981-10-21 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'élimination de la chaleur résiduelle des substances radioactives
US5202083A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-04-13 Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited Passive shutdown cooling system for nuclear reactors

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113936820A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2022-01-14 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 熔盐堆堆芯及熔盐堆系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19534951C2 (de) 1998-02-26
DE19534951A1 (de) 1997-03-27
WO1997011468A3 (fr) 1997-04-17

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