WO1997009163A1 - Extrusion die with adjustable corrugated diaphragm - Google Patents

Extrusion die with adjustable corrugated diaphragm Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997009163A1
WO1997009163A1 PCT/DE1996/001499 DE9601499W WO9709163A1 WO 1997009163 A1 WO1997009163 A1 WO 1997009163A1 DE 9601499 W DE9601499 W DE 9601499W WO 9709163 A1 WO9709163 A1 WO 9709163A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extrusion
membrane
channel
shaft
extrusion die
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001499
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Meier-Kaiser
Hans Lorenz
Roland Schuchmann
Original Assignee
Röhm Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Röhm Gmbh filed Critical Röhm Gmbh
Priority to AU69230/96A priority Critical patent/AU6923096A/en
Publication of WO1997009163A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997009163A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B29C48/313—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections by positioning the die lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B29C48/2556—Flow control means, e.g. valves provided in or in the proximity of dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0072—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip
    • B29K2995/0073—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip smooth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single-channel or multi-channel extrusion nozzle for the extrusion of thermoplastic, in which at least one channel is equipped with a shaft membrane, which can be adjusted with the aid of adjusting means, with flat sealing surfaces, by means of which the cross-section of the melt flow in this channel can be regulated.
  • part of the flow channel wall is also referred to as a dust bar (see, for example, US Pat. No. 4,372,739).
  • the dust bar is adjusted using suitable adjusting screws. If a different adjustment transverse to the flow direction is desired, this can be achieved by a thin design of the insert and tensioning by means of tension and compression screws.
  • REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) one-sided curvature is subjected to substantial bending stress. As a result, relatively large adjustment paths in the linear elastic range can be achieved.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an extrusion die that has an efficient adjustment for the flow channel and at the same time avoids sealing problems.
  • the object is achieved by a single-channel or multi-channel extrusion nozzle with an adjustable cross section for at least one melt channel (15), characterized in that the melt channel (15), which is adjustable in cross section, has an elastically deformable shaft membrane element (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2), one Shaft membrane (3) and a more powerful area (4), on which actuating means (5) act.
  • the shaft membrane element (1) according to the invention is provided with flat sealing surfaces (2), so that multiple fits of the nozzle parts are eliminated. In this way, sealing problems are effectively prevented.
  • 1a, b and c Examples of possible shapes of the wave membrane (3) as part of the wave membrane element (1) in a spatial representation; View obliquely from above 1a: oval all around; 1b: U-shaped all around; 1c: elongated like a mountain
  • Fig. 2 longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with a U-shaped circumferential wave membrane
  • Fig. 5 longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with sheet metal strips under the actuator
  • Fig. 6 longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with adjusting element in tie rod design
  • FIG. 7 cross section based on the line BB from FIG. 6
  • Wave membrane element d2 Thickness of the wave membrane (3)
  • d3 Distance of the slots in the tie rod
  • d4 Width of the slots in the tie rod
  • the extrusion nozzle according to the invention can be designed in one or more channels.
  • An essential part of an extrusion nozzle according to the invention is a flexible flow channel wall, which is designed in the form of a wave membrane element (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2).
  • at least one of the melt channels (15) is provided with a wave membrane element (1).
  • the wave membrane element (1) consists of a continuous piece of steel and has the actual tensile or compression elastic wave membrane (3) with a thickness 02 and a more pronounced area (4) with a thickness d-j.
  • the shaft membrane (3) can be bent perpendicular to the flow direction by the transmission of the compressive or tensile forces from the actuating elements (5) to the region (4) with a stronger design. This ensures that there are no impermissibly high strains in the direction of flow.
  • the thickness d2 of the wave membrane (3) is in the range of approx. 0.5 - 1.5 mm.
  • of the more pronounced area (4) can be approximately 2 to 5 mm.
  • the wave membrane (3) of the wave membrane element (1) can be designed in various ways. It can e.g. oval (Fig. 1a), U-shaped (Fig. 1b) or also mountain-like elongated (Fig. 1 c).
  • the shaft membrane element (1) is connected at the sealing surfaces (2) to the lower half of the nozzle body (6) in a flat manner.
  • the shape of the flow channel bottom of the lower half of the nozzle body can be adapted to the shape of the wave membrane (3) (FIG. 4).
  • the actuating means (5) it can be, for. B. are a series of adjusting screws, which are arranged transversely to the direction of flow (F) over the more strongly executed area (4) of the shaft membrane element (1). If necessary, the set screws can be adjusted by means of electric motors, which can be controlled via control loops.
  • z. B. expansion bolts or piezotranslators can be used as adjusting elements (5).
  • can advantageously be achieved by arranging a sheet metal strip (7) over the more pronounced area (4) of the wave membrane element (FIG. 5).
  • This offers the advantage that the stiffness of the more pronounced area (4) of the shaft membrane element can be easily varied by selecting or replacing the sheet metal strip (7).
  • This increases the rigidity only transversely to the direction of flow (F) and not longitudinally to it, which means that the flexibility of the wave membrane (3) remains practically unaffected.
  • the thickness of the metal strip (7) can, for. B. from 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the adjustment range of the shaft membrane can be doubled if the shaft membrane element (1) or the shaft membrane (3) cannot be deformed by compressive forces but also by tensile forces. This can advantageously be achieved by using a tie rod system.
  • a corresponding arrangement is shown by way of example in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the tie rod (13) is part of the shaft membrane element (1) and divided by tie rod slots (14) at intervals dß of approx. 1 to 3 mm with a width d4 of approx. 0.1 to 0.5 mm in order to increase the Avoid lateral rigidity (see Figure 7).
  • Slat plates (12) are slid onto the tie rod (13), the thickness d3 of which advantageously corresponds to the spacing of the tie rod slots.
  • the lamella sheets (12) have cutouts for receiving the tie rod (13) and one Form block (10).
  • a form block (10) sits in several, z. B. 3 to 20 lamella sheets (12).
  • the form block (10) is connected via a connecting bolt (8) to an upper pull plate (9) and a lower pressure plate (11).
  • the tension plate (9) and the pressure plate (11) serve to better distribute the forces across the width which are present between the block (10) and the lamella plates (12).
  • the connecting bolt (8) has an internal thread in its upper part, into which an adjusting screw is screwed in as an adjusting means (5).
  • the extrusion nozzle according to the invention is suitable for the extrusion of thermoplastics such as. B. polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate or polyethylene.
  • thermoplastics such as. B. polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate or polyethylene.
  • multi-layer foils or multi-layer plastic plates with particularly uniform layer thicknesses can be produced in the embodiment as a multi-channel nozzle. Due to the flat sealing surfaces, the risk of leaks is very low even after repeated cleaning. This ensures high operational reliability and contributes to trouble-free extrusion operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a single or multi-channel extrusion die with an adjustable cross-section for at least one melt channel (15) in which the adjustable cross-section melt channel (15) is fitted with an elastically deformable corrugated diaphragm component (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2), a corrugated diaphragm (3) and a stronger region (4) on which adjusting means (5) act.

Description

E xtru sions dϋ se mit verst ellbarer Wel le nmembra nE xtru sions nozzle with adjustable shaft nmembra n
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the Invention
Die Erfindung betrifft eine ein- oder mehrkanalige Extrusionsdüse zur Extrusion von thermoplastischem Kunststoff, bei der zumindest ein Kanal mit einer, mit Hilfe von Stellmitteln justierbaren, Wellenmembran mit ebenen Dichtflächen ausgestattet ist, mit deren Hilfe der Querschnitt des Schmelzestroms in diesem Kanal reguliert werden kann.The invention relates to a single-channel or multi-channel extrusion nozzle for the extrusion of thermoplastic, in which at least one channel is equipped with a shaft membrane, which can be adjusted with the aid of adjusting means, with flat sealing surfaces, by means of which the cross-section of the melt flow in this channel can be regulated.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Bei der Extrusion von Polymerschmelzen ergibt sich immer wieder die Anforderung zusätzlich zur Regulierung des Austrittsquerschnitts auch den Querschnitt eines der Fließkanäle lokal zu vergrößern oder zu verkleinern, um über den Druckverlust die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu beeinflussen.When polymer melts are extruded, there is always the requirement, in addition to regulating the outlet cross section, to locally increase or decrease the cross section of one of the flow channels in order to influence the flow velocity via the pressure loss.
Üblicherweise wird diese Anforderung dadurch erfüllt, daß ein Teil der Fließkanalwand als verschiebbarer Einsatz , der auch als Staubalken bezeichnet wird, ausgeführt wird (siehe z. B. US 4 372 739). Die Verstellung des Staubalkens erfolgt durch geeignete Verstellschrauben. Ist eine unterschiedliche Verstellung quer zur Fließrichtung gewünscht, so kann dies durch eine dünne Ausführung des Einsatzes und eine Verspannung durch Zug- und Druckschrauben erreicht werden.This requirement is usually met by designing part of the flow channel wall as a sliding insert, which is also referred to as a dust bar (see, for example, US Pat. No. 4,372,739). The dust bar is adjusted using suitable adjusting screws. If a different adjustment transverse to the flow direction is desired, this can be achieved by a thin design of the insert and tensioning by means of tension and compression screws.
In DE 39 29 002 wird anstelle eines verschiebaren Einsatzes ein Teil der Fließkanalwand sehr dünn und damit flexibel ausgeführt. Damit besteht die Möglichkeit, die Fließkanalwand durch Druckschrauben lokal zu deformieren. Der Nachteil besteht hier jedoch darin, daß nur sehr kleine Deformationen innerhalb des elastischen Bereiches zulässig sind.In DE 39 29 002, instead of a slidable insert, part of the flow channel wall is made very thin and therefore flexible. This makes it possible to locally deform the flow channel wall using pressure screws. The disadvantage here, however, is that only very small deformations are permitted within the elastic range.
Groß et al. (Kunststoffe 84 (1994) 10, S. 1352 - 1358) schlagen die lokale Regulierung des Schmelzestroms mit Hilfe einer einseitig gekrümmten Verstellmembran vor. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß die Membran durch ihreGross et al. (Kunststoffe 84 (1994) 10, pp. 1352 - 1358) propose the local regulation of the melt flow with the aid of an adjusting membrane that is curved on one side. It is essential that the membrane through its
-.RSATZBLATT (REGEL 26) einseitige Krümmung in wesentlichen biegebelastet wird. Dadurch können relativ große Verstellwege im linear elastischen Bereich verwirklicht werden.-. REPLACEMENT SHEET (RULE 26) one-sided curvature is subjected to substantial bending stress. As a result, relatively large adjustment paths in the linear elastic range can be achieved.
Aufgrund des gekrümmten Membranverlaufs ergibt sich bei dieser Lösung eine gekrümmte Dichtfläche zwischen dem oberen Düsenteil mit der deformierbaren Membran und dem darunterliegenden Düsenteil. Solche nicht ebenen Dichtflächen sind verfahrenstechnisch schwer zu beherrschen, da sie eine Mehrfachpassung darstellen. Die Mehrfachpassung verlangt eine eine äußerst paßgenaue Fertigung bei der Herstellung der beiden Düsenteile. Desweiteren besteht die Gefahr, daß die Paßgenauigkeit nachträglich durch den Materialabtrag bei Überschleifen der Dichtflächen zum Zwecke der Reinigung beeinträchtigt wird, so daß auch bei ursprünglich guter Paßgenauigkeit nach kurzem Gebrauch Undichtigkeiten auftreten können. Due to the curved course of the membrane, this solution results in a curved sealing surface between the upper nozzle part with the deformable membrane and the nozzle part below. Such non-planar sealing surfaces are difficult to master from a process engineering point of view since they represent a multiple fit. The multiple fit requires extremely precise manufacturing in the manufacture of the two nozzle parts. Furthermore, there is a risk that the accuracy of fit will subsequently be adversely affected by the removal of material when grinding the sealing surfaces for the purpose of cleaning, so that even if the fit was originally good, leaks may occur after a short use.
Aufgabe und LösungTask and solution
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Extrusiondüse bereitzustellen, die eine effiziente Verstellmöglichkeit für den Fließkanal aufweist und zugleich Abdichtungsprobleme vermeidet. Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine ein- oder mehrkanalige Extrusionsdüse mit regulierbarem Querschnitt für zumindest einen Schmelzekanal (15), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der im Querschnitt regulierbare Schmelzekanal (15) mit einem elastisch deformierbaren Wellenmembranelement (1) mit ebenen Dichtflächen (2), einer Wellenmembran (3) und einem stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4), auf den Stellmittel (5) einwirken, ausgestattet ist. Durch die Verwendung einer Wellenmembran ist eine reversible Veränderung des Fließkanalquerschnitts innerhalb eines weiten Bereichs möglich.The invention has for its object to provide an extrusion die that has an efficient adjustment for the flow channel and at the same time avoids sealing problems. The object is achieved by a single-channel or multi-channel extrusion nozzle with an adjustable cross section for at least one melt channel (15), characterized in that the melt channel (15), which is adjustable in cross section, has an elastically deformable shaft membrane element (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2), one Shaft membrane (3) and a more powerful area (4), on which actuating means (5) act. By using a wave membrane, a reversible change in the flow channel cross section is possible within a wide range.
Vor allem ist das Wellenmembranelement (1) erfindungsgemäß mit ebenen Dichtflächen (2) versehen, so daß Mehrfachpassungen der Düsenteile entfallen. Auf diese Weise wird Dichtproblemen wirkungsvoll vorgebeugt. Above all, the shaft membrane element (1) according to the invention is provided with flat sealing surfaces (2), so that multiple fits of the nozzle parts are eliminated. In this way, sealing problems are effectively prevented.
Die Erfindung wird durch die nachstehenden Figuren erläutert, ist aber nicht auf die dargestellten Ausfühmngsformen beschränkt.The invention is illustrated by the following figures, but is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.
Fig. 1a, b und c: Beispiele für mögliche Formgebungen der Wellenmembran (3) als Bestandteil des Wellenmembranelements (1) in räumlicher Darstellung; Ansicht schräg von oben 1a: Oval umlaufend; 1b: U-förmig umlaufend; 1c: bergartig länglich1a, b and c: Examples of possible shapes of the wave membrane (3) as part of the wave membrane element (1) in a spatial representation; View obliquely from above 1a: oval all around; 1b: U-shaped all around; 1c: elongated like a mountain
Fig. 2 : Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse mit U-förmig umlaufender WellenmembranFig. 2: longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with a U-shaped circumferential wave membrane
Fig. 3 : Querschnitt bezogen auf die Linie A - A von Figur 23: cross-section based on the line A - A of Figure 2
Fig. 4 : Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse mit angepaßtem Fließkanalboden; Ausführung mit zwei Wellenmembranen4: longitudinal section through an extrusion die according to the invention with an adapted flow channel bottom; Version with two wave membranes
Fig. 5 : Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse mit Blechstreifen unter dem StellelementFig. 5: longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with sheet metal strips under the actuator
Fig. 6 : Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse mit Stellelement in ZugankerausführungFig. 6: longitudinal section through an extrusion nozzle according to the invention with adjusting element in tie rod design
Fig. 7 : Querschnitt bezogen auf die Linie B - B aus Figur 6 FIG. 7: cross section based on the line BB from FIG. 6
Bezugszeicheniiste:Reference symbol list:
1 : Wellenmembranelement1: wave membrane element
2 : Ebene Dichtflächen des Wellenmembranelements2: Flat sealing surfaces of the shaft membrane element
3 : Wellenmembran3: wave membrane
4 : Stärker ausgeführter Bereich des Wellenmembranelements4: Stronger area of the wave membrane element
5 : Stellmittel5: adjusting means
6 : Untere Hälfte des Düsenkörpers 7 : Blechstreifen6: Lower half of the nozzle body 7: Sheet metal strips
8 : Verbindungsbolzen 9: Zugblech 10 : Formklotz8: connecting bolt 9: tension plate 10: form block
11 : Druckblech11: pressure plate
12 : Lamellenbleche12: slat plates
13 : Zuganker13: tie rod
14 : Zugankerschlitz 15: Schmelzekanal14: tie rod slot 15: melt channel
d-j : Dicke des stärker ausgeführter Bereich (4) desd-j: thickness of the heavier area (4) of the
Wellenmembranelements d2 : Dicke der Wellenmembran (3) d3 : Abstand der Schlitze im Zuganker d4 : Breite der Schlitze im ZugankerWave membrane element d2: Thickness of the wave membrane (3) d3: Distance of the slots in the tie rod d4: Width of the slots in the tie rod
F : Angabe der Fließrichtung mit Pfeil Ausführung der ErfindungF: Direction of flow indicated by arrow Implementation of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse kann sowohl ein- als auch mehrkanalig ausgeführt sein. Wesentlicher Bestandteil einer erfindungsgemäßen Extrusionsdüse ist eine flexible Fließkanalwand , die in Form eines Wellenmembranelements (1) mit ebenen Dichtflächen (2) ausgeführt ist. Bei einer mehrkanaligen Extrusionsdüse ist zumindest einer der Schmelzekanäle (15) mit einem Wellenmembranelement (1) versehen. Das Wellenmembranelement (1) besteht aus einem durchgehenden Stück Stahl und weist die eigentliche zug- bzw. druckelastische Wellenmembran (3) mit einer Dicke 02 sowie einen stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4) mit einer Dicke d-j auf. Die Wellenmembran (3) ist durch die Übertragung der Druck- bzw. Zugkräfte von Stellelementen (5) auf den stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4) senkrecht zur Fließrichtung verbiegbar. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß keine unzulässig hohen Dehnungen in Fließrichtung auftreten.The extrusion nozzle according to the invention can be designed in one or more channels. An essential part of an extrusion nozzle according to the invention is a flexible flow channel wall, which is designed in the form of a wave membrane element (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2). In the case of a multi-channel extrusion nozzle, at least one of the melt channels (15) is provided with a wave membrane element (1). The wave membrane element (1) consists of a continuous piece of steel and has the actual tensile or compression elastic wave membrane (3) with a thickness 02 and a more pronounced area (4) with a thickness d-j. The shaft membrane (3) can be bent perpendicular to the flow direction by the transmission of the compressive or tensile forces from the actuating elements (5) to the region (4) with a stronger design. This ensures that there are no impermissibly high strains in the direction of flow.
Die Dicke d2 der Wellenmembran (3) liegt im Bereich von ca. 0,5 - 1,5 mm. Die Dicke d-| des stärker ausgeführten Bereichs (4) kann ca. 2 bis 5 mm betragen.The thickness d2 of the wave membrane (3) is in the range of approx. 0.5 - 1.5 mm. The thickness d- | of the more pronounced area (4) can be approximately 2 to 5 mm.
Die Wellenmembran (3) des Wellenmembranelements (1) kann auf verschiedene Weise gestaltet sein. Sie kann z.B. oval umlaufend (Fig. 1a), U-förmig umlaufend (Fig. 1b) oder auch bergartig länglich (Fig 1 c) gestaltet sein.The wave membrane (3) of the wave membrane element (1) can be designed in various ways. It can e.g. oval (Fig. 1a), U-shaped (Fig. 1b) or also mountain-like elongated (Fig. 1 c).
Das Wellenmembranelement (1) ist an den Dichtflächen (2) mit der unteren Hälfte des Düsenkörpers (6) ebenflächig verbunden. Gegebenfalls kann die Form des Fließkanalbodens der unteren Hälfte des Düsenkörpers der Form der Wellenmembran (3) angepaßt werden (Figur 4). Bei den Stellmitteln (5) kann es sich z. B. um eine Reihe von Stellschrauben handeln, die quer zur Fließrichtung (F) über dem stärker ausgeführter Bereich (4) des Wellenmembranelements (1) angeordnet sind. Die Stellschrauben können gegebenfalls mittels Elektromotoren verstellt werden, die über Regelkreise angesteuert werden können. Ebenso können z. B. auch Dehnbolzen oder Piezotranslatoren als Stellelemente (5) verwendet werden.The shaft membrane element (1) is connected at the sealing surfaces (2) to the lower half of the nozzle body (6) in a flat manner. If necessary, the shape of the flow channel bottom of the lower half of the nozzle body can be adapted to the shape of the wave membrane (3) (FIG. 4). In the actuating means (5) it can be, for. B. are a series of adjusting screws, which are arranged transversely to the direction of flow (F) over the more strongly executed area (4) of the shaft membrane element (1). If necessary, the set screws can be adjusted by means of electric motors, which can be controlled via control loops. Likewise, z. B. expansion bolts or piezotranslators can be used as adjusting elements (5).
Eine größere Dicke d-| kann vorteilhaft errreicht werden, indem ein Blechstreifen (7) über dem stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4) des Wellenmembranelements angeordnet wird (Figur 5). Dies bietet den Vorteil, daß durch die Auswahl bzw. den Austausch des Blechstreifens (7) die Steifigkeit des stärker ausgeführter Bereiches (4) des Wellenmembranelements leicht variiert werden kann. Zum anderen wird dadurch die Steifigkeit nur quer zur Fließrichtung (F) und nicht längs zu dieser erhöht, was bedeutet daß die Flexibilität der Wellenmembran (3) praktisch unbeeinflußt bleibt. Die Dicke des Blechstreifens (7) kann z. B. von 0,5 bis 5 mm betragen.A greater thickness d- | can advantageously be achieved by arranging a sheet metal strip (7) over the more pronounced area (4) of the wave membrane element (FIG. 5). This offers the advantage that the stiffness of the more pronounced area (4) of the shaft membrane element can be easily varied by selecting or replacing the sheet metal strip (7). On the other hand, this increases the rigidity only transversely to the direction of flow (F) and not longitudinally to it, which means that the flexibility of the wave membrane (3) remains practically unaffected. The thickness of the metal strip (7) can, for. B. from 0.5 to 5 mm.
Eine Verdopplung des Stellbereichs der Wellenmembran kann erzielt werden, wenn das Wellenmembranelement (1) bzw. die Wellenmembran (3) nicht durch Druck- sondern auch durch Zugkräfte deformiert werden kann. Dies kann vorteilhaft durch die Verwendung eines Zugankersystems erreicht werden. Eine entsprechende Anordnung ist beispielhaft in den Figuren 6 und 7 dargestellt.The adjustment range of the shaft membrane can be doubled if the shaft membrane element (1) or the shaft membrane (3) cannot be deformed by compressive forces but also by tensile forces. This can advantageously be achieved by using a tie rod system. A corresponding arrangement is shown by way of example in FIGS. 6 and 7.
Der Zuganker (13) ist Bestandteil des Wellenmembranelements (1) und durch Zugankerschlitze (14) in den Abständen dß von ca. 1 bis 3 mm mit einer Breite d4 von ca. 0,1 bis 0,5 mm unterteilt, um eine Erhöhung der Quersteifigkeit zu vermeiden (Siehe Figur 7). Auf den Zuganker (13) sind Lamellenbleche (12) aufgeschoben, deren Dicke d3 vorteilhaft den Abständen der Zugankerschlitze entspricht. Die Lamellenbleche (12) haben Aussparungen zur Aufnahme des Zugankers (13) und eines Formklotzes (10). Ein Formklotz (10) sitzt jeweils in mehreren, z. B. 3 bis 20 Lamellenblechen (12). Der Formklotz (10) ist über einen Verbindungsbolzen (8) mit einem oben liegenden Zugblech (9) und unten liegenden Druckblech (11) verbunden. Das Zugblech (9) und das Druckblech (11) dienen zur besseren Verteilung der Kräfte über die Breite, die zwischen Formklotz (10) und den Lamellenblechen (12) anliegen. Der Verbindungsbolzen (8) hat in seinem oberen Teil ein Innengewinde, in das eine Stellschraube als Stellmittel (5) eingeschraubt ist.The tie rod (13) is part of the shaft membrane element (1) and divided by tie rod slots (14) at intervals dß of approx. 1 to 3 mm with a width d4 of approx. 0.1 to 0.5 mm in order to increase the Avoid lateral rigidity (see Figure 7). Slat plates (12) are slid onto the tie rod (13), the thickness d3 of which advantageously corresponds to the spacing of the tie rod slots. The lamella sheets (12) have cutouts for receiving the tie rod (13) and one Form block (10). A form block (10) sits in several, z. B. 3 to 20 lamella sheets (12). The form block (10) is connected via a connecting bolt (8) to an upper pull plate (9) and a lower pressure plate (11). The tension plate (9) and the pressure plate (11) serve to better distribute the forces across the width which are present between the block (10) and the lamella plates (12). The connecting bolt (8) has an internal thread in its upper part, into which an adjusting screw is screwed in as an adjusting means (5).
Die erfindungsgemäße Extrusionsdüse eignet sich zur Extrusion thermoplastischer Kunststoffe wie z. B. Polyvinylchlorid, Polycarbonat, Polymethylmethacrylat oder Polyethylen. Insbesondere können bei der Ausführung als Mehrkanaldüse Mehrschichtfolien oder mehrschichtige Kunststoffplatten mit besonders gleichmäßigen Schichtdicken erzeugt werden. Durch die ebenen Dichtflächen ist das Risko von Undichtigkeiten auch nach vielfachen Reinigungen sehr gering. Dies bewirkt eine hohe Betriebssicherheit und trägt zu einem störungsfreien Extrusionsbetrieb bei. The extrusion nozzle according to the invention is suitable for the extrusion of thermoplastics such as. B. polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate or polyethylene. In particular, multi-layer foils or multi-layer plastic plates with particularly uniform layer thicknesses can be produced in the embodiment as a multi-channel nozzle. Due to the flat sealing surfaces, the risk of leaks is very low even after repeated cleaning. This ensures high operational reliability and contributes to trouble-free extrusion operation.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Ein oder mehrkanalige Extrusionsdüse mit regulierbarem Querschnitt für zumindest einen Schmelzekanal (15), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der im Querschnitt regulierbare Schmelzekanal (15) mit einem elastisch deformierbaren Wellenmembranelement (1) mit ebenen Dichtflächen (2), einer Wellenmembran (3) und einem stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4), auf den Stellmittel (5) einwirken, ausgestattet ist.1. A or multi-channel extrusion nozzle with adjustable cross section for at least one melt channel (15), characterized in that the adjustable melt channel (15) with an elastically deformable shaft membrane element (1) with flat sealing surfaces (2), a shaft membrane (3) and a more pronounced area (4) on which actuating means (5) act.
2. Extrusionsdüse nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wellenmembran (3) oval umlaufend oder U-förmig umlaufend oder bergartig länglich ausgeführt ist.2. Extrusion nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the wave membrane (3) is oval or U-shaped circumferential or mountain-like elongated.
3. Extrusionsdüse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem stärker ausgeführten Bereich (4) des Wellenmembranelements und den Stellmitteln (5) ein Blechstreifen (7) vorhanden ist.3. Extrusion nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sheet metal strip (7) is present between the more pronounced area (4) of the shaft membrane element and the adjusting means (5).
4. Extrusionsdüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Stellmittel (5) Stellschrauben, Dehnbolzen oder Piezotranslatoren verwendet werden.4. Extrusion nozzle according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that set screws, expansion bolts or piezo-translators are used as the adjusting means (5).
5. Extrusionsdüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wellenmembran (3) mit einem Zugankersystem versehen ist.5. extrusion die according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the shaft membrane (3) is provided with a tie rod system.
6. Verfahren zur Extrusion von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Extrusionsdüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 verwendet wird. 6. Process for the extrusion of thermoplastics, characterized in that an extrusion die according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 is used.
PCT/DE1996/001499 1995-09-01 1996-08-09 Extrusion die with adjustable corrugated diaphragm WO1997009163A1 (en)

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AU69230/96A AU6923096A (en) 1995-09-01 1996-08-09 Extrusion die with adjustable corrugated diaphragm

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DE29514043.7 1995-09-01
DE29514043U DE29514043U1 (en) 1995-09-01 1995-09-01 Extrusion nozzle with adjustable shaft membrane

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WO (1) WO1997009163A1 (en)

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CN117416026B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-11 亿策科技有限公司 Honeycomb foam wave-absorbing material, preparation method and processing equipment

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CN117416026B (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-11 亿策科技有限公司 Honeycomb foam wave-absorbing material, preparation method and processing equipment

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DE29514043U1 (en) 1995-11-30

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