WO1997004214A1

WO1997004214A1 - Disc cutter structure

Info

Publication number: WO1997004214A1
Application number: PCT/JP1996/002062
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tetsuyuki Kasuya; Toshihiro Yamazaki
Original assignee: Komatsu Ltd.
Priority date: 1995-07-24
Filing date: 1996-07-23
Publication date: 1997-02-06
Also published as: EP0841466A1; EP0841466A4; TW323318B; JPH0932482A; KR970006763A

Abstract

A disc cutter structure which is provided with a rotary shaft (C), a support shaft (4) extending so as to cross the rotary shaft (C), and a cutting member passed axially through the support shaft (4), the cutting member having a plurality of rotary blades (1, 2) rotatable around the support shaft (4). According to this disc cutter structure, the independent rotation of the rotary blades (1, 2) enables the life of the cutting member to be prolonged.

Description

Description Disc cutter structure technology

The present invention relates to a disk cutter structure, for example, does not limit the presence or absence of a shield mechanism

It relates to the disk cutter structure attached to a TBM (tunnel boring machine), water and sewage system, and a small-bore propulsion device for excavating wells. Background technology

Fig. 3 shows a TBM for excavating a tunnel into a substantially cylindrical shape with respect to a face, or a power turf head attached to a small-diameter pipe propulsion machine for excavating water supply, sewerage and wells. A front view of 0 is shown.

The cut-off head 20 has a substantially disk shape, and four disc cut-offs (with a tape) 21 and eight tool bits 22 are detachably attached to the outer edge thereof. The cutting portions (straight) 23, 24, 25, 26 are arranged in series along the radial direction of the cutter head 20 (see the dashed line in the figure). The cutter head 20 is rotatable clockwise in the figure or counterclockwise in the figure around a rotation axis C communicating with its axis.

The cutting portion (straight) 23 to 26 includes a substantially cylindrical main body 27 which passes through a support shaft (not shown) which is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cutter head 20. It has a plurality of rotary blades 28 integrally formed on the peripheral surface of the main body 27. Specifically, three rotating blades 28 are provided on the main body 27 of the cutting sections 23 and 26, respectively, and two rotating blades 2 are provided on the main body 27 of the cutting sections 24 and 25, respectively. 8 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting portions 24 and 25 have two apical corners 29 protruding in the radial direction from the peripheral surface of the main body 27, and are formed along the axial direction of the main body 27. The apex portion 29 is formed in a substantially V-shaped cross section tapering toward the periphery, and a bit 30 is formed at the tip of the cross section. The rotary blade 28 is configured by fixing the rotary blade. Note that such a configuration is not unique to the cutting sections 24 and 25, and the cutting sections 23 and 26 are also formed by the main body 27 and the rotary blades 28. The rotary blades 28 of these cutting portions 23 to 26 have the same diameter.

Returning to FIG. 3, when the cutter head 20 is pressed against the face while rotating about the rotation axis C, the respective disc cutters 21 and the cutting portions 23 to 26 roll with respect to the face. And grind the gravel in cooperation with tool bit 22. The cutter head 20 is arranged such that the cutting part 25 is positioned with respect to the rotation axis C so that the rotary blades 28 of the respective cutting parts 23 to 26 can obtain different distances from the rotation axis C. The cutting portion 23 is arranged at the position closest to the rotation axis C while being arranged at the closest position. For this reason, the cutter head 20 draws a concentric rolling trajectory with the radius of the rotating blade 28 of each of the cutting portions 23 to 26 as a radius with respect to the face.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion P in FIG. In this figure, when the cutting portion 25 rotates about the rotation axis C, the rotary blades 28 A and 28 B integrally formed with the main body 27 rotate at the same peripheral speed. Here, the rolling trajectory distances L 1 and L 2 of the rotary blades 28 A and 28 B associated with the rotation of the cutter head 20 are determined by the distance between the rotation axis C of the cutter head 20 and the rotary blade 28 A. The following formula based on the separation dimension r 1, the separation dimension r 2 between the rotation axis C of the cutting head 20 and the rotary blade 28 A and the blade distance between the rotary blades 28 A and 28 B a Required by

L 1 = 2 ^ r 1

L 2 = 27 r r 2 = 27 T (r 1 + a)

By the way, in such a cutter head 20, when the cutting part 25 is arranged at a position very close to the rotation axis C, as the ratio of the blade dimension a to the clearance dimension r1 increases. The ratio between the rolling trajectory distances L 1 and L 2 increases. However, since the rotary blades 28 A and 28 B are formed integrally with the main body 27 in the cutting portion 25, for example, the rotary blade 28 B rotates the distance of 27 Γ r 2 (L 2). When to move However, the rotary blade 28 A also rolls for a distance of 2? Rr 2 (L 2). In other words, the cutting portion 25 has a problem that the rotary blade 28A wears faster than the rotary blade 28B because the rotary blade 28A slides on the cutting surface while rotating more than necessary.

This problem occurs not only in the cut portion 25 but also in the cut portions 23, 24, and 26. The ratio of the distance between each rotary blade 28 to the rotary axis C tends to decrease as the cutting portions 23 to 26 move away from the rotary axis C. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the cutting portion 26 has a relatively small ratio r3, r4 of the rotating blades 28C, 28E with respect to the rotation axis C. Progression of uneven wear is slower compared to 5. Disclosure of the invention

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a disk cutting structure that can extend the life of a cutting portion.

In order to achieve the above object, a disk cutter structure according to the present invention includes: a rotating shaft; a supporting shaft extending in a direction intersecting the rotating shaft; and a cutting portion that is axially passed through the supporting shaft. In a disk cutter structure in which the cutting portion has a plurality of rotating blades rotatable around the support shaft, each of the rotating blades is independently rotatable.

Here, the rotation axis does not mean a rotation axis as a member, but means a center for rotating the support shaft. Further, the cutting portion only needs to have a plurality of independently rotating blades, and the number of the cutting portion itself is arbitrary. When a plurality of cutting portions are provided, they may be arranged in series along the same support shaft, or may be arranged in an arbitrary number on a plurality of rotating shafts intersecting each other. In such a disk cutter structure according to the present invention, since each rotary blade is independently rotatable, there is no danger that each of the rotary blades will slide on the face even if the distances from the rotary shaft are different from each other. As in the prior art, it is possible to eliminate the problem that one of the rotary blades wears faster than the other, thereby reducing The goal is achieved.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a retainer is provided between at least a pair of adjacent rotary blades among the rotary blades, so that if the width of the retainer is appropriately selected, Versatility can be obtained for a plurality of types of rotary blades having different width dimensions. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a sealing means for preventing infiltration of sludge is provided adjacent to each of the rotary blades. Here, as the sealing means, for example, a 0 ring, a labyrinth, an air nozzle and the like can be adopted, and they may be appropriately disposed between the rotary blades or between the rotary blade and the lapirin. In the present invention, since the sealing means is provided adjacent to the rotary blade, it is difficult for the sludge to enter the rotation center of the rotary blade, thereby maintaining the smooth rotation of the rotary blade. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the sealing means is a zero ring, so that good airtightness can be obtained and infiltration of sludge can be reliably prevented. On the other hand, the present invention is characterized in that the sealing means is a labyrinth, so that the rotational resistance of the rotary blade does not occur, and the mechanical loss can be reduced. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the cutting portions are provided on the same axis, and the rotary blades are arranged so as to draw concentric rolling trajectories that do not overlap with each other. Here, the cutting portions may be appropriately arranged so that the rolling trajectories of the rotary blades draw concentric circles at equal intervals. In the present invention, since the rotary blades are arranged so as to draw concentric rolling trajectories that do not overlap with each other, when excavating the face, the gravel is crushed to a fine and substantially equal size. Become. And, since the present invention is characterized in that it is applied to a machine for excavating a face in a cylindrical shape, it is possible to realize a longer life of a cutting part compared to a conventional machine. Become. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a disk cutter structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a disk cutting structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a front view of a conventional power head.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a conventional disk cutter structure.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion P in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments described below, members already described in FIGS. 3 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and description thereof will be simplified or omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a disk cutter structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This disk cutter structure is a cut-off head that can be attached to a TBM for drilling a tunnel in a substantially cylindrical shape to a face, or a small-diameter pipe propulsion machine for drilling water, sewerage, and wells. It is configured to include a cut portion arranged along the radial direction of the cut head 20.

The cutting portion includes a support shaft 4 arranged along a direction intersecting the rotation axis C of the cutting head 20, and a pair of brackets 5, 5 supporting both ends of the support shaft 4. And rotary blades 1 and 2 supported by the support shaft 4. In such a cutting portion, the rotary blades 1 and 2 correspond to a conventional disk cutter, and a plurality of such cutters are arranged in series along the radial direction of the cutter head 20. The support shaft 4 has a large diameter at a central portion in the axial direction, and both ends are supported by brackets 5, 5 via a plurality of end bolts 6, respectively. Brackets 5 and 5 are mounted on the cutter head 20 by screwing a fixing bolt (not shown) that is passed through the bolt hole 5 a to the support shaft 4 in the radial direction of the cutter head 20. And fixed along. The rotary blades 1 and 2 each have a substantially annular shape tapering toward the peripheral edge, and are each supported by a support shaft 4 via a bearing 3 so that they can rotate independently.

The disk cutter structure of this embodiment is provided with sealing means 7 and 8 adjacent to the rotary blades 1 and 2 for preventing sludge from entering. Sealing means 7, 2 It comprises a synthetic resin 0 ring 7a and two metal seal rings 7b, and the synthetic resin 0 ring 7a includes rotating blades 1, 2 and a bracket, respectively. 5 can be pressed. In the sealing means 7, the sealing ring 7b is pressed along the axial direction of the support shaft 4 by the elasticity of the synthetic resin 0 ring 7a, whereby the airtightness is provided between the rotary blades 1, 2 and the bracket 5. Nature is secured. Such a sealing means 7 prevents the lubricant of the bearing 3 from leaking out of the cutting portion and also prevents muddy water and earth and sand from entering the inside of the cutting portion. On the other hand, the sealing means 8 is a labyrinth provided on the mutually facing surfaces of the rotating blades 1 and 2 and the bracket 5, and, similarly to the sealing means 7, external leakage of the lubricating oil from the cutting portion and cutting. Prevents muddy water from entering the interior.

In the first embodiment, a cutting portion having two rotating blades 1 and 2 is illustrated.However, a cutting portion having three or more rotating blades or a carbide tip attached to the outer edge of the rotating blade is used. The same structure as in the present embodiment can be applied to the cut portion.

According to the disk cutter structure as described above, since each of the rotary blades 1 and 2 can rotate independently, there is no possibility that the respective sliding blades 1 and 2 may slide with respect to the face even if the distances from the rotary shaft C are different from each other. For this reason, in this disk cutter structure, there is no fear that one of the rotary blades 1 and 2 will wear faster than the other as in the past. Furthermore, since the sealing means 7 is provided adjacent to each of the rotary blades 1 and 2, good airtightness is obtained, and sludge hardly penetrates into the cutting portion. On the other hand, since the sealing means 8 is a labyrinth, there is no rotation resistance of the rotary blades 1 and 2, and mechanical loss can be reduced. Furthermore, since the rotary blades 1 and 2 are arranged so as to describe concentric rolling trajectories that do not overlap with each other, when excavating the face, the gravels are finely and almost equally crushed. Excavation efficiency is improved.

FIG. 2 shows a disk cutter structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiments described below, the members already described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and description thereof will be simplified or omitted.

The disk cutter structure of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above. Similarly to the disk cutter structure, the rotary blades 11 and 12 are rotatably supported on a support shaft 14 via bearings 13 respectively. These rotary blades 1 1, 1 2 are fitted on rotary rings lib, 1 2 b, and are provided with retaining rings 1 1 c, at one axial end of the cutter rings 1 1 a, 1 2 a. 1 2c is attached. The rotary blades 11 and 12 may be formed integrally with the cutter rings 11a and 12a and the rotary rings 11b and 12b.

In the disk cutter structure according to the second embodiment, a retainer 16 is mounted between the rotary blades 11 and 12. The retainer 16 is sandwiched between two bearings 13 and 13 adjacent to each other, and has a function as a spacer for adjusting an interval between the cutters 11a and 12a. I have. Since the retainer 16 is provided between the rotary blades 11 and 12, the sealing means 17 is provided between the rotary blade 11 and the retainer 16, and the rotary blade 12 and the retainer It is provided between 16. The labyrinth 18 is provided between the rotary blade 11 and the retainer 16 and is provided between the rotary blade 12 and the retainer 16.

According to the disk cutter structure of the second embodiment described above, since it has a structure basically similar to that of the first embodiment described above, the same effect as the disk cutter structure of the first embodiment is obtained. can get. On the other hand, according to the disk cutter structure of the second embodiment, since the retainer 16 is provided between the independently rotatable rotary blades 11 and 12, by appropriately replacing the retainer 16, Changes in the spacing and width of the rotating blades 11 and 12 can be easily handled.

Further, in the present embodiment, the interval between the rotary blades 11 and 12 can be finely adjusted as compared with the case where a plurality of rotary blades 11 and 12 are independently provided side by side.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, the materials, shapes, and dimensions of the rotating shaft, the supporting shaft, the cutting portion, the rotating blade, the retainer, the sealing means, and the like within a range in which the present invention can be achieved. The modification, modification, etc. of the shape, number, location, etc. are optional. According to the present invention described in detail above, it is possible to solve the problem that one of the rotary blades constituting the cutting portion wears faster than the other as in the related art. According to the present invention, If the width of the retainer is appropriately selected, versatility can be obtained for a plurality of types of rotary blades having different width dimensions. Further, according to the present invention, smooth rotation of the rotary blade can be maintained. Further, according to the present invention, invasion of sludge can be surely prevented, mechanical loss can be reduced, and the face can be finely ground to approximately the same size. And, according to the present invention, a longer life of the cutting portion can be realized as compared with a conventional machine. Industrial applicability

According to the present invention, the service life of the disk cutter is extended, the axial length does not increase due to the division of the disk cutter, the intrusion of earth and sand, muddy water, etc. into the seal is reduced, and the distance between the disk cutters is reduced to a desired value. This is useful as a disk cutter structure that can be adjusted to a desired height.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A rotating shaft, a supporting shaft extending in a direction intersecting with the rotating shaft, and a cutting portion axially passed through the supporting shaft, wherein the cutting portion is rotatable around the supporting shaft. A disk cutter structure having a plurality of rotary blades, wherein each of the rotary blades is independently rotatable.

2. The disk cutter structure according to claim 1, wherein a retainer is provided between at least a pair of adjacent rotary blades among the rotary blades.

3. The disk cutter structure according to claim 1, further comprising sealing means for preventing infiltration of sludge adjacent to said rotary blades.

4. The disc cutter structure according to claim 3, wherein said sealing means is a ring.

5. The disk cutter structure according to claim 3, wherein said sealing means is a lapilis.

6. The disk cutter structure according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of cutting parts are provided on the same axis, and the rotary blades are arranged so as to draw concentric rolling trajectories that do not overlap with each other. Disc cutter structure that features.

7. The disk cutter structure according to claim 1, wherein the disk cutter structure is applied to a machine for excavating a face in a cylindrical shape.