WO1997002965A1 - On-board electrical system with multiplex control for vehicles - Google Patents

On-board electrical system with multiplex control for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997002965A1
WO1997002965A1 PCT/DE1996/001312 DE9601312W WO9702965A1 WO 1997002965 A1 WO1997002965 A1 WO 1997002965A1 DE 9601312 W DE9601312 W DE 9601312W WO 9702965 A1 WO9702965 A1 WO 9702965A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power line
switches
consumer
electrical system
consumers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001312
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Reinhold Ortmann
Ludwig Brabetz
Andreas KLÖPPER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1997002965A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997002965A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/0005—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving power plugs or sockets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/06—Two-wire systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/084—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/0315—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for using multiplexing techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of vehicle equipment and is to be used in the configuration of an electrical on-board network in which the consumers are connected to a two-wire power line using a multiplex control by means of switching elements.
  • a known electrical system of this type is equipped with a two-pair cable, a first pair of wires from opposing flat energy conductors and a second pair of wires from opposing round signal conductors being arranged in a common insulating sheath.
  • a central multiplex transmission station is connected to the signal conductors; a battery is connected to the energy conductors.
  • the consumers in the form of lamps, motors, etc. and actuators or switches are each connected to end devices, which in turn are connected to both
  • a connection unit which has a two-part housing body and cutting-like connecting elements in this housing body, is used to connect the consumers and switches to the two-pair cable.
  • the housing body also contains a circuit board with a printed circuit for receiving circuit components such as a chip with an IC and a switching element for closing or opening the current path to the respective consumer.
  • the housing body is also provided with a plug socket which serves to receive a plug, which in turn is arranged at one end of an electrical line connected to the associated consumer (EP-A1-0 283 013 / DE 38 83 032 T2; EP-Al-0 283 012).
  • a two-core cable with two conductors of different cross-section is used, the conductor with a smaller cross-section being used for signal transmission and the conductor with a larger cross-section for energy transmission.
  • the two conductors each form the outward path of a signal or energy circuit, while the return path is formed by the chassis of the vehicle.
  • special transmission units are provided for connecting the consumers, which on the one hand contact the signal and energy conductors and on the other hand each serve to receive a plug which is connected at one end of a supply line to the respective consumer, actuator or Sensor is arranged (US-A 3 651 454).
  • a bus system which works with a two-wire line which transmits both data / signals and energy.
  • Both the master station for data transmission and the energy source are connected to the two-wire line, the master station using an appropriate inductive or capacitive coupling bracket.
  • special user modules are connected by means of cutting / clamping technology, which act as slaves and to which sensors and actuators can be plugged in via individual connecting lines. If the slave function is integrated in a sensor or actuator, this can also be connected directly to the bus line (DE-Z "Flexible Automation" 3/93, pages 56 to 58).
  • the invention is based on the object of further simplifying the structure of the on-board network and thereby ensuring safe operation of the consumers.
  • the control elements are coupled to the power line, that the branch lines each end in a plug which can be connected to the respective consumer and that the control element of each switch or consumer consists of a transmitter / receiver for communication with the other control members, further consists of switching electronics for controlling the switching member and a device for monitoring the current flowing to the consumer.
  • a single two-wire power line is used for energy distribution, which optionally has individual sections which extend in a star shape into the individual areas of the motor vehicle (engine compartment, passenger compartment on the right, passenger compartment on the left) and which at the same time are used for the communication of the Switches and consumers transmits necessary signals.
  • the energy supply to the consumers takes place via a branch line, the electrical cross section of which
  • This branch line which is connected to the power line by means of a quickly mountable branch element in the form of an insulation displacement connector, ends in a plug contact, which can be connected to the respective mating contact of the consumer.
  • the quickly mountable branching element is designed as an "intelligent connector" which, in addition to the cutting contacts, also contains at least one control element coupled to the power line and the switching element associated with the respective consumer, for example a power transistor or a relay.
  • the "intelligent connector” also contains a monitoring device for the current flowing via the branch line to the consumer. Such a monitoring device only enables the practical use of on-board electrical systems, such as those from the prior art mentioned at the beginning 97/02965 PC ⁇ 7DE96 / 01312
  • Electronic current monitoring provided according to the invention, directly on the branch line of the consumer, on the other hand, together with the multiplex control, offers the possibility of actuating the switching element of the individual consumer in the event of a short circuit or other fault
  • the output of the current monitoring device used here is on the one hand coupled to the control circuit of the switching element and on the other hand acts on the input of the transmitter.
  • FIG. 1 shows the overall architecture of the vehicle electrical system
  • Figure 2 shows the circuit structure in the area of an intelligent connector.
  • an energy line 1 is used for the construction of the on-board electrical system, which has a two-wire design and which is laid essentially H-shaped in a motor vehicle, in particular in a car.
  • the battery 2 is connected to the power line 1 via a connecting element 7.
  • two intelligent switching units 3 are connected to the power line, which contain fuses, relays and control electronics and each of which is assigned a central device 4 for diagnosing the vehicle electrical system.
  • Intelligent connectors 9 are arranged at various points on the power line 1, one or each of which lead several branch lines 5 to connectors 6.
  • the plug connectors 6 are used to connect the branch lines to the consumers and / or switches arranged on the periphery of the motor vehicle, such as lamps, turn signals and relays, for example for locking door locks.
  • the plugs 6 can be two-pole or multi-pole plugs. Such plugs can be constructed, for example, according to European patent application 0 597 388.
  • the intelligent connectors are equipped with insulation displacement contacts for contacting the power line 1 and for contacting the branching connecting lines 5.
  • the circuitry of such a connector is shown in FIG. 2. Thereafter, the wires 11 and 12 of the power line 1 are contacted at points 91 and 92, while the wires 51 and 52 of the branch line 5 are contacted at points 93 and 94.
  • An integrated circuit 95 is arranged between two inner current paths 97 and 98 and contains a transmitter / receiver for communication with the other intelligent connectors and the intelligent switching units 3, an associated signal evaluation and switching electronics for controlling the switching element 96, whose switching contact is looped into the current path 97. With an electronic current measuring device A the current flowing to the consumer can also be measured; the associated evaluation logic is arranged in the integrated circuit 95.

Abstract

As a modification to an on-board electrical system in which consumer devices and switches are linked by a multiplex control system via switching elements to a common two-core power line, the control elements (9, 95) are coupled to the power line (1) and the consumer devices and switches are linked to the power line (1) by branch lines (5) which terminate in plugs (6). To effect electrical connection of the consumer devices and switches to the power line (1) using the branch lines (6), insulation-piercing connectors (9) are provided; each of these connectors is provided with a communication element (95), a control element (95), the switching element (96) and a current monitoring device (A).

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Bordnetz mit Multiplexsteuerung für KraftfahrzeugeVehicle electrical system with multiplex control for motor vehicles
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Fahrzeugausstattung und ist bei der Ausgestaltung eines elektrischen Bordnetzes anzuwenden, bei dem die Verbraucher unter Verwendung einer Multiplexsteuerung mittels Schaltglieder an eine zweiadrige Energieleitung angeschlossen werden.The invention is in the field of vehicle equipment and is to be used in the configuration of an electrical on-board network in which the consumers are connected to a two-wire power line using a multiplex control by means of switching elements.
Ein bekanntes Bordnetz dieser Art ist mit einem zweipaarigen Kabel ausgestattet, wobei ein erstes Aderpaar aus sich gegen¬ überliegenden flachen Energieleitern und ein zweites Aderpaar aus sich gegenüberliegenden runden Signalleitern in einer gemeinsamen isolierenden Umhüllung angeordnet sind. Eine zentrale Multiplexübertragungsstation ist mit den Signallei¬ tern verbunden; eine Batterie ist mit den Energieleitern verbunden. Die Verbraucher in Form von Lampen, Motoren usw. und von Aktoren bzw. Schaltern sind jeweils an Endeinrichtun- gen angeschlossen, die ihrerseits sowohl an die beidenA known electrical system of this type is equipped with a two-pair cable, a first pair of wires from opposing flat energy conductors and a second pair of wires from opposing round signal conductors being arranged in a common insulating sheath. A central multiplex transmission station is connected to the signal conductors; a battery is connected to the energy conductors. The consumers in the form of lamps, motors, etc. and actuators or switches are each connected to end devices, which in turn are connected to both
Signalleiter als auch an die beiden Energieleiter des zwei¬ paarigen Kabels angeschlossen sind. Zum Anschluß der Verbrau¬ cher und Schalter an das zweipaarige Kabel dient jeweils eine Anschlußeinheit, die einen zweiteiligen Gehäusekörper und schneidenartige Verbindungselemente in diesem Gehäusekörper aufweist. Der Gehäusekörper enthält weiterhin eine Platine mit einer gedruckten Schaltung zur Aufnahme von Schaltungs- komponenten wie beispielsweise einen Chip mit einem IC sowie ein Schaltglied zum Schließen oder Öffnen des Stromweges zu dem jeweiligen Verbraucher. Der Gehäusekörper ist weiterhin mit einer Steckbuchse versehen, die zur Aufnahme eines Stek¬ kers dient, der seinerseits an dem einen Ende einer mit dem jeweils zugehörigen Verbraucher verbundenen elektrischen Leitung angeordnet ist (EP-A1-0 283 013/DE 38 83 032 T2; EP- Al-0 283 012) . Bei einem anderen bekannten Bordnetz dieser Art ist ein zweiadriges Kabel mit zwei Leitern unterschiedlichen Quer¬ schnittes verwendet, wobei der Leiter kleineren Querschnitts zur Signalübertragung und der Leiter größeren Querschnitts zur Energieübertragung dient. Die beiden Leiter bilden je¬ weils den Hinweg eines Signal- bzw. Energie-Kreises, während der Rückweg vom Chassis des Fahrzeuges gebildet wird. Auch bei diesem Bordnetz sind zum Anschluß der Verbraucher spezi¬ elle Übertragungseinheiten vorgesehen, die einerseits den Signal- und den Energieleiter kontaktieren und die anderer¬ seits jeweils zur Aufnahme eines Steckers dienen, der an dem einen Ende einer Zuleitung zu dem jeweiligen Verbraucher, Aktor oder Sensor angeordnet ist (US-A 3 651 454) .Signal conductors and the two energy conductors of the two-pair cable are connected. A connection unit, which has a two-part housing body and cutting-like connecting elements in this housing body, is used to connect the consumers and switches to the two-pair cable. The housing body also contains a circuit board with a printed circuit for receiving circuit components such as a chip with an IC and a switching element for closing or opening the current path to the respective consumer. The housing body is also provided with a plug socket which serves to receive a plug, which in turn is arranged at one end of an electrical line connected to the associated consumer (EP-A1-0 283 013 / DE 38 83 032 T2; EP-Al-0 283 012). In another known electrical system of this type, a two-core cable with two conductors of different cross-section is used, the conductor with a smaller cross-section being used for signal transmission and the conductor with a larger cross-section for energy transmission. The two conductors each form the outward path of a signal or energy circuit, while the return path is formed by the chassis of the vehicle. In this on-board electrical system too, special transmission units are provided for connecting the consumers, which on the one hand contact the signal and energy conductors and on the other hand each serve to receive a plug which is connected at one end of a supply line to the respective consumer, actuator or Sensor is arranged (US-A 3 651 454).
Um im Anlagen- und Maschinenbau auf der untersten Automati¬ sierungsebene den Verkabelungsaufwand zu verringern, ist weiterhin ein Bus-System bekannt, das mit einer zweiadrigen Leitung arbeitet, die sowohl Daten/Signale als auch Energie überträgt. Dabei sind sowohl die Masterstation der Datenüber- tragung als auch die Energiequelle an die zweiadrige Leitung angeschlossen, die Masterstation unter Verwendung einer entsprechenden induktiven oder kapazitiven Ankoppeisehaltung. Zum Anschluß von Sensoren und Aktuatoren an die Busleitung sind weiterhin spezielle Anwendermodule mittels Schneid- /Klemm-Technik angeschlossen, die als Slave fungieren und an die über einzelne Verbindungsleitungen Sensoren und Aktuato¬ ren steckbar angeschlossen werden. Sofern die Slave-Funktion in einen Sensor oder Aktuator integriert ist, kann dieser auch direkt an die Busleitung angeschlossen werden (DE-Z "Flexible Automation" 3/93, Seite 56 bis 58) .In order to reduce the wiring effort in plant and mechanical engineering at the lowest automation level, a bus system is also known which works with a two-wire line which transmits both data / signals and energy. Both the master station for data transmission and the energy source are connected to the two-wire line, the master station using an appropriate inductive or capacitive coupling bracket. For the connection of sensors and actuators to the bus line, special user modules are connected by means of cutting / clamping technology, which act as slaves and to which sensors and actuators can be plugged in via individual connecting lines. If the slave function is integrated in a sensor or actuator, this can also be connected directly to the bus line (DE-Z "Flexible Automation" 3/93, pages 56 to 58).
Ausgehend von einem Bordnetz für Kraftfahrzeuge mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufbau des Bordnetzes weiter zu vereinfachen und dabei einen abgesicherten Betrieb der Verbraucher zu gewährleisten. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Steuerglieder an die Energieleitung angekoppelt sind, daß die Abzweigleitungen jeweils in einem mit dem jeweiligen Verbraucher verbindbaren Stecker enden und daß das Steuer¬ glied jedes Schalters bzw. Verbrauchers aus einem Sen¬ der/Empfänger für die Kommunikation mit den anderen Steuer¬ gliedern, ferner aus einer Schaltelektronik zur Ansteuerung des Schaltgliedes und aus einer Einrichtung zur Überwachung des zum Verbraucher fließenden Stromes besteht.Starting from an on-board network for motor vehicles with the features of the preamble of claim 1, the invention is based on the object of further simplifying the structure of the on-board network and thereby ensuring safe operation of the consumers. To achieve this object it is provided according to the invention that the control elements are coupled to the power line, that the branch lines each end in a plug which can be connected to the respective consumer and that the control element of each switch or consumer consists of a transmitter / receiver for communication with the other control members, further consists of switching electronics for controlling the switching member and a device for monitoring the current flowing to the consumer.
Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung des Bordnetzes wird zur Energieverteilung nur eine einzige zweiadrige Energieleitung verwendet, die gegebenenfalls einzelne, sich sternförmig in die einzelnen Bereiche des Kraftfahrzeuges (Motorraum, Fahr¬ gastraum rechts, Fahrgastraum links) erstreckende Abschnitte aufweist und die zugleich die für die Kommunikation der Schalter und Verbraucher erforderlichen Signale überträgt. Die Energiezuführung zu den Verbrauchern erfolgt jeweils über eine Abzweigleitung, deren elektrischer Querschnitt demIn such a configuration of the on-board electrical system, only a single two-wire power line is used for energy distribution, which optionally has individual sections which extend in a star shape into the individual areas of the motor vehicle (engine compartment, passenger compartment on the right, passenger compartment on the left) and which at the same time are used for the communication of the Switches and consumers transmits necessary signals. The energy supply to the consumers takes place via a branch line, the electrical cross section of which
Energieverbrauch des Verbrauchers angepaßt sein kann. Diese Abzweigleitung, die mittels eines schnell montierbaren Ab¬ zweigelementes in Form eines Schneid-Klemm-Verbinders an die Energieleitung angeschlossen wird, endet jeweils in einem Steckkontakt, der an den jeweiligen Gegenkontakt des Ver¬ brauchers anschließbar ist. Das schnell montierbare Abzweige¬ lement ist dabei als "intelligenter Verbinder" ausgebildet, der außer den Schneidkontakten auch zumindest ein an die Energieleitung angekoppeltes Steuerglied und das dem jeweili- gen Verbraucher zugeordnete Schaltglied, beispielsweise einen Leistungstransistor oder ein Relais, enthält. Darüber hinaus enthält der "intelligente Verbinder" auch eine Über¬ wachungseinrichtung für den über die Abzweigleitung zum Verbraucher fließenden Strom. Eine solche Überwachungsein- richtung ermöglicht überhaupt erst den praktischen Einsatz von Bordnetzen, wie sie aus dem eingangs genannten Stand der 97/02965 PCΪ7DE96/01312Energy consumption of the consumer can be adjusted. This branch line, which is connected to the power line by means of a quickly mountable branch element in the form of an insulation displacement connector, ends in a plug contact, which can be connected to the respective mating contact of the consumer. The quickly mountable branching element is designed as an "intelligent connector" which, in addition to the cutting contacts, also contains at least one control element coupled to the power line and the switching element associated with the respective consumer, for example a power transistor or a relay. In addition, the "intelligent connector" also contains a monitoring device for the current flowing via the branch line to the consumer. Such a monitoring device only enables the practical use of on-board electrical systems, such as those from the prior art mentioned at the beginning 97/02965 PCΪ7DE96 / 01312
4 Technik bekannt sind. Ohne eine solche Überwachungseinrich¬ tung müßten die einzelnen Verbraucher und ihre Zuleitungen im Bereich einer zentralen Sicherungsbox einzeln abgesichert werden, wie es bisher bei Kraftfahrzeug-Bordnetzen mit dem bekannten Verkabelungsaufwand üblich ist. Die gemäß der4 technology are known. Without such a monitoring device, the individual consumers and their supply lines would have to be individually secured in the area of a central fuse box, as has been customary in motor vehicle electrical systems with the known wiring effort. The according to the
Erfindung vorgesehene elektronische Stromüberwachung unmit¬ telbar an der Abzweigleitung des Verbrauchers bietet dagegen zusammen mit der Multiplexsteuerung die Möglichkeit, das Schaltglied des einzelnen Verbrauchers bei Vorliegen eines Kurzschlusses oder einer anderen Störung anzusteuern, denElectronic current monitoring provided according to the invention, directly on the branch line of the consumer, on the other hand, together with the multiplex control, offers the possibility of actuating the switching element of the individual consumer in the event of a short circuit or other fault
Verbraucher mitsamt seiner Abzweigleitung abzuschalten, eine entsprechende Fehlermeldung abzugeben und das Schaltglied nach der Reparatur wieder zu öffnen. - Der Ausgang der hier¬ bei verwendeten Stromüberwachungseinrichtung ist einerseits mit dem Ansteuerkreis des Schaltgliedes gekoppelt und wirkt andererseits auf den Eingang des Senders ein.Switch off the consumer and its branch line, issue a corresponding error message and open the switching element again after the repair. The output of the current monitoring device used here is on the one hand coupled to the control circuit of the switching element and on the other hand acts on the input of the transmitter.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des neuen Bordnetzes ist in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt. Dabei zeigt Figur 1 die Gesamtarchitektur des Bordnetzes undAn embodiment of the new electrical system is shown in Figures 1 and 2. 1 shows the overall architecture of the vehicle electrical system and
Figur 2 den Schaltungsaufbau im Bereich eines intelligenten Verbinders.Figure 2 shows the circuit structure in the area of an intelligent connector.
Gemäß Figur 1 wird für den Aufbau des Bordnetzes eine Ener- gieleitung 1 verwendet, die zweiadrig ausgebildet ist und die im wesentlichen H-förmig in einem Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere in einem Pkw, verlegt ist. An die Energieleitung 1 ist über ein Verbindungselement 7 die Batterie 2 angeschlossen. Über weitere Verbindungselemente 8 sind an die Energieleitung zwei intelligente Schalteinheiten 3 angeschlossen, die Siche¬ rungen, Relais und eine Kontrollelektronik enthalten und denen jeweils eine zentrale Einrichtung 4 zur Diagnose des Bordnetzes zugeordnet ist.According to FIG. 1, an energy line 1 is used for the construction of the on-board electrical system, which has a two-wire design and which is laid essentially H-shaped in a motor vehicle, in particular in a car. The battery 2 is connected to the power line 1 via a connecting element 7. Via two additional connecting elements 8, two intelligent switching units 3 are connected to the power line, which contain fuses, relays and control electronics and each of which is assigned a central device 4 for diagnosing the vehicle electrical system.
An verschiedenen Stellen der Energieleitung 1 sind intelli¬ gente Verbinder 9 angeordnet, von denen jeweils eine oder mehrere Abzweigleitungen 5 zu Steckverbindern 6 führen. Die Steckverbinder 6 dienen zum Anschluß der Abzweigleitungen an die an der Peripherie des Kraftfahrzeuges angeordneten Ver¬ braucher und/oder Schalter, wie z.B. Lampen, Blinkleuchten und Relais, z.B. zur Verriegelung von Türschlössern. Bei den Steckern 6 kann es sich um zwei- oder mehrpolige Stecker handeln. Derartige Stecker können beispielsweise gemäß der Europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 597 388 aufgebaut sein.Intelligent connectors 9 are arranged at various points on the power line 1, one or each of which lead several branch lines 5 to connectors 6. The plug connectors 6 are used to connect the branch lines to the consumers and / or switches arranged on the periphery of the motor vehicle, such as lamps, turn signals and relays, for example for locking door locks. The plugs 6 can be two-pole or multi-pole plugs. Such plugs can be constructed, for example, according to European patent application 0 597 388.
Die intelligenten Verbinder sind mit Schneidklemmkontakten zur Kontaktierung der Energieleitung 1 und zur Kontaktierung der abzweigenden Verbindungsleitungen 5 ausgerüstet. Den schaltungstechnischen Aufbau eines solchen Verbinders zeigt Figur 2. Danach werden die Adern 11 und 12 der Energieleitung 1 an den Punkten 91 und 92 kontaktiert, während die Adern 51 und 52 der Abzweigleitung 5 an den Punkten 93 und 94 kontak¬ tiert werden. Zwischen zwei inneren Strombahnen 97 und 98 ist ein integrierter Schaltkreis 95 angeordnet, der einen Sen¬ der/Empfänger für die Kommunikation mit den anderen intelli- genten Verbindern und der intelligenten Schalteinheiten 3, eine zugehörige Signalauswertung und eine Schaltelektronik zur Ansteuerung des Schaltgliedes 96 enthält, dessen Schalt¬ kontakt in die Strombahn 97 eingeschleift ist. Mit einer elektronischen Strommeßeinrichtung A kann weiterhin der zu dem Verbraucher fließende Strom gemessen werden; die zugehö¬ rige Auswertelogik ist in dem integrierten Schaltkreis 95 angeordnet. The intelligent connectors are equipped with insulation displacement contacts for contacting the power line 1 and for contacting the branching connecting lines 5. The circuitry of such a connector is shown in FIG. 2. Thereafter, the wires 11 and 12 of the power line 1 are contacted at points 91 and 92, while the wires 51 and 52 of the branch line 5 are contacted at points 93 and 94. An integrated circuit 95 is arranged between two inner current paths 97 and 98 and contains a transmitter / receiver for communication with the other intelligent connectors and the intelligent switching units 3, an associated signal evaluation and switching electronics for controlling the switching element 96, whose switching contact is looped into the current path 97. With an electronic current measuring device A the current flowing to the consumer can also be measured; the associated evaluation logic is arranged in the integrated circuit 95.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Bordnetz für Kraftfahrzeuge auf der Basis einer zweiadri¬ gen Energieleitung mit einer angeschlossenen Energieversor- gungsquelle und mit einer Vielzahl von über Schaltglieder angeschlossener Verbraucher und Schalter und einer den Verbrauchern und Schaltern zugeordneten Multiplexsteuerung zur Ansteuerung der Schaltglieder der Verbraucher und Schalter, bei dem zum Anschluß der Verbaucher und Schalter an die Energieleitung jeweils ein die Energieleitung umfassender Schneid-Klemm-Verbinder vorgesehen ist, der sowohl das Schaltglied als auch ein Steuerglied enthält und von dem wenigstens eine Anschlußleitung zu einem Verbraucher oder Schalter abzweigt, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Steuerglieder (9,95) an die Energieleitung (1) angekoppelt sind, daß die Abzweigleitungen (5) jeweils in einem mit dem jeweiligen Verbraucher oder Schalter verbindbaren Stecker (6) enden und daß das Steuerglied (95) jedes Schalters bzw. Verbrauchers aus einem Sender/Empfänger für die Kommunikation mit den anderen Steuergliedern, ferner aus einer Schaltelek- tronik zur Ansteuerung des Schaltgliedes und aus einer Einrichtung (A) zur Überwachung des zum Verbraucher fließenden Stromes besteht.1. Vehicle electrical system for motor vehicles on the basis of a two-wire power line with a connected power supply source and with a large number of consumers and switches connected via switching elements and a multiplex control assigned to the consumers and switches for controlling the switching elements of the consumers and switches, in the case of Connection of the consumers and switches to the power line is provided in each case with an insulation displacement connector comprising the power line, which contains both the switching element and a control element and from which at least one connecting line branches off to a consumer or switch, characterized in that the control elements (9 , 95) are coupled to the power line (1) that the branch lines (5) each end in a plug (6) which can be connected to the respective consumer or switch and that the control element (95) of each switch or consumer comes from a transmitter / receiver f ür communication with the other control elements, further consists of switching electronics for controlling the switching element and a device (A) for monitoring the current flowing to the consumer.
2. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Stecker (6) mittels eines Schneid-Klemm-Kontaktes (93,94) an die Abzweigleitung (5; 51,52) angeschlossen ist.2. electrical system according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the plug (6) by means of an insulation displacement contact (93,94) is connected to the branch line (5; 51,52).
3. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Ausgang der Stromüberwachungseinrichtung (A) einerseits mit dem Ansteuerkreis des Schaltgliedes (96) gekoppelt ist und andererseits auf den Eingang des Senders (95) einwirkt. 3. electrical system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the output of the current monitoring device (A) is coupled on the one hand to the control circuit of the switching element (96) and on the other hand acts on the input of the transmitter (95).
PCT/DE1996/001312 1995-07-13 1996-07-12 On-board electrical system with multiplex control for vehicles WO1997002965A1 (en)

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DE19526806.7 1995-07-13

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