WO1996032054A1 - Process for measuring the intraocular pressure - Google Patents

Process for measuring the intraocular pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996032054A1
WO1996032054A1 PCT/DE1996/000558 DE9600558W WO9632054A1 WO 1996032054 A1 WO1996032054 A1 WO 1996032054A1 DE 9600558 W DE9600558 W DE 9600558W WO 9632054 A1 WO9632054 A1 WO 9632054A1
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eye
vibrations
measured
intraocular pressure
measuring
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PCT/DE1996/000558
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wilhelm Stork
Christine Kreiner
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Visionet Gesellschaft Für Mikrotechnische Systemlösungen Mbh
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Publication of WO1996032054A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996032054A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/16—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers
    • A61B3/165—Non-contacting tonometers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the intraocular pressure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Measuring the intraocular pressure is a standard method in ophthalmology. It is used in particular for the diagnosis and monitoring of people at risk of glaucoma, whereby the optic nerve can be damaged due to increased intraocular pressure so that blindness can occur.
  • Air pressure is deformed. This deformation is evaluated using an optical measuring method, a specific deformation at the respective deformation pressure being used as a measure of the intraocular pressure.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for measuring the intraocular pressure which does not have the above-mentioned shortcomings, or which can be carried out simply, painlessly and without unpleasant consequences for the patient.
  • the vibrations of the eye which are generated by the pulsatile arterial pressure, are measured without contact and the intraocular pressure is determined therefrom.
  • the contactless measurement advantageously prevents irritation of the eye to be examined, so that local anesthesia is avoided in the case of a corresponding examination. Infections are also avoided.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore advantageously also suitable for examination following an eye operation.
  • the vibrations of the surface of the eye are generated by the arterial pressure.
  • the intraocular pressure can be determined from the analysis of the pulsatile vibrations of the surface of the eye.
  • the Vibrations measured in particular the surface of the eye preferably non-contact optical vibration measurement methods are used.
  • this non-contact optical vibration measurement method known per se
  • Triangulation vibrometer or laser interferometric vibrometer can be used.
  • a laser triangulation vibrometer is suitable, for example, for vibration frequencies up to approx. 50 kHz and for measuring strokes or amplitudes of at least 0.1 ⁇ m. Such one
  • Laser triangulation vibrometer is known, for example, under the type designation LAP-LMS10 from Laser Applications Lüneburg.
  • the laser triangulation mentioned can also be carried out, for example, using a device from MEL in Kunststoff.
  • the laser interferometric methods are more suitable for the method according to the invention since even smaller vibration strokes can be measured with them.
  • they are designed as interferometers.
  • An example of such an interferometer is the laser vibrometer from Polytec, Waldbronn, with the type designation laser single-point vibrometer OFV-302.
  • Such laser interferometric vibrometers are suitable for measuring frequencies in the MHz range and also very low amplitudes in the nanometer range.
  • Vibration spectrum is similar to the tensioning of a string of a side instrument or similar to the vibration behavior of a more or less inflated ball, ie the vibration frequencies are proportional to the intraocular pressure in a certain way.
  • the intraocular pressure can thus be determined by analyzing the non-contact measured vibration spectrum, for example the surface of the eye.
  • vibrations of the eye to be examined must be distinguished from movements of the entire head from the measuring system used. This distinction can e.g. by vibration measurement at two or more points of the eye to be examined or by an additional measurement on the second eye. This makes it possible to compensate for the absolute movements of the head.
  • the vibration spectra of the head are due to its size or its relatively large mass at much lower frequencies than that of the eye, which has a small mass compared to the mass of the head, so that the absolute movements of the head can be compensated for by a corresponding frequency analysis.
  • Comparative measurements ascertainable A known standard method of the type mentioned at the outset can be used to carry out these quasi-one-off comparative measurements. Such comparative measurements or calibration measurements can easily be carried out by a person skilled in the field of ophthalmology, so that no detailed explanations are required in this regard.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
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  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The description relates to a process for measuring the intraocular pressure in which the vibrational spectrum of the eye is analysed. This vibrational spectrum of the eye is excited internally through the internal pulsed arterial pressure and thus contactlessly. A measure of the intraocular pressure of the eye under examination is then derived contactlessly by means of the vibrometer from the spectrum of the vibrations, especially of the surface of the eye.

Description

Verfahren zur Messung des Auqeninnendruckes Procedure for measuring the internal pressure of the outside
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung des Augeninnendruckes gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for measuring the intraocular pressure according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Messung des Augeninnendruckes ist eine Standardmethode in der Ophtalmologie. Sie dient insbesondere zur Diagnose und zur Überwachung von Glaukom gefährdeten Menschen, wobei auf Grund eines erhöhten Augeninnendrucks der Sehnerv so geschädigt werden kann, daß eine Erblindung eintreten kann.Measuring the intraocular pressure is a standard method in ophthalmology. It is used in particular for the diagnosis and monitoring of people at risk of glaucoma, whereby the optic nerve can be damaged due to increased intraocular pressure so that blindness can occur.
In bekannter Weise kommen sog. Applanationstonometer zur Anwendung, die eine ausreichend genaue Bestimmung des intraokularen Druckes zulassen. Diese Verfahren weisen jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf, weil bei der Applanation die Augenoberfläche mechanisch oder durchIn a known manner, so-called applanation tonometers are used, which allow a sufficiently precise determination of the intraocular pressure. However, these methods have a number of disadvantages because the applanation causes the surface of the eye to be mechanical or through
Luftdruck deformiert wird. Diese Deformation wird mit einem optischen Meßverfahren ausgewertet, wobei eine bestimmte Deformation bei dem jeweiligen Deformationsdruck als Maß für den intraokularen Druck herangezogen wird.Air pressure is deformed. This deformation is evaluated using an optical measuring method, a specific deformation at the respective deformation pressure being used as a measure of the intraocular pressure.
Sowohl bei der mechanischen als auch bei der kontaktlosen Luftdrucktonometrie wird das Auge jedoch stark gereizt, so daß bei der Untersuchung eine Lokalanästhesie unvermeidlich ist. Ein weiterer Mangel insbesondere bei dem mechanischen Verfahren besteht darin, daß Infektionen nicht zuverlässig vermieden werden können. Untersuchungen im Anschluß an Augenoperationen, wie sie wünschenswert wären, sind aus den beschriebenen Gründen ebenfalls nicht möglich, was als erheblicher Mangel angesehen werden muß.However, both mechanical and non-contact air pressure tonometry cause severe eye irritation, so that local anesthesia is inevitable during the examination. Another shortcoming, especially in the mechanical The method is that infections cannot be reliably avoided. Examinations following eye surgery, as they would be desirable, are also not possible for the reasons described, which must be regarded as a considerable deficiency.
Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art sind aus den US-PSen 3 882 718, 5 148 807 und 5 375 595 bzw. aus der WO 93/21820 AI oder aus der EP 0 536 574 AI bekannt. Dabei kommen zur Anregung des Auges Schallwellen zur Anwendung. Gemäß der erwähnten US 3 882 718 weisen die Schallwellen Frequenzen bis mindestens 100 Hz auf. Bei der US 5 148 807 kommen zur Anregung des Auges Schallwellen in einem Frequenzbereich zwischen 10 und 500 Hz zum Einsatz. Die WO 93 21 820 offenbart eine Anregungsfrequenz von z.B. 20 Hz. Gemäß US 5 375 595 wird zur Anregung ein Ultraschallwandler angewandt, der eine Resonanzfrequenz zwischen 20 und 40 kHz besitzt und der niederfrequent gepulst wird. Auf diese Weise kann die Richtwirkung höherfrequenter Schallwellen ausgenutzt werden. Mit noch höheren Frequenzen arbeitet die aus der EP 0 536 574 bekannte Vorrichtung, d.h. diese Vorrichtung arbeitet mit Frequenzen zwischen 100 kHz und 1 MHz.Methods of the type mentioned are known from US Pat. Nos. 3,882,718, 5,148,807 and 5,375,595 or from WO 93/21820 AI or from EP 0 536 574 AI. Sound waves are used to stimulate the eye. According to the US Pat. No. 3,882,718 mentioned, the sound waves have frequencies of up to at least 100 Hz. In US 5 148 807 sound waves in a frequency range between 10 and 500 Hz are used to excite the eye. WO 93 21 820 discloses an excitation frequency of e.g. 20 Hz. According to US Pat. No. 5,375,595, an ultrasonic transducer is used for the excitation, which has a resonance frequency between 20 and 40 kHz and which is pulsed at low frequency. In this way, the directivity of higher-frequency sound waves can be exploited. The device known from EP 0 536 574 operates at even higher frequencies, i.e. this device operates at frequencies between 100 kHz and 1 MHz.
Die durch die entsprechenden Schallwellen hervorgerufenen Deformationen des Auges werden bekanntermaßen mit optischen Mitteln gemessen. Gemäß der oben erwähnten US 3 882 718 ist ein positionsempfindlicher Fotodetektor vorgesehen, der in Abhängigkeit vom Ort des von der Augenoberfläche reflektierten Strahles ein Signal generiert. Nach der oben zitierten US 5 148 807 wird die Phasenmodulation zwischen einem auf das Auge auftreffenden und dem vom Auge reflektierten Lichtstrahl zur Messung herangezogen. Die WO 93 21 820 AI schlägt eine Interferometeranordnung vor. Ein faseroptischer Schwingungssensor kommt gemäß US 5 375 595 zur Anwendung. Die EP 0 536 574 AI beschreibt allgemein Ultraschallmeßmittel oder optische Meßmittel.The deformations of the eye caused by the corresponding sound waves are known to be measured using optical means. According to the above-mentioned US 3,882,718, a position-sensitive photodetector is provided which generates a signal depending on the location of the beam reflected from the surface of the eye. According to US Pat. No. 5,148,807 cited above, the phase modulation between a light beam striking the eye and the light beam reflected by the eye is used for the measurement. WO 93 21 820 AI proposes an interferometer arrangement. A fiber optic vibration sensor comes according to US 5 375 595 to use. EP 0 536 574 AI generally describes ultrasonic measuring means or optical measuring means.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Messung des Augeninnendruckes zu schaffen, welches die oben genannten Mängel nicht aufweist, bzw. das einfach, schmerzlos und ohne unangenehme Folgen für den Patienten durchführbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a method for measuring the intraocular pressure which does not have the above-mentioned shortcomings, or which can be carried out simply, painlessly and without unpleasant consequences for the patient.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Preferred developments of the method according to the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Schwingungen des Auges, die durch den pulsatilen arteriellen Druck erzeugt werden, berührungslos gemessen und daraus der Augeninnendruck bestimmt. Durch die berührungslose Messung werden Reizungen des zu untersuchenden Auges in vorteilhafter Weise vermieden, so daß bei einer entsprechenden Untersuchung eine Lokalanästhesie vermieden wird. Auch Infektionen werden vermieden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich somit in vorteilhafter Weise auch zur Untersuchung im Anschluß an eine Augenoperation.In the method according to the invention, the vibrations of the eye, which are generated by the pulsatile arterial pressure, are measured without contact and the intraocular pressure is determined therefrom. The contactless measurement advantageously prevents irritation of the eye to be examined, so that local anesthesia is avoided in the case of a corresponding examination. Infections are also avoided. The method according to the invention is therefore advantageously also suitable for examination following an eye operation.
Bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Schwingungen der Augenoberfläche durch den arteriellen Druck erzeugt. Aus der Analyse der pulsatil angeregten Schwingungen der Augenoberfläche kann der Augeninnendruck bestimmt werden.When the method according to the invention is carried out, the vibrations of the surface of the eye are generated by the arterial pressure. The intraocular pressure can be determined from the analysis of the pulsatile vibrations of the surface of the eye.
Bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden - wie bereits ausgeführt worden ist - die Schwingungen insbesondere der Augenoberfläche gemessen, wobei vorzugsweise berührungslose optische Schwingungsmeßverfahren zur Anwendung gelangen. Zur Durchführung dieses berührungslosen optischen Schwingungsmeßverfahrens können an sich bekannteWhen carrying out the method according to the invention, the Vibrations measured in particular the surface of the eye, preferably non-contact optical vibration measurement methods are used. To carry out this non-contact optical vibration measurement method known per se
Triangulationsvibrometer oder laserinterferometrisch arbeitende Vibrometer verwendet werden. Ein Lasertriangulationsvibrometer eignet sich bspw. für Vibrationsfrequenzen bis ca. 50 kHz und für Meßhübe bzw. Amplituden von minimal 0,lμm. Ein solchesTriangulation vibrometer or laser interferometric vibrometer can be used. A laser triangulation vibrometer is suitable, for example, for vibration frequencies up to approx. 50 kHz and for measuring strokes or amplitudes of at least 0.1 μm. Such one
Lasertriangulationsvibrometer ist bspw. unter der Typenbezeichnung LAP-LMS10 der Fa. Laser Applikationen Lüneburg bekannt. Die genannte Lasertriangulation kann bspw. auch mittels eines Gerätes der Fa. MEL in München durchgeführt werden. Für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sind jedoch die laserinterferometrisch arbeitenden Verfahren besser geeignet, da mit diesen noch kleinere Schwingungshübe gemessen werden können. Sie sind - wie der Name sagt - als Interferometer ausgebildet. Ein Beispiel eines solchen Interferometers ist das Laservibrometer der Fa. Polytec, Waldbronn, mit der Typenbezeichnung Laser- Einpunkt-Vibrometer OFV-302. Solche laserinterferometrisch arbeitenden Vibrometer sind dazu geeignet, Frequenzen im MHz-Bereich und auch noch sehr geringe Amplituden im Nanometerbereich zu messen.Laser triangulation vibrometer is known, for example, under the type designation LAP-LMS10 from Laser Applications Lüneburg. The laser triangulation mentioned can also be carried out, for example, using a device from MEL in Munich. However, the laser interferometric methods are more suitable for the method according to the invention since even smaller vibration strokes can be measured with them. As the name suggests, they are designed as interferometers. An example of such an interferometer is the laser vibrometer from Polytec, Waldbronn, with the type designation laser single-point vibrometer OFV-302. Such laser interferometric vibrometers are suitable for measuring frequencies in the MHz range and also very low amplitudes in the nanometer range.
Infolge der Schwingungsanregung des zu untersuchenden Auges durch den internen pulsatilen arteriellen Druck wird das SchwingungsSpektrum des Auges durch den Innendruck desselben beeinflußt. Diese Veränderung desAs a result of the vibration excitation of the eye to be examined by the internal pulsatile arterial pressure, the oscillation spectrum of the eye is influenced by the internal pressure of the eye. This change in
Schwingungsspektrums ist ähnlich dem Spannen einer Saite eines Seiteninstrumentes bzw. ähnlich dem Schwingungsverhalten eines mehr oder weniger stark aufgeblasenen Balles, d.h. die Schwingungsfrequenzen sind zum Augeninnendruck in einer bestimmten Weise proportional. Durch die Analyse des berührungslos gemessenen SchwingungsSpektrums bspw. der Augenoberfläche läßt sich somit der Augeninnendruck bestimmen.Vibration spectrum is similar to the tensioning of a string of a side instrument or similar to the vibration behavior of a more or less inflated ball, ie the vibration frequencies are proportional to the intraocular pressure in a certain way. The intraocular pressure can thus be determined by analyzing the non-contact measured vibration spectrum, for example the surface of the eye.
Bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens müssen Schwingungen des zu untersuchenden Auges von Bewegungen des gesamten Kopfes vom zur Anwendung gelangenden Meßsystem unterschieden werden. Diese Unterscheidung kann z.B. durch Schwingungsmessung an zwei oder mehr Stellen des zu untersuchenden Auges oder durch eine zusätzliche Messung am zweiten Auge vorgenommen werden. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Absolutbewegungen des Kopfes zu kompensieren. Außerdem liegen die SchwingungsSpektren des Kopfes aufgrund seiner Größe bzw. seiner relativ großen Masse bei sehr viel niedrigeren Frequenzen als die des im Vergleich zur Masse des Kopfes eine kleine Masse aufweisenden Auges, so daß über eine entsprechende Frequenzanalyse die Absolutbewegungen des Kopfes kompensierbar sind.When carrying out the method according to the invention, vibrations of the eye to be examined must be distinguished from movements of the entire head from the measuring system used. This distinction can e.g. by vibration measurement at two or more points of the eye to be examined or by an additional measurement on the second eye. This makes it possible to compensate for the absolute movements of the head. In addition, the vibration spectra of the head are due to its size or its relatively large mass at much lower frequencies than that of the eye, which has a small mass compared to the mass of the head, so that the absolute movements of the head can be compensated for by a corresponding frequency analysis.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Augeninnendruck und Schwingungsverhalten eines Auges in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Anregung, d.h. eine Eichung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, ist mittelsThe relationship between intraocular pressure and vibration behavior of an eye depending on the respective stimulation, i.e. a calibration of the method according to the invention is by means of
Vergleichsmessungen feststellbar. Zur Durchführung dieser quasi einmaligen Vergleichsmessungen kann eine bekannte Standardmethode der eingangs genannten Art zur Anwendung gelangen. Derartige Vergleichsmessungen bzw. Eichmessungen sind von einem Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der Ophtalmologie ohne weiteres ausführbar, so daß diesbezüglich keine detaillierten Ausführungen erforderlich sind. Comparative measurements ascertainable. A known standard method of the type mentioned at the outset can be used to carry out these quasi-one-off comparative measurements. Such comparative measurements or calibration measurements can easily be carried out by a person skilled in the field of ophthalmology, so that no detailed explanations are required in this regard.

Claims

A n s p r ü c h e ; Expectations ;
1. Verfahren zur Messung des Augeninnendruckes, wobei die durch eine Anregung bewirkten Schwingungsbewegungen des Auges mit Hilfe eines Schwingungsmeßverfahrens gemessen werden und aus den gemessenen Schwingungen der Augeninnendruck bestimmt wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die durch den internen pulsatilen arteriellen Druck erzeugten Schwingungen gemessen werden.1.Procedure for measuring the intraocular pressure, wherein the oscillatory movements of the eye caused by an excitation are measured with the aid of a vibration measurement method and the intraocular pressure is determined from the measured vibrations, so that the vibrations generated by the internal pulsatile arterial pressure are measured.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Augeninnendruck aus dem gemessenen Frequenzspektrum der Schwingungen des Auges bestimmt wird.2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the intraocular pressure is determined from the measured frequency spectrum of the vibrations of the eye.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß aus einem extern vorgegebenen Anregungsspektrum der Augenschwingungen durch Analyse des3. The method of claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that from an externally predetermined excitation spectrum of the eye vibrations by analyzing the
SchwingungsSpektrums der Augeninnendruck bestimmt wird. Vibration spectrum of the intraocular pressure is determined.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Absolutbewegungen des Kopfes und/oder der Augen durch gleichzeitiges Messen der Schwingungen an zwei oder mehr Positionen des zu untersuchenden Auges oder der Augen kompensiert werden.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, that the absolute movements of the head and / or of the eyes are compensated for by simultaneous measurement of the vibrations at two or more positions of the eye or eyes to be examined.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Schwingungen an der Augenoberfläche gemessen werden.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the vibrations are measured on the surface of the eye.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Schwingungen berührungslos optisch gemessen werden.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the vibrations are measured optically without contact.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Schwingungen mit einem laserinterferometrisch arbeitenden Vibrometer gemessen werden.7. The method of claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the vibrations are measured with a laser interferometric vibrometer.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Schwingungen mit einem optischen8. The method of claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the vibrations with an optical
Triangulationsabstandssensor gemessen werden. Triangulation distance sensor can be measured.
PCT/DE1996/000558 1995-04-10 1996-03-23 Process for measuring the intraocular pressure WO1996032054A1 (en)

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ES2116944A1 (en) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-16 Carreras Egana Fcp Javier Ocular tonometer using laser interferometry and ultrasound
WO2002030274A3 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-06-13 Chru Lille Method and device for detecting fundamental natural modes of vibration of an eye, by laser interferometry, and their use for measuring intraocular pressure
WO2010031395A1 (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Laser-based apparatus and method for the non-contact scanning of eyes

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FI20145205L (en) 2014-03-04 2015-09-05 Photono Oy Method and system for intraocular pressure measurements

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EP0418746A1 (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-03-27 DATRON-ELECTRONIC GmbH Method and apparatus for measuring the intro-ocular pressure
WO1993021820A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-11 Alcon Surgical, Inc. Interferometer apparatus for measuring cornea velocity

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US3882718A (en) * 1971-05-05 1975-05-13 American Optical Corp Noncontacting pressure measuring apparatus
US5148807A (en) * 1990-08-28 1992-09-22 Ohio State University Non-contact tonometer
JPH05253190A (en) * 1991-10-10 1993-10-05 Massie Res Lab Inc Non-contact type tonometer
US5375595A (en) * 1993-03-17 1994-12-27 The Regents Of The University Of Calif. Apparatus and method for non-contact, acoustic resonance determination of intraocular pressure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0354002A1 (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-07 Leica Inc. Optical alignment system for an ophthalmic instrument
EP0418746A1 (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-03-27 DATRON-ELECTRONIC GmbH Method and apparatus for measuring the intro-ocular pressure
WO1993021820A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-11 Alcon Surgical, Inc. Interferometer apparatus for measuring cornea velocity

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2116944A1 (en) * 1996-12-26 1998-07-16 Carreras Egana Fcp Javier Ocular tonometer using laser interferometry and ultrasound
WO2002030274A3 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-06-13 Chru Lille Method and device for detecting fundamental natural modes of vibration of an eye, by laser interferometry, and their use for measuring intraocular pressure
US7441898B2 (en) 2000-10-10 2008-10-28 Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire De Lille Method and apparatus for detecting natural modes of vibration of an eye by laser interferometry, and an application thereof to measuring intraocular pressure
WO2010031395A1 (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-03-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Laser-based apparatus and method for the non-contact scanning of eyes

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