WO1996026070A1 - Composite material for energy screen - Google Patents

Composite material for energy screen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996026070A1
WO1996026070A1 PCT/EP1996/000719 EP9600719W WO9626070A1 WO 1996026070 A1 WO1996026070 A1 WO 1996026070A1 EP 9600719 W EP9600719 W EP 9600719W WO 9626070 A1 WO9626070 A1 WO 9626070A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy screen
screen according
interference pigment
energy
character
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/000719
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Corneel Mathilde Verschaeren
Tony Leon Filip Daponte
Manfred Kieser
Gerhard Edler
Original Assignee
Hyplast N.V.
Merck Patent Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyplast N.V., Merck Patent Gmbh filed Critical Hyplast N.V.
Publication of WO1996026070A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996026070A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
    • C09C2200/1004—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core comprising at least one inorganic oxide, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2 or SiO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
    • C09C2200/102—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of glass or silicate material like mica or clays, e.g. kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
    • C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
    • C09C2200/302—Thickness of a layer with high refractive material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C2210/00—Special effects or uses of interference pigments
    • C09C2210/10—Optical properties in the IR-range, e.g. camouflage pigments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an energy screen reflecting infrared rays and other parts of the sunlight to control the light conditions within enclosed areas.
  • the dispersion agents serve to avoid agglomeration of the pigment particles in the polymer.
  • These comprise esters or salts of aromatic carbonic acids, glycols or hydro ⁇ carbons.
  • Antioxidants are used to avoid oxidations and colour changes during mixing and extrusion.
  • inorganic stabilizers such as barium silicate, metal salts of organic acids, phenols, amines and phosphorus compounds are used.
  • the energy screen according to the invention contains the necessary sta ⁇ bilizers and processing adjuvants in concentrations of 0.01% by weight to 3% by weight.
  • Layer a (top layer) Thickness of layer 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferrably 15 to 25 ⁇ m Polymer LLDPE, PP, preferably MLLDPE octane Additives
  • layer a comprises a UV stabilizer, for instance HALS (Hostavin N 30) in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight.
  • HALS Hostavin N 30
  • the middle layer b again comprises a UV stabilizer, for instance HALS, in an amount of 0.1 to 2% by weight.
  • a UV stabilizer for instance HALS
  • Layer b contains the entire amount of interference pigment, for instance Iri ⁇ odin® 9735 WR, in a concentration of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight.
  • the interference pigment may also be distributed on each of the three layers in a concentration of 1 to 20% by weight.
  • UV stabilizer for instance HALS (Hosta- vin N 30) in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight.
  • HALS Hosta- vin N 30
  • the energy screen according to the invention is com ⁇ posed either of the three-layered foil described above or of interwoven strips of this foil.
  • the strength of this energy screen may be improved by a textile support fabric.
  • Thickness of layer 40 ⁇ m
  • Polymer EVA having a vinyl acetate content of
  • Interference pigment 4% by weight of Iriodin® 9235 (green) Adjuvants 0.8% by weight of benzotriazole
  • An energy screen was manufactured in the usual manner com ⁇ prising a fabric made of foil strips, having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m and an interwoven support fabric made of 0.5 mm thick acrylic threads with a mesh of 4 mm.
  • the foil used for the fabric is 80 ⁇ m thick and con ⁇ sists of three layers.
  • the composition of the separate layers is as follows:
  • Thickness of layer 40 ⁇ m Composition as layer a

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to energy screens, comprising a polymeric material, an interference pigment and the usual stabilizers and processing adjuvants necessary for the particular polymer. Usually said interference pigment comprises a transparent carrier material in the form of platelets, coated with one or more metal oxides. Said carrier material consists generally of layered silicates, natural or synthetic mica, glass platelets or silicon dioxide platelets. According to the invention, the metal oxide may be tin, titanium, zirconium, chromium, cerium, iron or tungsten oxide. Preferably the energy screen according to the invention is multi-layered and comprises a support fabric.

Description

COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR ENERGY SCREEN
The invention relates to an energy screen reflecting infrared rays and other parts of the sunlight to control the light conditions within enclosed areas.
Energy screens are used, for instance, in green- houses, in order to avoid overheating of the greenhouse when the sunrays are too intensive. They usually consist of material that is partly light-impermeable, which can be rolled up.
In the summer, when the radiation from the sun is too strong, the material is spread out over the entire sur¬ face of the greenhouse, thereby screening the plants from too intensive sunlight. In the winter the screens are spread out during the night, in order to retain as much heat in the greenhouse as possible. The screens are arranged below or above the roof so as not to impede the work in the green¬ house.
The company Ludwig Svensson Holland BV offers an energy screen under the name "LS-Verdura screen". It com¬ prises two layers, a top layer consisting of 4 mm wide alu- minium strips and a bottom layer of a green transparant foil, made up of 4 mm wide strips, which are cross-wise interwoven with each other. The aluminium strips cover approximately 50% of the total surface. For its stabilization threads, forming squares, are woven into the screen. The function of the aluminium strips is to reflect the infrared rays causing the greenhouse to become so hot. A disadvantage is that the other parts of the visible light, which the plants can utilize, are also screened out, so that only approximately 40% of the light passes through the screen.
The green colour of the screen originates from an absorption pigment in the bottom layer of the screen. This further reduces the red and blue part of the incident light, which is useful for the plant. From DE 25 44 245 a polymethyl methacrylate glazing material for buildings and vehicles is known, containing an interference pigment for screening IR-rays having a wave length of 800 to 1500 nm. This pigment has a blue-red colour and the light coming through the glazing material has a greenish tint. The application of this glazing material in greenhouses has the disadvantage that, while parts of the visible light which the plant is unable to utilize do pass through, the red and blue part of the visible light which the plant is able to utilize, is screened out by the glazing material. The disadvantage of applying this glazing material in greenhouses is, that during periods of little sunshine too much of the short-wave infrared is reflected so that the green house is not warmed sufficiently.
WO 94 05 727 describes a composite material for the selective screening of radiation, comprising a polymer, an interference pigment and the usual stabilizers and processing adjuvants necessary for the particular polymer.
Depending on the actual application purposes, dif¬ ferent interference pigments are used. For instance for green-house foil, green interference pigments having a main reflection band in the region between 440 and 580 nm, for mulch foils red-blue interference pigments having a main reflection band between 390 and 520 nm and for foils, to influence the morphogenesis of the plant, blue interference pigments having a main reflection band between 400 and 530 nm and a second reflection band between 700 and 800 nm, are used.
So far this composite material has not been described for use as energy screen. JP 05-153,868 describes a heat-insulating coating material obtainable by laminating split fibre webs, which are prepared by splitting films of a thermoplastic synthetic resin having hydroxyl groups, in such a way that the length¬ wise and widthwise webs cross each other, followed by bonding the webs to give a mon-woven fabric, and then coating the surface of the non-woven fabric with an aluminium layer or biotite layer and a titanium dioxide layer in this order. This coating material has the disadvantage that apart from the Near Infra Red (NIR) radiation also portions of the visible light which can be utilized by the plant is screened off by said coating material.
U.S. 5,288,545 discloses a shading and insulating screen comprising several flexible, parallel flat strips extending completely flat lengthways, without overlapping one another, and some transverse as well as longitudinal water- absorbing fabric fibres interconnecting the strips and pro¬ viding free interspaces between the edges of two adjacent strips, resulting in equal permeability over the whole sur- face, and a procedure for manufacturing fabric by means of a circular or straight loom.
The purpose of the invention is to provide an energy screen which in essence only reflects the infrared rays of the incident sunlight sufficiently, while allowing those parts of the spectrum that the plants can utilize, to pass through.
According to the invention this purpose is fulfilled in the form of an energy screen comprising a transparent polymeric material, an interference pigment and the usual stabilizers and adjuvants necessary for the particular poly¬ mer.
The transparent polymeric material may be an inorganic or organic material.
As inorganic material many kinds of transparent glass may be considered. However, organic materials are pre¬ ferred.
As organic material transparent organic polymers are suitable, for instance polyolefins (co- and terpolymers) , such as for example low density polyethylene (LDPE) , linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) , medium density polyethylene (MDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) ; polypropylene; PET, whereby MDPE and medium density linear polyethelene (MLLDPE) , in particular LLDPE octane are preferred.
The interference pigment can consist e.g. of a transparent carrier material in the form of platelets, coated with one or more metal oxides or transparent platelets with a refractive index of more than 1.7. Suitable carrier materials are layered silicates, natural or synthetic mica, glass platelets and silicon diox¬ ide platelets, natural mica being preferred.
The metal oxides used may be tin, titanium, chro- mium, zirconium, cerium, iron and tungsten oxide, and prefer¬ ably titanium oxide.
The interference colour depends on the thickness of the metal oxide layer. Preferrably a pigment having a green interference colour is used. If titanium oxide is used, a layer thickness of 120 to 160 nm will produce a green inter¬ ference colour.
Commercially available interference pigments are manufactured under the trade names Afflair® and Iriodin® by E. Merck. The preferred types for application in the energy screen according to the invention are Iriodin® 235, Iriodin® 231, Iriodin® 9235 WR and Iriodin® 9735 WR.
The interference pigments in the polymeric material are present in a concetration of 0.1 to 30 % by weight, and preferrably 0.5 to 5 % by weight. A large part of the sunlight's short-wave infrared is reflected by the interference pigments appied. If a green interference pigment is used, then the green part of the incident light which is not utilized by the plant, is also reflected. In addition, the energy screen comprises stabilizers and adjuvants necessary for the processing of the particular polymer. These are dispersion agents, antioxidants and lubricants which are known to the expert.
The dispersion agents serve to avoid agglomeration of the pigment particles in the polymer. These comprise esters or salts of aromatic carbonic acids, glycols or hydro¬ carbons.
Antioxidants are used to avoid oxidations and colour changes during mixing and extrusion. To this end inorganic stabilizers such as barium silicate, metal salts of organic acids, phenols, amines and phosphorus compounds are used.
As lubricants fatty acid amides, fatty acids or fluoropolymers are used. In order to achieve a long life span for the energy screens, UV absorbers and UV stabilizers must be added. 2- hydroxyy-4-N-octoxy benzophenon and hindered amine light sta¬ bilizer (HALS) are suitable ones.
The selection of the actual compounds depends on the type of polymer and are known to the expert. The energy screen according to the invention contains the necessary sta¬ bilizers and processing adjuvants in concentrations of 0.01% by weight to 3% by weight.
The energy screen according to the invention can be applied in the form of foils, sheets and profiles as well as woven material. Manufacture may take place by the usual plas¬ tic processing methods such as moulding, extrusion or calen¬ dering.
The energy screen may comprise one or more layers, whereby a structure of more layers is preferred.
For instance a three-layer screen, comprising the layers a, b and c, has the following structure.
Layer a (top layer) Thickness of layer 1 to 100 μm, preferrably 15 to 25 μm Polymer LLDPE, PP, preferably MLLDPE octane Additives In addition, layer a comprises a UV stabilizer, for instance HALS (Hostavin N 30) in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight.
Layer b (middle layer)
Thickness of layer 1 to 100 μm, preferrably 30 to 50 μm
Polymer MDPE, PP, preferably MDPE
Additives The middle layer b again comprises a UV stabilizer, for instance HALS, in an amount of 0.1 to 2% by weight.
Layer b contains the entire amount of interference pigment, for instance Iri¬ odin® 9735 WR, in a concentration of 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. However, the interference pigment may also be distributed on each of the three layers in a concentration of 1 to 20% by weight.
Layer c (bottom layer)
Thickness of layer 1 to 100 μm, preferrably 15 to 25 μm
Polymer MLLDPE, PP, preferably MLLDPE octane
Additives UV stabilizer, for instance HALS (Hosta- vin N 30) in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight. The energy screen according to the invention is com¬ posed either of the three-layered foil described above or of interwoven strips of this foil. The strength of this energy screen may be improved by a textile support fabric.
The energy screen described above does not reflect all the short-wave infrared radiation. Therefore, in lati¬ tudes where intensive sunlight prevails, its reflection capa¬ city may not suffice. In such a case aluminiun strips are woven in, covering a maximum of one third of the screen's surface.
In comparison with the known energy screen, the screen according to the invention has a 30% higher light per¬ meability. In addition, it also reflects the green part of the sunlight's spectrum which is not utilized by the plant.
The carrier material for the interference pigment forms scatter centres for the incident light, so that a dif¬ fuse light falls onto the plants, which is very desirable. Even with very intensive UV light the green colour of the interference pigment is not bleached.
Example 1
An energy screen was manufactured in the usual manner com- prising a three-layered foil, having a thickness of 80 μm and an interwoven support fabric made of 0.5 mm thick acrylic threads with a mesh of 1 to 10 mm .
The composition of the layers is as follows: Layer a (top layer)
Thickness of layer 20 μm Polymer : EVA having a vinyl acetate content of
9% by weight.
Interference pigment: Iriodin® 9235 (green) Adjuvants 0.8% by weight of benzothiazole (UV absorber)
2.4% by weight glycerol mono stearate
(g.m.s.) .
Layer b (middle layer)
Thickness of layer : 40 μm Polymer : EVA having a vinyl acetate content of
9% by weight.
Interference pigment: Iriodin® 9235 (green) Adjuvants : 0.8% by weight of benzothiazole (UV absorber)
3.5% by weight g.m.s.
Layer c (bottom layer)
Thickness of layer 20 μm Polymer LLDPE butane
Interference pigment: 4% by weight of Iriodin® 9235 (green) Adjuvants 0.8% by weight of benzotriazole
0.2% by weight of synthetic silicon dioxide
An energy screen was manufactured in the usual manner com¬ prising a fabric made of foil strips, having a thickness of 80 μm and an interwoven support fabric made of 0.5 mm thick acrylic threads with a mesh of 4 mm.
The foil used for the fabric is 80 μm thick and con¬ sists of three layers. The composition of the separate layers is as follows:
Layer a (top layer)
Thickness of layer 20 μm Polymer LLDPE octane Interference pigment Iriodin® 97235 (manufacturer:
E. Merck)
Adjuvants 0.8% by weight of benzotriazole (UV absorber) 0.8% by weight of HALS
0.4% by weight of benzophenon
Layer b (middle layer)
Thickness of layer : 40 μm Composition as layer a
Layer c (bottom layer)
Thickness of layer : 40 μm Composition as layer a

Claims

1. An energy screen, comprising a polymeric material, an interference pigment and the usual stabilizers and processing adjuvants necessary for the particular poly¬ mer.
2. An energy screen according to claim l, character¬ ised in that the interference pigment comprises a transparent carrier material in the form of platelets, coated with one or more metal oxides.
3. An energy screen according to claim 2 , character¬ ized in that the carrier material consists of layered sili¬ cates, natural or synthetic mica, glass platelets or silicon dioxide platelets.
4. An energy screen according to claim 2, character¬ ised in that the metal oxide is tin, titanium, zirconium, chromium, cerium, iron or tungsten oxide.
5. An energy screen according to claim 1, character- ised in that the interference pigment is a green interference pigment having a main reflection band in the region between 440 and 580 nm.
6. An energy screen according to claim l, character¬ ised in that the interference pigment is a red interference pigment having two main reflection bands in the region between 370 and 480 nm and between 610 and 800 nm.
7. An energy screen according to claim 1, character¬ ised in that the polymeric material is MDPE, MLLDPE or MLLDPE octane.
8. An energy screen according to claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the energy screen is multilayered.
9. An energy screen according to claim 4, character¬ ised in that the individual layers are made of different polymeric materials.
10. An energy screen according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the energy screen comprises a support fabric.
PCT/EP1996/000719 1995-02-21 1996-02-20 Composite material for energy screen WO1996026070A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19506000 1995-02-21
DE19506000.8 1995-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996026070A1 true WO1996026070A1 (en) 1996-08-29

Family

ID=7754648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/000719 WO1996026070A1 (en) 1995-02-21 1996-02-20 Composite material for energy screen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
IL (1) IL117206A0 (en)
NL (1) NL1002394C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996026070A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6159875A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-12-12 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Treated fabric, a method of treatment and a window covering product comprising such material
EP1059338A2 (en) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-13 MERCK PATENT GmbH Agent for coating transparent surfaces
WO2003053689A1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2003-07-03 Bayer Materialscience Ag Infrared-reflective, transparent, multi-layer plastic laminates
WO2014197034A3 (en) * 2013-03-11 2015-02-19 Bayer Materialscience Llc Compositions containing polycarbonate and infrared reflective additives
WO2015052319A1 (en) 2013-10-11 2015-04-16 A. Schulman Plastics Use of particulate titanium dioxide for reducing the transmission of near-infrared radiation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2801665A1 (en) * 1977-01-17 1978-07-20 Montedison Spa COVER ELEMENT WITH SELECTIVE OPTICAL PROPERTIES
EP0143567A2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-05 COURTAULDS FILMS & PACKAGING (HOLDINGS) LTD. Decorative packaging films
WO1994005727A2 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-17 Hyplast N.V. Composite material for the screening of radiation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2801665A1 (en) * 1977-01-17 1978-07-20 Montedison Spa COVER ELEMENT WITH SELECTIVE OPTICAL PROPERTIES
EP0143567A2 (en) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-05 COURTAULDS FILMS & PACKAGING (HOLDINGS) LTD. Decorative packaging films
WO1994005727A2 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-17 Hyplast N.V. Composite material for the screening of radiation

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JEAN-PHILLIPE GAUTIER: "Un avenir en or pour les pigments nacrés", CAOUTCHOUCS & PLASTIQUES, no. 738, February 1995 (1995-02-01), pages 68 - 72, XP002005169 *
LOUIS ARMANINI: "Producing Three-Color Effects from Interference Pigments", PLASTICS ENGINEERING, December 1994 (1994-12-01), pages 31 - 33, XP002005168 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6159875A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-12-12 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Treated fabric, a method of treatment and a window covering product comprising such material
US6511705B1 (en) 1996-09-20 2003-01-28 Hunter Douglas Industries B.V. Method of treating fabric
EP1059338A2 (en) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-13 MERCK PATENT GmbH Agent for coating transparent surfaces
EP1059338A3 (en) * 1999-06-08 2001-05-02 MERCK PATENT GmbH Agent for coating transparent surfaces
WO2003053689A1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2003-07-03 Bayer Materialscience Ag Infrared-reflective, transparent, multi-layer plastic laminates
US6841240B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2005-01-11 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Multilayered article
JP2005512856A (en) * 2001-12-10 2005-05-12 バイエル・マテリアルサイエンス・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト IR reflective transparent multilayer plastic laminate
KR100966688B1 (en) * 2001-12-10 2010-06-29 바이엘 머티리얼사이언스 아게 Infrared-reflective, transparent, multi-layer plastic laminates
JP4653396B2 (en) * 2001-12-10 2011-03-16 バイエル・マテリアルサイエンス・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト IR reflective transparent multilayer plastic laminate
WO2014197034A3 (en) * 2013-03-11 2015-02-19 Bayer Materialscience Llc Compositions containing polycarbonate and infrared reflective additives
US10539715B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2020-01-21 Covestro Llc Compositions containing polycarbonate and infrared reflective additives
WO2015052319A1 (en) 2013-10-11 2015-04-16 A. Schulman Plastics Use of particulate titanium dioxide for reducing the transmission of near-infrared radiation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL117206A0 (en) 1996-06-18
NL1002394C2 (en) 1996-12-31
NL1002394A1 (en) 1996-08-23

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