WO1996023214A1 - Electrochemical planar metal/metal oxide electrode - Google Patents
Electrochemical planar metal/metal oxide electrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996023214A1 WO1996023214A1 PCT/IB1996/000068 IB9600068W WO9623214A1 WO 1996023214 A1 WO1996023214 A1 WO 1996023214A1 IB 9600068 W IB9600068 W IB 9600068W WO 9623214 A1 WO9623214 A1 WO 9623214A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- electrode
- electrically conductive
- metal oxide
- oxide electrode
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a planar metal/metal
- oxide active elect that may be employed in sensors that
- Planar sensors are typically smaller than glass sensors
- planar format of the sensors typically comprises
- planar sensors have been associated with performance
- planar pH sensors include, for example, drift in potential requiring frequent
- a planar sensor for the measurement of pH is also provided.
- the senor comprising an electrically
- nonconductive substrate having applied thereto in a
- planar format an electrically conductive material in at
- a method for preparing a pH sensor is also possible.
- the method comprising: (1) selecting an
- a method for measuring pH in a sample has also
- a C0 2 planar sensor for the measurement of C0 2 has
- the senor comprising an
- said electrolyte layer covering said metal/metal oxide electrode and said silver/silver halide electrode.
- a method for preparing a C0 2 planar sensor is also known.
- the method comprising: (1) selecting an
- a method for measuring C0 2 in a sample has also
- the method comprising: contacting a
- the invention provides an economical method of manufacturing planar pH and C0 2 sensors capable of
- FIG. 1 shows a metal/metal oxide planar sensor
- FIG. 2 shows a top view (2a) and a side view (2b)
- FIG. 3 shows a Severinghaus C0 2 type sensor.
- FIG. 4 shows a planar sensor having a metal/metal
- FIG. 5 shows a planar sensor having a metal/metal
- FIG. 6 shows a planar sensor with a metal/metal
- FIG. 7 shows a Severinghaus C0 2 type sensor.
- FIG. 8 shows the electrical circuitry used in the
- FIG. 9 is a pH response curve, as described in
- lines b ⁇ . 3 are from planar sensors (Type “B”, INVENTION) and lines c x _ 2 are from planar sensors
- FIG. 10 is a pH response curve, as described in
- FIG. 11 is a pH response curve, as described in
- the invention is suitable for use in determining
- the invention is a first step of the pH and/or C0 2 of liquid samples.
- Non-liquid samples may be prepared
- the metal paste in preparing the metal/metal oxide electrode, may be
- the paste is of a thixotropic consistency (such the
- Suitable metals include, but are not limited to,
- palladium or iridium most preferably, palladium.
- a base component is combined with the metal paste
- the base selected must be any metal/metal oxide electrode.
- the base selected must be any metal/metal oxide electrode.
- the metal paste and base combination capable of generating a metal/metal oxide when the metal paste and base combination is heated.
- the metal paste and base combination is heated.
- base is a salt, such as, for example salts of an alkali
- salt is non-hydroscopic, i.e. a salt that remains in a
- M is defined as an alkali earth metal or alkali
- H is hydrogen
- B is an anion selected from
- the most preferred base component is
- the base component is most preferably a fine
- particulate does not exceed the mesh size of the screen
- the base is used in an
- the metal paste and base prior to heating.
- the metal paste is
- mixture may be heated in the presence of air to produce
- the metal paste and base are
- the metal paste mixture is applied to the electrically
- conductive contact material on the substrate may be any
- the thickness of the metal paste mixture may be any thickness of the metal paste mixture.
- preferred substrates are of an alumina and glass binder
- nonconductive substrate such that layers can be
- sensors is preferably a noble metal, with gold most
- the electrically conductive material may be any electrically conductive material.
- conductive material is applied to the substrate.
- a dielectric coating is present
- the dielectric coating (as widely commercially
- the metal paste mixture is applied adjacent to the
- the metal paste is heated at a temperature and for a period sufficient to oxidize a portion of the metal
- the time and temperature of heating may be
- the metal paste mixture is heated
- the paste is
- the electrode may be any organic compound. Additionally the electrode may be any organic compound.
- the active metal/metal oxide electrode may be used.
- a pH sensor 5 is present
- the insulating dielectric coating 26 is
- contact area 25 is where electrical contact may be made
- a sample chamber 31 may be superimposed upon the active electrode area 15, 30 of the sensor 5 so that the fluid
- sample enters and exits through the sample tube 33 and
- the sensor chip the sensor chip
- chamber is not part of the configuration of the sensor.
- FIG. 3 shows a Severinghaus type of sensor 35 that
- This sensor 35 may be used in the measurement of C0 2 . This sensor 35
- silver/silver halide material 40 that is used as an
- electrically conductive material also has present an
- contact area 25 are insulated from the silver/silver halide electrode 39, lead 38, and contact area 37 that
- silver/silver halide electrode 39 is linearly related to
- the silver/silver is chloride.
- halide electrode may be pre-formed and plated on at
- material of substrate may be applied as a paste and
- FIG. 4 a pH sensor is shown where electrical
- the pH sensor may have present
- the cover membrane functions to protect the active electrode from the outside environment
- the cover membrane may be any material that spans across the cover membrane.
- the cover membrane may be any material that spans across the cover membrane.
- polyvinyl halide monomers More preferably
- FIG. 6 shows a sensor formatted such that an internal electrolyte 27 is superimposed over active
- Buffers that may be included are well known in the art.
- FIG. 7 shows a C0 2 Severinghaus type of sensor
- permeable membrane 28 is not permeable to acid and
- membrane 28 may be applied to the sensor by various means
- the internal silver/silver halide reference electrode provides a stable reference potential.
- a bicarbonate fill solution is typically
- metal/metal oxide electrode as may be accomplished by
- electrically conductive material is preferably heated on the substrate prior to applied the metal paste mixture
- silver/silver halide is preferably heated on the
- the dielectric coating may be heated/and or dried.
- Types "B”, "C” and D” were used in the fabrication of the planar sensors in the format shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a silk screen printing technique was used in the fabrication of the planar sensors in the format shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a
- the Ag/AgCl electrode was not used, rather a
- the wafers were made of
- electrically conductive region was applied to 15, 20, 25. Parallel to this strip, a gold strip was applied to
- a dielectric insulating material 26 (Cat. No. 9615 from E.I. DuPont DeNemours &
- the metal paste was a base and metal paste
- the gold strip was an already formed palladium oxide
- Type D sensor chips differed from Type B
- the cover membrane was a polymer
- dioctyl phthlate (a plasticizer) , 26.0 wt.% polyvinyl
- KTpClPB potassium tetra (p-chloro phenyl) borate
- Example 1 This example demonstrates a linear mV response of
- the output of the pH sensors was measured as the
- b 2 . 3 are from the Type B planar pH sensors (INVENTION) ,
- lines c x _ 2 are from the Type C planar pH sensors
- Type A glass sensors were also tested under the same
- FIG. 11 As shown, the Type D planar sensors provided
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96900408A EP0805976B1 (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical planar metal/metal oxide electrode |
DK96900408T DK0805976T3 (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical plane metal / metal oxide electrode |
JP8522756A JPH10513552A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical planar metal / metal oxide electrode |
KR1019970704988A KR19980701596A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | ELECTROCHEMICAL PLANAR METAL / METAL OXIDE ELECTRODE |
DE69630016T DE69630016T2 (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | FLAT ELECTROCHEMICAL METAL METAL OXIDE ELECTRODE |
BR9606989A BR9606989A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical planar electrode metal / metal oxide |
AT96900408T ATE250223T1 (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | FLAT ELECTROCHEMICAL METAL-METAL OXIDE ELECTRODE |
AU43987/96A AU4398796A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical planar metal/metal oxide electrode |
MXPA/A/1997/005676A MXPA97005676A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1997-07-25 | Metal electrochemical electrode / oxide from me |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US37940595A | 1995-01-27 | 1995-01-27 | |
US08/379,405 | 1995-01-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996023214A1 true WO1996023214A1 (en) | 1996-08-01 |
Family
ID=23497124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1996/000068 WO1996023214A1 (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-01-26 | Electrochemical planar metal/metal oxide electrode |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5702575A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0805976B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10513552A (en) |
KR (1) | KR19980701596A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE250223T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4398796A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9606989A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2211536A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69630016T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0805976T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2206555T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL321242A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996023214A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0759551A2 (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1997-02-26 | Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. | Planar bicarbonate sensor |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999046586A1 (en) * | 1998-03-10 | 1999-09-16 | Micronas Gmbh | Reference electrode |
KR100379792B1 (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2003-04-11 | 주식회사 아이센스 | Microchip-based carbon dioxide gas sensor |
US20060154416A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2006-07-13 | Seitz Keith W | Method of pad printing in the manufacture of capacitors |
US7116547B2 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2006-10-03 | Wilson Greatbatch Technologies, Inc. | Use of pad printing in the manufacture of capacitors |
US20100148128A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2010-06-17 | Ashish Shah | Pad printing of cathode active materials for incorporation into electrochemical cells |
KR100778237B1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-11-22 | 한국바이오시스템(주) | On-line analysis system for heavy metals |
KR101020756B1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-03-09 | 한국과학기술원 | CO2 Sensor Having Long-term Stability |
US10345258B2 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2019-07-09 | Winbond Electronics Corp. | Method for fabricating printed flexible PH sensors |
US11255811B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2022-02-22 | Case Western Reserve University | Sensor for lead detection |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3926766A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1975-12-16 | Gen Electric | Miniature probe containing multifunctional electrochemical sensing electrodes |
US4052286A (en) * | 1973-01-31 | 1977-10-04 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Solid sensor electrode |
EP0125807A2 (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1984-11-21 | Biospecific Technologies, Inc. | pH and CO2 sensing device |
EP0433261A1 (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1991-06-19 | Monsanto Company | Solid state pH sensor |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3462353A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1969-08-19 | Continental Oil Co | Reference electrodes of particular utility in anodic corrosion protection systems |
US3929609A (en) * | 1973-01-31 | 1975-12-30 | Owens Illinois Inc | Method and apparatus using solid sensor electrode |
US4007106A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1977-02-08 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Device for measuring oxygen concentration in molten-metal |
US4571292A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1986-02-18 | Case Western Reserve University | Apparatus for electrochemical measurements |
US4734184A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1988-03-29 | Diamond Sensor Systems, Inc. | Self-activating hydratable solid-state electrode apparatus |
JPH02133599A (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1990-05-22 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Production of iridium oxide film |
US5387329A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1995-02-07 | Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. | Extended use planar sensors |
US5494562A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-02-27 | Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. | Electrochemical sensors |
-
1995
- 1995-11-01 US US08/551,596 patent/US5702575A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 BR BR9606989A patent/BR9606989A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-26 ES ES96900408T patent/ES2206555T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-26 KR KR1019970704988A patent/KR19980701596A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-26 WO PCT/IB1996/000068 patent/WO1996023214A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-01-26 JP JP8522756A patent/JPH10513552A/en active Pending
- 1996-01-26 CA CA002211536A patent/CA2211536A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-26 PL PL96321242A patent/PL321242A1/en unknown
- 1996-01-26 EP EP96900408A patent/EP0805976B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-26 DE DE69630016T patent/DE69630016T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-26 AU AU43987/96A patent/AU4398796A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-26 DK DK96900408T patent/DK0805976T3/en active
- 1996-01-26 AT AT96900408T patent/ATE250223T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-07 US US08/693,554 patent/US5785830A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4052286A (en) * | 1973-01-31 | 1977-10-04 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Solid sensor electrode |
US3926766A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1975-12-16 | Gen Electric | Miniature probe containing multifunctional electrochemical sensing electrodes |
EP0125807A2 (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1984-11-21 | Biospecific Technologies, Inc. | pH and CO2 sensing device |
EP0433261A1 (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1991-06-19 | Monsanto Company | Solid state pH sensor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
M. LAMBRECHTS: "THICK-FILM VOLTAMETRIC SENSORS BASED ON RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE", SENSORS & ACTUATORS, vol. 13, no. 3, March 1988 (1988-03-01), LAUSANNE, CH, pages 287 - 292, XP002000725 * |
S. GLAB: "METAL-METAL OXIDE AND METAL OXIDE ELECTRODES AS PH SENSORS", CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 21, no. 1, 1989, pages 29 - 47, XP000568572 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0759551A2 (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1997-02-26 | Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. | Planar bicarbonate sensor |
EP0759551A3 (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1998-03-04 | Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. | Planar bicarbonate sensor |
AU699262B2 (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1998-11-26 | Chiron Diagnostics Corporation | Planar bicarbonate sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69630016D1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
ES2206555T3 (en) | 2004-05-16 |
MX9705676A (en) | 1997-10-31 |
DK0805976T3 (en) | 2004-01-12 |
BR9606989A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
ATE250223T1 (en) | 2003-10-15 |
US5785830A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
PL321242A1 (en) | 1997-11-24 |
AU4398796A (en) | 1996-08-14 |
EP0805976B1 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
CA2211536A1 (en) | 1996-08-01 |
KR19980701596A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
DE69630016T2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
EP0805976A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
JPH10513552A (en) | 1998-12-22 |
US5702575A (en) | 1997-12-30 |
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