WO1996018486A3 - Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams - Google Patents

Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996018486A3
WO1996018486A3 PCT/US1995/016370 US9516370W WO9618486A3 WO 1996018486 A3 WO1996018486 A3 WO 1996018486A3 US 9516370 W US9516370 W US 9516370W WO 9618486 A3 WO9618486 A3 WO 9618486A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
semi
continuous production
polymer sheet
gas
solid state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1995/016370
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1996018486B1 (en
WO1996018486A2 (en
Inventor
Vipin Kumar
Henry G Schirmer
Mark Roland Holl
Original Assignee
Univ Washington
Vipin Kumar
Henry G Schirmer
Mark Roland Holl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Washington, Vipin Kumar, Henry G Schirmer, Mark Roland Holl filed Critical Univ Washington
Priority to EP95944712A priority Critical patent/EP0873230B1/en
Priority to AT95944712T priority patent/ATE289908T1/en
Priority to AU48536/96A priority patent/AU4853696A/en
Priority to DE69534047T priority patent/DE69534047T2/en
Publication of WO1996018486A2 publication Critical patent/WO1996018486A2/en
Publication of WO1996018486A3 publication Critical patent/WO1996018486A3/en
Publication of WO1996018486B1 publication Critical patent/WO1996018486B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
    • B29C44/3453—Feeding the blowing agent to solid plastic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3469—Cell or pore nucleation
    • B29C44/348—Cell or pore nucleation by regulating the temperature and/or the pressure, e.g. suppression of foaming until the pressure is rapidly decreased
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/34—Chemical features in the manufacture of articles consisting of a foamed macromolecular core and a macromolecular surface layer having a higher density than the core
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/032—Impregnation of a formed object with a gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/044—Micropores, i.e. average diameter being between 0,1 micrometer and 0,1 millimeter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
    • C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
    • C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2355/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08J2323/00 - C08J2353/00
    • C08J2355/02—Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene [ABS] polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/13—Cell size and distribution control while molding a foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/83—Injection molding of polyolefin-type foam

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for the semi-continuous production of microcellular foam articles. In a preferred embodiment, a roll of polymer sheet is provided with a gas channelling means interleaved between the layers of polymer. The roll is exposed to a non-reacting gas at elevated pressure for a period of time sufficient to achieve a desired concentration of gas within the polymer. The saturated polymer sheet is then separated from the gas channelling means and bubble nucleation and growth is initiated by heating the polymer sheet. After foaming, bubble nucleation and growth is quenched by cooling the foamed polymer sheet.
PCT/US1995/016370 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams WO1996018486A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95944712A EP0873230B1 (en) 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams
AT95944712T ATE289908T1 (en) 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 SEMI-CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SOLID STATE POLYMERIC FOAM
AU48536/96A AU4853696A (en) 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams
DE69534047T DE69534047T2 (en) 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 SEMI-CONTINUOUS METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERIC FOAMS IN SOLID CONDITION

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/354,960 1994-12-13
US08/354,960 US5684055A (en) 1994-12-13 1994-12-13 Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996018486A2 WO1996018486A2 (en) 1996-06-20
WO1996018486A3 true WO1996018486A3 (en) 1996-08-29
WO1996018486B1 WO1996018486B1 (en) 1996-10-03

Family

ID=23395633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1995/016370 WO1996018486A2 (en) 1994-12-13 1995-12-12 Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5684055A (en)
EP (1) EP0873230B1 (en)
AR (1) AR000289A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE289908T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4853696A (en)
DE (1) DE69534047T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2236720T3 (en)
IL (1) IL116072A0 (en)
TR (1) TR199501569A2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996018486A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (43)

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EP0923443B1 (en) 1996-08-27 2002-11-27 Trexel Inc. Method and apparatus for polymer foam extrusion, in particular microcellular foam
US6884377B1 (en) 1996-08-27 2005-04-26 Trexel, Inc. Method and apparatus for microcellular polymer extrusion
US6884823B1 (en) 1997-01-16 2005-04-26 Trexel, Inc. Injection molding of polymeric material
US6235380B1 (en) 1997-07-24 2001-05-22 Trexel, Inc. Lamination of microcellular articles
EP1040158B2 (en) 1997-12-19 2012-04-18 Trexel, Inc. Microcellular foam extrusion/blow molding process and article made thereby
US6706223B1 (en) * 1997-12-19 2004-03-16 Trexel, Inc. Microcelluar extrusion/blow molding process and article made thereby
US6231942B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-05-15 Trexel, Inc. Method and apparatus for microcellular polypropylene extrusion, and polypropylene articles produced thereby
WO2000008091A1 (en) * 1998-08-06 2000-02-17 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Process for producing crystalline methacrylic resin and process for producing foam
US5955511A (en) * 1998-08-31 1999-09-21 Handa; Y. Paul Manufacturing ultramicrocellular polymer foams at low pressure
US6403663B1 (en) 1999-09-20 2002-06-11 North Carolina State University Method of making foamed materials using surfactants and carbon dioxide
WO2002026484A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Trexel, Inc. In-mold decorated articles and methods
US6919512B2 (en) * 2001-10-03 2005-07-19 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Field weldable connections
US20040171339A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-09-02 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Microporous polishing pads
US20050276967A1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2005-12-15 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Surface textured microporous polishing pads
US6913517B2 (en) * 2002-05-23 2005-07-05 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Microporous polishing pads
US7311862B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2007-12-25 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Method for manufacturing microporous CMP materials having controlled pore size
US7267607B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2007-09-11 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Transparent microporous materials for CMP
US7435165B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2008-10-14 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Transparent microporous materials for CMP
KR20060081655A (en) * 2003-05-17 2006-07-13 마이크로그린 폴리머스, 인코포레이티드 Method of producing thermoformed articles from gas impregnated polymer
US7585439B2 (en) * 2003-05-17 2009-09-08 Micro Green Polymers, Inc. Manufacture of fully recyclable foamed polymer from recycled material
US9296126B2 (en) * 2003-05-17 2016-03-29 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. Deep drawn microcellularly foamed polymeric containers made via solid-state gas impregnation thermoforming
US8075372B2 (en) * 2004-09-01 2011-12-13 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Polishing pad with microporous regions
ATE536995T1 (en) 2007-01-17 2011-12-15 Microgreen Polymers Inc MULTI-LAYER, FOAMED POLYMER ITEMS
US8877331B2 (en) * 2007-01-17 2014-11-04 MicroGREEN Polymers Multi-layered foamed polymeric objects having segmented and varying physical properties and related methods
JP2010521342A (en) * 2007-03-12 2010-06-24 ユニヴァーシティ オブ ワシントン Foaming method for making porous thermoplastic materials
WO2009023848A2 (en) * 2007-08-15 2009-02-19 University Of Washington Method for making shapeable microcellular poly lactic acid articles
US20100052201A1 (en) * 2008-03-03 2010-03-04 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. Foamed cellular panels and related methods
US8568125B2 (en) 2008-04-14 2013-10-29 Microgreen Polymers Inc. Roll fed flotation/impingement air ovens and related thermoforming systems for corrugation-free heating and expanding of gas impregnated thermoplastic webs
US8080194B2 (en) * 2008-06-13 2011-12-20 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. Methods and pressure vessels for solid-state microcellular processing of thermoplastic rolls or sheets
US8827197B2 (en) * 2008-11-04 2014-09-09 Microgreen Polymers Inc Apparatus and method for interleaving polymeric roll for gas impregnation and solid-state foam processing
US20110195165A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-11 Cahill John E Material and sheet for packaging bacon and/or other meats, and methods for making and using the same
WO2011133568A1 (en) 2010-04-19 2011-10-27 Microgreen Polymers, Inc A method for joining thermoplastic polymer material
ES2383747B1 (en) * 2010-11-30 2013-05-06 Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya PROCEDURE TO CONFORM CELL PET PET FROM SOLID PREFORMS
WO2012103473A2 (en) * 2011-01-27 2012-08-02 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. A microstructure for fusion bonded thermoplastic polymer material, and related methods
BR112014013535A8 (en) 2011-12-06 2017-06-13 3M Innovative Properties Co polyester substrate bonding methods
EP2820074B1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2018-06-13 Dart Container Corporation Method for infusing a gas into a thermoplastic material, and related systems
US20150119482A1 (en) 2012-04-09 2015-04-30 University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization Method to enhance cell nucleation density in solid-state foams
WO2014110594A1 (en) 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. Systems for unwinding a roll of thermoplastic material interleaved with a porous material, and related methods
WO2015042468A1 (en) * 2013-09-19 2015-03-26 Microgreen Polymers, Inc. A method for generating a microstructure in a material that includes thermoplastic polymer molecules, and related systems
CN110281520B (en) 2014-11-05 2021-06-29 耐克创新有限合伙公司 Method for preparing foam using partial mold
MX2016011125A (en) 2015-08-31 2017-02-27 Dart Container Methods and systems for continuous saturation of material, such as polymer films.
US11179871B2 (en) 2017-10-13 2021-11-23 Dart Container Corporation Microcellular foam sheet and processes of making and using
US11559928B2 (en) * 2019-02-28 2023-01-24 The University Of Toledo Microcellular materials with stress-activated pores exhibiting opto-mechanical properties and their use as sensors

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US4035458A (en) * 1975-05-29 1977-07-12 United States Gypsum Company Method of making a composite rigid foamed chair seat or the like
US4473665A (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-09-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular closed cell foams and their method of manufacture
DE3401839C1 (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-08-29 Peguform-Werke GmbH, 7805 Bötzingen Process and device for the adhesive bonding of substrates

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US4761256A (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-02 Eastman Kodak Company Method for producing microcellular foamed plastic material with smooth integral skin
US5182307A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-01-26 Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Polyethylene terephthalate foams with integral crystalline skins
US5158986A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular thermoplastic foamed with supercritical fluid
US5223545A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-06-29 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Polyethylene terephthalate foams with integral crystalline skins

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4035458A (en) * 1975-05-29 1977-07-12 United States Gypsum Company Method of making a composite rigid foamed chair seat or the like
US4473665A (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-09-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular closed cell foams and their method of manufacture
DE3401839C1 (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-08-29 Peguform-Werke GmbH, 7805 Bötzingen Process and device for the adhesive bonding of substrates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2236720T3 (en) 2005-07-16
DE69534047D1 (en) 2005-04-07
IL116072A0 (en) 1996-01-31
US5684055A (en) 1997-11-04
DE69534047T2 (en) 2006-04-13
EP0873230A2 (en) 1998-10-28
EP0873230B1 (en) 2005-03-02
TR199501569A2 (en) 1996-07-21
WO1996018486A2 (en) 1996-06-20
ATE289908T1 (en) 2005-03-15
AR000289A1 (en) 1997-06-18
AU4853696A (en) 1996-07-03

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