WO1996018229A1 - Circuit breaker with an electronic trip element and a bypass circuit - Google Patents

Circuit breaker with an electronic trip element and a bypass circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996018229A1
WO1996018229A1 PCT/DE1995/001769 DE9501769W WO9618229A1 WO 1996018229 A1 WO1996018229 A1 WO 1996018229A1 DE 9501769 W DE9501769 W DE 9501769W WO 9618229 A1 WO9618229 A1 WO 9618229A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tripping
circuit
circuit breaker
bypass circuit
current
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001769
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Holger Hochgraef
Manfred Schiller
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1996018229A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996018229A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/093—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means
    • H02H3/0935—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current with timing means the timing being determined by numerical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H02H7/222—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for switches

Definitions

  • Circuit breaker with an electronic trip unit and with a bypass circuit
  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker with an electronic release for processing adjustable parameters, in particular trip current and delay time, and with a bypass circuit to bring about an inevitable trip of the circuit breaker if the set trip current is exceeded without tripping.
  • An electronic trigger of this type has become known from DE-C-31 14 547.
  • abnormal heating is detected within a housing of the circuit breaker.
  • Such an inadmissible heating can result in a failure of the electronic release due to massive physical influences. These include in particular magnetic DC and AC fields, electric fields, high temperatures and vibrations.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the protection of a circuit breaker against destruction in the event of failure of the electronic release.
  • bypass circuit has circuit means for forming a time-dependent and current-dependent response characteristic.
  • a further protection of the circuit breaker can be achieved in that the characteristic of the bypass circuit can be changed automatically by a control unit of the electronic release as a function of parameters set for normal tripping.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a coordinate system in which a delay time is plotted against the relative value of the current, a tripping characteristic and the destruction characteristic of a circuit breaker and the response characteristic of a bypass circuit.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in addition to the tripping characteristic, a response characteristic of a bypass circuit with a current-dependent characteristic.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an automatic adaptation of the response characteristic of a bypass circuit to changes in the trigger characteristic.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically in a block diagram a circuit breaker with an electronic release and with a bypass circuit.
  • a tripping characteristic 1 is represented by a curve with the sections 2, 3 and 4.
  • the current-dependent long-term tripping takes place in accordance with Section 2, the current-independent short-time tripping according to Section 3 and the instantaneous tripping according to Section 4.
  • Another curve illustrates the destruction characteristic 5 of the circuit breaker.
  • the behavior of a bypass circuit which has been customary up to now and which has a fixed response value is shown by means of the curve 6.
  • the destruction characteristic 5 and the curve 6 overlap in such a way that the hatched areas exist in which the circuit breaker is not adequately protected by the bypass circuit.
  • FIG. 2 it will now be explained how the protection of a circuit breaker against destruction in the event of failure of its electronic release can be prevented by a bypass circuit which has a time-dependent and current-dependent characteristic.
  • the tripping characteristic 1 and the destruction characteristic 5 correspond to FIG. 1.
  • the bypass circuit has a response characteristic 7, which runs approximately parallel to the destruction characteristic 5 within it and therefore has a safety distance to the destruction characteristic 5 over the entire course. Therefore, there is no overlap between these two characteristics and therefore no unprotected area.
  • Coordinate system can be changed. Obviously, this enables the destruction characteristic curve 5 to be approximated or removed.
  • an arrow in FIG. 3 shows that the tripping characteristic 1 is shifted towards lower values of the relative current.
  • a block diagram of a circuit breaker with an electronic release and a bypass circuit is shown in the
  • FIG. 4 shown.
  • the circuit breaker is designated as a whole by 10. Its switching contacts 11 are actuated by a mechanical drive device 12 in a known manner for switching on and off.
  • Current transformers 13 or other suitable sensors provide a signal which is proportional to the current flowing and which is supplied to both an electronic trigger 14 and a bypass circuit 15.
  • the electronic release 14 actuates the mechanical drive device 12 in accordance with the release characteristic curve 1 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, while the bypass circuit 15 acts on the drive device 12 according to the response characteristic curve 7.
  • a processor unit 16 and a control unit 17 are shown in FIG. 4 as components of the electronic trigger 14.
  • the control unit includes in particular the switches, coding elements, potentiometers or similar elements to be set by the user.
  • a dashed line connection between the control unit 17 of the electronic trigger 14 and the bypass circuit 15 shows that the response characteristic 7 of the bypass circuit 15 can be changed by parameters set by the user. In this way, the shift of the response characteristic 7 indicated in FIG. 3 comes about in the same sense as the shift of the trigger characteristic 1.

Abstract

A circuit breaker (10) comprises an electronic trip element (14) for processing adjustable parameters, in particular tripping current and delay time. A bypass circuit (15) brings about forced tripping of the circuit breaker if the set tripping current is exceeded but tripping does not occur. The bypass circuit comprises circuitry components for forming a time and current-dependent characteristic response curve (7), whereby protection against destruction of the circuit breaker (10) is improved. The characteristic response curve (7) of the bypass circuit (15) can be varied automatically as a function of parameters set for the normal tripping situation.

Description

Beschreibung description
Leistungsschalter mit einem elektronischen Auslöser und mit einer UmgehungsSchaltungCircuit breaker with an electronic trip unit and with a bypass circuit
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Leistungsschalter mit einem elektronischen Auslöser zur Verarbeitung einstellbarer Parameter, insbesondere Auslösestrom und Verzögerungszeit, sowie mit einer UmgehungsSchaltung zur Herbeiführung einer zwangsläufigen Auslösung des Leistungsschalters bei einer ohne Auslösung erfolgenden Überschreitung des eingestellten Auslösestromes.The invention relates to a circuit breaker with an electronic release for processing adjustable parameters, in particular trip current and delay time, and with a bypass circuit to bring about an inevitable trip of the circuit breaker if the set trip current is exceeded without tripping.
Ein elektronischer Auslöser dieser Art ist durch die DE-C-31 14 547 bekannt geworden. Hierbei wird eine anomale Erwärmung innerhalb eines Gehäuses des Leistungsschalters erfaßt. Anlaß einer solchen unzulässigen Erwärmung kann ein Versagen des elektronischen Auslösers aufgrund massiver physikalischer Einflüsse sein. Hierzu zählen insbesondere magnetische Gleich- und Wechselfelder, elektrische Felder, hohe Temperaturen und Erschütterungen.An electronic trigger of this type has become known from DE-C-31 14 547. In this case, abnormal heating is detected within a housing of the circuit breaker. Such an inadmissible heating can result in a failure of the electronic release due to massive physical influences. These include in particular magnetic DC and AC fields, electric fields, high temperatures and vibrations.
Die Erfassung einer hohen Temperatur kann jedoch unzureichend zum Schutz eines LeistungsSchalters beim Versagen des elektronischen Auslösers sein. Dies beruht auf der Tatsache, daß die Zerstörungskennlinie eines Leistungsschalters von der Höhe des Stromes und von der Einwirkzeit dieses Stromes abhängt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Schutz eines Leistungsschalters gegen Zerstörung bei einem Versagen des elektronischen Auslösers zu verbessern.However, detecting a high temperature may be insufficient to protect a circuit breaker in the event that the electronic trip fails. This is due to the fact that the destruction characteristic of a circuit breaker depends on the level of the current and on the exposure time of this current. The invention has for its object to improve the protection of a circuit breaker against destruction in the event of failure of the electronic release.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die UmgehungsSchaltung Schaltungsmittel zur Bildung einer zeit- und stromabhängigen Ansprechkennlinie aufweist. Durch eine Auslösung nach einer solchen Kennlinie wird eine Über¬ schneidung mit der Zerstörungskennlinie des Leistungs- Schalters entweder vollständig vermieden oder auf kleine Bereiche des Stromes und der Einwirkzeit beschränkt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the bypass circuit has circuit means for forming a time-dependent and current-dependent response characteristic. By triggering according to such a characteristic, an overlap with the destruction characteristic of the power Switch either completely avoided or limited to small areas of the current and the exposure time.
Ein noch weitergehender Schutz des Leistungsschalters ist dadurch zu erreichen, daß die Kennlinie der Umgehungs- Schaltung in Abhängigkeit von für die normale Auslösung eingestellten Parametern durch eine Steuereinheit des elektronischen Auslösers selbsttätig veränderbar ist.A further protection of the circuit breaker can be achieved in that the characteristic of the bypass circuit can be changed automatically by a control unit of the electronic release as a function of parameters set for normal tripping.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Diagrammen und einem Blockschaltbild näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of diagrams and a block diagram.
Die Figur 1 zeigt in einem Koordinatensystem, in welchem eine Verzögerungszeit über dem relativen Wert des Stromes auf- getragen ist, eine Auslösekennlinie sowie die Zerstörungs¬ kennlinie eines Leistungsschalters und die Ansprechkennlinie einer UmgehungsSchaltung.FIG. 1 shows, in a coordinate system in which a delay time is plotted against the relative value of the current, a tripping characteristic and the destruction characteristic of a circuit breaker and the response characteristic of a bypass circuit.
Die Figur 2 zeigt in einer der Figur 1 entsprechenden Dar- Stellung zusätzlich zu der Auslδsekennlinie eine Ansprech¬ kennlinie einer Umgehungsschaltung mit stromabhängiger Charakteristik.In a representation corresponding to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows, in addition to the tripping characteristic, a response characteristic of a bypass circuit with a current-dependent characteristic.
In der Figur 3 ist eine selbsttätige Anpassung der Ansprech- kennlinie einer UmgehungsSchaltung an Veränderungen der Auslδsekennlinie veranschaulicht.FIG. 3 illustrates an automatic adaptation of the response characteristic of a bypass circuit to changes in the trigger characteristic.
Die Figur 4 zeigt schematisch in einem Blockschaltbild einen Leistungsschalter mit einem elektronischen Auslöser und mit einer UmgehungsSchaltung.FIG. 4 shows schematically in a block diagram a circuit breaker with an electronic release and with a bypass circuit.
In dem Diagramm gemäß der Figur 1 ist die Auslδsezeit eines elektronischen Überstromauslösers über dem relativen Strom I/In aufgetragen. Eine Auslδsekennlinie 1 ist durch einen Kurvenzug mit den Abschnitten 2, 3 und 4 dargestellt. Hierbei erfolgt die stromabhängig langzeitverzögerte Auslösung gemäß dem Abschnitt 2, die stromunabhängige kurzzeitverzögerte Auslösung gemäß dem Abschnitt 3 und die unverzögerte Auslösung gemäß dem Abschnitt 4. Ein weiterer Kurvenzug veranschaulicht die die Zerstörungskennlinie 5 des Leistungsschalters. Ferner ist das Verhalten einer bisher üblichen Umgehungsschaltung, die einen festgelegten Ansprech¬ wert besitzt, mittels des Kurvenzuges 6 dargestellt. Wie man erkennt, überschneiden sich die Zerstörungskennlinie 5 und der Kurvenzug 6 in der Weise, daß die schraffiert gezeigten Bereiche existieren, in denen der Leistungsschalter durch die UmgehungsSchaltung nicht ausreichend geschützt ist.In the diagram according to FIG. 1, the tripping time of an electronic overcurrent release is plotted against the relative current I / I n . A tripping characteristic 1 is represented by a curve with the sections 2, 3 and 4. In this case, the current-dependent long-term tripping takes place in accordance with Section 2, the current-independent short-time tripping according to Section 3 and the instantaneous tripping according to Section 4. Another curve illustrates the destruction characteristic 5 of the circuit breaker. Furthermore, the behavior of a bypass circuit which has been customary up to now and which has a fixed response value is shown by means of the curve 6. As can be seen, the destruction characteristic 5 and the curve 6 overlap in such a way that the hatched areas exist in which the circuit breaker is not adequately protected by the bypass circuit.
Anhand der Figur 2 wird nun erläutert, wie der Schutz eines Leistungsschalters gegen Zerstörung bei Versagen seines elektronischen Auslösers durch eine UmgehungsSchaltung verhindert werden kann, die eine zeit- und stromabhängige Kennlinie aufweist. In der Figur 2 entsprechen die Auslδse¬ kennlinie 1 und die Zerstörungskennlinie 5 der Figur 1. Die UmgehungsSchaltung besitzt eine Ansprechkennlinie 7, die etwa parallel zu der Zerstörungskennlinie 5 innerhalb derselben verläuft und daher im gesamten Verlauf einen Sicherheits¬ abstand zu der Zerstörungskennlinie 5 aufweist. Daher gibt es keine Überschneidung zwischen diesen beiden Kennlinien und demzufolge auch keinen ungeschützten Bereich.With reference to FIG. 2, it will now be explained how the protection of a circuit breaker against destruction in the event of failure of its electronic release can be prevented by a bypass circuit which has a time-dependent and current-dependent characteristic. In FIG. 2, the tripping characteristic 1 and the destruction characteristic 5 correspond to FIG. 1. The bypass circuit has a response characteristic 7, which runs approximately parallel to the destruction characteristic 5 within it and therefore has a safety distance to the destruction characteristic 5 over the entire course. Therefore, there is no overlap between these two characteristics and therefore no unprotected area.
Bei den Darstellungen gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 wird davon ausgegangen, daß eine Auslösekennlinie 1 mit festgelegten Parametern vorliegt. Jedoch sind diese Parameter durch den Benutzer veränderbar, so daß die Form und Lage der Auslöse- kennlinie 1 in dem Diagramm bei gleicher Skalierung desIn the representations according to FIGS. 1 and 2, it is assumed that there is a tripping characteristic 1 with fixed parameters. However, these parameters can be changed by the user, so that the shape and position of the tripping characteristic 1 in the diagram with the same scaling of the
Koordinatensystems verändert werden kann. Offensichtlich ist hierdurch eine Annäherung oder Entfernung von der Zer¬ störungskennlinie 5 möglich. In der Figur 3 ist hierzu durch einen Pfeil veranschaulicht, daß die Auslösekennlinie 1 in Richtung auf geringere Werte des relativen Stromes verschoben ist. Durch eine geeignete Ausbildung der UmgehungsSchaltung ist dafür gesorgt, daß die Ansprechkennlinie 7 der Umgehungs¬ schaltung der Verschiebung der Auslösekennlinie l folgt und somit ein größerer Abstand zu der Zerstörungskennlinie 5 erreicht wird. Hierdurch wird nicht nur der Schutz des Leistungsschalters, sondern auch der Verbraucher oder Anlagen verbesser, in deren Stromkreis sich der Leistungsschalter befindet.Coordinate system can be changed. Obviously, this enables the destruction characteristic curve 5 to be approximated or removed. For this purpose, an arrow in FIG. 3 shows that the tripping characteristic 1 is shifted towards lower values of the relative current. By a suitable design of the bypass circuit It is ensured that the response characteristic 7 of the bypass circuit follows the displacement of the trigger characteristic 1 and thus a greater distance from the destruction characteristic 5 is achieved. This not only improves the protection of the circuit breaker, but also the consumers or systems in whose circuit the circuit breaker is located.
Ein Blockschaltbild eines Leistungsschalters mit elektro- nischem Auslöser und einer UmgehungsSchaltung ist in derA block diagram of a circuit breaker with an electronic release and a bypass circuit is shown in the
Figur 4 gezeigt. Der Leistungsschalter ist als Ganzes mit 10 bezeichnet. Seine Schaltkontakte 11 werden durch eine mechanische Antriebsvorrichtung 12 in bekannter Weise zum Ein- und Ausschalten betätigt. Stromwandler 13 oder andere geeignete Sensoren stellen ein dem jeweils fließenden Strom proportionales Signal bereit, das sowohl einem elektronischen Auslöser 14 als auch einer UmgehungsSchaltung 15 zugeführt wird. Dabei betätigt der elektronische Auslöser 14 die mechanische Antriebsvorrichtung 12 nach Maßgabe der Auslösekennlinie 1 in den Figuren 1, 2 und 3, während die UmgehungsSchaltung 15 auf die Antriebsvorrichtung 12 gemäß der Ansprechkennlinie 7 einwirkt.Figure 4 shown. The circuit breaker is designated as a whole by 10. Its switching contacts 11 are actuated by a mechanical drive device 12 in a known manner for switching on and off. Current transformers 13 or other suitable sensors provide a signal which is proportional to the current flowing and which is supplied to both an electronic trigger 14 and a bypass circuit 15. The electronic release 14 actuates the mechanical drive device 12 in accordance with the release characteristic curve 1 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, while the bypass circuit 15 acts on the drive device 12 according to the response characteristic curve 7.
In der Figur 4 sind als Bestandteile des elektronischen Auslösers 14 eine Prozessoreinheit 16 und eine Steuereinheit 17 gezeigt. Zu der Steuereinheit gehören insbesondere die vom Benutzer einzustellenden Schalter, Kodierelemente, Potentiometer oder ähnliche Elemente. Durch eine gestrichelte Verbindung zwischen der Steuereinheit 17 des elektronischen Auslösers 14 und der UmgehungsSchaltung 15 ist dargestellt, daß die Ansprechkennlinie 7 der UmgehungsSchaltung 15 durch von dem Benutzer eingestellte Parameter veränderbar ist. Auf diese Weise kommt die in der Figur 3 angedeutete Verschiebung der Ansprechkennlinie 7 im gleichen Sinn wie die Verschiebung der Auslösekennlinie 1 zustande. A processor unit 16 and a control unit 17 are shown in FIG. 4 as components of the electronic trigger 14. The control unit includes in particular the switches, coding elements, potentiometers or similar elements to be set by the user. A dashed line connection between the control unit 17 of the electronic trigger 14 and the bypass circuit 15 shows that the response characteristic 7 of the bypass circuit 15 can be changed by parameters set by the user. In this way, the shift of the response characteristic 7 indicated in FIG. 3 comes about in the same sense as the shift of the trigger characteristic 1.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
l. Leistungsschalter (10) mit einem elektronischen Auslöser (14) zur Verarbeitung einstellbarer Parameter, insbesondere Auslösestrom und Verzδgerungszeit, sowie mit einerl. Circuit breaker (10) with an electronic trigger (14) for processing adjustable parameters, in particular tripping current and delay time, and with a
UmgehungsSchaltung (15) zur Herbeiführung einer zwangs¬ läufigen Auslösung des Leistungsschalters (10) bei einer ohne Auslösung erfolgenden Überschreitung des eingestellten Auslösestromes, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die UmgehungsSchaltung (15) Schaltungsmittel zur Bildung einer zeit- und stromabhängigen Ansprechkennlinie (7) aufweist.Bypass circuit (15) for bringing about a forced tripping of the circuit breaker (10) when the set tripping current is exceeded without tripping, because the bypass circuit (15) has circuit means for forming a time- and current-dependent response characteristic (7).
2. Elektronischer Auslöser nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Ansprechkennlinie (7) der UmgehungsSchaltung (15) in Abhängigkeit von für die normale Auslösung eingestellten Parametern durch eine Steuereinheit (17) des elektronischen Auslösers (14) selbsttätig veränderbar ist. 2. Electronic trigger according to claim 1, so that the response characteristic (7) of the bypass circuit (15) can be changed automatically as a function of parameters set for normal triggering by a control unit (17) of the electronic trigger (14).
PCT/DE1995/001769 1994-12-07 1995-11-30 Circuit breaker with an electronic trip element and a bypass circuit WO1996018229A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944445060 DE4445060C1 (en) 1994-12-07 1994-12-07 Power switch with electronic tripping device
DEP4445060.5 1994-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996018229A1 true WO1996018229A1 (en) 1996-06-13

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PCT/DE1995/001769 WO1996018229A1 (en) 1994-12-07 1995-11-30 Circuit breaker with an electronic trip element and a bypass circuit

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WO (1) WO1996018229A1 (en)

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DE19832591A1 (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-01-13 Siemens Ag Circuit breaker with a device for processing a current signal
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