WO1996010158A1

WO1996010158A1 - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO1996010158A1
Application number: PCT/SE1994/000890
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stellan Grunditz
Original assignee: Stellan Grunditz
Priority date: 1994-09-26
Filing date: 1994-09-26
Publication date: 1996-04-04
Also published as: AU1036395A

Abstract

A heat exchanger for fluids, such as liquids, steam, gases, etc. The heat exchanger has a closed container (10) provided with an inlet and an outlet for one fluid and heat exchanging means (22) for the other fluid provided in the container. The heat exchanging means (22) are in connection with closed inlet and outlet sections separated from the interior of the container. The heat exchanging means (22) comprise an element with two separate channels elongated in relation to the container interior, the channels at one end being connected to sealed inlet and outlet sections (36, 38). The heat exchanging means (22) have at the other end a reversion compartment for transferring the other fluid from one channel to the other channel.

Description

HEAT EXCHANGER

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for fluids, such as liquids, steam, etc. comprizing a closed container provided with an inlet and an outlet for one fluid and heat exchanging means for the other fluid provided in the container, with the means in connection with closed inlet and outlet sections separated from the interior of the container.

In known heat exchangers of this type a number of heat exchanging means are provided in the container in such a way as to being sealingly in¬ serted at their ends into the container ends, these being equipped with an inlet and an outlet respectively for the fluid passing through the heat exchanging means.

In the known cases of e.g. the mentioned types the heat exchanging means are complicated and expensive in production and in installation as the fastening of the heat exchanging means has to be made in accordance with their expansion and contraction in relation to the container. Thus, special at¬ taching devices and seals are required for the heat exchanging means.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger of the type mentioned in the beginning with the heat exchanging means having such a design as to simplify their production as well as to guarantee an effective fluid passage through the heat exchanging means.

Another object is to provide such a heat exchanger with a simple and effective connection of the heat exchanging means with the inlet and outlet sections.

These and other objects of the invention are achieved in that the inven¬ tion is provided with the characteristics specified in the attached claims.

The invention is described here below in detail in connection with the execution examples shown in the drawings, where

Figur 1 shows a longitudinal cross section of a heat exchanger according to the invention,

Figur 2 shows a cross section through the heat exchanger along line A-A in figure 1,

Figur 3 shows a cross section along line B-B in figure 1,

Figur 4 shows a cross section along line C-C in figure 2, Figur 5 shows a longitudinal cross section of an alternative embodiment of the container and the heat exchanging means,

Figur 6 shows schematically a perspective view of a heat exchanging means of the type used in the embodiments according to figures 1 to 5, Figur 7 shows a plane view of a plate used in the heat exchanging means, Figur 8 shows a way for designing a heat exchanging means, Figur 9 shows another embodiment of a heat exchanging means, Figur 10 shows a cross section through a heat exchanging means and a furt¬ her embodiment of the same,

Figur 11 shows a longitudinal cross section of another embodiment of the heat exchanger and the heat exchanging means,

Figur 12 shows a longitudinal cross section of a still another embodiment of a heat exchanging means,

Figur 13 shows a cross section along line E-E in figure 12 through a heat exchanging means,

Figur 14 shows a cross section through the heat exchanging means along line F-F in figure 12,

Figur 15 shows a longitudinal cross section through still another embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention,

Figur 16 shows a cross section along line G-G through the heat exchanger in figure 15,

Figur 17 shows a cross section along line H-H in figure 15, Figur 18 shows a detail of the portion designated by A in figure 16, Figur 19 shows a cross section along line I-I in figure 18, Figur 20 shows a longitudinal cross section through still another modified embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention, Figur 21 shows a cross section along line K-K in figure 20, and Figur 22 shows a cross section along line L-L in figure 20.

The heat exchanger shown in the embodiments according to figures 1 and 2 comprises an e.g. cylindrical container 10 with its ends provided with curved end sections 12 and 14. An inlet 16 is provided at the container enve¬ lope surface for a first fluid to be heat exchanged, an outlet 18 for said fluid being provided at the end section 12 at the lower container portion. At the upper portion of the container 10 there is at the joint between the container 10 and the end section 14 provided a partition wall 20 extending all over the container surface and separating the inside of the end section 14 from the in¬ side of the container 10. In the partition wall heat exchanging means 22 are fixed protruding down into the container along generally the whole container length. The means 22 are preferably plane with a width running generally between the wall sides of the container 10. For an adaptation to the cylindri¬ cal container the width is different for the various heat exchanging means. In the shown embodiment the number of means 22 is three, the number possibly also variating in relation to the container size and the desired heat exchanger surface.

The heat exchanging means 22 consist in the shown embodiment of two outer plates 24 provided on each side of and with distance to an interme¬ diate plate 26. For providing the space or the distance between the outer plate 24 and the intermediate plate 26 the outer plate is provided with indentations or protrusions 28 resting on the intermediate plate 26 and preferably fixed to it according to the following detailed description. The outer plates 24 are provided with a sealing lock 30 at one end, on which the intermediate plate 26 is ending shortly before the lock 30 to achieve a connection or a transition between two two spaces or channels existing between the outer plate 24 and the intermediate plate 26 respectively. At the other end of the heat exchang¬ ing means 22 these are passing through a coresponding opening in the parti¬ tion wall 20 and are fixed to the same in such a way, that the outer plates 24 and the intermediate plate 26 are providing channels emerging into the end section 14. In the end section 14 a partition wall 32 is provided separating the end section into two separated halves, the partition wall traversing the heat exchanging means shown in figures 3 and 4. By shunting the channels in the heat exchanging means by means of covers 34 in such a way, that one half of one channel is covered on one side of the partition wall and one half of the other channel is covered with covers on the other side of the partition wall in accordance with figures 3 and 4, the other heat exchanger fluid can be sup¬ plied to the heat exchanging means on that side of the partition wall, where a supply 36 is connected to the end section 14 and is disposed on the other side of the partition wall 32, where an outlet 38 is provided in the end section as indicated in the figures by means of arrows. In figure 5 a modified embodiment of the heat exchanger is shown with an inlet 16a and an outlet 8a provided on the same level in the container 10a, but on diametrically opposite sides of the container. For guiding the flow of the heat exchanger fluid from the inlet 16a to the outlet 18a guiding plates 40 are provided emanating from the container bottom between the heat ex¬ changing means 22a. As for the rest the design is the same as for the embo¬ diments according to figures 1 to 4.

In figure 6 the principle is shown for a fluid flow in the heat exchanging means. Figure 7 illustrates in a side view an outside plate 24 with spacer projections 28. Figure 8 shows, how the outside plates 24 are welded to the intermediate plate 26 at points, where the outer plate projections 28 are res¬ ting on the intermediate plate 26.

In figure 9 a modified embodiment of the heat exchanging means 22b is shown with the intermediate plate replaced by two plates 42 provided with intermediate space from each other and are at the heat exchanging means lower end connected, e.g. by means of welding, at 44 at some distance from the means end. Thus, the heat exchanging means both channels are formed by an outside plate 24b and a plate 42, respectively. In the space provided bet¬ ween the plates 42 in the heat exchanging means centre the fluid prevailing in the container (not shown) is running in heat exchanging contact via the walls 42 with the fluid in the heat exchanging means 22b.

The heat exchanger illustrated in the figures is operating as follows: The first fluid to be heat exchanged is fed via inlet 16 into the container inte¬ rior and passes along the heat exchanging means 22 outside to the outlet 18, where it leaves the container. The other fluid to be heat exchanged is fed via inlet 35 to the interior of the end section 14 on one side of the partition wall 32 dodwn into the open orifices on said side of the heat exchanging means channels and is spread over the interior surface of the heat exchanging means 22 down into their lower end, where the fluid is reversed and flows upwards through the other channel in the means 22 and out into the half of the end section 14 provided on the other side of the partition wall 32 towards the outlet 38. The heat exchanging means being provided by two outside plates 24 and an intermediate plate 26 in the embodiment shown i figures 1 to 4 a separation of the means 22 into channels is achieved in a simple way and will spread the fluid across the interior surface of the heat exchanging means 22. As only the outside plates 24 are exposed to the pressure prevailing within the container the intermediate plate can be manufactured of a thin material and the complete design thereby becomes more simple and less expensive in production.

In the cross section shown in figure 10 through a heat exchanging means a guiding plate 46 is provided in the half of the means 22c, where the fluid is entering between the outside wall 24c of the heat exchanging means and the intermediate wall 26c with the object to guide the fluid below 34c in such a way, that the fluid is spread equally across the surface of the heat ex¬ changing means 22c, as shown in the figures by means of arrows.

Figure 11 illustrates schematically a modified embodiment of the heat exchanger with heat exchanging means 22d provided with protrusions or in¬ dentations 28d being spot welded at the points of contact with the intermedi¬ ate wall 26d.

The heat exchanger shown in figure 12 is however provided with out¬ side walls 24e of the heat exchanging means 22e having longitudinal ridges or indentations 28e welded at the contact with the intermediate wall 26e with longitudinal welds 48 as illustrated in figures 12 and 14.

In figures 15 to 19 a further modified embodiment is shown of the heat exchanger according to the invention with the heat exchanging means 22f having the same design as the heat exchanging means 22 in the embodiment of figure 1 and are exchangeably fixed to the intermediate wall 20f. Parts being common with the embodiment of figures 1 to 4 are provided with the same reference numbers with an index . The heat exchanging means 22f are at their upper end next to the intermediate wall 20f provided with flanges 50 (figure 19) resting against the intermediate wall 20f via a packing or a seal provided between the flanges 50 and the intermediate wall 20f. The flanges 50 are sealingly pressed against the packing 52 and the intermediate wall 20f by means of CTOSS bars 54 resting against the flange upper side, the cross bars comprising end plates 56 provided with a tranversing bolt 58 passing through an edge flange 62 in the wall of the container 10a and pulled down towards the edge flange 62 by means of a nut 60. The desired load of the flanges 50 onto the heat exchanging means 22f is achieved by providing the bars with a height so that a space is achieved between the end plates 56 and the edge flange 62 when the flanges are sealingly pressed against the packing 52. A suitable number of bars 54, six in number in the present case, are arranged to achieve a sufficient load on the heat exchanging means 22f for fixing and sealing them to the intermediate wall 20f.

In the figures 20 to 22 a further embodiment is shown with the heat exchanging means 22g inserted alternatively from the intermediate wall 20g and from a further intermediate wall 64 aπanged at the opposite end 12g of the container lOg. The arrangement with the fluid supply and disposal to the heat exchanging means 22g is the same as previously described in connection with figures 1 to 4, i.e. with the end space separated by partition walls 32g and 66 in the inlet section and with an outlet section affiliated to the heat ex¬ changing means parts opening to the end section. These can be pemanently inserted into the intermediate walls 20g and 64 in accordance with figures 1 and 2 or are detachably inserted in accordance with figures 15 to 19.

Naturally, the illustrated and described embodiments present only examples of the invention which can be modified within the scope of the at¬ tached claims. Thus, the arrangement with fixed or detachable heat exchang¬ ing means can be used in the various embodiments even as heat exchanging means inserted from one container end or both.

Claims

C L A I M S

1. A heat exchanger for fluids such as liquids, steam, gases etc. com¬ prizing a closed container (10) provided with an inlet and an outlet for one fluid and heat exchanging means (22) for the other fluid with said means in connection with closed inlet and outlet sections separated from the interior of the container, said means (22) comprizing an element with two separated longitudinal channel sections sealed in relation to the container inside and in connection with a reversing compartment for transmitting the other fluid from one channel section to the other channel section, characterized in that the elements (22) having a plate profile are at the other end of the container (10) connected to an end portion comprizing the sealed inlet and outlet sections for the other fluid, the elements being connected by a bottom (20) in the end portion in such a way that the element channel sections are debouching into the end portion and a partition wall (32) in it separates said inlet and outlet sections and traverses the element ends, the element channel sections being alternatively open and closed (34) on both sides of the partition wall to affili¬ ate to the inlet and the outlet section, respectively.

2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the element (22) comprizes two spaced outside walls (24) and a intermediate wall (26), this one ending at a short distance from the other end so that a reversing compartment is provided for the fluid transition between the element channel sections.

3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the element (22) comprizes four spaced outside walls (24b, 42), the two outer ones (24b) at the other end being connected with a wall bridging a space and the two inner ones ending at a short distance from the two outer ones and connected by menas of a second wall bridging a space between them in a reversing compartment connecting the channel sections with each other.

4. A heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the space is achieved by means of a protruding spacing means (28) in the walls (24), e.g. by means of indentations in the same.

5. A heat exchanger according to anyone of claims 2 or 3, characteri¬ zed in that the space is achieved by means of longitudinal ridges or indenta¬ tions (28e) in the walls (24e).

6. A heat exchanger according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, characteri¬ zed in that the heat exchanging means (22) are arranged spaced side by side and inserted into the container (10) from one of its ends, at which the contai¬ ner (10) inlet (16) for the first fluid is situated, the outlet (18) for said fluid then lying at the other end of the container (10).

7. A heat exchanger according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, characteri¬ zed in that the heat exchanging means (22a) are arranged spaced side by side and inserted into the container (10a) from one of its ends with the container inlet (16a) and outlet (18a) for the first fluid arranged at opposite sides of the container at said end, guiding plates (40) being arranged at the other container end entering between the heat exchanging means and ending at a short dis¬ tance from said end of the container (10a).

8. A heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that a gui¬ ding plate (26) is provided at the open end of the element (22c) channels in such a way as to guide the second fluid in below the closed part of said channels.

9. A heat exchanger according to anyone of claims 5 to 8, characteri¬ zed in that the heat exchanging means (22f) are exchangeably fixed to the bottom (20f) of the end portion and are sealingly pressed against it by means of a bar portion (54).

10. A heat exchanger according to anyone of claims 1 to 9, characteri¬ zed in that the heat exchanging means (22g) are inserted alternatively from two different sides into the container (lOg).