WO1996008547A1 - Procede de recuperation d'une l'huile de poisson gras a faible teneur en cholesterol, et utilisation de cette huile dans les produits alimentaires - Google Patents

Procede de recuperation d'une l'huile de poisson gras a faible teneur en cholesterol, et utilisation de cette huile dans les produits alimentaires Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996008547A1
WO1996008547A1 PCT/NO1995/000164 NO9500164W WO9608547A1 WO 1996008547 A1 WO1996008547 A1 WO 1996008547A1 NO 9500164 W NO9500164 W NO 9500164W WO 9608547 A1 WO9608547 A1 WO 9608547A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
fish
press liquor
strainer
fat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1995/000164
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Åge Oterhals
Original Assignee
Sildolje- Og Sildemelindustriens Forskningsinstitutt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sildolje- Og Sildemelindustriens Forskningsinstitutt filed Critical Sildolje- Og Sildemelindustriens Forskningsinstitutt
Publication of WO1996008547A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996008547A1/fr
Priority to DK199700288A priority Critical patent/DK28897A/da
Priority to IS4444A priority patent/IS4444A/is

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
    • C11B1/08—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing by hot pressing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for extracting fish oil having a low cholesterol level from fat fish, as indicated in the introduction to claim 1.
  • a high intake of cholesterol is regarded as a risk factor with respect to the development of coronary heart diseases. For this reason there is recommended in the U.S.A. a maximum intake of cholesterol of 300 mg. per day.
  • Fish oil contains in the region of 0.4-1.6% cholesterol. The level will be dependent upon the species and the season. On using unhardened or hardened fish oil in foodstuffs, the fish oil will make a significant contribution to the total cholesterol content. In order to increase the utilisation of fish oil in foodstuffs, it is therefore desirable to lower the cholesterol level.
  • a series of patents relate to the reduction of cholesterol in fish oil. These relate to processes which by utilising chemical and/or physical conditions can lower the cholesterol level of fish oil after it is produced from fish and/or fish waste.
  • Fish oil is normally produced by coagulating and straining and/or pressing the fish.
  • the coagulation is effected by heating the fish up to a temperature of above 40°C.
  • the necessary residence time will vary with the temperature level and the size of the fish.
  • the bulk of the oil will follow the liquor phase of the process and be separated away by the use of a high g-field in a three phase decanter centrifuge or plate centrifuge.
  • the process is designed to remove as much as possible of the oil in the liquor phase and to result in one oil fraction.
  • the content of cholesterol in commercial fish oil will vary with the fat % of the fish (A.J. de Konig and T. Mol, "The cholesterol content of South African fish oil and its seasonal variation”. Fat. Sci.
  • Cholesterol and cholesteryl esters are important components of cell membranes and lipoproteins. The bulk of the cholesterol in the fish is bound up in such cell fractions or macromolecules. Depot fat in fish consists of triglycerides and is found primarily under the skin, in the muscles or in the liver. With capelin (Mallotus villosus) significant amounts are also found in the belly cavity wall, and with herring (Clupea harenqus) around the guts (V. Mohr, "Nature of fat depots in fish and principles of fat liberation". Proceedings of the third symposium on the processing of fish meal and oil, IAFMM, London, 1979, p 55- 66) . The distribution of depot fat between the individual fractions will vary with the type of fish.
  • the fat tissue consists mainly of cells where the bulk of the cell volume is filled with one or more fat drops.
  • D is the diameter of the particle
  • p p and p are respec- tively the density of the particle and of the surrounding medium and ⁇ the viscosity of the surrounding medium.
  • Strainer/press liquor can be characterised as an oil in water (o/w) dispersion and emulsion.
  • Fish oil will have a lower density than the continuous water phase in the strainer/press liquor and dispersed oil drops will therefore rise upwards. This emerges as a negative sedimentation rate in Stokes' equation. Based on the Stokes' equation it can be shown that oil drops having a diameter greater than 0.4 - 0.5 mm will have an elevation rate which results in a relatively rapid separation from the strainer/press liquor, see enclosed Figure. The coalescence of oil drops will furthermore increase the rate of separation. Oil drops having a diameter of less than 0.1 mm will have a very low elevation rate and/or will be emulsified in the strainer/press liquor. Breakage of the oil dispersion in the strainer/press liquor can, based on considerations of this kind, be divided into two periods:
  • the process according to the invention is characterised in that a fraction of the fish oil is separated from the strainer/press liquor on primary breakage of the oil dispersion.
  • the invention also relates to the utilisation of the oil produced in the process in foodstuffs.
  • the cholesterol remains bound in cell fractions and macromolecules.
  • oil from fat cells under the skin and around the belly cavity wall will form large oil drops with low cholesterol level.
  • oil from the remaining tissue fractions will form small oil drops which are emulsified in the press liquor.
  • the yield of oil with low cholesterol level will be reduced if the fish is exposed to large shearing forces during transportation and/or coagulation. Such shearing forces can cause oil from fat tissue under the skin and around the belly cavity wall to become completely or partially emulsified in the press liquor. The degree of grinding of the fish will also affect the proportion of the cholesterol bound up in cell fractions and macromolecules, which is released to the oil phase.
  • capelin appears to be particularly suited to use of the process, but other fatty fish species, such as herring (Clupea harenqus) .
  • mackerel (Scomber scombrus) .
  • horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and sand eel (Ammodvtes tobianos and Ammodvtes marinus) can be considered for use.
  • the yield of fish oil with a low cholesterol level will be dependent upon the distribution of the fat tissue in the respective fish raw material.
  • the cholesterol analyses show a significantly lower level in skimmed press liquor oil compared to oil separated from skimmed press liquor.
  • the cholesterol level lies clearly above the level which is measured in skimmed press liquor oil in Example 1.
  • Separated press liquor oil is here representative of all oil which can be extracted from the press liquor by the use of the indicated process conditions. The oil is extracted as one fraction without prior skimming.
  • the cholesterol analyses show a significantly lower level in skimmed strainer/press liquor oil compared with separated strainer/press liquor oil. Strong mechanical stirring during coagulation of the fish involved the oil being emulsified in the liquor phase to a significantly greater degree. This resulted in a lower yield and a somewhat higher cholesterol level in skimmed strainer/press liquor oil compared with Example 1.
  • Separated strainer/press liquor oil is here representative of all oil which can be extracted by the use of the indicated process conditions.
  • the cholesterol level in separated strainer/press liquor oil is comparable with the level which is observed in Example 3.
  • Capelin from the same load of raw material as in Example 1 was processed in a commercial processing plant.
  • the fish was coagulated in a continuous screw cooker, strained and pressed in a twin screw press. Suspended solids in the strainer/press liquor was removed in a two phase decantation centrifuge and oil separated out in a continuous plate centrifuge. Results:
  • the cholesterol level is significantly higher than that which was achieved in the respective skimmed press liquor and strainer/press liquor oil in Example 1 and 4.
  • oil extracted according to the invention is well suited for use in foodstuffs.
  • the oil can be considered used in both a refined unhardened and hardened form.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'extraction à partir de poissons gras tels que le capelan, d'une l'huile de poisson à faible teneur réduite en cholestérol. Selon le procédé, on soumet le poisson à la coagulation, au filtrage et au pressage de manière à obtenir une liqueur de filtrage/pressage renfermant une dispersion d'huile. On sépare une fraction d'huile de poisson à partir de la liqueur de filtrage/pressage par fractionnement primaire de la dispersion d'huile. Cette fraction présente une teneur réduite en cholestérol, ce qui la rend utilisable dans les produits alimentaires.
PCT/NO1995/000164 1994-09-15 1995-09-14 Procede de recuperation d'une l'huile de poisson gras a faible teneur en cholesterol, et utilisation de cette huile dans les produits alimentaires WO1996008547A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK199700288A DK28897A (da) 1994-09-15 1997-03-14 Fremgangsmåde til udvinding af fiskeolie med lavtkolesterolindhold fra fede fisk og anvendelse af olien i næringsmidler
IS4444A IS4444A (is) 1994-09-15 1997-03-17 Aðferð til að vinna kólesterólsnauða fiskolíu úr feitum fiski og notkun olíunnar í fæðu og fóðri

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO943424A NO180122C (no) 1994-09-15 1994-09-15 Fremgangsmåte til utvinning av fiskeolje med lavt kolesterolnivå fra fet fisk, og anvendelse av oljen i næringsmidler
NO943424 1994-09-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996008547A1 true WO1996008547A1 (fr) 1996-03-21

Family

ID=19897402

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1995/000164 WO1996008547A1 (fr) 1994-09-15 1995-09-14 Procede de recuperation d'une l'huile de poisson gras a faible teneur en cholesterol, et utilisation de cette huile dans les produits alimentaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DK (1) DK28897A (fr)
IS (1) IS4444A (fr)
NO (1) NO180122C (fr)
WO (1) WO1996008547A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880300A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-03-09 Cargill, Incorporated Phospholipid-based removal of sterols from fats and oils
US6303803B1 (en) 1997-01-31 2001-10-16 Cargill, Incorporated Removal of sterols from fats and oils
US7807848B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2010-10-05 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils
US7977498B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2011-07-12 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0335157A1 (fr) * 1988-03-26 1989-10-04 Bayer Ag Composés de polymères contenant de l'azote et solubles dans l'eau
EP0515750A2 (fr) * 1991-05-29 1992-12-02 Borden, Inc. Résine polyamide-épichlorohydrine
EP0606005A1 (fr) * 1993-01-06 1994-07-13 Dexter Speciality Materials Limited Matériau en feuille fibreux et lié

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0335157A1 (fr) * 1988-03-26 1989-10-04 Bayer Ag Composés de polymères contenant de l'azote et solubles dans l'eau
EP0515750A2 (fr) * 1991-05-29 1992-12-02 Borden, Inc. Résine polyamide-épichlorohydrine
EP0606005A1 (fr) * 1993-01-06 1994-07-13 Dexter Speciality Materials Limited Matériau en feuille fibreux et lié

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 112, no. 6, 5 February 1990 Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 38437s, PELZER ET AL. 'Wet strength agents today - tomorrow?' page 149; *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880300A (en) * 1997-01-31 1999-03-09 Cargill, Incorporated Phospholipid-based removal of sterols from fats and oils
US6303803B1 (en) 1997-01-31 2001-10-16 Cargill, Incorporated Removal of sterols from fats and oils
US7807848B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2010-10-05 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils
US7977498B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2011-07-12 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils
US8143310B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2012-03-27 Ocean Nutrition Canada Limited Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK28897A (da) 1998-04-14
NO943424D0 (no) 1994-09-15
NO180122C (no) 1997-02-19
NO943424L (no) 1996-03-18
IS4444A (is) 1997-03-17
NO180122B (no) 1996-11-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5928696A (en) Process for extracting native products which are not water-soluble from native substance mixtures by centrifugal force
US6166231A (en) Two phase extraction of oil from biomass
EP2975949B2 (fr) Procédé d'extraction de protéines de graines oléagineuses
GB2215980A (en) Method for production of an upgraded coconut product
US2742488A (en) Process for rendering animal fats
US4059604A (en) Separation of mature okra seed into component fractions
WO1996008547A1 (fr) Procede de recuperation d'une l'huile de poisson gras a faible teneur en cholesterol, et utilisation de cette huile dans les produits alimentaires
NO116647B (fr)
US2697113A (en) Method of removing protein from fatty tissue
US4619789A (en) Pretreatment process for rendering
US1892449A (en) Process of treating chocolate liquor containing proteins, starches and fats
US2377975A (en) Method of solvent extraction of oil from seeds
US2101371A (en) Oil recovery
US2413692A (en) Oil separation method for vitaminiferous protein material and the like
US2708630A (en) Treatment of packing house tankwater
GB2094334A (en) Extracting oil, protein and flour from fresh coconut meat
Harris et al. Isopropanol as a solvent for extraction of cottonseed oil. II. Separation of purified oil from miscella
JPH0667307B2 (ja) 南極えびのふっ素減量方法
US10694759B2 (en) Hot ethanol extraction of lipids from plant or animal materials
US2482141A (en) Heavy gravity liquid separation of cotton seed
SU1463743A1 (ru) Способ выделени жира из отходов при производстве майонеза
JP3845754B2 (ja) 肝油の製造方法
US1247597A (en) Process for the extraction of cocoanut-oils.
US2134163A (en) Method of preparing fish liver oils
Pérez et al. DIC intensification of the mechanical extraction of lipids by pressing

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CA IS RU

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA