WO1996007038A1

WO1996007038A1 - Arcuate brake system with fastener-free, replaceable brake lining

Info

Publication number: WO1996007038A1
Application number: PCT/US1995/010875
Authority: WO
Inventors: Walter E. Krumm, Sr.
Original assignee: Krumm Walter E Sr
Priority date: 1994-08-26
Filing date: 1995-08-28
Publication date: 1996-03-07
Also published as: EP0786056A1; BR9508774A; US5941349A; AU699422B2; CA2198341A1; US5469942A; EP0786056A4; AU3416795A

Abstract

An arcuate brake lining apparatus (10) for use with an arcuate brake drum (D) includes a brake shoe table (14) having an inner edge (18) and an outer edge (22). There is an outer lip (26) on the outer edge (22) of the brake shoe table (14). A gripper (30, 31) is detachably attached to the brake shoe table (14). An inner lip (34) is provided on the gripper (30, 31). There is at least one brake lining segment (40, 42, 44, 46) having a braking surface configured for engaging an arcuate brake drum (D). The at least one brake lining segment (40, 42, 44, 46) has an inner edge (64) and an outer edge (62), the inner edge (64) being configured for engaging the inner lip (34) of the gripper (30, 31), and the outer edge (62) being configured for engaging the outer lip (26) of the brake shoe table (14). In the method of using the arcuate brake lining apparatus (10), when the at least one brake lining segment (40, 42, 44, 46) is to be replaced, the gripper (30, 31) is removed from the brake shoe table (14), and the at least one brake lining segment (40, 42, 44, 46) is moved in a direction from the outer edge (22) of the table (14) toward its inner edge (18) for disengaging the outer edge (62) of the brake lining segment (40, 42, 44, 46) from the outer lip (26) of the table.

Description

WALTER E. KRUMM. SR.

ARCUATE BRAKE SYSTEM WITH FASTENER-FREE, REPLACEABLE BRAKE LINING

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a brake system with a fastener-free, replaceable brake lining. My invention is particularly suited for use with braking systems having arcuate brake drums. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventional drum brake systems, such as used on trucks an tractor-trailer rigs, are difficult and time-consuming to work on Accordingly, vital maintenance of the braking system is ofte deferred, which deferral of needed work can lead to diminishe braking capacity, increased wear on the components, and the like One reason maintenance is often deferred on conventional brakin systems is that the large amount of time required for servicing th system results in undesirable and uneconomic down time of th vehicle on which the system is placed.

In addition, many conventional braking systems requir replacement of bearings, seals and/or lubricants, such as whe conventional brake linings are replaced. Such replacement o bearings and seals is expensive, and time consuming. The loss o lubricants, which often occurs at an off-site location when brak repairs are necessary in the field, is not only an added expense but is also environmentally unfriendly.

Many attempts have been made to provided braking system having easily replaced components. U.S. Patent No. 5,119,909 to Shim discloses a brake sho construction having ears interfingered with a pad. Shim state that the pad can be readily removed and replaced without removin the brake pad and the shoe. Shim contemplates an optional raise ridge 130 formed on Shim pad 46 with its mating complementar groove 132 in flange 38 of shoe 20. Although Shim discloses a lu 82 which mates with recesses 86 in the embodiment of Figure 9, Shim failed to eliminate the use of fasteners, such as a screw 56 for securing the ends of the Shim pad against any movement with respect to Shim flange 38, as shown in Shim's embodiment of Figs. 6-9, for example.

U.S. Patent No. 2,229,922 to Heinze discloses a shoe having dovetail sections (Fig. 5) for mating with dovetail slots of Heinze blocks (Fig. 4) .

U.S. Patent No. 4,429,770 to Weisbrod is of interest for its disclosure of a friction lining carrier member having replaceable friction linings which have angled faces.

Both the Heinze and Weisbrod patents described immediately above are apparently time-consuming to use, and lack the simplicity of the present invention. U.S. Patent No. 2,647,592 to Tilden discloses generally the configuration of a brake lining segment being substantially aligned with a counterpart free edge of a brake drum.

U.S. Patent No. 3,367,458 to Self is of general interest for its disclosure of removing brake shoes without jacking the vehicle axle and without breaking the seals, as in most other conventional brake shoe assemblies.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a brake system which overcomes the drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art devices.

Another object of the invention is to provide a braking devic which can be inexpensively manufactured.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a brakin device which can be used without the need for specialized tools.

A still further object of the invention is to provide braking device which provides more braking force than conventiona devices having the same allotted surface area for braking.

Another object of the invention is to provide a braking devic in which the brake lining can be quickly replaced.

A further object of the invention is to provide a reduced weight braking system.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a brakin device in which the brake lining can be replaced without jackin up the vehicle on which the braking device is installed, an without the removal of the wheel associated with the brakin device.

A yet further object of the invention is to provide a brakin device in which the brake linings can be replaced without the nee to replace bearings, seals, lubricants, and/or grease fittings, fo example.

A still further object of the invention is to provide braking device in which only one wrench is needed to replace wor brake linings. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a brakin device which reduces vehicle down time.

Another object of the invention is to provide a braking device which decreases overall vehicle operating costs.

A further object of the invention is to provide a braking device which provides extended life for brake linings, as well as reduced wear on brake drum surfaces.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a braking device which offers greater stopping power by increasing the pad surface area coming into contact with the brake drum. Another object of the invention is to provide a braking device in which the possibility of damage to the brake drums by overworn brake linings is eliminated, thanks to the elimination of fasteners in the contact region between the brake drum and the brake lining.

In summary, therefore, the invention is directed to a braking device including a brake shoe table and an outer lip disposed on the outer edge of the brake shoe table. A gripper is detachably attached to the brake shoe table. An inner lip is provided on the gripper. There is a brake lining segment having a braking surface, and the brake lining segment includes an inner edge for engaging the inner lip of the gripper and an outer edge for engaging the outer lip of the brake shoe table.

The invention further includes a method of replacing an arcuate brake lining disposed within an arcuate brake drum to provide an arcuate brake lining apparatus including a brake shoe table, said brake shoe table having an inner edge and an outer edge, an outer lip disposed on said outer edge of said brake sh table, a gripper detachably attached to said brake shoe table, inner lip disposed on said gripper, and at least one brake lini segment, said at least one brake lining segment having a braki surface configured for engaging an arcuate brake drum, said least one brake lining segment having an inner edge and an out edge, said inner edge being configured for engaging said inner l of said gripper, and said outer edge being configured for engagi said outer lip of said brake shoe table, removing said gripper fro said brake shoe table, moving said at least one brake linin segment in a direction from said outer edge toward said inner edg for disengaging said outer edge from said outer lip.

The invention will be further described with reference to th following drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an arcuate brak lining apparatus according to a first preferred embodiment of th invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of respective upper an lower arcuate brake lining apparatuses mounted on a brake drum according to the invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial cross sectional view taken along line 3- of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a brake lining an gripper according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, of another preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view, similar to Fig. 1, of a further preferred embodiment of an arcuate brake lining apparatus according to the invention;

Fig. 7 is a side elevational view, similar to Fig. 2, of the further preferred embodiment of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a partial cross sectional view taken along line 8-8 of Fig. 7, of the further preferred embodiment of Fig. 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figs. 1-4 illustrate a preferred embodiment of an arcuate brake lining apparatus 10 according to the invention. Arcuate brake lining apparatus 10 is particularly suited for use with arcuate brake drums.

Brake lining apparatus 10 includes a brake shoe table 14 defining an upper surface 16 thereon. Brake shoe table 14 likewise includes an inner edge 18 and an outer edge 22. The terms "inner" and "outer" are simply for convenience, are not intended to be limiting, and can be understood to refer to the disposition of brake lining apparatus 10 with respect to the center line of a vehicle on which the brake lining apparatus 10 is located when in use.

An outer lip 26 is provided at outer edge 22, and will be described in greater detail below with respect to Fig. 4.

One or more grippers 30 and 31 are detachably attached t brake shoe table 14, such as by one or more bolts 32. Gripper 3 may include an inner lip 34 for use in cooperation with outer li 26 of brake shoe table 14, as will become more apparent below.

A braking surface 38 is provided on a first brake linin segment 40 in order to establish the desired braking force when i use adjacent the inner braking surface of a brake drum D.

It is likewise contemplated that a plurality of brake linin segments be provided, such as a second brake lining segment 42, third brake lining segment 44, and a fourth brake lining segmen 46.

A strap lock 48 is disposed between gripper 30 and bolt head 33 when in use. One or more bendable tabs 50 is provided on stra lock 48. Tabs 50 may be bent transversely to strap lock 48 int engagement with a flat edge face of bolt head 33 for preventin rotation of bolt head 33 and, hence, bolt 32 relative to brake sho table 14, whereby first and second brake lining segments 40 and 4 are retained in place on brake shoe table 14. An outer stop 52 and a first inner stop 54 are provide adjacent upper surface 16 of brake shoe table 14. In the cas where a number of brake lining segments are provided, a secon inner stop 56 can be provided, for example. A substantially fla edge 58 of second brake lining segment 42 engages a correspondin edge face 59 of first inner stop 54. There is likewise provide an edge face 61 on second inner stop 56 for abutting a substantially flat edge 60 of second brake lining segment 42.

An outer edge 62 of first brake lining segment 40, for example, preferably includes a wedge configured for engaging outer lip 26 of brake shoe table 14. An inner edge 64 of first brake lining segment 40 has an inner wedge 66 which engages inner lip 34 of gripper 30.

In the case of multiple brake lining segments, an inner edge 72 and an outer edge 74 will be provided on second brake lining segment 42. Outer edge 74 defines an outer wedge 76 for engagement with outer lip 26 of brake shoe table 14. An inner wedge 78 is provided on inner edge 72 and spaced from outer wedge 76. Inner wedge 78 engages inner edge 64 of gripper 30.

Details of a preferred embodiment of the manner in which gripper 30 retains second brake lining segment 42, for example, is explained in greater detail in the discussion of Fig. 4 below.

A brake shoe web 90 provides a frame work, typically arcuate in configuration, on which brake shoe table 14 is disposed.

A female connector 92 can be provided at one end of brake shoe web 90, female connector 92 being configured for receiving an anchor pin 94. Anchor pin 94 includes a handle 98 configured for being pulled by the user of my invention. A strap 102 is provided extending from anchor pin 94 and may be provided with a bore 104 extending therethrough. An aperture 106, which is typically threaded, is spaced from female connector 92 and substantially aligned with bore 104. A fastener, such as a bolt 108, exten through bore 104 and engages threaded aperture 106 for retaini anchor pin 94 in place within female connector 92.

A pair of free ends 110 and 112 are provided on brake shoe w 90. As can be appreciated from Figs. 1 and 2, free ends 110 a 112 allow for greater counterclockwise rotation of upper brake sh web 90 about a pivot connection 114 when anchor pin 94 has be removed, as best appreciated from viewing Fig. 2, and as describ further under OPERATION below. A spring 118 normally biases upper and lower brake shoe we 90 toward each other; i.e., spring 118 exerts a force pulling upp and lower brake shoe tables 14 toward each other and away fr inner braking surface 122 of drum D owing to the biased rotati of brake shoe webs 90 about respective anchor pins 94. Fig. 4 illustrates, on an enlarged scale, the manner in whi inner lip 34 of gripper 30 engages the corresponding inner wed 78 of second brake lining segment 42.

Inner wedge 78 includes an exterior face 132. An angled upp face 136 is likewise defined on inner wedge 78. A gap-defining face 140 of second brake lining segment 42 spaced opposed from a counterpart gap-defining face 144 of gripp 30. Gripper 30 can likewise be provided with a truncated face 148 An angled face 150 defined on gripper 30 may be configured fo mating with angled upper face 136 of inner wedge 78. An interio inner face 154 is provided on gripper 30. An exterior face 160 is provided on brake shoe web 90. As will be readily appreciated from viewing Fig. 4, along with the remaining figures, the configuration of gripper 30 is preferably such that substantially only compressive forces are exerted on the gripped first and second brake lining segments 40 and 42, for example, when in use. Thus, inner lip 34 is configured for ensuring that a gap will be maintained between gap-defining face 140 and gap-defining face 144. In that manner, substantially only compressive forces will be exerted by angled face 150 on angled upper face 136, and gap-defining face 144 will be prevented from engaging gap-defining face 140, so that inner wedge 78 will never be forced away from gap-defining face 140, which forcing away could lead to a breaking off of inner wedge 42. This can be further appreciated by considering that, even given standard manufacturing tolerances, the pieces are configured so that exterior face 132 will abut interior inner face 154 and, hence, will prevent further outward movement of inner lip 34 (i.e., to the left as viewed in Fig. 4) when bolt 32 is tightened down, whereby gap-defining face 144 is prevented from engaging gap-defining face 140.

Good results have been achieved by providing orientation symbols on the individual brake lining segments 40, 42, 44 and 46.

Although each of the four depicted brake lining segments, such as brake lining segment 40, is tapered from its leading edge to its trailing edge, and can be mated with its adjoining brake lini segment by observing the relative widths of abutting edges, it preferable that such orientation symbols, which may include t configuration of the adjacent leading and trailing edges respective brake lining segments, color coding, numbers, oth symbols, and the like, be provided.

A trailing edge 180 of brake lining segment 40 has a narrow width than leading edge 182 thereof. Trailing edge 184 adjacent, second brake lining segment 42 has substantially the sa width as leading edge 182 and is positioned adjacent thereto wh in use.

Leading edge 188 of second brake lining segment 42 can b configured substantially as a mirror image of trailing edge 192 o adjacent third brake lining segment 44. Similarly, leading edg 194 of third brake lining segment 44 has generally the sam configuration as trailing edge 198 of fourth brake lining segmen 46.

A leading edge 204 of gripper 30 is disposed adjacent trailing edge 208 of gripper 31 when in use. An orientation symbol 214 may be provided at leading edge 20 of gripper 30.

Preferably, an orientation symbol 218 which is so related t orientation symbol 214 that a user readily appreciates th relationship therebetween, is provided on trailing edge 208 o gripper 31. For example, orientation symbol 204 may comprise patch of red paint, orientation symbol 218 may comprise a like patch of red paint, and a user will readily grasp that the two red paint patches 214 and 218 are intended to be disposed adjacent each other. Likewise, an orientation symbol 222 on leading edge 188 of second brake lining element 42 will be made such that the user logically associates it with orientation symbol 224 of trailing edge 192 of third brake lining segment 44. Preferably, orientation symbol 222 is a patch of red colorant, as is orientation symbol 224, and both such orientation symbols match the red patch of orientation symbols 214 and 218.

It is likewise contemplated that a further orientation symbol 244 be provided on a face of brake shoe web 90, so that the user will readily recognize the intended final disposition and location of the brake lining segments, inasmuch as orientation symbols 256 and 258 will have logically matching meanings, such as having the same color as orientation symbol 244.

Fig. 5 illustrates, in a figure similar to Fig. 3, another preferred embodiment of my invention. Preferably, a free inner edge 171 of brake drum D will be aligned with a respective free inner edge 172 of each of first through fourth brake lining segments 40, 42, 44 and 46 when in use. Such substantial alignment of free edge 172 with free edge 171 ensures consistent wear of braking surface 122, thereby avoiding the problem of brake lining segments wearing a groove in the face of braking surface 122.

A brake shoe web 170 has a threaded fastener 174 extendin therefrom. Gripper 30 is detachably attached by use of a self locking nut 176, which may have a plastic insert 178 fo eliminating the need for a lock washer, as is well known. lackin nut 176 eliminates the need for strap lock 48 of my other preferre embodiment of the invention. Of course, under certain us conditions it may be desirable to use strap lock 48 in conjunctio with self-locking nut 176. This preferred embodiment of my invention has the adde advantage of further reducing the weight of my overall brakin system. Such weight reduction is desirable, as every increment o reduced weight translates into lower fuel costs for the operator, and added revenue thanks to the ability to transport more cargo. Figs. 6-8 illustrate a further preferred embodiment of a arcuate brake lining apparatus 300 according to the invention. Arcuate brake lining apparatus 300 is particularly suited for us with arcuate brake drums. This embodiment has fewer moving parts, fewer parts in total, and an even simpler construction than th embodiments of Figs. 1-5.

Brake lining apparatus 300 includes a brake shoe table 314 having a lining table top 318 thereon. Lining table top 318 includes an inner edge 322 and an outer edge 326. The term "inner" and "outer" are simply for convenience, are not intende to be limiting, and can be understood to refer to the dispositio of brake lining apparatus 300 with respect to the center line of a vehicle on which the brake lining apparatus 300 is located when in use.

One or more grippers 330 and 331 are attached to brake shoe table 314. Gripper 330 may include lip 334 for use in cooperation with a lip 336 of a floating gripper 340, as will become more apparent below.

A braking surface 344 is provided on a first brake lining segment 346 in order to establish the desired braking force when in use adjacent the inner braking surface 122 of brake drum D.

It is likewise contemplated that a plurality of brake lining segments be provided, such as a second brake lining segment 350, a third brake lining segment 360, and a fourth brake lining segment 370. Threaded studs 380 extend from a gripper bar 382 disposed on brake shoe table 314. Good results have been achieved when studs 380 are welded to table 314 and locking nuts 384 secure respective floating grippers 340 thereto.

An outer stop 392 and an inner stop 394 are provided adjacent upper surface 318 of brake shoe table 314. In this embodiment, a second inner stop may be omitted.

An inner edge 402 of second brake lining segment 350, for example, preferably includes a pocket 406 configured for engaging lip 338 of floating gripper 340. An outer edge of second brake lining segment 350 may be provided with a similar pocket which engages the lip of gripper 331.

Details of the manner in which floating gripper 340 retai first brake lining segment 346, for example, are shown in Fig. First brake lining segment 346 includes an outer pocket 407 and inner pocket 408. Pockets 406, 407, and 408 are shown as wedg like voids. It is contemplated that other cavities which mate wi respective lips 338, 334, and 336 be used.

A brake shoe web 410 provides a frame work, typically arcuat in configuration, on which brake shoe table 314 is disposed. A female connector 414 can be provided at one end of brak shoe web 410, as in the preferred embodiment of Figs. 1-4. Femal connector 412 is configured for receiving an anchor pin 414 Anchor pin 414 includes an anchor pin lock 418 extending fro anchor pin, which may be provided with a bore 422 extendin therethrough at an enlarged end 424 thereof. One of threaded stud 380 extends through bore 422 and is secured by nut 384 fo retaining anchor pin 414 in place within female connector 412 Enlarged end 424 may be made by flattening a portion of anchor pi lock 418, and then drilling bore 422 therethrough. A pair of free ends 428 and 430 are provided on brake shoe we 410 as in the embodiment of Figs. 1-4.

The stud 380 which secures anchor pin 414 may be attached t an extended portion 432 of gripper bar 382.

The structure of the embodiment of Figs. 6-8 may be provide with elements in common with the structure and features, such a orientation symbols, of the other embodiments. One of the main features is that even fewer parts are required to achieve the same results. Furthermore, good results have been achieved when many of the components are made of stainless steel. Stainless steel avoids the problem of rust in the structural components that makes conventional systems prone to failure. The embodiment of Figs. 6-8 may typically be made with even more weight reduction than the embodiments of Figs. 1-4 and 5. The simplified, thinner construction of this embodiment has eliminated window 82 of the embodiment of Figs. 1-4, for example.

As an alternative to color coding, it is contemplated that all four lining segments be made the same size and thickness. By constructing four identical brake lining segments, fabrication, packaging, and ultimate assembly by the end user is simplified. One manner of making it possible for each of brake lining segments 346, 350, 360, and 370 to be the same, is to remove more material from brake shoe web 410 in the region of brake lining segment 346 than is present in the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, so that lining table top 318 accepts a thicker brake lining segment 346. In a like manner, the disposition or configuration of lining table top 318 can be altered, as needed, so that all brake lining segments may be made the same size.

OPERATION In use, the preferred embodiment of Figs. 1-4 is used a follows.

Fig. 2 illustrates a pair of installed arcuate brake linin apparatuses 10, the upper one being fully installed, and the lowe one having portions thereof already removed.

To remove and replace first through fourth brake linin segments 40, 42, 44 and 46, the user first stops the vehicle, an chooses a wrench suitable for engaging bolt head 33 of bolt 32 The user simply loosens and removes the pair of bolts 32, afte having bent down bendable tabs 50 out of engagement with bolt head 33.

Gripper 30 is then disengaged from brake shoe table 14 b moving inwardly in the direction away from outer lip 26 towar inner lip 34. Window cover 84 is thus displaced and window 82 i now "open".

First brake lining segment 40 is disengaged from brake sho table 14 by likewise moving first brake lining segment 40 inwardl away from outer lip 26. Depending on the amount of room availabl to maneuver first brake lining segment 40, first brake linin segment 40 is moved substantially straight inwardly, or inwardl and slightly downwardly toward axle A. In the case wher additional space is desirable between braking surface 38 of brak lining segment 40 and corresponding braking surface 122 of brak drum D, the entire arcuate brake lining apparatus 10 can be rotate downwardly away from brake drum D.

The rotation of arcuate brake lining apparatus 10 is achieved by removing fastener 108, and then sliding anchor pin 94 inwardly out of engagement with female connectors 92. Brake shoe table 14 can then be rotated counterclockwise about connection 114, thanks to free ends 110 and 112 of female connectors 92,

As can be appreciated from Fig. 2, free ends 110 and 112 allow brake shoe web 90 to rotate further downwardly (i.e., counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 2) than if free ends 110 and 112 had been formed as a conventional full circle surrounding anchor pin 94. Additional free space F can be provided by removing material from a lower portion of brake shoe web 90 facing axle A and other such components, when arcuate brake lining apparatus 10 is installed. With brake shoe table 14 rotated counterclockwise downwardly, additional space is provided between braking surface 43 of second brake lining segment 42 and inner braking surface 122 of drum D.

To remove second brake lining segment 42 in a situation requiring the initial removal of first brake lining segment 40, one proceeds as follows.

Second brake lining segment 42 is moved inwardly away from outer lip 26 a sufficient distance to free outer wedge 76 from engagement with outer lip 26.

Second brake lining segment 42 is then moved radially outwardly away from axle A a sufficient distance to be positioned further radially outwardly than the top surface of first inner sto 54. Now second brake lining segment 42 can be translated in counterclockwise direction past first inner stop 54 to sufficiently translated position so that second brake linin segment 42 can be moved inwardly and, hence, removed completel without hitting obstacles.

In the case where obstacles are present, or where the size o the space between braking surface 43 and braking surface 122 o drum D requires the use of window 82, the user simply translate second brake lining segment 42 a sufficient distanc counterclockwise so that second brake lining segment 42 assumes th use position of first brake lining segment 40. Second brake linin segment 42 is then moved inwardly and radially downwardly throug window 82 and removed. As will be readily apparent, the removal of third brake linin segment 44 and fourth brake lining segment 46 will proceed in a analogous fashion.

The removal of first through fourth brake lining segments 40 42, 44 and 46 from the lower brake shoe table 14 will proceed i a similar fashion.

In order to install the replacement first through fourth brak lining segments 40, 42, 44 and 46, the user proceeds in essentiall a reversal of the above steps.

As will have already been noted, each one of first throug fourth brake lining segments 40, 42, 44 and 46 has a configuratio different from the other ones of the brake lining segments. Thus, it is important that each brake lining segment be placed in its intended position when in use. The attentive user will note that leading edge 188 of second brake lining segment 42 has substantially the same height, for example, as the trailing edge 192 of third brake lining segment 44. The similarity in heights between adjacent brake lining segments holds true for the other brake lining segments. To reduce the possibility of incorrect installation of my invention, I have provided for an assortment of orientation symbols, such as color-coding to make it very easy for a user to correctly install first through fourth brake lining segments 40, 42, 44 and 46.

Thus, for example, when installing fourth brake lining segment 46, which will be typically the first brake lining segment installed, the user will note orientation symbol 244 on web 90, which orientation symbol 244 may be the color blue, for example. The user finds fourth brake lining segment 46 which has orientation symbol 256 thereon, which would likewise be the color blue in this example. No other brake lining segment could be oriented with its orientation symbol facing inwardly and, hence, facing the user, so the user selects the fourth brake lining segment 46.

The user will notice that the next brake lining segment to be installed, third brake lining segment 44, will have the orientation symbol 258 at one edge thereof, and another orientation symbol 262 at the opposite edge thereof. Orientation symbol 258, the color blue in this example, must match the blue patch 244 on web 90, an orientation symbol 262, such as the color green, must match th green patch 260 (the orientation symbol on web 90) . Othe orientation symbols such as letters, numbers, and other figures ar contemplated.

Grippers 30 and 31 are installed, and bolts 32 are tightene to secure them in place. Orientation symbols, such as orientatio symbol 214 on gripper 30 are provided to give a visual confirmatio to the user that the brake lining segments have been correctl installed. Namely, the user is reassured that the orientatio symbol on the gripper 30 matches the symbol on the associate gripped brake lining segment(s) .

Use of the preferred embodiment of Figs. 6-8 is similar to th use of the other preferred embodiments. To remove and replace the brake linings, such as brake linin

344, the user removes nut 384, and withdraws anchor pin 414 fro female connector 412, as enlarged end 424 is freed from stud 380.

Brake lining apparatus 300 is then rotated downwardly to moved position as in Fig. 2, so that brake lining 346, 350, 360, and 370 may be removed. In order to remove first brake lining 344, for example, nuts 384 are removed, and then floating gripper 34 is removed from respective studs 380. The removal of floating gri per 340 has released the inner wall of pocket 408 from engagemen with lip 336. When first brake lining 346 is moved inwardly awa from brake shoe table 314, pocket 407 will be disengaged from li 334 of gripper 330.

The remaining brake linings 350, 360, and 370 may be removed in a similar manner, and in a manner analogous to the removal of brake lining segments as carried out in the previous embodiments. It can now be seen that the inventive brake lining apparatus and method of replacing a brake lining within a brake drum achieving the above objects have been realized.

In use, the invention has eliminated the need to remove the vehicle wheels or jack up the vehicle when replacing the worn out brake linings.

The inventive linings have no rivet holes, for example, to fasten the linings to the brake web; thus, in a working model of the invention, the surface area of the braking material has been increased by about 6.4 square inches, while maintaining the size of the brake linings constant. The increased area and volume of braking material has resulted in better stopping ability and longer brake lining wear and the elimination of rivet holes, for example, has eliminated the problem of dirt-filled rivet holes wearing the brake drum unevenly. By the use of the lining table top of the embodiment of Figs. 6-8, the size of the lining and, hence, the braking surface area can be increased even further. It is likewise contemplated that a two-part, or single lining be used in place of the illustrated 4 part lining. As the lining comes to the edge of the brake drum, the drum does not wear such that a lip is formed. As the drum has no li on its inner edge, there is no place for trapping dirt or water. In colder climates, when water freezes, such trapped water has le to frozen water locking conventional shoes relative to th conventional drums.

Thanks to the inventive method eliminating the need to remov the drum for changing the brake lining, no replacement of bearings, seals, and/or lubricants is necessary. Great time savings hav been realized thanks to the ready replaceability of the inventiv brake linings. In the working model, only a 9/16 wrench was neede for changing the brake lining segments. Untrained mechanics ca easily replace the worn brake lining segments.

The invention and inventive method are "environmentally happy" because there is no loss of lubricants, owing to the fact tha there is no removal of the associated vehicle wheel.

While this invention has been described as having a preferre design, it is understood that it is capable of further modifications, uses and/or adaptations of the invention followin in general the principle of the invention and including suc departures from the present disclosure as come within the known or customary practice in the art to which to invention pertains and as may be applied to the central features hereinbefore set forth, and fall within the scope of the invention and of the limits of the appended claims.

Claims

I CLAIM;

1. An arcuate brake lining apparatus for use with an arcuate brake drum, comprising: a) a brake shoe table, said brake shoe table having an inner edge and an outer edge; b) an outer lip disposed on said outer edge of said brake shoe table; c) a gripper detachably attached to said brake shoe table; d) an inner lip disposed on said gripper; and e) at least one brake lining segment, said at least one brake lining segment having a braking surface configured for engaging an arcuate brake drum, said at least one brake lining segment having an inner edge and an outer edge, said inner edge being configured for engaging said inner lip of said gripper, and said outer edge being configured for engaging said outer lip of said brake shoe table.

2. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) a stop is provided on said brake shoe table, said stop is configured for engaging said at least one brake lining segment for restricting movement thereof when said at least one brake lining segment is disposed on said brake shoe table.

3. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: a) said at least one brake lining segment having a substantially flat edge extending transversely to said inner edge and said outer edge, said flat edge being configured for engaging said stop provided on said brake shoe table.

4. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) said brake shoe table includes an upper surface, and said at least one brake lining segment is disposed adjacent said upper surface.

5. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: a) a pair of spaced apart anchors is disposed on a lower portion of said brake shoe table, and said pair of anchors is spaced from said upper surface of said brake shoe table.

6. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein: a) an anchor pin is detachably attached adjacent one of said pair of anchors.

7. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein: a) said anchor pin and said one anchor are configured for allowing said brake shoe table to pivot about the other one of said pair of anchors when said anchor pin is detached from said one anchor.

8. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) a window is defined in said brake shoe table, said window being configured for allowing said at least one brake lining segment to pass therethrough.

9. A arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 8, wherein: a) an extension is provided on said gripper, and said extension is configured for substantially covering said window in said brake shoe table when said gripper is attached thereto.

10. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) said inner edge of said at least one brake lining segment includes a wedge for engaging said inner lip.

11. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherei : a) said outer edge of said at least one brake linin segment includes a wedge for engaging said outer lip.

12. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 11, wherein: a) said braking surface of said at least one brak lining segment is arcuate, said braking surface is an upper face, and an arcuate lower face is spaced from said upper face.

13. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) said outer edge of said at least one brake linin segment includes a wedge for engaging said outer lip.

14. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in Claim 1, wherein: a) said outer edge of said at least one brake linin segment includes a pocket for engaging said outer lip.

15. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in Claim 1, wherein: a) said at least one brake lining segment includes at least two substantially identical brake lining segments.

16. An arcuate brake lining apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: a) an orientation symbol is provided on said at least one brake lining element.

17. A brake lining element comprising: a) a brake lining segment having a braking surface configured for engaging an arcuate brake drum; b) an inner edge and an outer edge disposed on said brake lining segment; c) said inner edge of said brake lining segment including a wedge; and d) said braking surface is disposed on an upper face thereof.

18. A brake lining element as defined in claim 17, wherein: a) said wedge is substantially, arcuate.

19. A brake lining element comprising: a) a brake lining segment having a braking surface configured for engaging an arcuate brake drum; b) an inner edge and an outer edge disposed on said brake lining segment; c) said inner edge of said brake lining segment including a pocket; and d) said braking surface is disposed on an upper fa thereof.

20. A method of replacing an arcuate brake lining dispose within an arcuate brake drum, comprising the steps of: a) providing an arcuate brake lining apparatu including: i) a brake shoe table, said brake shoe tabl having an inner edge and an outer edge; ii) an outer lip disposed on said outer edge o said brake shoe table; iii) a gripper detachably attached to said brak shoe table; iv) an inner lip disposed on said gripper; and v) at least one brake lining segment, said a least one brake lining segment having a braking surface configure for engaging an arcuate brake drum, said at least one brake linin segment having an inner edge and an outer edge, said inner edg being configured for engaging said inner lip of said gripper, an said outer edge being configured for engaging said outer lip o said brake shoe table; b) removing said gripper from said brake shoe table and c) moving said at least one brake lining segment in direction from said outer edge toward said inner edge fo disengaging said outer edge from said outer lip.

21. A method of replacing an arcuate brake lining as defined in claim 20, further comprising the step of: a) moving a second brake lining segment of said at least one brake lining segments in a direction from said outer edge toward said inner edge for disengaging said outer edge from said outer lip.

22. A method of replacing an arcuate brake lining as defined in claim 21, further comprising the step of: a) moving said second brake lining segment of said at least one brake lining segments in a radially outward direction away from said brake shoe table toward said arcuate brake drum.

23. A method of replacing an arcuate brake lining as defined in claim 20, further comprising the step of: a) moving said second one of said at least one brake lining segments in an arcuate direction along said arcuate brake drum.