WO1995027878A1 - Dry charge machine and method - Google Patents
Dry charge machine and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995027878A1 WO1995027878A1 PCT/US1995/003936 US9503936W WO9527878A1 WO 1995027878 A1 WO1995027878 A1 WO 1995027878A1 US 9503936 W US9503936 W US 9503936W WO 9527878 A1 WO9527878 A1 WO 9527878A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- water
- temperature
- air
- drying
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/066—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers the products to be dried being disposed on one or more containers, which may have at least partly gas-previous walls, e.g. trays or shelves in a stack
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the means for and methods of making dry charged battery plates, and in particular, to the apparatus and process for drying previously charged battery plate groups.
- a centrifugal fan 41 receives hot combusted gases from a combustion chamber 38 and mixes it with intake air which it then blows down the sloping surface in the direction the arrows shown over the charged plates.
- the hot air passes through the basket and thence through a support means 19, and through a baffle means 28 and into a cooling chamber 25.
- a spray nozzle 27 sprays water into the air.
- the baffle 28 is designed to prevent the mist from that spray from going back up ⁇ stream in the air flow.
- the hot air with entrained water continues in a clockwise direction and passes through a mist eliminator 39; which is in the form of a wire screening which removes the physical water droplets. It then re-enters the collecting and pre-mixing chamber 37 and becomes part of the intake air through the fan 41.
- An exhaust duct 44 is provided with a damper valve 47 ostensibly to maintain positive pressure. It is stated that the pressure in the chamber 37 is above-atmospheric.
- Intake air is supposedly controlled by the temperature of the exhaust gas in duct 43.
- the invention in its method form, generally comprises the steps of placing charged batteries or plates in a drying chamber, providing a stream of substantially oxygen-free drying gas by mixing cold, substantially oxygen-free air at high humidity with hot, substantially oxygen-free combustion gases and passing the stream of drying gas through the drying chamber containing the battery plates to be dried.
- the drying gases should be of a relatively low temperature to avoid injury to the charged battery plates; preferably not more than about 200° fahrenheit or less; the preferred range being about 100° fahrenheit to 250 ' fahrenheit, and preferably the temperature will be adjusted in the range of 170°F to 185° fahrenheit.
- the specification states that the apparatus can be regulated accurately at 180° fahrenheit if desired.
- the essence of the present invention is that the energy input in the form of heat is controlled by both the apparatus and the process, to provide maximum thermal efficiency.
- Heat is used primarily to dry the plates and minimally to reheat the air from the heat (temperature) loss due to the condensation process.
- the apparatus and method as exemplified by the Tiegel machine, used too much cooling, that is, more than what was needed.
- That machine used a spray nozzle, as well as very cold water.
- the spray nozzle caused high surface area water droplets which not only transferred heat quickly, but also created problems in that they were transferred to the plates, thereby lengthening the time it took to dry them. This created a need for even more BTU to bring the machine up to temperature.
- SUBSHIM SHEET ⁇ RULE 26 remove the moisture from the plates and to bring the process air temperature to 180°F from 120°F.
- the heat which is used for drying the plates reduces the temperature in the air from 200°F to approximately 160°F.
- An additional three degrees is used for cooling to remove the moisture from the air. Then it is brought back up to the process temperature of 200°F.
- This three degrees is the only loss; that is, the only inefficiency. It is defined as a loss because it does not contribute to evaporating moisture from the plates.
- the apparatus and method uses forty degrees of temperature change to do useful work, and three degrees that does not do useful work. Thus the thermal efficiency is approximately 90%.
- the Tiegel machine went from 180°F to 160°F during the drying process, and then 160 & F to 120°F during that portion of the process which cooled the air.
- the prior art machine had a forty degree temperature drop; which was wasted energy. Its thermal efficiency was twenty degrees for useful work and forty degrees of wasted work for total energy consumption of 60 degrees. Its thermal energy efficiency, therefore, was twenty divided by sixty, or 33%.
- No spray nozzles means not re-introducing water via droplets into the process.
- a return temperature sensor determines if the cooling water is adequate in flow and/or low enough in temperature to remove sufficient moisture from the air before reheating. This allows just the right amount of cooling to be used throughout the drying process.
- the fan is turned on only when increased flow does not produce enough cooling, and lower water temperature is required. Another method is to automatically blend the hot with the cold water coming from the cooling tower.
- the loading door is the explosion door which opens up, rather than to the side, as in the old style machines.
- the loading door is opened and shut with a pair of air cylinders (one located on each side). This prevents the door from flying open freely.
- the flame monitoring is done under microprocessor control that opens the door when the flame rod detects a loss of flame. Therefore, the door is opened before an explosive condition can be created.
- Traditionally when flame failure occurred, both combustion gas, and air were turned off immediately. This created an accident waiting to happen, because the combustible gasses were still in the oven. Therefore, the instant oxygen diffused into the firebox, an explosion or flash fire would occur. This would occur by just waiting long enough or by opening the explosion or loading door.
- the Tiegel machine actually has a special solenoid to insure rapid air shut off.
- the new approach turns off the gas and flushes out the fire box with air before combustible gases have a chance to accumulate in the fire box. This is done by opening the combustion air to full open. At the same time, the loading door is opened to eliminate the containment necessary for an explosion.
- Mist eliminator screen In areas with hard water, this screen would build up with calcium deposits that would have to be removed by soaking in hydrochloric acid
- Spray Nozzles There are no spray nozzles to clog, corrode, or wear out.
- Pressure Regulator No pressure regulator is required to control flow. This is done with a motorized valve.
- SUBSIIfUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Loading door latches: There are no loading door latches, because of reduced box pressure; reduced from 15" down to a range of 1.25 to 2.5" water column. Pressure must be positive to prevent oxygen inflow. The air cylinders that open the door also act to hold the door shut during plate drying. Pilot button: No pilot button or manual gas valve, because the machine automatically establishes a pilot. 5) Other features:
- My new insert oven comes in two parts: either one, or both, can be replaced in a matter of hours.
- the old machine required one to jack hammer out the old brick, re-brick, and allow the cement to cure. This process could take several days to weeks if the labor was not readily available.
- the old machine used a mercury bulb to monitor temperature, which would leak from time to time.
- the new machine has a thermocouple probe.
- T ⁇ e low wind velocity of the new blower is below 20 mph, so the loading door can stay open during purge with the main blower running.
- An automatic cooling control automatically turns on the cooling tower pump and/or fan to meet cooling needs.
- the new dryer achieves the same drying time with much less energy.
- the Tiegel patent contains two false assumptions: first, that air can only be sufficiently cooled to remove moisture with the high surface area water droplets that the spray nozzles provide. In addition, it failed to recognize that if you cool the air beyond a certain point, you waste heat making hot water and do not hasten the drying process significantly .
- the spray nozzles created many problems whose solution created ever higher demands for electrical power. The same drying can be achieved merely by cooling with a thin film of water that flows from the rear of the machine to the front of the machine. It was also found that if the water flowed too quickly, the drying time lengthened rather than shortened.
- SUBS 1 ⁇ U ⁇ _$_E_T(_1LE26) have been removed, such as the mist eliminator and baffle plate.
- a prototype machine incorporated a new high cfm (cubic feet per minute) low pressure design.
- the basket was redesigned to eliminate wind blockage while maintaining strength. This dropped the pressure even further, down to 1.25 inches.
- the horsepower required to move a given cfm varies with the cube of the back pressure (static pressure). Thus, if the back pressure doubles, the horsepower needed for the same cfm increases four fold.
- the air comes in to the plate at 200° F and leaves at 160° F. If the exit temperature rises above 160° degrees, it means that the amount of moisture remaining is very little or there is insufficient cooling. There is just as much moisture in the air before and after going through the plates. If the temperature is much below 150 c F., the air is very dry, but the drying is slowed, because most of the moisture is recondensing on the plates before leaving them.
- the temperature of the air just before reentering the blower to be mixed with hot combustion air should be about 153 c to 157° F. This indicates that moisture removal from the air is adequate.
- the exit water temperature of the cooling water is 140 c F., significant increases in drying time are noticed. If the temperature is at or about 115° F., the cooling is just enough. Otherwise, it is just a waste of cooling capacity and heat.
- cooling with a falling film of water that has no droplets formed drying which insures efficient use of energy, while maintaining high plate quality; and an insert oven, which reduces down time for maintenance and allows only the damaged half to be replaced, insread of having to unnecessarily replace both halves of the oven
- Figure 1 is a drawing from prior art patent 3,413,728 showing a vertical section taken through the machine described in said patent, substantially in the plane taken as indicated by the lines and arrows 1-1 in Figure 2;
- FIG. 2 is a top section view of the machine shown in Figure 1 with the cover removed in order to illustrate internal
- Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating in greater detail the placement of charged battery plates in the apparatus as shown in the prior Figures;
- Figure 4 is a vertical section of a machine in accordance with the present invention taken as in Figure 1;
- Figure 5 is a top view, partially is section, taken as a view similar to that shown in Figure 2 of the prior art;
- Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 4, except it is taken from the opposite side and is an external elevation;
- Figure 7 is a front elevation taken as indicated by the lines and arrows 7-7 in Figure 5.
- Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of the apparatus comprising the firebox shown in Figure 5;
- Figure 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus comprising the flame rod shown in Figure 5;
- Figure 10 is a psychometric chart
- Figure 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the apparatus comprising an oxygen sensor. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
- the invention comprises structural elements which are shown in Figures 4 through 9, namely there is a housing 10 made of stainless steel (shown in Figure 4 with the side wall removed), which has a door 12 which provides a closure for an opening through which the baskets 14 containing the groups
- RULE 26 of charged battery plates to be dried may be lowered into the chamber 16 for drying.
- a blower designated generally 17, for forcing hot air from the rear down into the -chamber 16 in the direction of the arrow A shown.
- a heater designated generally 21.
- FIG. 4 There is also a lower bed 29 positioned below the upper bed and extending forward of the upper bed as illustrated in Figure 4.
- the lower bed also has water introduced by means of piping 30 at its upper end designated generally 32.
- a plurality of angled strips 34, 36 Positioned running the length of each of the beds are a plurality of angled strips 34, 36 having their longitudinal bottom portions welded to the stainless steel beds 24 and 29 respectively, so that there is formed a plurality of flat channels designated generally 35 therebetween as clearly illustrated in Figure 5.
- each of the beds is another angle shaped member 31, 40 respectively positioned and dimensioned as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
- the pipes 26 and 30 run along the entire width of the beds 24 and 29 respectively, and have a plurality of holes for introducing the water.
- the holes In order to cut down on the splashing of the water, the holes communicate with flat webs 42, 43 respectively, so that the water introduced through the pipes runs down the flat webs and onto the upper surfaces of the beds without splashing.
- the air In operation, when the air progresses from the chamber 16 to the chamber 22, it would normally tend to blow the water up the sloped beds 24, 29 and indeed the slopes are arranged at an angle such that the water will eventually build up on the beds so that the static head will overcome the force of the air blowing the water up. Most preferably, the water is introduced and the air is moved at a rate such that the contact between the air and the water is just below that which would cause "white caps". The desire is to keep water particles from being entrained in the air.
- the angle members are positioned and arranged, as are the beds themselves, so that water collects along the members 31 and 40 Figure 4 and exits at the edge closest to the walls 46 and 48 as, for example, in the spaces or slots designated generally 50, 52, 54 and 56 in Figure 5.
- the flow of water and the spaces are dimensioned and designed such that the water simply runs down the sides, rather than dropping as a waterfall.
- a waterfall would cause undesirable splashing and water entrainment in the air.
- the water is collected in a trough, 58, Figure 4, from which it leaves by means of gravity into a sump (not shown) and is pumped back to a cooling tower to be thereafter reintroduced into the machinery.
- the entire chamber is insulated, which makes it possible to operate at a higher temperature and, therefore, reduce drying time of the prior art devices.
- the long fins, or angled members 34, 36 keep the water controlled, that is, keep it from scooting out of the way when the blower is on, and thus keep a wetted surface on the beds.
- the heating chamber 78 is insulated on all sides, Figure 5, with the exception of several ports.
- An internal wall 60 in the fire box, Figure 5 contains the heated air and channels it to approximately the center of the fire box heating chamber 78, where a portion of it continues to move forward and out the port, designated generally 61 in Figure 5. The remainder is channelled around the wall 60 and exits through the port, designated generally 64.
- the heated air passes into the chamber 66 Figure 7 from whence it is sucked into the suction ports designated generally 68 and 70 of the twin rotor blower designated generally 17.
- the blower blows the air out through the orifice, designated generally 72.
- the panels 74 and 76 engage the side walls and top of the housing forming chamber 16, to form an expanding chamber for introducing air on top of the plates.
- thermocouple 88 Figure 4. Once that gets to 135 " F. (below that there is insufficient evaporation from the plates) water begins to flow in at approximately 75° F.
- thermocouple 86 Figure 4.
- the plates are dry.
- thermocouple 90 By means of the thermocouple 90, the water temperature leaving is measured at 115° F to 120°. This reading is used to modulate the water and, therefore, the cooling flow.
- the process of evaporation extracts 35° to 40° F. of heat. Water leaving the plate, gets condensed into cooling water as previously stated, and goes to the cooling tower.
- a quartz tube 110 is put over the flame rod 108 to keep it hot, that is above 212 : F., and thereby prevent condensation which would inhibit electrical grounding. See Figure 9.
- the exhaust gas outlet stack 89 Figure 4 is placed near the rear of the machine proximate to the drive shaft of the blower, that is, at the lowest pressure point.
- the exhaust gas * at this point is close to "zero" pressure, whereas the pressure at the outer periphery of the blower is 1.5 inches of water.
- the exhaust stack was just after the spray nozzles on the side, and on the suction side of the main blower, before the mist eliminator. Any place in the prior art machine that there was a blockage, there was also a pressure drop.
- the pressure is read right at the fire box and thus, the machine senses if the box is going to negative pressure. If so, the machine automatically shuts off the fire.
- a zero governor is connected to the manometer to mix the gas and air.
- the machine is designed to run the burner at 100% perfect ratio, so that all the oxygen is burned. This is possible so long as air is not sucked in from the outside. Thus, it is necessary to maintain the pressure so that the machine does not go to negative pressure.
- an air seal is provided around the top front door, which is maintained in tight communication with adjoining upper walls by air cylinders on the sides of the door. These air cylinders keep pulling down against the door in order to maintain the seal.
- the controls are set up such that the instant the flame rod says there is no flame, the front door opens.
- the inboard bearings of the prior art have been replaced with outboard bearings 79, Figure 6 on the blower, thus extending their life.
- the hot gasses leaving the plates are not excessively cooled and thereby reducing the load on both the cooling water and the burner.
- the water is not turned on until a given temperature has been reached; for example, 135°F.
- the flow can be modulated down to almost no flow of water at the end of the cycle (when there is very little moisture to remove) and the exit water temperature most preferably never goes below 115°F.
- the water is being drawn out of the drying environment and this continues until the effective wet bulb temperature starts to rise up to approximately 170°F. From there the temperature rises quickly which indicates that the product has no moisture left to cause cooling of the process air. When the process air below the plates reaches 176°F the plates are considered dry; although in practice the spread can vary. The process then automatically stops, and the loading door opens up to permit the operator to remove the product.
- the drying process is controlled by the differential between the drying temperature and the wet bulb temperature. As long as the hot moist air contains moisture there is an excellent heat transfer between the water film and the drying gases. Once the water has been removed from the product, the air becomes dry and the actual heat transfer becomes quite limited on the water film.
- the stack has been moved from the wet section to an area close to the entrance of the blower; which is the low pressure portion of the machine.
- the orifice is so positioned as to reduce the amount of hot air going up the stack.
- the temperature of the exhaust gases is slightly less than the gas below the drying elements.
- the stack 89 contains a fixed reduced orifice thereby producing a positive pressure in the chamber.
- the rate of heat input to the plates is governed by the temperature and flow rate of air across the plates.
- Heat capacity of air or water vapor is about .0144 Btu per cubic foot per ° F temperature change. For example, to raise one cubic foot of air 10°F requires 0.144 Btu of energy. However, to convert liquid water to one cubic foot of water vapor requires 37 Btu. This is 256 times more energy. Therefore, the process of changing water to vapor or liquid to vapor dominates the heat transfer process.
- a small decrease in the temperature of 100% water vapor saturated air translates into a large transfer of energy. For example, changing the temperature from 155°F to 150 r in one cubic foot of water vapor saturated air releases 1.34 Btu per cubic foot of air. To get the transfer of the same amount of Btu to air which is not 100% water vapor saturated, you would need a temperature change of 93 C F per cubic foot of air.
- the energy profile of the dryer may be understood by reference to conditions in the chambers. Below the blower 155°F, 100% RH air is mixed with hot combustible air exiting from the fire box. The resulting air becomes 200°F 35% RH air leaving the blower and moving
- a wind velocity meter measures the speed of the air past the cooling beds and changes the speed of the impeller so that the air speed remains constant. This means one can always dry as fast as possible. If there is a light load in the machine, the blower runs slower. If the plates are packed, it runs faster.
- Tiegel machine had no insulation surrounding the fire box. This lead to uneven heating of the plates, because the plates near the fire box were heated both with a radiant heat from the fire box and with hot air. Thus, the plates near the fire box got too hot and the plates far away were too cold for maximum drying speed. Consequently, Tiegel recommended 180°F as the most preferable operating temperature, while it is now possible to recommend a drying temperature of 200°F as a result of insulating the fire box. This allows a process temperature twenty degrees higher than with the Tiegel dryer and thus allows a faster drying of the plates with no decomposition or auto- ignition problems.
- FIG. 8 An exploded view of the firebox construction is shown in Figure 8. Therein it will be noted that the box has been made in separate parts which are assembled and insulated, and then slid into a stainless steel sleeve 100. The parts of the firebox
- SUBSTITUTE Sri ft (RULE 26) comprise the input section 102, the gasket 104 and a terminal section 106, all made of a pre-cast, heat-tolerant material.
- the sections are assembled together and wrapped in insulation (not shown), then slid -into the sleeve as shown in the assembled condition in Figure 5. Therein, the insulation is designated 62.
- a flame rod 108, Figure 9.
- a portion of the flame rod is covered with an extended hollow quartz tube 110. It is theorized that the way the flame rod works is that one impresses a 250 AC voltage on it.
- the gas within the flame coming out of it is considered ground.
- an oxygen sensor 112 At the other end of the firebox, there is a hole designated generally 111 through which is mounted an oxygen sensor 112, shown in enlarged view in Figure 11.
- Such a sensor is very sensitive to both oxygen and carbon monoxide. Once there is a carbon monoxide present in the atmosphere, the voltage reading rises quickly. With a 60 millivolt reading, one can obtain zero percent oxygen.
- a similar oxygen sensor 114 is also provided in the stack 89, Figure 4 in the .end of the tube 115 which is open proximate to the axis of the blower.
- the sampling tube 115 communicates through the bottom of the stack and is opened all the way up to the sensor 114 for purposes of measuring oxygen content. This provides the worst possible reading, since it is located proximate to the axis of the blowers 17 and, therefore, would be sensing the most negative pressure.
- Another sensor 116 is mounted in a hole in the top of the stack 89 for the purpose of sensing temperature in the exhaust gas in case of a thermal runaway. At this point it will sense hot exhaust gas and shut the machine down.
- the positioning and design of the stack 89 has been changed from that shown in the prior art, as will be appreciated from viewing the position of the stack 44 in Figure 1 and that of the stack 89 in Figure 4.
- the stack has been moved away from the blower/heat entrance.
- a restricted opening, designated generally 118 is provided also oriented away from the heat entrance from the firebox 78.
- the restricted opening 118 is positioned so that it does not entrain the hot gasses coming from the burner. This restricted opening, and positioning prevents the monitor 116 from picking up an erroneous reading of a thermal runaway.
- the use of these sensors is for monitoring the process.
- the sensors 112 and 114 are standard parts used in automotive gas exhaust monitoring systems.
- One step in the process is to remove the water vapor from the air as the water vapor saturated air leaves the plates.
- the water vapor removal rate must be as fast as the water vapor leaves the plates. If it is too slow, the drying process slows and eventually stops, since the air becomes saturated with water.
- the new machine takes an entirely different approach in this step. Only a small temperature drop is required to remove an inadequate amount of water vapor via condensation. Any further cooling of air is a fruitless exercise. Thus the new dryer uses just enough cooling to maintain evaporative equilibrium. It has been found that a falling film of water introduced at 80°F to 85°F and leaving at 110°F to 115°F was quite adequate. The only requirement was that all the air needed to be cooled by similar amounts. Otherwise, the hot air would not cool and condense out the moisture; thus producing a mixed result. Therefore, most preferably the machine should contain a second falling film in the middle to further improve the drying speed.
- Flow is modulated to keep the water exit temperature from the dryer at 115°F.
- cooling is not started until the temperature of the air leaving the plates is above 135 C 'F. Below that temperature, the plates are not hot enough to release significant amounts of moisture. Cooling at the start of the drying cycle only increases drying time because
- SDB5IITUIE SHEET (RULE 26) it takes longer to come up to process temperature. Modulated flow of cooling also decreases the time to come up to process temperature and allows a more accurate determination of dryness. Therefore, plates are dried just enough. Historically, plates were always overdried just to make sure. Plates that were too wet, had to be formed, washed and dried all over again.
- the new dryer produces a product that has half the moisture content, in one third the time. This is achieved, in part, by not creating water droplets in the dryer that can be blown around and reintroduced into the product being dried. Further, it has been observed that the lead oxide content is also cut in half. This leads to a superior quality negative plate.
- the lower lead oxide level stems from faster drying, a tighter no leak oven and "on" air/gas ratio burning at a low firing rate.
- the new dryer also achieves this by using approximate atmospheric pressure as the reference for the zero governor. Since this approximate
- the loading door is the explosion door as well, and the blower shaft is mounted on the flange style outboard bearing, the two major sources of oxygen intrusion have been eliminated.
- the oxygen usually would get sucked in via t e main blower shaft where the pressure is the lowest and the seals are sloppy.
- the new dryer has the exhaust port right at the main impeller shaft. This eliminates the need for a damper and allows the fire box to run near atmospheric pressure. This also gives a very accurate "on" ratio burning, especially at low firing rates.
- the machine is more user-friendly for the following reasons: 1. Auto Pilot. When an operator turns on the machine, the dryer automatically purges the whole oven of any combustible gases in less than 30 seconds by having the loading door open, the main blower (10,000 CFM) on and the combustion butterfly valve open. After the purge cycle is complete it automatically turns off the main blower and drives the butterfly valve to low fire. Once this happens the pilot is ignited automatically. The moisture proof , flame rod assembly prevents false lack of flame signal due to moisture. If ignition is successful a green ready light comes on. The dryer is ready to process plates with the turn of just one switch.
- the control box displays process air, exhaust stake, "auto dry” and water outlet temperature which allows the operator to detect and correct malfunctions, such as lack of cooling, without the machine shutting down while processing plates. This eliminates unnecessary product loss. Cooling tower status is also indicated.
- a white light turns on, warning the operator that the loading door will be opening in less than 20 seconds.
- Bottom basket level to clear loading entrance is less than 50" from ground level.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show the basket in elevated and plan views.
- Each basket 14 consists of an open frame which has an internal ledge 120 upon which are placed a series of tubular structures 122 which are essentially rectangular in cross-section.
- the serrations are used to space battery plates longitudinally.
- the tubular structures 122 are movable along the basket ledge 120 in order to accommodate various widths of battery plates. It is understood by those -skilled in the art that battery plates have tabs extending from them and that these tabs can be placed within the individual serrations in order to space the plates.
- Each end of the basket has a stainless steel inverted "V” shaped wire member 126 round in cross-section welded thereto; so that the upstanding apex of the "V” is located substantially on the center line of the basket.
- a rod 128 which has two hooked-shaped members 130, 132 welded to it is inserted down between the outermost edge of the basket and the inside sidewall of the housing 10. This rod is then rotated 90 “ and lifted upwardly so that the hooks engage the respective apexes of the "V" shaped handles of the baskets 14.
- the hooks are placed a greater distance apart than the upstanding "V" shaped apexes so that the top hook engages first and begins to lift the top basket before the bottom hook engages and lifts the bottom basket.
- This basket design not only aids in air flow, but also in maximizing the number of plates that can be placed in a standard sized vessel.
- the basket is so dimensioned that there is only a slight clearance for the rods 128 to come down and engage the hooked-shaped members. This also aids in removing the baskets in that they will not, in practice, cock and jam upon withdrawal.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP95916918A EP0708904B1 (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-10 | Apparatus and method for drying charged battery plates |
US08/591,491 US5673496A (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1995-04-10 | Dry charge machine and method |
AU23793/95A AU2379395A (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-10 | Dry charge machine and method |
DE69529551T DE69529551T2 (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-10 | Device and method for drying charged battery plates |
JP08680696A JP3679190B2 (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1996-04-09 | Battery plate drying apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US22576094A | 1994-04-11 | 1994-04-11 | |
US08/225,760 | 1994-04-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1995027878A1 true WO1995027878A1 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
Family
ID=22846116
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US1995/003936 WO1995027878A1 (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-04-10 | Dry charge machine and method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0708904B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2379395A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69529551T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995027878A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007130257A2 (en) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-15 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Methods and devices for coating stent |
US7897195B2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2011-03-01 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Devices for coating stents |
CN102261829A (en) * | 2011-04-30 | 2011-11-30 | 王幸正 | Oxygen control system for pole plate dryer |
US8927050B2 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2015-01-06 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for coating a stent |
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CN103283057B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-07-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Busbar module, vehicle power source device and vehicle |
CN110676502B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江长林电子有限公司 | Manufacturing method of Bluetooth headset battery |
CN111912198A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-10 | 杭州数良科技有限公司 | Utilize airtight high temperature fast drying of atmospheric pressure stirring's cosmetics processingequipment |
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US2732631A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Convfcyuk ukyu | ||
US3413728A (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1968-12-03 | Tiegel Mfg Co | Method and apparatus for drying charged battery plates |
US4099337A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-07-11 | Wauhop Jr Billy Joe | Method of curing concrete articles by water vaporization |
US5040974A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-08-20 | Apv Baker Inc. | Internal air circulation system for lanham oven |
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US2484527A (en) * | 1945-02-01 | 1949-10-11 | Thomas H Rhoads | Method and apparatus for control of humidity |
-
1995
- 1995-04-10 AU AU23793/95A patent/AU2379395A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-10 WO PCT/US1995/003936 patent/WO1995027878A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-04-10 EP EP95916918A patent/EP0708904B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-10 DE DE69529551T patent/DE69529551T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
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US2732631A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Convfcyuk ukyu | ||
US3413728A (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1968-12-03 | Tiegel Mfg Co | Method and apparatus for drying charged battery plates |
US4099337A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-07-11 | Wauhop Jr Billy Joe | Method of curing concrete articles by water vaporization |
US5040974A (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-08-20 | Apv Baker Inc. | Internal air circulation system for lanham oven |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007130257A2 (en) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-15 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Methods and devices for coating stent |
WO2007130257A3 (en) * | 2006-05-04 | 2008-04-03 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems | Methods and devices for coating stent |
US8430057B2 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2013-04-30 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Stent support devices |
US8927050B2 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2015-01-06 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for coating a stent |
US7897195B2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2011-03-01 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Devices for coating stents |
US8691320B2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2014-04-08 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Method for coating stents |
CN102261829A (en) * | 2011-04-30 | 2011-11-30 | 王幸正 | Oxygen control system for pole plate dryer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2379395A (en) | 1995-10-30 |
EP0708904A4 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
DE69529551D1 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
EP0708904A1 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
DE69529551T2 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
EP0708904B1 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
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