WO1995027304A1 - Dispositif a basse pression et a auto-excitation pour la production automatique d'un arc - Google Patents

Dispositif a basse pression et a auto-excitation pour la production automatique d'un arc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995027304A1
WO1995027304A1 PCT/CN1995/000023 CN9500023W WO9527304A1 WO 1995027304 A1 WO1995027304 A1 WO 1995027304A1 CN 9500023 W CN9500023 W CN 9500023W WO 9527304 A1 WO9527304 A1 WO 9527304A1
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Prior art keywords
auxiliary resistance
voltage
ignition
resistance line
current
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PCT/CN1995/000023
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Min Li
Original Assignee
Min Li
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Publication date
Application filed by Min Li filed Critical Min Li
Priority to AU21341/95A priority Critical patent/AU2134195A/en
Publication of WO1995027304A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995027304A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-voltage self-starting and self-inducing orphan device. current technology
  • Gas discharge has a peak-shaped voltammetry characteristic, that is, one or more positive resistance areas and negative resistance areas, which enter the self-sustained discharge area after the ignition voltage, and some liquids or solids also have similar peak shape characteristics (such as arresters or avalanche tubes). Gas discharge also follows Baschen's law. The ignition voltage decreases as the distance between the electrodes decreases, and the sustaining voltage also has similar characteristics. Some liquids or solids cause changes in the electric field strength with the change in electrode distance, so they have a similar behavior to Gas Basin's law. Voltage characteristics. At the periphery of the ion, the ignition voltage is lower than that at the non-ion, and the lateral ignition voltage is close to the sustaining voltage.
  • Commonly used gas discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, must be equipped with a starting device or circuit in addition to the ballast.
  • the current common discharge lamps provide high-voltage ignition from external circuits and cause impact on electrodes, lamp bodies and circuits. It shortens the service life and generates electromagnetic radiation at the same time, and the operating temperature is high; the starting devices described in CN 1003772 and CN 1038901 are built-in types, and use partial discharge and heating to activate the gas to reduce the ignition voltage, but the starting For a long time, the active thermal contact switch has poor reliability and high operating temperature.
  • the middle electrode described in C 1054506 can be seen as reducing the working distance to reduce the voltage requirements, and the middle terminal becomes a new trouble; ep 0492722 ⁇ 2 uses the voltage of the middle grid to control the ignition or interruption, which requires external circuit servo control; the method that requires external circuit boost or control must generally be equipped with a special wiring circuit, which has poor compatibility with the existing fluorescent lamp circuit and high voltage. The requirements for the device are also high, or the circuit is complicated, both of which increase the cost and reduce the reliability.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a self-ignition, low-voltage, self-ignition, and self-isolation device capable of reducing the equivalent breakdown distance of ignition between main electrodes, thereby reducing the ignition voltage.
  • the invention is suitable for occasions where the ignition voltage is related to the electrode distance.
  • the main electrode voltage range mentioned in the present invention is not higher than the ignition voltage and not lower than the sustain voltage. Disclosure of the present invention
  • the invention discloses a low-voltage self-starting and self-guiding device, which is characterized in that the device includes a pair of main electrodes, and the main electrodes are filled with a working medium, and a plurality of auxiliary resistance lines are vertically placed between the main electrodes.
  • One end of the wire only makes electrical contact with one of the main electrodes at the most, and the other end extends to the other main electrode, so that there is at least one gap between the auxiliary resistance lines or between one end of the auxiliary resistance line and the main electrode, which is smaller than the distance between the main electrodes.
  • the ignition gap when a certain voltage is applied between the auxiliary resistance wires or between the auxiliary resistance wires and the electrodes, the ignition is performed in a narrower one or more ignition gaps to excite the ion body; the activated ion body ignites and ignites along the auxiliary resistance line and To extend and grow, an ion path is formed on the auxiliary resistance line to reach or approach the main electrode, so as to shorten the equivalent breakdown distance and reduce the breakdown voltage between the main electrodes.
  • the current value on the auxiliary resistance line and the shape of the ignition gap are appropriately selected, so that the ignition gap current and the ignition current density of the ignition surface are in a glow or solitary discharge state, and the ion body ignited by the auxiliary resistance line ignites ;
  • the working state of the main electrode is determined by the ionic state generated by ignition and ignition and the current density of the main electrode.
  • the ignition gap can be set according to the working substance, electrode properties, shape, and target ignition voltage, and the resistance value of the auxiliary resistance line should match the ignition gap and the working substance.
  • a current collecting device may be provided outside the auxiliary resistance line to concentrate a small longitudinal ignition and ignition current in a small interval to achieve the current density.
  • the current collecting device is provided with a lateral ignition opening K, The ignited, punctured plasma stretched into a larger space.
  • the above current collecting device may be provided outside the auxiliary resistance line.
  • the current collector can be made of a high resistance material.
  • the auxiliary resistance line can be directly connected to the main electrode; or the working cavity is led out for external control.
  • An insulation layer can be set between the external lead of the auxiliary resistance line and the main electrode to avoid excessively low breakdown voltage or excessive current flowing between the main electrode and the external control characteristic.
  • the auxiliary resistance line can be discontinuous, which is equivalent to distributing gaps in series, and the gap string with the lowest ignition voltage is ignited at the same time during ignition.
  • the auxiliary resistance line can be composed of a positive temperature threshold material (PTC), which reduces the current on the line after ignition.
  • PTC positive temperature threshold material
  • the auxiliary resistance line may be covered with a protective layer or a resistance layer.
  • Figures 1A and 1B a diagram showing the relationship between the ion body and the equivalent breakdown distance between the main electrodes
  • Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a kind of collecting device
  • Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first example of a single line structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third example dual-wire structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a second example and a third example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a lamp constructed by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of another lamp structured by the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the present invention applied to a current fluorescent lamp
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams of the principle of the device according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is an electrode pair with an ion F in the middle;
  • Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of the equivalent breakdown distance in the figure above.
  • the ion F part can be regarded as a conductor, which is equivalent to dividing the original electrode pair into two sections with a resistance R in series.
  • the DL section is a shortened breakdown distance.
  • the electrode can be regarded as an ion electrode.
  • FIG. 2 is a structure of the device according to the present invention, and illustrates the structure of the device according to the present invention. Ignition and ignition principle of auxiliary resistance line.
  • reference numerals 1 and 2 are main electrodes
  • 3 and 4 are auxiliary resistance wires
  • L is the ignition gap.
  • the auxiliary resistance wires 3 and 4 are longitudinally placed between the main electrodes 1 and 2, and one end is only electrically connected to one of the main electrodes.
  • the other end extends to the other electrode, and can also be led out; the voltage applied by applying an ignition voltage across the electrodes is all applied to one or more ignition gaps, activating the working medium between the gaps, generating ions, and
  • the auxiliary resistance line with an appropriate resistance value is selected, the current and voltage gradient generated on the resistance line are larger than the sustaining voltage ladder voltage of the working medium between the main electrodes, which guides the ion body to expand and grow, thereby exciting the electrode.
  • the current collecting device 5 is used to concentrate the ignition current in one
  • the semi-open space uses a small current to achieve the required current density. After the main electrode is broken down, the current is supplied to the ion body and is ignited by the working material outside the lateral opening device.
  • the current collecting device 5 can be composed of a high-resistance wire with a concave section.
  • the auxiliary resistance wire is placed longitudinally along the inner wall of the pit; it can also be grooved in the wall of the lamp tube to form a concave pit; a positive temperature threshold material (PTC) is used as the auxiliary resistance wire to reduce the current on the auxiliary resistance wire after ignition.
  • PTC positive temperature threshold material
  • Figure 4 is another schematic diagram of the device of the present invention; in the figure, 1 and 2 are the main electrodes and 3 is the auxiliary resistance line; after the voltage is applied, the ignition is first performed between the ignition gaps L. When the voltage gradient and current conditions are met, the ion The body ignites along the auxiliary resistance line, shortening the equivalent breakdown distance.
  • 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a third example of a two-wire structure of the present invention
  • 1, 2 are main electrodes
  • 5 is a current-limiting resistance layer
  • 6 is a conductive layer
  • 5 and 6 together correspond to the above-mentioned auxiliary resistance line
  • the resistance of the auxiliary resistance line can be low.
  • the current limiting resistor layer 5 limits the discharge current of the two auxiliary resistance lines through the working medium, and generates ion clusters along the line. This can be regarded as an intermittent resistance line string, which makes the equivalent impact
  • the penetration distance is shortened, and the current limiting resistor layer 5 also constitutes a current collecting device;
  • Figure 6 is a modification of the above structure of the present invention.
  • double-spiral resistance wires 3 and 4 also can be multi-spiral wires
  • the connection ends are respectively drawn at the two ends; the resistance line can be covered with high resistance protection
  • the layer 5 enables the gap of the auxiliary resistance line to function as the current collecting device.
  • Figures 7, 8, and 9 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the device according to the present invention applied to ordinary fluorescent lamps, in which Figures 1 and 2 are the main electrodes, and Figure 7 is the low-voltage self-starting and self-igniting arc of the present invention.
  • Device In order to be compatible with ordinary fluorescent lamps, two sets of such low-voltage self-starting and self-guiding devices can be made in one lamp, and they are reserved for each other.
  • Figure 1 and 2 are the main electrodes, and 7 is the low-voltage self-starting and self-initiating device; only one set of the low-voltage self-starting and self-initiating device is built in, but the same A pair of terminals led out from the terminals are internally short-circuited, but the starter or the starter circuit needs to be removed when in use; 7 in FIG.
  • 9 is the low-voltage self-starter and self-lead isolation device, and 8 and 9 are filament electrodes of the current fluorescent lamp; If the low-voltage self-starting and self-guiding device is installed in the existing ordinary lamp, it can be used in the same way as the original lamp, without changing the wiring (including Qihui ⁇ and its circuit), and can implement new models
  • the smooth replacement and upgrade of the electronic current limiter realizes the smooth and compatible transition of electronic fluorescent lamps.
  • Embodiment of the invention (Take fluorescent lamp as an example)
  • the ignition gap is less than the distance between the two main electrodes, the ignition voltage of the ignition gap is less than the ignition voltage between the main electrodes.
  • the ignition voltage between the main electrodes is mainly Voltage on the electrodes
  • the sustain voltage between the main electrodes and the ignition voltage of the ignition gap first ignite or isolate in the ignition gap, and form an ion body in this interval.
  • the line resistance of the resistance line When the line resistance of the resistance line is adapted to the working cavity That is, the voltage gradient on the resistance line maintains the voltage gradient in the working chamber.
  • the ignited ionic body expands and grows along the resistance line from the ignition gap.
  • the current on the resistance line is shunted, and the ions become longer and larger without being shunted by the ions.
  • the increase of the current on the segment resistance line increases the difference between the voltage gradient on the resistance line and the maintaining voltage gradient of the working cavity, which exacerbates the expansion of the ion body and forms a positive feedback.
  • an ion path is formed, reaching or approaching the main electrode, so the equivalent breakdown distance of the main electrode is reduced, and the ignition or arc is initiated.
  • the whole process is carried out spontaneously, no preheating or additional high pressure is needed, and the macro lighting is like an incandescent lamp.
  • Double or multi-wire junction As shown in Figure 2, two non-interconnected or parallel resistance lines 3 and 4 are placed between the main electrodes 1 and 2, and the ends of each resistance line are at most one main line.
  • the electrodes are electrically connected and the other end is suspended to form the ignition gap, so that the distance of the ignition gap Less than the distance between the main electrodes, so the ignition voltage of the ignition gap is lower than the ignition voltage between the main electrodes; when the ignition voltage between the main electrodes is the voltage on the main electrode A corresponding line on two or more points enlightens or induces loneliness.
  • an ion body is formed.
  • the resistance line plays the role of the above example. The current flows through the ion body and the ion body bypasses the current on the resistance line.
  • the ion body When it increases, the ion body expands longitudinally along the resistance line, and the current further increases with the expansion of the ion body, forming a positive feedback process, and finally reaching the two main electrodes, forming an ion path, so the two main electrodes start or lone.
  • the effect of multi-wire is similar to that of multiple sets of double wires. Due to the longitudinal distribution of the ignition gap, multi-point ignition and ignition, the ignition and ignition effects are superior to single-line knotting.
  • the third example double parallel wires, the surface is covered with a resistance layer, and the structure between the two lines is the second example.
  • the ignition gap is formed, but there is no limitation on the longitudinal resistance value. Only the surface resistance layer limits the current discharged to the working substance.
  • an ignition voltage is applied between the lines, multiple points of ignition between the lines reduce the equivalent main electrode breakdown distance, thereby reducing the breakdown voltage.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the auxiliary resistance wire is used to firstly realize local enlightenment or orphan formation to form an ion body, and expand the ion body to form an ion path, shorten the equivalent breakdown distance, and reduce the ignition voltage between the main electrodes.
  • the main electrode is broken down, and the main electrode directly enters the self-sustained discharge area to realize low-pressure self-ignition.
  • the premise is the ignition voltage of the mains ignition gap between the main electrodes);
  • the two resistors in the two wires can have different resistance values, or two sets of two-wire structures with different resistance values, or two sets of single- and two-wire mixed structures with different resistance values, which correspond to the start and the arc, respectively, so the operating current is controlled.
  • the current loading method on the resistance line can realize multiple state control such as glow discharge, solitary light discharge, shutdown, scan storage under low voltage. If current control is used, continuous dimming can be achieved, the adjustment range can be almost zero, and electromagnetic radiation is greatly reduced, and various performances are superior to ordinary fluorescent lamps.
  • the scan memory feature can be used for large-screen display control or as a memory element.
  • the above resistance wires can be made on insulating substrates or wires (such as glass filaments).
  • the second and third examples of double wire knots can be made into double helixes on the wires without interconnecting each other, as shown in Figure 6, One end of each of the two resistance wires is drawn at each end, so the device is cheap. And reliable. Industrial applicability
  • the luminaires containing this device need only two lead-out ends, and the installation of a current limiter becomes an energy-saving lamp; the luminaires shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9 can be used on existing fluorescent lamp holders and are compatible.
  • the luminaires shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9 can be used on existing fluorescent lamp holders and are compatible.
  • smooth replacement and promotion of new electronic current limiters can be implemented step by step to achieve a smooth and compatible transition of electronic fluorescent lamps.
  • the present invention does not require high-voltage startup, only the current limiter is required to determine the operating point.
  • the current limiter ⁇ can directly use a switching power supply, which can achieve high power utilization. Two-wire structure, single-wire structure backup for each other, high reliability.
  • the ignition voltage is low, and the current and voltage fluctuations are small, which can reduce electromagnetic noise, increase the power factor or reduce the requirements of the current-limiting line.
  • Dimming with current amplitude modulation or rounded-edge pulse modulation can reduce electromagnetic noise, and amplitude-frequency co-modulation may change or stabilize light color. It can be installed and pulled out longitudinally to avoid the trouble of sideways drawing.
  • the device of the present invention can be scanned and stored on a large screen, and can also be used as a control element similar to a thyristor.
  • the voltage of the main electrode can be adjusted between the ignition voltage and the sustain voltage of the main electrode, and the value of the resistance line is set at the start-up section, then the device can work in the glow or abnormal glow section without special current limiting ⁇ Trigger control pulses, suitable for large screen scanning, storage display; can be connected to a fuse on the piece to prevent damage caused by accidental jump to the lone light discharge area; simplify the process, reduce costs, and make up for the blue color of the LED screen Regret.
  • the working medium in the working cavity of the present invention may also be liquid or solid.
  • zinc oxide which is a material constituting the arrester, is controlled by an external control terminal, that is, it may become an electrical switch with high persuasion rate. It can replace thyristor in high-voltage situations.

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Description

说明书 低压自启辉自引弧装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种低压自启辉、自引孤装置。 现有技术
气体放电具有峰形伏安特性，即有一段或多段正阻区和负阻 区，经过点火电压后进入自持放电区，而部分液体或固体也有类似 的峰形特性（如避雷器或雪崩管）。 气体放电还遵循巴邢定律，点火 电压随电极间距离的减少而减少，而维持电压也有类似特性；部分 液体或固体随着电极距离的变化引起电场强度的变化，从而具有类 似气体巴邢定律的电压特性。 在离子体周边处，点火电压较无离子 体处为低，侧向引火电压接近维持电压。常用的气体放电灯，如日光 灯等，除镇流器外，必须配备起动装置或电路，现常见的放电灯（曰 光灯）由外电路提供高电压点火，对电极、灯体及电路产生沖击而使 寿命变短，同时产生电磁幅射，而工作温度较高； CN 1003772和 CN 1038901所述的起动装置为内置式的，利用局部放电、加热激活气 体而使点火电压下降，但其起动时间长，活动的热敏接触开关可靠 性差，工作温度高； C 1054506所述的中间电极实 ί示上可视为缩小 工作距离以降低各电压要求，而中间引出端成为新的麻烦； ΕΡ 0492722 Α2以通过中间栅极的电压来控制点火或断流，需外电路 伺服控制；要求外电路升压或控制的方式一般须配用特殊接线回 路，与现行的日光灯回路兼容性较差，电压高对器件的要求也高，或 使线路复杂化，两者均使成本升高，而可靠性降低。
本发明的目的是提供一种能降低主电极间点火的等效击穿距 离，从而降低点火电压的自点燃低压自启辉、自引孤装置。
本发明适合于点火电压与电极距离相关的场合。
确认本 本发明述及的主电极电压范围是不高于点火电压和不低于维 持电压。 本发明的公开
本发明揭示了一种低压自启辉、自引孤的装置，其特征在于该 装置包括一对主电极，主电极间充满了工作介质，在主电极间纵向 放置数条辅助电阻线，辅助电阻线的一端最多只与其中一个主电极 电接触，另一端伸向另一个主电极，从而在辅助电阻线之间或辅助 电阻线的一端与主电极间至少有一个小于主电极间距离的间隙，形 成所述点火间隙，在辅助电阻线间或辅助电阻线与电极之间加一定 电压时，在较窄的一个或多个点火间隙点火，激发出离子体;所激活 的离子体沿辅助电阻线引火并护展、成长，在辅助电阻线上形成离 子通路，到达或接近主电极，从而达到缩短等效击穿距离，降低主电 极间的击穿电压之目的。适当逸择所述辅助电阻线上的电流值和点 火间隙的形状，使点火间隙和引火面的点火态电流密度处于辉光或 孤光放电状态，由所述辅助电阻线^点燃的离子体引火；主电极的 工作状态由点燃、引火产生的离子态及主电极的电流密度决定。 所 述点火间隙可依据工作物质、电极性质、形状及目标点火电压设定， 所述辅助电阻线的电阻值应与点火间隙、工作物质相匹配。 所述^ 助电阻线外可设置集流装置，将较小的纵向点火、引火电流集中于 一个较小的区间内以达到所述电流密度，所述集流装置设有横向引 火开口 K，将点燃、击穿的离子体引伸至更大的空间。
辅助电阻线外可设置上述集流装置。集流装置可由高电阻材料 制成。
辅助电阻线可直接连于主电极上；或外引出工作腔，由外部控 制。
辅助电阻线外引端与主电极间可设置绝缘层，避免与主电极间 过低的击穿电压或过大的串流电流，保证外部控制特性。
外引控制方式下，当主电极上的电压在主电极点火电压与维持 电压之间时，只要外引电阻线上加一足够的电压脉沖，则一经触发， 即使撤去该脉冲，主电极仍维持点亮，只有主电极电压变低或回零 时，才可能重回阻断状态。 效果类似可控硅。
辅助电阻线可以是断续的，相当于串联分布间隙，点火时同时 点燃有最低点火电压的间隙串。
辅助电阻线可由正温度糸数材料 (PTC)构成，点火后減少线上 电流。
辅助电阻线上可覆保护层或电阻层。 本发明所述装置的原理及结枸在以下对附图及本发明的实施 例描述之后，^会变得更加清楚。 附图说明 '
图 1A、1B:主电极间离子体与等效击穿距离关糸图；
图 2 :辅助电阻线的点火、引火示意图；
图 3 :—种集流装置结枸示意图；
图 4 :本发明的第一例单线结构示意图；
图 5 :本发明的第三例双线结构示意图；
图 6 :本发明的第二例、第三例实施例结构图；
图 7 :本发明构成的一种灯具结构图；
图 8 :本发明构成的另一种灯具结构图；
图 9 :本发明用于现行日光灯的结构图；
以下结合附图进一步说明：
图 1A、B为本发明所述装置原理示意图，其中图 1A为中间有 离子体 F的电极对；
图 1B为上图的等效击穿距离示意图，离子体 F部分可视为导 体，相当于将原电极对分成串有电阻 R的两段， DL段为缩短了的 击穿距离， DL两端电极可视为离子电极。
图 2为本发明所述装置的一种结构，说明了本发明所述装置的 辅助电阻线的点火、引火原理。图 中标号 1、2为主电极， 3、4为辅 助电阻线， L为所述点火间隙，辅助电阻线 3、4纵向放置于主电极 1、2间，其一端只与其中一个主电极电接触，另一端伸向另一电极， 也可外引；在电极两端施加一点火电压所加电压全部加于一个或多 个点火间隙上，激活间隙间的工作介质，产生离子体，当逸择适当阻 值的辅助电阻线时，电阻线上产生电流及电压梯度大于主电极间工 作介质的维持电压梯压，引导离子体扩展成长，从而激穿电极。
参见图 3，由于点火、引火要求较大的电流密度，而开放结构消 耗的电流较大，点火后辅助电阻线上的电流只是发热，浪费电能，因 此采用集流装置 5将点火电流集中于一个半开放空间，使用较小电 流就达到所需电流密度，主电极击穿后向离子体提供电流，通过横 向开口 装置外工作物质引燃；集流装置 5可由凹形断面的高 电阻线材构成，辅助电阻线沿凹坑内壁纵向放置；也可以在灯管壁 刻槽而成凹形坑；采用正温度糸数材料（PTC)作辅助电阻线，可减 少点火后辅助电阻线上电流。
图 4为本发明装置的另一种结枸示意图；图中 1、2为主电极， 3 为辅助电阻线；加电压后，首先在点火间隙 L间点火，满足电压梯度 及电流条件时，离子体沿辅助电阻线引火，缩短等效击穿距离。
图 5为本发明的第三例双线结构示意图的侧面剖视图； 图中 1、2为主电极， 5为限流电阻层，6为导电层；5与 6—起 相当于上述辅助电阻线；本例中辅助电阻线的阻值可较低，由限流 电阻层 5限制两辅助电阻线通过工作介质的放电电流，沿线产生离 子团，可枧为断续的电阻线串，使等效击穿距离缩短，同时限流电阻 层 5也构成了集流装置；
图 6为本发明上述结构的改形，在绝缘线材上，造出双螺旋电 阻线 3、4 (也可为多螺旋线），在两端分别引出连接端；电阻线上可 覆盖高电阻保护层 5，使辅助电阻线间隙起所述集流装置的作用。
图 7、8、9为本发明所述装置应用在普通日光灯上的结构示意 图，其中附图 7中 1、2为主电极， 7为本发明的低压自启辉、自引弧 装置；为兼容普通的日光灯，可在一支灯管内作两套这样的所述低 压自启辉、自引孤装置，互为备用，在现行日光灯灯架上使用时，若 有一边损坏，旋转一下即可再用；图 8中 1、2为主电极， 7为所述低 压自启辉、自引孤装置；只内置一套所述低压自启辉、自引弧装置， 但^同端引出的一对端子内部短路，只是在使用时需撤去启辉器或 启辉回路；图 9中 7为所述低压自启辉、自引孤装置， 8，9为现行日 光灯的灯丝电极；在现时的普通灯管内加装所述低压自启辉、自引 孤装置，则可照样与原灯管一样使用，无需更改线路（包括启辉^及 其回路），并可遂步实施新型电子限流器的平滑代换、升级，实现日 光灯电子化的平滑兼容过渡。 本发明的实施例：（以日光灯为例）
第一例：单线结构，在主电极 1和 2间放置一条电阻线，其中一 个端头连于一个电极上或外引出工作腔，另一个端头拉向另一电 极，但不连接，而是保留一个小间隙 1，形成所述点火间隙，如图 4所 示，由于点火间隙小于两主电极间的距离，因此点火间隙的点火电 压小于主电极间的点火电压，当主电极间的点火电压 主电极上的 电压 主电极间的维持电压和点火间隙的点火电压时，首先在点火 间隙中启辉或引孤，在这一区间内形成离子体，当电阻线的线电阻 与工作腔适配时，即电阻线上之电压梯度 工作腔之维持电压梯 度，则点燃的离子体从点火间隙开始沿电阻线扩展成长，分流电阻 线上电流，离子体变长、变大，而未被离子体分流段电阻线上的电流 增大，电阻线上的电压梯度与工作腔的维持电压梯度之差增大，加 剧离子体的扩展，形成正反馈，最终形成离子通路，到达或接近主电 极，于是主电极的等效击穿距离缩小，启辉或引弧。 全过程自发进 行，无需预热或附加高压，宏观点亮一如白炽灯。
第二例：双线或多线结枸：如图 2所示，在主电极 1和 2间放置 两条互不交连或平行电阻线 3和 4，各电阻线的端点最多只与一个 主电极电连接，另一端悬空，形成所述点火间隙，令点火间隙的距离 小于主电极间的距离，因此点火间隙的点火电压低于主电极间的点 火电压；当主电极间的点火电压 主电极上的电压 主电极间的维 持电压和点火间隙的点火电压时，首先在电阻线上某对应两点或多 点间启辉或引孤，在这一区间内形成离子体，电阻线起上例作用，电 流流过离子体，同时离子体旁路电阻线上电流，因而电流增大，离子 体沿电阻线纵向扩展，而电流随离子体的扩展再增大，形成正反馈 过程，最终到达两主电极，形成离子通路，于是两主电极启辉或引 孤。 在此多线的效果与多组双线相类；由于点火间隙纵向分布，多点 点火、引火，点火及引火效果较单线结枸优越。
第三例：双平行导线，表面覆电阻层，两线间结构类第二例，形 成点火间隙，但无纵向电阻值的限制，只有表面电阻层限制其向工 作物质放电的电流，当双线间加有点火电压时，线间多点点火，使等 效的主电极击穿距离缩短，从而降低击穿电压。'
因此本发明的特点是利用辅助电阻线，首先实现局部启辉或引 孤，形成离子体，并使离子体扩展成长，形成离子通路，缩短等效击 穿距离，降低主电极间的点火电压，在电压低于点火电压下使主电 极击穿，主电极直接进入自持放电区，实现低压自燃，自动启辉或引 孤，无需启动回路，电极无需预热，电压低至维持电压也可启动（前 提是主电极间的维持电压 点火间隙的点火电压）；
双线中的两电阻线阻值可不相同，或两套阻值不同之双线结 构，或两套阻值不同之单、双线混合结构，分别对应于启辉及引弧， 因此控制工作电流和（或）电阻线上的电流加载方法，即可实现低压 下之辉光放电、孤光放电、关闭、扫描存储等多个状态控制。 若采用 电流控制，则可实现连续调光，调节范围儿乎可从零开始，而电磁辐 射大大减少，各项性能较普通日光灯优越。 其中扫描存储特性可用 于大屏幕显示控制或作为记忆元件。
以上之电阻线，可制作在绝缘基板上或线材上（如玻璃丝），第 二例、第三例双线结枸可在线材上制成双螺旋，互不交连，如图 6所 示，两端各分别引出两条电阻线的一个端头，这样枸成的装置廉价 又可靠。 工业应用性
含本装置枸成的灯具，实 ί示只需两个引出端，加装限流器即成 为节能灯；如图 7、8、9所示的灯具，可在现行日光灯灯架上使用，兼 容普通的日光灯，无需更改线路，并可遂步实施新型电子限流器的 平滑代换、升鈒，实现日光灯电子化的平滑兼容过渡。
由于本发明无需高压启动，因此只需限流器确定工作点，通过 电流调节可调光，限流^可直接使用开关电源，可荻得高的电源利 用率。双线结构，互为单线结构备用，可靠性高。点火电压低，电流、 电压跳动较小，可減少电磁噪声，并提高功率因素或降低对限流线 路的要求。采用电流幅度调制或圆滑边沿的脉沖调制来调光可降低 电磁噪声，幅频共调可能改变或稳定光色。 可纵向安装、引出，避免 侧向引出的麻烦。
本发明的装置可枸成大屏幕的扫描、存储无件，也可枸成类似 可控硅的控制元件。特别可 主电极电压调于主电极的点火电压与 维持电压之间，电阻线的数值设于启辉段，则器件可工作于辉光或 异常辉光段，而无需专门的限流^，配合触发控制脉沖，可适用于大 屏幕扫描、存储显示；可在无件上串上保险丝等防止偶然跳至孤光 放电区而造成的损害；简化工艺，降低成本，并可弥补 LED屏的蓝 色缺憾。
本发明的工作腔内的工质也可以是液体或固体，如构成避雷器 的材料氧化锌，由外引控制端控制，即可能成为大劝率的电气开关， 在高压场合可代替可控硅。
本发明的上述实施例并不限制本发明的范围，熟悉本技术领域 的专业人员^能了解本发明的各种改型，且不背离本发明的精神。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种低压自启辉自引弧装置，包括一对主电极，主电极间充满 工作介质，其特征在于在上述主电极之间放置数条辅助电阻线，它 们互不交连；各辅助电阻线最多只有一端与上述主电极对中之一电 连接，另一端伸向上述主电极对的另一电极但与该电极之间保持一 个间隙。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，其中所述的辅助电阻线与其中一 个电极之间的间隙或辅助电阻线间的间隙小于主电极对之间的距 离。
3. 根据权利要求 所述的装置，其中所述间隙应与所述辅助电阻 线的阻值相匹配，以使间隙间的点火电压在辅助电阻线上产生的电 流或电压梯度大于电极间工作介质的维持电压。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，可包括一条辅助电阻线。
5- 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，可包括二条互不交连的辅助电阻 线。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的装置，所述两条辅助电阻线间的距离小 于所述主电极对之间的距离。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，可在所述辅助电阻线外加装一种 集流装置 o
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，所述的辅助电阻线可直接连于主 电极上；或外引出工作腔，由外部控制。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的装置，辅助电阻线外引端与主电极间可 设置绝缘层，避免与主电极间过低的击穿电压或过大的串流电流， 保 外部控制特性。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，辅助电阻线可以是断续的，相当 于串联分布间隙，点火时同时点燃有最低点火电压的间隙串。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，辅助电阻线可由正温度糸数材 料 (PTC)构成，点火后减少线上电流。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的装置，辅助电阻线上可覆盖保护层。
PCT/CN1995/000023 1994-04-03 1995-04-03 Dispositif a basse pression et a auto-excitation pour la production automatique d'un arc WO1995027304A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU21341/95A AU2134195A (en) 1994-04-03 1995-04-03 Device of low-pressure self-exciting and self-generating the arc

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 94103080 CN1110430A (zh) 1994-04-03 1994-04-03 低压自启辉、自引弧方法及装置
CN94103080.6 1994-04-03

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB692693A (en) * 1948-01-02 1953-06-10 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to vapour discharge lamps
US2748308A (en) * 1952-08-05 1956-05-29 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Low-pressure arc-discharge tube supplied with direct current
US4816719A (en) * 1984-12-06 1989-03-28 Gte Products Corporation Low pressure arc discharge tube with reduced ballasting requirement

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB692693A (en) * 1948-01-02 1953-06-10 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to vapour discharge lamps
US2748308A (en) * 1952-08-05 1956-05-29 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Low-pressure arc-discharge tube supplied with direct current
US4816719A (en) * 1984-12-06 1989-03-28 Gte Products Corporation Low pressure arc discharge tube with reduced ballasting requirement

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AU2134195A (en) 1995-10-23

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