WO1995017257A1

WO1995017257A1 - Device for controlling and applying vibrations to machines and materials

Info

Publication number: WO1995017257A1
Application number: PCT/FR1994/001480
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Vaillant
Original assignee: Christian Vaillant
Priority date: 1993-12-20
Filing date: 1994-12-19
Publication date: 1995-06-29
Also published as: FR2713958B1; FR2713958A1

Abstract

The device for controlling and applying vibratory motions to machines and materials in order particularly to treat products to be vibrated, crushed, compacted, separated, is characterized in that it comprises the positioning from at least two coaxial axes (2 - 3) of two end-plates (4 - 5) rotatingly mounted with respect to a fixed structure (6), said end-plates providing for the positioning a plurality of lines of a plurality of satellites (L1, L2, L3, ...Ln) with unbalances (B1, B2, B3, ...Bn), some of them being driven by belt transmission means controlled by means for prepositioning (8 - 9) and winding the rotation control belt, said coaxial axes (2 - 3) controlling the angular positioning of the lines of the unbalanced satellites with respect to each other in order to exert unidirectional, multidirectional or mixed or oscillatory vibrations, said coaxial axes being associated with continuous or discontinuous out-of-phase means.

Description

DEVICE AUTHORIZING THE CONTROL AND

THE ACTION OF VIBRATORY EFFECTS ON

MACHINERY AND MATERIALS

The invention relates to the technical sector of equipment and materials for packing, grinding, compacting, separating materials from vibratory effects of any kind operating in association with one or more phase shift devices.

A device is known which authorizes the control and the action of vibratory effects on machines and equipment as defined in PCT Patent Application 92/20467. The device described is the subject of different grinding and compacting applications.

In the context of his personal research, the Applicant was interested in devices of this kind by studying the various ways and combinations for obtaining vibrational effects from unidirectional or multidirectional forces.

From his personal work, the Claimant has thus point a new device allowing and ensuring according to the choices the various types of desired forces, that in a particular original conception, going against knowledge, studies and realizations carried out previously.

The advantages of the new device reside in particular in the dissociation of the movements of the phase shift axes with the vibrating device with variable unbalances.

These and other objects will become apparent from the following description.

According to a first characteristic, the device authorizing the control and the action of vibratory effects on machines and equipment with a view in particular to the treatment of products intended to be vibrated, crushed, compacted, separated, is remarkable in that it consists in position, from at least two coaxial axes, two flanges mounted to rotate relative to a fixed structure, said flanges authorizing the positioning of several lines of several unbalanced satellites, some being driven by belt transmission means controlled from means prepositioning and winding of the rotating control belt, said coaxial axes controlling the angular positioning of the unbalanced satellite lines with respect to each other for the exercise of unidirectional, multidirectional or mixed or oscillatory vibratory effects, said coaxial axes being associated with means ^' of phase shifting acting continuously or discontinuously.

These characteristics and others will become apparent from the following description.

To fix the subject of the invention illustrated without limitation in the figures of the drawings where:

Figure 1 is a sectional side view along the line A-A of Figure 2 of the vibrator device integrated in a fixed structure.

FIG. 2 is a front view in section of the device according to the invention considered along line B-B in FIG. 1.

. FIG. 3 is a rear view in section of the device according to the invention considered along line C-C in FIG. 1.

Figure 4 is a partial sectional view illustrating the indexing of the phase shift control means of the different unbalance lines.

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C schematically illustrate the position of the different unbalance lines according to different configurations in position.

Figure 6 is an alternative embodiment of the vibrator device.

We have illustrated, schematically, different possible configurations of the implementation of the device according to the invention, as will be specified in the description in FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 10A, - ^' 10B, 1 1 A, 1 1 B , 1 1 C, 1 1 D, 12A, 1 B, 12C, 12D, 13A, 13B.

In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner in the figures of the drawings.

The device according to the invention referenced as a whole by (1) consists in positioning from two coaxial axes (2 - 3) two flanges (4 - 5) mounted rotating relative to a fixed structure (6), said flanges allowing positioning of several unbalanced satellite lines (L1, L2, L3 ..., Ln), some of which are driven by belt transmission means (7) controlled from pre-positioning (8 - 9) and control means in rotation, said coaxial axes (2 - 3) controlling the positioning in an angular position of the unbalanced satellite lines with respect to each other for the exercise of unidirectional, multidirectional or mixed vibratory effects. As will be specified below, the prepositioning means (8 - 9) and winding of the control belt are arranged around the coaxial axes (2 - 3) in the central part between the flanges (4 - 5 ). The various satellite lines are arranged near the periphery of the flasks in an appropriate number. We represented FIG. 2, all of the unbalanced satellites without limitation. The device is driven by rotating the flasks and controlled by appropriate known devices from the outputs (4.1 or 5.1) or both.

In the following description, the device according to the invention will be described comprising three lines (L1 - L2 - L3) of unbalanced satellites mounted between the rotating flanges, each line comprising six satellites regularly distributed.

The number of satellites is not limiting to six and can be either lower or higher.

The flanges (4 - 5) have a shoulder (4.1 - 5.1) facing outward and serving as a support plane for rolling means (1 0) relative to the fixed structure (6). The flanges are made of all appropriate materials according to the constraints and conditions of use of the device.

Said flanges define a space allowing the positioning of several unbalanced satellite lines, in the illustrated example of three lines (L1 - L2 - L3). One of the original features of the invention resides in the fact that the angular orientation of the different lines of satellites with respect to each other makes it possible to obtain varied vibrational effects as required, unidirectional or multidirectional or oscillatory. For this, the lines are mounted either in balance of effects or in opposition, with adjustable variations thanks to the action of suitable phase shifting means associated with the coaxial axes (2 - 3).

More specifically, the line of intermediate unbalanced satellites (L2) is coupled to the axis (2), while the lines (L1 - L3) located on either side are coupled to the center distance (3) coaxial with the previous one, which makes it possible by varying the relative positions of these axes (2 and 3) between them, to vary in position the different unbalanced satellites.

More specifically, the shaft (2) is mounted rotating relative to the flanges (4 - 5) being guided by rolling means (1 1) on the side of the flange (4) for example and centered relative to the axis (3) exterior forming a sleeve itself mounted to rotate by rolling means (1 2) on the side of the flange (5). The ends (2.1 - 3.1) of the axes are associated with means of phase shift from one axis relative to the other as will be described later in an exemplary implementation.

The axis (3) forming the sleeve of the axis (2) receives a prepositioning and control means (8) such as a pulley mounted keyed in (14), said pulley being driving and allowing positioning and winding a first transmission belt (1 5) which, in relation to the line of satellites to unbalanced, will constitute the first line (Ll).

The axis (2) also receives - a second prepositioning and control means (9) of the toothed pulley type (1 6) keyed in (1 7), said pulley being driving and allowing the positioning and winding of a second transmission belt (1 8) which in connection with a line of unbalanced satellites will constitute the second line (L2). To avoid any connection of the toothed pulleys (8 - 9) to each other, the axis (3) has a stepped part (3.1). The toothed pulley (9) is also held in position by a spacer ring (20) intermediate with the flange (5).

The flanges (4 and 5) are advantageously connected transversely by several spacers (21). Between the flanges and near their periphery, are arranged the various satellites belonging to the lines (L1 - L2 - L3). There are arranged sets of satellites grouping on the same axis (22), mounted rotating between the flanges by bearings (23), an unbalanced satellite (Bl - B2 - B3) of each line (Ll - L2 - L3) referenced respectively by (24 - 25 - 26). Satellites (24

- 26) of ends belong to the lines (L1 - L3) and are mounted keyed on the axis (22) so that they are set in motion in the same direction and simultaneously. The satellite (24) corresponding to the line (L1) advantageously has externally a notched part (24.1) allowing the positioning and returning the first belt transmission means (1 5). It should be emphasized that the unbalances are established in any suitable and known manner on the satellites and are advantageously arranged on a half-diameter of the satellite. The latter have for example a plurality of recesses, some of which are filled with an appropriate material according to a given sector of the satellites. It should be noted that the satellites (24 and 26) are strictly identical, including in their dimensions.

The satellite (25) is arranged intermediate to the previous ones and it is mounted free in rotation relative to the axis (22) and therefore relative to the satellites (24 - 26). To do this, the satellite (25) is itself mounted on a rotating sleeve (27) relative to the rolling means (28). The satellite (25) has on its periphery an external notch (25.1) allowing the positioning of the second transmission means (1 8). It should be noted that this satellite (25) is also arranged with unbalances (B2), and according to an advantageous characteristic it is of double dimension of each of the satellites (24 - 26), and therefore equal to all of the of them. It is therefore understood that the mass of these unbalances (B1 + B3 = B2) can balance in certain positions with those of the unbalances of the satellites (24 - 26) when they are mounted in opposition.

Between the flanges (4 and 5), assemblies are therefore mounted of satellites (24 - 25 - 26) belonging to the lines (Ll - L2 - L3), and the number of these sets is established as required.

The transmission belts (1 5 - 1 8) are mounted on the movable toothed pulleys (8 - 9) then are oriented and guided on said satellites. Figures 2 and 3 show the passages of the belts (1 5 - 1 8) which take the satellites from the outside. It is obvious, however, that said belt transmission means can have other paths, depending on the needs and the effects to be obtained. It suffices to have belts return means (56) in the desired locations to modify the direction of rotation of the unbalanced satellites.

There are shown in Figures 1 1 A, 1 1 B, 1 1 C, 1 1 D different possibilities of passage of the drive belt.

According to Figure 1 1 A, the various unbalanced satellites are concentric and they rotate in a direction opposite to that of the direction of rotation around the central pulley. According to Figure 1 1 B, the various unbalanced satellites are 90 ° out of phase from one line with respect to another and they rotate in a direction opposite to that of the direction of rotation around the central pulley, the resulting force being 45 ° out of phase.

According to Figure 1 1 C, the belt rotates counterclockwise according to Figure 1 1 D. The transmission belt rotates clockwise and in the same direction of rotation of the satellites and pulleys. This arrangement makes it possible to have the lines (L1 and L3) rotating in the opposite direction to the line (L2), an interesting feature for achieving a unidirectional vibration.

As indicated previously, the lines (L1 and L3) are in phase and the line (L2) of unbalanced satellites is in variable position relative to them. To this end, the respective positions are adjusted by a simple action on the axes (2 and 3), which eliminates the phase shift system as described in PCT Patent 92/20467. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, a simplified mechanical indexing is provided between the axes (2 and 3). To this end, the axis (2) is arranged at its free end with a knurled button (53) having a blind hole (53.1) receiving a spring (54) and ball (55). This is likely to come according to a desired indexing in formed cavities (3.3) on the head (3.2) of the axis (3).

It is therefore possible, independently of any setting in motion of the device with rotating flanges, to position the various unbalanced satellites in advance with respect to one another as a function of the desired vibrational effects. FIGS (5A - 5B - 5C) have thus been shown purely schematically as examples of relative positioning of the satellites of the lines (L1 - L3) relative to the line (L2). Other positions are of course possible.

The variation of the positions of the satellites relative to each other can be carried out in continuous operation of the device according to an action on the axes (2 and 3) by any suitable phase shifting means.

The advantages of such a device are particularly important. If we consider the rotation speed of the flanges at N rpm, the rotation speed of the unbalanced satellites is

N2 = N (1 + R2 / R1) where RI is the radius of the toothed pulleys (8 - 9) and (R2), the radius of the satellites (24 - 25 - 26).

If R2 = RI then N2 = 2N.

Or if N = 3,000 rpm N2 = 6,000 rpm. A very large unbalance effect is thus obtained.

The assembly of the lines (L1 and L3) integral with the shaft (22) and the line (L2) as well as the equality of the masses of the unbalances (Bl + B3 = B2) makes it possible to eliminate the effect of parasitic torque. Other balancing devices shown in the diagrams of Figures 7A, 7B, 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B, can be used.

Figures 7A, 7B show two lines of unbalances can be put in opposition, the unbalances having a semicircular configuration on the satellites. This arrangement has the particularity of having concentric masses or unbalances which can rotate in the same direction, multidirectional vibrations or in the opposite direction, unidirectional vibrations.

In FIGS. 8A, 8B, the unbalances are placed in diametric opposition and have a configuration according to an angular sector of 90 °. FIGS. 9A, 9B schematically represent, according to the first embodiment, the use of three lines (L1, L2, L3) of unbalanced satellites mounted on the same axis, the lines (L1 and L3) being linked together. The respective positions have been shown in phase shift and non-phase shift of unbalance.

FIGS. 10A and 10B show a variant of FIGS. 9A, 9B, in which the unbalanced satellite of the line (L2) is mounted on an axis independent of the support axis of the unbalanced satellites of the lines (L1 and L3).

In all the above-mentioned embodiments, parasitic couples are eliminated.

Furthermore, the bearings (1 1 and 12) ensure the rotation of the flanges supporting the overall unbalance force but at lower speed. Satellites have small masses forming unbalanced which is beneficial for yields.

The phase shift axes (2 - 3-) do not rotate with the vibrating device and it suffices with a very simple mechanically pushing or pulling action on the arms linked to the axes (2 - 3) to ensure the phase shift. This can be continuous by being associated with a drive means not shown, or be discontinuous but in the same direction.

The device according to the invention is particularly advantageous and applies to the exercise of vibratory forces with unidirectional or multidirectional or oscillatory effects with very numerous applications in the field of compaction, separation, grinding of all kinds and for all materials. The device can be integrated into complex crushing and crushing plants.

In the case of an extension of the vibrator device, there is illustrated in FIG. 6 an alternative embodiment applicable to a compound vibrator, that is to say making it possible to generate effects of unidirectional vibrations variable in operation, multidirectional variables in operation , unidirectional with variable direction on, oscillating variable on.

The device in this variant uses the same concept as before, namely the positioning between two rotating flanges (4 - 5) of several unbalanced satellite lines.

In this particular implementation, the different unbalances are arranged in a concentric plane along a same axis (Y - Y ') lying in the same plane as the flanges. In this embodiment, as many coaxial axes (2 - 30 -

31 - 32) than unbalanced satellite lines. All axes (2

- 30 - 31 - 32) are mounted with intermediate bearing means (34) allowing them to have rotary movements with respect to each other. Notched pulleys (35

- 36 - 37) are mounted keyed to the different axes (30 - 31 - 32) and the pulley (38) on the axis (2). The satellites (39 - 40 - 41 - 42) are profiled to interpenetrate one into the other and present the imbalances (43 - 44 - 45 - 46) concentric and in line. The satellites are rotatably mounted on an axis (47) using appropriate rolling means (33), while said axis (47) is itself rotatably mounted by bearings (23) relative to the aforementioned flanges.

The satellites are arranged with a notched peripheral part (39.1 - 40.1 - 41 .1 - 42.1) to allow their rotation with the underlying pulleys (35, 36, 37, 38) with transmission belts (49, 50, 51, 52 ) under conditions similar to those described above. The profile of the different satellites is variable depending on the number of lines (Ll, L2, L3, ... Ln). These satellites have a circular configuration around the axis (47). In the example illustrated but not limited to FIG. 6, the satellite (39) at the end of the flange side (4) is of configuration in a half-L-section with the unbalances at the end. The satellite (40) integrated into the satellite (39) with an L-shaped configuration with external feedback (40.2), the unbalances being arranged in the central branch; the satellite (41) integrated into the satellite (40) having an L-shaped configuration with an external return (41 .2), the unbalances being arranged in the central part, said satellite also having a cavity (41.3) to allow positioning unbalances arranged on the satellite (42) having a T-profile and a return (42.2). It should be noted that the various satellites are produced in such a way that the notched parts for cooperation with the transmission means of the belt type are in the same plane (Y - Y ') and therefore to suppress the parasitic couples.

In addition to FIG. 6, FIGS. 1 1 A, 1 1 B, 1 1 c, 1 1 D, 1 2A, 1 2B, 1 2C, 1 2D, 1 3A, 1 3B, are shown diagrammatically , different possible assemblies of the belting of the belts on the pulleys (35, 36, 37, 38) relative to the corresponding unbalanced satellites being considered that any mixing of the different assemblies is obviously possible. Finally shown in Figures 1 3A, 1 3B, other arrangements of a transmission belt.

The number of sets of satellites between the rotating flanges can vary as indicated above depending on the applications and operating constraints. In this alternative embodiment, it is also possible to obtain a drive of satellites and pulleys to rotate in the same direction or in an opposite direction.

The phase shift of the different satellite lines (L1, L2,

L3, L4, ... Ln) can be carried out in any suitable manner continuously or discontinuously. The amplitudes and directions of vibratory effects can be adapted as required and with ease.

This type of vibrating device finds applications for example for compacting rollers, and universal vibrators.

Claims

-1 - Device authorizing the control and the action of vibratory effects on machines and materials with a view in particular to the treatment of products intended to be vibrated, crushed, compacted, separated, characterized in that it consists in positioning from '' at least two coaxial axes (2 - 3) two flanges (4 - 5) mounted rotating relative to a fixed structure (6), said flanges allowing the positioning of several lines of several satellites (L1, L2, L3 ... , Ln) with unbalance (Bl, B2, B3, ... Bn), some being driven by belt transmission means controlled from prepositioning means (8 - 9) and winding of the control belt in rotation, said coaxial axes (2 - 3) controlling the positioning in an angular position of the unbalanced satellite lines with respect to each other for the exercise of unidirectional, multidirectional or mixed or oscillatory vibratory effects, said coaxial axes being associated phase shift means acting continuously or batchwise.

-2- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the prepositioning means (8, 9) and winding of the control belt are arranged around the coaxial axes (2, 3) in the central part between the flanges ( 4, 5), the various unbalanced satellite lines being arranged near the periphery of the flasks in an appropriate number. -3- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flanges (4, 5) have a shoulder ^' only (4.1 - 5.1) facing outwards and serving as a support plane for rolling means (10) relative to the structure (6) and serving to drive the flanges in rotation.

-4- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that one of the unbalanced satellite lines (L2) is coupled to '' axis (2), the other lines (Ll - L3) located on either side being coupled to the inter-axis (3) coaxial with the axis (2) allowing a relative position of the axes (2 and 3) between them to obtain a position variation of the different unbalanced satellites, and in that the ends (2.1 - 3.1) of the axes are associated with means of phase shift from one axis relative to the other.

-5- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis (2) is rotatably mounted relative to the flanges (4 - 5) being guided by rolling means (1 1) on the side of the flange (4) and being centered with respect to the axis (3) forming a sleeve mounted on rolling means (1 2) on the side of the flange (5).

-6- Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the axis (3) receives a means for prepositioning and winding the control belt (8) of the toothed pulley type, keyed in (1 4), said pulley being driving and allowing the positioning and the control of a first transmission belt (1 5) in relation to a first line (L1) of unbalanced satellite, and in that the axis ( 2) receives a second prepositioning and control means (9) of the toothed pulley (1 6) and keyed pulley type, said pulley being driving and allowing the positioning of a second transmission belt (1 8) in relation to a line of unbalance satellite constituting the second line (L2).

-7- Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the flanges (4 and 5) are connected by spacers (21) and have, near their periphery, different unbalanced satellites belonging to the lines (Ll, L2, L3,. .. Ln), sets of satellites being arranged on the same axis (22) mounted rotating between the flanges by bearings (23), and in that some of the satellites belonging to some of the lines are mounted keyed on the axis ( 22) to have the same direction of movement and simultaneously, while one of the satellites is mounted free in rotation relative to the axis (22) to allow a phase shift, and in that one of the satellites linked to the axis (22) has a notched part allowing the positioning and the return of a first belt transmission means associated with a notched pulley mounted on the axis (2), while the satellite rotating on the axis (22) has a notched part to allow the positioning of a belt associated with the other notched pulley associated with the axis (3).

-8- Device according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the arrangement of three lines (Ll, L2, L3) of unbalanced satellites, the satellites (24 and 26), lines (Ll and L3) are of dimensions and masses by half compared to the unbalance satellite (25) of the line (L2) to suppress the parasitic torque.

-9- Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises two lines (L1, L2) of unbalanced satellites, Ides ses unbalances can be brought into opposition by phase shift to remove parasitic couples.

-1 0- Device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the transmission belts are arranged and wound so that the various unbalanced satellites rotate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the pulleys (8 - 9). -1 1 - Device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the transmission belts are arranged and wound so that the various unbalanced satellites rotate in the same direction of rotation of the pulleys (8 - 9) with use of return means (56).

-1 2- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (2) is arranged at its free end with a knurled button (53) having a blind hole (53.1) receiving a spring (54) and a ball ( 55) of indexing in cavities (3.3) established on the head (3.2) of the axis (3), allowing by pre-established phase shift the variation in position of the different unbalances.

-1 3- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the unbalances associated with the satellites are arranged in a concentric plane parallel to the flanges (4 and 5), and in that between said flanges are arranged a plurality of coaxial axes ( 2, 30, 31, 32) in number equal to the satellite lines, all the axes being mounted with intermediate rolling means allowing them to have rotary movements with respect to each other, and in that notched pulleys are mounted in relation to the axes (30, 31 and 32) and the pulley (38) on the axis (2), the satellites (39, 40, 41, 42) being profiled to interpenetrate one into the other and present concentric imbalances and online.

-14- Device according to claim-! 3, characterized in that the satellites are mounted to rotate on an axis (47) using rolling means (33), said axis (47) being mounted to rotate on bearings (23) relative to the flanges (4 and 5).

-1 5- Device according to claim 1 4, characterized in that the satellites are arranged with a notched part to allow their rotation with underlying pulleys using transmission belts.