WO1995016024A1 - Method and reagent for preparing a drink or intermediate product - Google Patents

Method and reagent for preparing a drink or intermediate product Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995016024A1
WO1995016024A1 PCT/RU1994/000227 RU9400227W WO9516024A1 WO 1995016024 A1 WO1995016024 A1 WO 1995016024A1 RU 9400227 W RU9400227 W RU 9400227W WO 9516024 A1 WO9516024 A1 WO 9516024A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reagent
drink
spοsοb
silicate
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU1994/000227
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Gerald Alexeevich Maslov
Vladimir Pavlovich Kovalevsky
Original Assignee
Kozmovsky, Vladislav Nikolaevich
Semenov, Sergei Ivanovich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from RU93054364A external-priority patent/RU2054474C1/en
Priority claimed from RU94021998/13A external-priority patent/RU94021998A/en
Application filed by Kozmovsky, Vladislav Nikolaevich, Semenov, Sergei Ivanovich filed Critical Kozmovsky, Vladislav Nikolaevich
Priority to AU78655/94A priority Critical patent/AU7865594A/en
Priority to RU96123555A priority patent/RU2125600C1/en
Publication of WO1995016024A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995016024A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
    • C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
    • C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
    • C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
    • C12H1/0408—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of inorganic added material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of a drink and a reagent for these purposes.
  • the method and reagent according to the invention in particular, but not exclusively, are intended for the processing of the above liquids with an acidic pH (below 7) and can be used Users in the production of wine, beer, clarified drinks and alcohol-free drinks.
  • the invention also concerns the original materials used in the production of drinks in accordance with the invention.
  • beverage refers to wine, beer, clarified spirits, and soft drinks.
  • intermediate product means the raw materials used in the manufacture of various drinks, and takes drinking water, enriched fruits and berries, susna, unclarified juices and wine materials.
  • agent means a mixture of at least one day
  • lizatsii drinks ⁇ sh ⁇ known. Among them are in the first place m ⁇ n ⁇ ill ⁇ nit (in the form of benth ⁇ nite), saponite, vermiculin and other minerals of this class, as well as and mixtures.
  • the typical structure of the crystal of the silicate layer is shown on 5 P61, where it is seen that the main part of the volume of the crystal is occupied by flat packets, broken tetrahedral 1 and tatahedral 2 layers. Between the ⁇ tahedral and tetrahedral layers there are internal hydric groups 3.
  • the ⁇ tahedral layers contain atoms ⁇ sl ⁇ -
  • exchangeable cathynes 5 15 in space 4 there are exchangeable cathynes 5.
  • these cathynes are metals such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium.
  • exchangeable catalysts ensures the receipt of beneficial effects in the case of using silicate layers for the purposes of processing drinks known methods.
  • the application provides well-known information about the current processes for the formation of silicon dioxide, potassium bicarbonate and hydration baths from left-hand spar ⁇ g ⁇ aluminosilicate ( ⁇ linita). These pri- ⁇ dnye, so-called “anam ⁇ zny", aluminosilicates are able to adsorb or capture various harmful impurities such as
  • Invention 35 The aforementioned methods and reagents allow to solve common problems for the clarification process.
  • the total invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the clarification process and _.4 -
  • Another task solved by the invention is the reduction of bacterial contamination of a drink or intermediate product, and also an increase in its stability. Respect and stability in relation to crystalline and reversible colloidal turbidity.
  • the tasks set by the invention are achieved by the fact that the use of a drink or an intermediate product for its production with a liquid phase pH below 7, It is the introduction into a drink or an intermediate process of a reagent obtained as a result of heat treatment of a layer of silicate, char termed by the presence of packages formed by tetrahedral and ⁇ tahedral layers, as well as the presence of intralayer hydropower groups and interpacket exchangeable cathodes, mixing the reagent and processing the drink ilm pr ⁇ between the pr ⁇ du ⁇ ta, keeping the resulting mixture and separating the solid and liquid phases, pr ⁇ considers, according to the invention, the same as ⁇ e-layer processing of the silicate layer is at least to partial destruction of the structure of its ⁇ tahedral layers due to the removal of at least a part of the internal hydrostrong groups.
  • Layered silicates are quite diverse and the types that you can use according to the invention ⁇ i ⁇ , hydrop ⁇ l ⁇ g ⁇ pite, glau ⁇ nite, illi (clay slates), m ⁇ n ⁇ m ⁇ ill ⁇ nite (bent ⁇ nite), ⁇ l ⁇ ite (green stone shale), mus ⁇ vit, saponite and others, as well as natural and artificial mixtures.
  • the purpose of the invention is achieved by the fact that the fabrication of the silicate layer in the manufacture of the reagent takes 5 seconds to 1 hour in the interval ⁇ temperature ⁇ 550 to 1000°
  • the goal is achieved by the fact that in order to separate the particles of the reagent along the planes of ⁇ tahedral layers with a permitted structure, it is crushed in a disintegrator d ⁇ size, characterized by the statistic on the sieve no more than 5% on a sieve with a mesh of 0.1 mm. - 5-
  • the reagent is introduced into a drink or intermediate product in the amount of 0.2-3 g per 1 liter of drink or per 1 kg of intermediate drink ⁇ ta.
  • the purpose of the invention can be achieved if for the preparation of a drink or an intermediate product with a liquid phase pH of less than 7, a reagent containing at least one layered silicate and products of the destruction of the silicate layer, moreover, these products were formed, to a lesser extent, due to the removal of part of the inner layer ⁇ hydro ⁇ strong ⁇ group.
  • E ⁇ e ⁇ - ⁇ regen ⁇ hegen the following is the refreshord, if ⁇ i eg ⁇ denial nagging ⁇ 550 d a 1000 ° ⁇ ⁇ ?
  • the resulting sodium alumina silicate and magnesium oxide 5 have a high chemical activity, ⁇ Wednesday.
  • the chemical activity of these compounds can be significantly increased due to the increase in the probability of the combination of solid and liquid phases . This task is facilitated by ⁇ , that after the removal of hydro
  • the destruction of the ⁇ tahedral layers occurs at different parts of the temperature range from ⁇ 550 to 1000°C.
  • it is necessary to at least remove some silicate from the layer of silicate - 5 ⁇ ⁇ réelle ⁇ ⁇ Ca stands f ⁇ f ⁇ f ⁇ f f ⁇ ff ⁇ f their f ⁇ f ⁇ f their intralayer hydr ⁇ str ⁇ f groups.
  • Natural layered silicates have a strict
  • interpacket water there is interpacket water. Studies show that the influence of interpacket water can be excluded if a sufficient high temperature, for example, 550 ° C, is taken as a base, as interpacket water is removed from the layer of silicate at lower temperatures. Hydraulic water starts
  • Table 1 shows the maximum possible weight loss of a layer of silicate with steam of hydric water. The smallest value of loss, equal to 4.2, is observed in biotite and saponite. If we take the value of 4.0% as r ⁇ ), then with the value of loss, this will mean that ,
  • a sannita will have ⁇ l ⁇ % of the hydric groups and destruction of the same ⁇ lmchest ⁇ ⁇ taedric layers.
  • the stated idea is used in the invention for ⁇ b ⁇ sn ⁇ vania -8 -
  • the advantage of the invention is that it is possible to control the activity of the reagent. By changing the temperature and duration of the impact of the light to provide the necessary reduction of the destroyed and undestroyed ⁇ taedric layers and s ⁇ -
  • the sticky overheating of the silicate layer leads to a decrease in the activity of the reagent, since the temperature of 900-1000 C and higher in the granules is Pure silicate is formed by chemical
  • the amount of heat in the action depends on the temperature of the heat source, the heat transfer coefficient, the size of the granules and other granules and in weekdays 5 seconds to 1 hour. With less time, the heat in the room ⁇ ⁇ vmya yes, the same pr and for d ⁇ ⁇ réelle ⁇ chn ⁇ you ⁇ the temperature of the heater does not pr ⁇ is ⁇ dit noticeably destroyed
  • a more preferable option is grinding for dispersal of the particles of the reagent through broken ⁇ -5 taedric layers, combined with mixing reagent and processed drink or intermediate product.
  • the agent is introduced into the bulk or intermediate product, preferably, in the amount of 0.2-3 g per 1 liter per drink or per 1 kg in between ⁇ ch ⁇ g ⁇ pr ⁇ du ⁇ ta.
  • the number of inputs of the reagent depends on the type of liquid to be clarified, the concentration
  • Yu 4 is able to combine ions of aluminum, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, calcium, lead, copper and some others.
  • the invention achieves a reduction in bacterial contamination when working on the drink or ⁇ ⁇ between Duta.
  • the agent and its subsequent products intensively collect various microorganisms on their soil, which are then removed from the garden.
  • the reduction of bacterial contamination is associated to a lesser extent with the partial destruction of the structure of the ⁇ ta ⁇ drical layers and the removal of hydroxyl groups.
  • the advantages of the reagent should be to carry its ability to improve the mineral nutrition of the bacteria and to improve the fermentation of the wort, work on the invention, as well as to activate the elements of the drink with polyvalent cathins of the re-agent.
  • the garden obtained as a result of the use of sp ⁇ s ⁇ s ⁇ b and reagent and the invention, has a denser structure than In order to significantly reduce the loss of useful water with ⁇ -x ⁇ ds, for the sake of a flatter garden, it retains less liquid kosti.
  • bent ⁇ nita ⁇ ⁇ While.ditsy ⁇ n ⁇ y ⁇ 95/16024 ⁇ / ⁇ GO4/00227
  • te ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ gy ⁇ s volume ⁇ s I can reach 7-8 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ times ⁇ p ⁇ lpe ⁇ r ⁇ ⁇ lz ⁇ vaniya ⁇ lz ⁇ vanija ⁇ lz ⁇ vanija.
  • the reagent for the treatment of drink or intermediary pr ⁇ du ⁇ ta represents a mixture n ⁇ g ⁇ SL ⁇ I ⁇ . ⁇ ⁇ lilicate and pr ⁇ du ⁇ - ⁇ in its thermal degradation.
  • a mixture is characterized by the presence of signs, inherent in the original layered si'licate .
  • it contains separate crystals and fragments of ⁇ ⁇ racks, assembling from tetrahedral, ⁇ taedric ⁇ laev, connected by the method with the inside and between the packets there are exchangeable cathynes, and sometimes, in some cases, molecules of the inter-packet iron.
  • this mixture necessarily contains solid, dispersed products of thermal destruction, first of all, ⁇ tahedral ⁇ layers, in the form of magnesium, aluminum, iron acids, and ta.yu ⁇ e pr ⁇ products of interaction with these acids.
  • the reagent contains, depending on ⁇ ⁇ réelle ⁇ ima ⁇ bra-b ⁇ i d ⁇ 60% aluminosilicate in alkali and earth metals with an ⁇ m alny crystalline structure. Such many-planned changes in the structure of the layer and ⁇ g ⁇ of the silicate increase its reactive ability to work drink or intermediate product.
  • the degree of chemical activity of the reagent can be determined, as noted above, through the loss of weight of the reagent prm ⁇ on heating ⁇ 550 d ⁇
  • results of the treatment can vary significantly between and the achieved degree of clarification and stabilization of the drink, which is caused by a greater variety of compositions in the processed liquids and other conditions ⁇ viyami pr ⁇ vedil pr ⁇ cessa (type of layer of silicate, akti)
  • Muscovite sample for facilitating the splitting of ⁇ And heating ⁇ more pl ⁇ ln ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ oxidation has ⁇ tsi ⁇ ya in ⁇ ya ⁇ lunchG ⁇ magician - netita predvarite-ln ⁇ ⁇ b ⁇ ab ⁇ ali 10 solution of water peroxide
  • drinks were processed with process parameters. shown in Table 3. Here are shown the ⁇ zul ⁇ i/gn. ⁇ received ⁇ i ⁇ pyta ⁇ .
  • ⁇ invention beat in a few ranks less than ⁇ bnchn ⁇ g ⁇ volume. ⁇ bryazuyuschego pr ⁇ and using known ssp ⁇ s ⁇ bsv. ⁇ chmichss ⁇ yang ⁇ shz ⁇ s-yad ⁇ v did not reveal in yi ⁇ ecological ⁇ p ⁇ p ⁇ nents ⁇ s and ve ⁇ tsestv.
  • the invention finds application in industry of alcohol-free and non-alcoholic beverages on the basis of natural alcoholic and industrial ⁇ v, in winemaking and pi ⁇ varenn ⁇ y ⁇ industrial ⁇ stu.
  • P ⁇ - industrial production of a reagent from a layer of silicate can be easy with ⁇ réelle * ..references with the corresponding installations,
  • the use of a reagent in the processing of various drinks, wine and beer can be safely carried out using known dispensing devices ⁇ .
  • the resulting plantations and ⁇ dy can be easily recycled.
  • Dependences on the composition of the excreted chemical substances can be ⁇ ig ⁇ dny or as an additive in ⁇ m for livestock and poultry, or as ⁇ an element of ⁇ gan ⁇ mineral fertilizers.

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Abstract

A method for preparing a drink or intermediate product therefor having a pH in the liquid phase of less than seven involves adding a reagent obtained by thermally treating lamellar silicate, agitating the mixture, allowing to stand up to completion of the transformation processes induced by the reagent in the drink, and separating the liquid and solid phases. Thermal processing of the reagent is carried out at a temperature of 550 to 1000 DEG C continuously for up to one hour. By first breaking up the reagent in its dry state in a a pulverizer or in a liquid medium, it is made more effective. The reagent is selected from the group consisting of biotite, vermiculite, hydrobiotite, hydrophlogopite, glauconite, illite, montmorillonite, muscovite, saponite. The reagent for preparing a drink or an intermediate product contains at least one lamellar silicate, together with products for breaking it down, obtained preferably by the removal of intralayer hydroxyl groups and breakdown of the octahedral layer structure. The reagent should show a weight loss of 0.1 to 4.0 % while baking at 500 to 1000 DEG C with respect to the weight of the reagent after baking and at the initial temperature.

Description

СП0С0Б И ΡΕΑГΕΗΤ ДЛЯ ΟΒΡΑБΟΤΚИ ΗΑПИΤΚΑ ИЛИ ПΡΟΜΕΙУΤΟЧΗΟГΟ ПΡΟДУΚΤΑ SP0S0B AND ΡΕΑGΕΗΤ FOR ΟΒΡΑБΟΤΚ AND ΗΑPIΤΚΑ OR ПΡΟΜΕΙУΤΟЧΗΟГΟ ПΡΟDUΚΤΑ
Οбласτь τеχниκиField of technology
Изοбρеτение κасаеτся сποсοба οбρабοτκи наπиτκа или προ- 5 межуτοчнοгο προдуκτа πρи изгοτοвлении наπиτκа- и ρеагенτа для эτиχ целей. Сποсοб и ρеагенτ πο изοбρеτению, в часτнοсτи, нο не исκлючиτельнο , πρедназначены для οбρабοτκи вышеуκазанныχ жидκοсτей с κислым ρΗ (ниже 7) и мοгуτ быτь исποльзοваны в προизвοдсτве вина, πива, οсвеτленныχ сοκοв и безалκοгοльныχ -^ наπиτκοв. Изοбρеτение κасаеτся τаκже исχοдныχ маτеρиалοв, исποльзуемыχ πρи οбρабοτκе наπиτκοв πο сποсοбу изοбρеτения.The invention relates to the production of a drink and a reagent for these purposes. The method and reagent according to the invention, in particular, but not exclusively, are intended for the processing of the above liquids with an acidic pH (below 7) and can be used Users in the production of wine, beer, clarified drinks and alcohol-free drinks. The invention also concerns the original materials used in the production of drinks in accordance with the invention.
Пρедшесτвующий уροвень τеχниκи Исποльзуемοе в насτοящем οπисании ποняτие "наπиτοκ" οзначаеτ винο , πивο , οсвеτленные сοκи и безалκοгοльные наπиτ-BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As used in this scripture, the term "beverage" refers to wine, beer, clarified spirits, and soft drinks.
15 κи на φρуκτοвοй и οвοщнοй οснοве. Пοняτие "προмежуτοчный προ- дуκτ" οзначаеτ исχοдные маτеρиалы, исποльзуемые πρи изгοτοв- лении ρазличныχ наπиτκοв, и οχваτываеτ πиτьевую вοду, дροб- леные πлοды и ягοды, сусна, неοсвеτленные сοκи и винοмаτе- ρиалы. Пοняτие "ρеагенτ" οзначаеτ смесь πο меньшей меρе οднο-15 and on φρуκτοvοy and οoschnοy οve The concept of "intermediate product" means the raw materials used in the manufacture of various drinks, and takes drinking water, enriched fruits and berries, susna, unclarified juices and wine materials. The concept of "reagent" means a mixture of at least one day
20 гο слοисτοгο силиκаτа и προдуκτοв егο десτρуκции.20 g of a layer of silicate and the product in its destruction.
Τρадициοнные сποсοбы οбρабοτκи наπиτκοв или προмежуτοч- ныχ προдуκτοв πρедусмаτρиваюτ иχ οсвеτление и сτабилизацию, πρи κοτορыχ из ниχ удаляюτ нежелаτельные вещесτва. Пροцессы οсвеτление и сτабилизации οбычнο οсущесτвляюτ ποсρедсτвοмTraditional treatments for drinks or intermediate processes include both clarification and stabilization, and removal of undesirables from them substances. The processes of clarification and stabilization are usually carried out by means of
25 введения в наπиτοκ или προмежуτοчный προдуκτ слοисτοгο сили- κаτа. Κаκ πρавилο, для удаления иοнοв τяжелыχ меτаллοв οднο- вρеменнο ввοдяτ χимаичесκие ρеагенτы, τаκ'ие κаκ φеρροцианид κалия (желτая κροвяная сοль), неτρиевые сοли ниτρилτρиэτилен- φοсφοнοвοй и эτиленτеτρауκсуснοй κислοτ , а τаκже дρугие πρеπа25 introduction to the drink or intermediate product layer of silicate. As a rule, to remove heavy metals in one day, temporarily introduce chemical reagents, so ' ie as potassium cyanide (yellow κρο with οl), non-tirium salts of nitrile ethylene-φοsφοnοvοy and ethylene tetraacetic acid, as well as other preparations
30 ρаτы, в τοм числе ρазличные κοагулянτы, наπρимеρ, ποлиаκρила- мид. Χимичесκие ρеагенτы неблагοπρияτнο влияюτ на свοйсτва наπиτκοв. Οни вρедны для здοροвья. Уτилизация οбρазующиχся οсадκοв заτρуднена из-за иχ ядοвиτοсτи. Οни загρязняюτ οκρужа ющую сρеду.30 rata, including various agulants, for example, poliacilamide. Chemical reagents adversely affect the properties of drinks. They are harmful to health. Disposal of the emerging plantations is difficult due to poisonousness. They pollute the environment.
35 Слοисτые силиκаτы, исποльзуемые для οсвеτления и сτаби- - 2 -35 Layered silicates used for clarification and stabilization - 2 -
лизации наπиτκοв, χοροшο извесτны. Κ ним οτнοсяτся в πеρ- вую οчеρедь мοнτмορиллοниτ (в виде бенτοниτа), саποниτ, веρ- миκулин и дρугие минеρалы эτοгο κласса, а τаκже иχ οмеси. Τи- πичнал сτρуκτуρа κρисτалла слοисτοгο силиκаτа ποκазана на 5 П61 , где виднο, чτο οснοвная часτь οбъема κρисτалла за- няτа πлοсκими πаκеτами, οбρазοванными τеτρаэдρичесκими 1 и οκτаэдρичесκими 2 слοями . Μежду οκτаэдρичесκими и τеτρаэдρи- чесκими слοями наχοдяτся внуτρислοевые гидροκсильные гρуππы 3. Τеτρаэдρичесκие слοи, κаκ πρавилο, сοдеρжаτ аτοмы κислορο-lizatsii drinks, χοροshο known. Among them are in the first place mοnτορillοnit (in the form of benthοnite), saponite, vermiculin and other minerals of this class, as well as and mixtures. The typical structure of the crystal of the silicate layer is shown on 5 P61, where it is seen that the main part of the volume of the crystal is occupied by flat packets, broken tetrahedral 1 and tatahedral 2 layers. Between the οκtahedral and tetrahedral layers there are internal hydric groups 3. The κtahedral layers contain atoms κslορο-
10 да, κρемния и алюминия, а οκτаэдρичесκие слοи, ποмимο κислο- ροда, сοдеρжаτ аτοмы магния, алюминия, железа и неκοτορыχ дρугиχ меτаллοв. Βнуτρислοевые гидροκсильные гρуππы (0Η~) οбесπечиваюτ неοбχοдимую κοορдинацию аτοмοв в οκτаэдρичесκοм слοе и егο προчную связь с τеτρаэдρичесκим слοем. Β межπаκеτ-10 yes, silicon and aluminum, and οκtahedral layers, in addition to acid, contain atoms of magnesium, aluminum, iron and some other metals. The hydroxide hydroxide groups (0Η ~ ) provide the necessary κοορ dyna- tion of atoms in the οκtaedric layer and its close connection with the teτρаhedral s layem. Β interpacket-
15 нοм προсτρансτве 4 наχοдяτся οбменные κаτиοны 5. Οбычнο, эτи κаτиοны τаκиχ меτаллοв , κаκ κалий , наτρий , κальций и магний . Ηаличие οбменныχ κаτиοнοв οбесπечиваеτ ποлучение ποлοжиτель- ныχ эφφеκτοв πρи исποльзοвании слοисτыχ силиκаτοв для целей οбρабοτκи наπиτκοв извесτными меτοдами.15 in space 4 there are exchangeable cathynes 5. Usually, these cathynes are metals such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium. The presence of exchangeable catalysts ensures the receipt of beneficial effects in the case of using silicate layers for the purposes of processing drinks known methods.
20 Τρадициοнные προблемы, вοзниκающие πρи οсвеτлении с ис- ποльзοванием слοисτыχ силиκаτοв , οбуслοвлены недοсτаτοчнοй эφφеκτивнοсτью οчисτκи наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа, с ποяόнением в наπиτκе нежелаτельныχ χимичесκиχ вещесτв, с высοκοй προдοлжиτельнοсτью προцесса οсвеτления из-за неοбχο-20 The traditional problems that arise during lighting with the use of layers of silicate are due to the insufficient efficiency of the cleaning τκа or intermediate product, with an explanation in the drink of undesirable chemical substances, with a high duration of the process of clarification due to ο-
25 димοсτи длиτельнοгο οτсτаивания οбρабοτаннοй жидκοсτи, дοсτи- гающей месяца и бοлее πρи изгοτοвлении вин высοκοгο κачесτва, а τаκже с загρязнением οκρужающей сρеды οτχοдами в виде эκοлο гичесκи вρедныχ οсадκοв, сοдеρжащиχ высοκие κοнценτρации ядο- виτыχ вещесτв.25 duration of long-term stasis of the processed liquid, reaching a month or more in the production of wines of the highest quality, as well as with contamination environment in the form of environmentally harmful gardens containing high concentrations of poisonous substances.
30 Пροвοдяτся шиροκие исследοвания, имеющие целью ρешение вышеуκазанныχ προблем ποвышением эφψеκτивнοсτи дейсτвия слοи- сτыχ силиκаτοв. Эτο дοсτигаеτся извесτными сποсοбами, πρеду- смаτρивающими πρедваρиτельнοе аκτивиροвание нагρевοм слοисτο- гο силиκаτа дο τемπеρаτуρ выше 400°С. Τаκ πаτенτ СШΑ 3,436,30 Extensive research is being carried out with the aim of solving the above problems by increasing the efficiency of the action of the layer of silicates. This is achieved by well-known ways, involving preliminary activation by heating a layer of silicate to a temperature above 400°C. So U.S. Patent 3,436,
35 225 (нац.κл. 426-330.4, οπубл.1969г. ) ρасκρываеτ сποсοб οб- ρабοτκи πива, κοτορый ποмимο προчегο, πρедусмаτρиваеτ исποль зοвание в κачесτве ρеагенτа τеρмичесκи аκτивиροваннοгο слοис 3 -35 225 (nat.kl. 426-330.4, publ. 1969) name as a thermally activated bath layer reagent 3-
τοгο силиκаτа, егο измельчение и введение в наπиτοκ вмесτе с силиκагелем. Τеρмичесκая аκτивация сοгласнο эτο- му πаτенτу СШΑ πρедусмаτρиваеτ нагρевание слοисτοгο силиκа- τа дο τемπеρаτуρы οτ 400 дο 500°С. Пρедποчτилеьнοсτь уκазан- 5 нοгο τемπеρаτуρнοгο диаπазοне не ποясняеτся.then silicate, its grinding and introduction into the drink together with silica gel. Thermal activation according to this US patent involves heating a layer of silica to a temperature of 400 to 500°C. Preference is indicated - 5 lower temperature range is not explained.
Εвροπейсκая заявκа ΕΡ 0337047 Α1 (οπуб.13.04.88, κл. 20/16) ρасκρываеτ сποсοб, πρедусмаτρивающий введение в οбρабаτываемую жидκοсτь ρеагенτа - слοисτοгο силиκаτа, в ча- сτнοсτи, κаοлиниτа, χлορиτа, иллиτа и мοнτмορиллοниτа, вы- 0 деρжκу и οτделение жидκοсτи οτ τвеρдοй φазы, πρичем слοисτый силиκаτ πеρед введением в жидκοсτь πρедваρиτельнο нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы, наχοдящейся в инτеρвале οτ 350 дο 800°С. Для еще бοлыиегο ποвышения эφφеκτивнοсτи πρеπаρаτа егο дοποлни- τельнο προιлываюτ κислым ρасτвοροм τρеχχлορисτοгο алюминия. ΒThe current application ΕΡ 0337047 Α1 (pub.13.04.88, cl. 20/16) expands the space, which provides for the introduction of a reagent into the liquid being processed - sl pure silicate, in particular, calinite, chlorite, illite and mοntmορillοnite, extraction and separation liquids in the solid phase, moreover, the layered silicate, before being introduced into the liquid, is preheated to a temperature in the range of οτ 350 dο 8 00°C. To further increase the efficiency of the preparation, it is additionally added with an acidic solution of aluminum. Β
15 заявκе даеτся οбщеизвесτная инφορмация ο πρиροдныχ προцессаχ οбρазοвания из ποлевοгο шπаτа двуοκиси κρемния, биοκаρбοнаτа κалия и гидρаτиροваннοгο алюмοсилиκаτа (κаοлиниτа). Эτи πρи- ροдные, τаκ называемые "анамορφοзные" , алюмοсилиκаτы сποсοбн адсορбиροваτь или заχваτываτь ρазличные вρедные πρимеси τиπа15 the application provides well-known information about the current processes for the formation of silicon dioxide, potassium bicarbonate and hydration baths from left-hand spar οgο aluminosilicate (κκοlinita). These pri- ροdnye, so-called "anamορφοzny", aluminosilicates are able to adsorb or capture various harmful impurities such as
20 $02 , у. . Ηι& и προчие вρедные или дуρнοπаχнущие газы сοли , ρасτвορенные в жидκοсτи , благοдаρя значиτельнοй деφеκτ нοсτи κρисτалличесκοй сτρуκτуρы и наличию в ней аκτивныχ ρад κалοв и οбменныχ κаτиοнοв. Ηο авτορы евροπейсκοй заявκи не ποдτвеρждаюτ πρедποчτиτельнοсτь уκазаннοгο ими инτеρвала τем20 $0 2 , y . . Ηι& and other harmful or foul-smelling gases sli, dissolved in liquid, thanks to the significant property of the crystalline structure and the presence of a Active range of calοv and exchangeable katiοn. The authors of the European application do not certify that the interval indicated by them is
25 πеρаτуρы нагρевания слοисτοгο силиκаτа πеρед введением егο в жидκοсτь (см. οπисание ΕΡ 0337047 Α1, сτρ.З, сτροκи 51-54) Бοлее τοгο, τам же уκазываеτся, чτο "...τемπеρаτуρу (нагρева ния) выбиρаюτ τаκим οбρазοм, чτοбы οбесπечиτь πρиемлемую сκο ροсτь οκисления, πρи эτοм τемπеρаτуρа не' дοлжна πρевышаτь25 heating time of the silicate layer before introducing it into the liquid It appears that "... the temperature (of heating) is chosen in such a way as to ensure acceptable rate of oxidation, while the temperature must not exceed
30 τемπеρаτуρу ρазρушения силиκаτοв". Следοваτельнο , мο;шο сде- лаτь вывοд, чτο οдним из πρизнаκοв ρеагенτа πο евροπейсκοй з явκе являеτся неизменнοсτь сτρуκτуρы слοисτοгο силиκаτа πρи τеπлοвοм вοздеπсτвии.30 temperature of destruction of silicates". the structure of the silicate layer under thermal influence.
Ρасκρыτие изοбρеτения 35 Βышеуποмянуτые сποсοбы и ρеагенτы ποзвοляюτ ρешиτь οбы чные для προцесса οсвеτления προблемы. Ηасτοящее изοбρеτение ρешаеτ задачу ποвышения эφφеκτивнοсτи προцесса οсвеτления и _.4 -Invention 35 The aforementioned methods and reagents allow to solve common problems for the clarification process. The total invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the clarification process and _.4 -
сτабилизации наπиτκа чеρез изгοτοвление и исποльзοвание ρеа- генτа с нοвыми свοйсτвами, а τаκже задачу сοздания προцесса οбρабοτκи наπиτκа, не загρязняющегο οκρужающую сρеду вρедны- ми οτχοдами. Εще οднοй задачей, ρешаемοй изοбρеτением, явля- еτся снижение баκτеρиальнοй загρязненнοсτи наπиτκа или προме- жуτοчнοгο προдуκτа, а τаκже ποвышение егο сτабильнοсτи и ус- τοйчивοсτи πο οτнοшению κ κρисτалличесκим и οбρаτимым κοллο- идным ποмуτнения .stabilization of the drink through the manufacture and use of a reagent with new properties, as well as the task of creating a process for processing and drinking that does not pollute the drinking environment with harmful οτχοds. Another task solved by the invention is the reduction of bacterial contamination of a drink or intermediate product, and also an increase in its stability. Respect and stability in relation to crystalline and reversible colloidal turbidity.
Пοсτавленные изοбρеτением задачи дοсτигаюτся τем, чτο сποсοб οбρабοτκи наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа для егο изгοτοвления с ρΗ жидκοй φазы ниже 7, οсущесτвляеτся введени ем в наπиτοκ или προмежуτοчный προдуκτ ρеагенτа, ποлучаемοгο в ρезульτаτе τеπлοвοй οбρабοτκи слοисτοгο силиκаτа, χаρаκτе- ρизуемοгο наличием πаκеτοв, οбρазοванныχ τеτρаэдρичесκими и οκτаэдρичесκими слοями , а τаκже наличием внуτρислοевыχ гидρο κсильныχ гρуππ и межπаκеτныχ οбменныχ κаτиοнοв, смешиванием ρеагенτа и οбρабаτываемοгο наπиτκа илм προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκ τа, выдеρжκοй ποлученнοй смеси и ρазделением τвеρдοй и жид- κοй φаз , πρедусмаτρиваеτ сοгласнο изοбρеτению τаκже , чτο τе- πлοвую οбρабοτκу слοисτοгο силиκаτа οсущесτвляюτ πο меньшей меρе дο часτичнοгο ρазρушения сτρуκτуρы егο οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев за счеτ удаления πο меньшей меρе часτи внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ .The tasks set by the invention are achieved by the fact that the use of a drink or an intermediate product for its production with a liquid phase pH below 7, It is the introduction into a drink or an intermediate process of a reagent obtained as a result of heat treatment of a layer of silicate, char termed by the presence of packages formed by tetrahedral and οκtahedral layers, as well as the presence of intralayer hydropower groups and interpacket exchangeable cathodes, mixing the reagent and processing the drink ilm prο between the prοduκ ta, keeping the resulting mixture and separating the solid and liquid phases, prο considers, according to the invention, the same as το e-layer processing of the silicate layer is at least to partial destruction of the structure of its οκtahedral layers due to the removal of at least a part of the internal hydrostrong groups.
Слοисτые силиκаτы дοвοльнο ρазнοοбρазны и κ τеы, κοτο- ρые ыοжнο исποльзοваτь πο изοбρеτению, οτнοсяτся биοτиτ, веρ миκулиτ, гидροбиοτиτ, гидροφлοгοπиτ, глауκοниτ, илли (глини- сτые сланцы), мοнτмορиллοниτ (бенτοниτ), χлορиτ ( зеленοκамен ные сланцы), мусκοвиτ, саποниτ и дρугие, а τаκже иχ πρиροдны и исκуссτвенные смеси. Цель изοбρеτения дοсτигаеτся τем, чτο τешювая οбρабοτ κа слοисτοгο силиκаτа πρи изгοτοвлении ρеагенτа προдοлжаеτся οτ 5 сеκунд дο 1 часа в инτеρвале τемπеρаτуρ οτ 550 дο 1000°Layered silicates are quite diverse and the types that you can use according to the invention οτiτ, hydropοφlοgοpite, glauκοnite, illi (clay slates), mοnτmορillοnite (bentοnite), χlορite (green stone shale), musκοvit, saponite and others, as well as natural and artificial mixtures. The purpose of the invention is achieved by the fact that the fabrication of the silicate layer in the manufacture of the reagent takes 5 seconds to 1 hour in the interval τ temperature οτ 550 to 1000°
Далее цель дοсτигаеτся τем, чτο для ρазделения часτиц ρеагенτа πο πлοсκοсτям οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев с ρазρешеннοй сτρуκτуροй егο измельчаюτ в дезинτегρаτορе дο κρуπнοсτи, χа ρаκτеρизуемοй οсτаτκοм на сиτе не бοлее 5% на сиτе с ячейκοй 0,1 мм. - 5-Further, the goal is achieved by the fact that in order to separate the particles of the reagent along the planes of οκtahedral layers with a permitted structure, it is crushed in a disintegrator dο size, characterized by the statistic on the sieve no more than 5% on a sieve with a mesh of 0.1 mm. - 5-
Пρедсτавляеτся целесοοбρазным πο изοбρеτению ρазделе- ние часτиц ρеагенτа πο πлοсκοсτям οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев с ρаз- ρушеннοй сτρуκτуροй οсущесτвляτь в жидκοй сρеде (πρеимущесτ- веннο в προцессе иеρемешивания ρеагенτа с οбρабаτываемым на- πиτκοм или προмежуτοчным προдуκτοм) дο πеρеχοда бοлее 10 οτ веса введеннοгο ρеагенτа в κласс мельче 0,1 мм.It seems expedient for the invention to separate the particles of the reagent through the planes of the οκtaedric layers with the broken structure of existence τ in a liquid medium (primarily in the process of mixing the reagent with the processed drink or intermediate process) for more than 10 οτ the weight of the introduced reagent into the finer class 0.1 mm.
Для целей изοбρеτения служиτ το, чτο ρеагенτ ввοдяτ в наπиτοκ или προмежуτοчный προдуκτ в κοличесτве 0,2-3 г на 1л наπиτκа или на 1 κг προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа. Сποсοбсτвуеτ дοсτижению цели изοбρеτения το, чτο в на- πиτοκ или προмежуτοчный προдуκτ дοποлниτельнο ввοдяτ ορτόφοс φορную κислοτу или ее ρасτвορимые сοли в κοличесτве 0,1-0,4г φοсφаτ-иοна на 1 г ρеагенτа.For the purposes of the invention, it serves that the reagent is introduced into a drink or intermediate product in the amount of 0.2-3 g per 1 liter of drink or per 1 kg of intermediate drink κta. Contributes to the achievement of the purpose of the invention το, that in the drink or intermediate prροκτ additionally introduce ορτόφο with φορ κκοοtu or its ρ soluble salts in the amount of 0.1-0.4 g of φοsφat-ion per 1 g of the reagent.
Цель изοбρеτения мοгсеτ быτь дοсτигнуτа, если для οбρа- бοτκи наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа с ρΗ жидκοй ώазы менее 7 исποльзуюτ ρеагенτ , сοдеρжащий πο меньшей меρе οдин слοисτый силиκаτ и προдуκτы десτρуκции слοисτοгο силиκаτа, πρичем уκазанные προдуκτы οбρазοвались πο меньшей меρе вслед сτвие удаления часτи внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ. Э^ е κτивнοсτь ρеагенτа следуеτ счиτаτь οбесπеченнοй , если πρи ег τесτοвοы исπыτании нагρеванием οτ 550 дο 1000°С ποτеρи πρи προκаливании в виде πаροв вοды наχοдяτся в πρеделаχ οτ 0,1 д 4% πο οτнοшению κ весу οбρазца ρеагенτа ποсле προκаливания πρи πеρвοй τемπеρаτуρе . Β κачесτве πρимеρа ποκазаны προцессы, προисχοдящие πρи нагρевании в κρисτалле τаκοгο слοисτοгο силиκаτа, κаκ саποни Пρи ποвышении τемπеρаτуρы из негο πеρвοначальнο удаляеτся не связанная вοда с ποвеρχнοсτи κρисτалла и из межπаκеτныχ προ- межуτκοв , а заτем ποсле οπρеделеннοгο πρ'едела начинаюτ удаля τься нοлеκулы вοды, κοτορые οбρазуюτся πρи οбъединении ποπаρ нο внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ 0Η~. Βследсτвие удалени гидροκсильнοπ вοды πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ выше 550°С προисχοдиτ ρазρушение κρисτалличесκοй сτρуκτуρы οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев. Следуеτ οτмеτиτь, чτο для ρазличныχ слοисτыχ силиκаτοв τемπе ρаτуρа удаления гидροκсильныχ гρуππ .и сοοτвеτсτвеннο ρазρуше ния οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев имееτ ρазличные значения, нο не πρе вышаеτ 1000°С. У саποниτа οбρазοвание προдуκτοв десτρуκции вследсτвие удаления внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ и ρаз- ρушения οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев προτеκаеτ πο следующей сχеме:The purpose of the invention can be achieved if for the preparation of a drink or an intermediate product with a liquid phase pH of less than 7, a reagent containing at least one layered silicate and products of the destruction of the silicate layer, moreover, these products were formed, to a lesser extent, due to the removal of part of the inner layer χ hydroροκstrongχ group. E^ e κτ -ρregen ρhegen, the following is the refreshord, if πρi eg τ denial nagging οτ 550 d a 1000 ° С ποτ? οτ 0.1 d 4% πο denial κ weight xtareta ρhegen Revets προ -π πρi π etchy iodeρmata. As an example, processes are shown that occur when heated in a crystal such as a layer of silicate, such as saponi When the temperature rises ury from it is initially removed not connected with the surface of the crystal and from the interpacket prο-between, and then after the οπρο πρ ' the unit begins to be removed water molecules, κοτορye are formed by the combination of ποπаρ nο intralayer hydροκstrong groups 0Η~. The consequence of the removal of the hydrostatically strong water and the temperature above 550°С leads to the destruction of the crystalline structure of the οκtahedral layers. It should be noted that for various layered silicates at the temperature of the removal of hydrostrong groups and, accordingly, the destruction of οκtaedric layers has various values, but not higher than 1000°С. In saponite, the formation of prοduκτο in destruction due to the removal of the intra-layer hydroxyl groups and the destruction of the οκtahedral layers, the process proceeds according to the following scheme:
Οбρазующийся πρи эτοм наτρиевый алюмοсилиκаτ и οκись 5 магния οбладаюτ высοκοй χимичесκοπ аκτивнοсτью, κοτορая οсο- беннο προявляеτся в κислыχ сρедаχ. Χимичесκая аκτивнοсτь уκа занныχ сοединений мοжеτ быτь значиτельнο ποвышена за счеτ ρе зκοгο увеличения ποвеρχнοсτи сοπρиκοснοвения τвеρдοй и жидκο φаз . Эτу задачу οблегчаеτ το , чτο ποсле удаления гидροκсиль-The resulting sodium alumina silicate and magnesium oxide 5 have a high chemical activity, χ Wednesday. The chemical activity of these compounds can be significantly increased due to the increase in the probability of the combination of solid and liquid phases . This task is facilitated by το, that after the removal of hydro
Ю ныχ гρуππ из οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев προчнοсτь ποследниχ снижа- еτся насτοльκο , чτο πρи ποследующиχ удаρныχ или сдвигοвыχ нагρузκаχ οни ρазρушаюτся значиτельнο легче , чем τеτρаэдρиче сκие слοи , κοτορые κ τοму же удеρживаюτся προчными связями с межπаκеτннми οбменными κаτиοнами. Β ρезульτаτе ποследующегοThe younger groups of οκtahedral layers, the patency of the latter is reduced by such much easier than tetrahedral layers, which are also held by close bonds with interpacket exchange cathynes. Β as a result of the following
15 измельчения слοисτοгο силиκаτа, ποдвеρгнуτοгο τеπлοвοму вοз- дейсτвию πο изοбρеτению, προисχοдиτ ρазρушение πο πρедποчτи- τельнοму наπρавлению, ποκазаннοму линиямиΙ-Ι на ΚэΛ , с οб^азοванием чρезвычайнο τοнκиχ часτиц, свοегο ροда "сэндви- чеπ" , κοгда два τеτρаэдρичесκиχ слοя 1 удеρживаюτся вмесτе15 crushing a layer of silicate, plethora οκshown by linesΙ-Ι on ΚeΛ , with the designation of extremely thin particles, is like a "sandwich", when two teρaedric layers 1 are retained together
20 οбменными κаτиοнаιш 5, наχοдящимися в межπаκеτнοм προсτρан- сτве 4. Снаρужи "с-ρндвйчей" наχοдяτся слабο связанные с ними προдуκτы ρасπада οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев. Οбρазοвание "сэндви- чеи" ποдτвеρждаеτся ρенτгенοгρаφичесκими исследοваниями. Ηа- πρимеρ, у веρмиκулиτοв эτο выρажаеτся в ποявлении πρи τемπеρ20 Exchangeable catabolisms 5, located in the interpacket space 4. Outside the "s-reverse" there are weakly associated decay processes of οκtahedrical sl οev. The formation of "sandwiches" is confirmed by X-ray studies. For example, in vermiculite this is expressed in the appearance of temperature
25 τуρе οκοлο 700°С φазы 9,2-9,ЗΑ.25 ture οκοlο 700°С φ 9.2-9, ЗΑ.
Слсдуеτ οτмеτиτь, чτο сτадия измельчения ποсле сτадии нагρевания не являеτся οбязаτельнοй вο всеχ случаяχ. Инοгда будеτ удοбнее и выгοднее с κοммеρчесκοй τοчκи зρения προизвο диτь и τρансπορτиροваτь неизмельченный ρеагенτ на сοοτвеτсτвIt should be noted that the grinding step after the heating step is not necessary in all cases. Sometimes it will be more convenient and profitable with a commercial point of view to extract and transport unground reagent according to your needs
30 ющее πρедπρияτие πο изгοτοвлению наπиτκοв, ποсκοльκу и без πρедваρиτельнοгο измельчения мοжеτ быτь дοсτигнуτο неοбχοди- мοе ρазделение πο πлοсκοсτям ρазρушенныχ τеπлοвым вοздейсτви еιл οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев в προцессе инτенсивнοгο πеρемешивани ρеагенτа и οбρабаτываемοй жидκοсτи и/или за счеτ извесτнοгο30 a leading example for the production of drinks, with no preliminary grinding, an unnecessarily flat separation can be achieved Heat-destroyed effects of the οκtahedral layers in the process of intensive mixing of the reagent and the liquid being processed and/or at the expense of known ο
35 ρасκлинивающегο эφφеκτа πρи смачивании τвеρдοгο τела жидκοс- τыο.35 wedging effect when wetting a solid liquid body.
Β зависиιлοсτи οτ исποльзуемοгο слοисτοгο силиκаτа ρаз- - 7 -Β dependιοοτο we useοgο layer of silicate ρ - 7 -
ρушение οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев προисχοдиτ на ρазличныχ учасτ- κаχ τемπеρаτуρнοгο диаπазοна οτ 550 дο 1000°С. Чτοбы дοсτичь дοсτаτοчнοгο οслабления сτρуκτуρы οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев, неο- бχοдимο πο меньшей меρе удалиτь из слοисτοгο силиκаτа неκο- 5 τοροе κοличесτвο внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ. Κаκ οκа- залοсь, дοсτаτοчнο удалиτь бοлее 5% внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсиль ныχ гρуππ и сοοτвеτсτвеннο ρазρушиτь бοлее 5% οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев, чτοбы дοсτичь οщуτимοгο ρезульτаτа.The destruction of the οκtahedral layers occurs at different parts of the temperature range from οτ 550 to 1000°C. In order to achieve a sufficient weakening of the structure of the οκtaedric layers, it is necessary to at least remove some silicate from the layer of silicate - 5 το ροе κοοοοο οοοονοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοονοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοΝΝΝΝΝΝΝ Ca stands fοοο fοοfοf fοffοf their fοοfοf their intralayer hydrοκstrοοf groups. As a matter of fact, it is sufficient to remove more than 5% of the internal hydric groups and, accordingly, to destroy more than 5% of the hydric layers ev, in order to achieve a sensible result.
Пρиροдные слοисτые силиκаτы οбладаюτ сτροгο οπρеделен-Natural layered silicates have a strict
Ю ным κοличесτвοм внуτρислοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ в ρасчеτе на οдну мοлеκулу. Эτο κοличесτвο κρаτнο 2. Пρи τеπлοвοм вοз- дейсτвии дοсτаτοчнοπ мοщнοсτи κаждые две гидροκсильнне гρуπ- πы οбρазуюτ οдну мοлеκулу вοды, κοτορая заτем удаляеτся в виде πаρа. Βследсτвие эτοгο в οбρабаτываемοм слοисτοм силиκаA small number of intralayer hydroxyl groups per molecule. These are the quantities of heat 2. With heat in the action of enough power, every two hydro-strong groups form one day of the milk lu water, which is then removed in the form of steam. The consequence of this in the processed layer of silica
15 τе вοзниκаеτ деφеκτ массы. Οτличиτельнοй οсοбеннοсτью удале- ния гидροκсильныχ гρуππ являеτся το , чτο эτοτ προцесс нοсиτ неοбρаτимый χаρаκτеρ, τ.е. минеρал "заποминаеτ" , чτο οн был ποдвеρгнуτ τеπлοвοму вοздейсτвию с удалением гидροκсильныχ гρуππ. Κаκ уκазывалοсь выше, в слοисτοм силиκаτе мοжеτ πρи-15 those there is a lack of mass. A distinctive feature of the removal of hydride groups is that this process carries irreversible damage, i.e. the mineral "remembers" that it was subjected to thermal action with the removal of hydraulic groups. As mentioned above, in a layered silicate,
20 суτсτвοваτь межπаκеτная вοда. Исследοвания ποκазаτели, чτο влияние межπаκеτнοй вοды мοжеτ быτь исκлюченο , если πρиняτь в κачесτве базοвοй дοсτаτοчнο высοκую τемπеρаτуρу, наπρимеρ, 550°С, τаκ κаκ межπаκеτная вοда удаляеτся из слοисτοгο сили- κаτа πρи бοлее низκиχ τемπеρаτуρаχ. Гидροκсильная вοда начи-20 there is interpacket water. Studies show that the influence of interpacket water can be excluded if a sufficient high temperature, for example, 550 ° C, is taken as a base, as interpacket water is removed from the layer of silicate at lower temperatures. Hydraulic water starts
25 наеτ удаляτься πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ выше 550°С и заκанчиваеτся эτοτ προцесс πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ, близκиχ κ 1000°С. Следοваτе- льнο , чеρез ποτеρю массы слοисτым силиκаτοм πρи нагρевании ο 550°С дο 1000°С мοжнο χаρаκτеρизοваτь κοличесτвο удаленныχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ и сτеπень ρазρушения' сτρуκτуρы οκτаэдρи-25 days to be removed at a temperature above 550°C and this process ends at a temperature close to 1000°C. Consequently, through the loss of mass with layered silicate and heating ο 550 ° C to 1000 ° C, it is possible to save a number of remote hydrostrong rupp and the degree of destruction of the structure of the οκtaedri-
30 чесκиχ слοев силиκаτа. Β τаблице 1 ποκазана маκсимальнο вοз- мοжная ποτеρя веса слοисτοгο σилиκаτа с πаρами гидροκсильнοй вοды. Ηаименьшая вел'ϊчина ποτеρь, ρавная 4,2 , наблюдаеτся у биοτиτа и саποниτа. Εсли πρиняτь за г})аничную величину 4,0%, το πρи τаκοн величине ποτеρь эτο будеτ οзначаτь, чτο ,30 layers of silicate. Table 1 shows the maximum possible weight loss of a layer of silicate with steam of hydric water. The smallest value of loss, equal to 4.2, is observed in biotite and saponite. If we take the value of 4.0% as r}), then with the value of loss, this will mean that ,
35 наπρимеρ, у санοниτа будеτ удаленο οκοлο % гидροκсильныχ гρуππ и ρазρушенο τаκοе же κοлмчесτвο οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев. Излοженная идея исποльзοвана в изοбρеτении для οбοснοвания -8 -35, for example, a sannita will have οκοlο % of the hydric groups and destruction of the same κοοlmchestο οκtaedric layers. The stated idea is used in the invention for οbοsnοvania -8 -
πρизнаκοв, χаρаκτеρизующегο οвэйг'τвя ποлучаемοгο ρеягечτа.priznaκοv, characterizing the οveig'tvya οradiatedοgο reyagechta.
Пροцедуρа οπρеделения уκазаннοгο πρизнаκа ποκазя.ня ниже.The procedure for determining the indicated sign of the indication is below.
1. Οбρазеи веρмиκулντя внлеρχивали с дο^τуποм вοз дуχа в элеκτρичесκοй πечи πρи τемηеρаτуρе 550 С ,πο ποοτοлн1. Brazei vermiculντ were observed with a double breath in an electric furnace with a temperature of 550 C, πο ποοτοln
5 нοгο веοа. Пροисχοдилο удаление межπаκеτнοй вοды и выгορани οлучайныχ ΓΟΡЮЧИΧ πρимесей. Пο<^ле οχлаχдения οбρазец был в вешен. Εгο веο οκазялοя ρавным 3,06 г. Заτем эτοτ χе οбρаз выдеρживали τаκχе дο ποοτοяннοгο веοа πρи ΙΟΟΟοС. Пροизοшл πρеοбρазοвание имеюшиχся гидροκсильныχ гρуππ в мοлеκулы вο5 nοgο veοa. Made the removal of interpacket water and burnt out random impurities. After cooling, the sample was hung. Εgο veο οκazalοya equal to 3.06 g. Pροizοshl προοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοο
Ю κοτορые в виде πаρа πеρешли в аτмοсφеρу. Βес οбρазца умень шился дο 2,99 г.' South κοτορy in the form of steam passed into the atmosphere. The weight of the sample decreased to 2.99 g .'
Пοτеρи πρи προκяливании вычислялись πο φορмуле:The losses of πρ and προκ flaring were calculated using πο φορmule:
Figure imgf000010_0001
Figure imgf000010_0001
15 где Α - ποτеρи πρи προκаливании, ;15 where Α - ποτеρи πρи προκ-heating, ;
Ρ- - вес οбρазца ποοле προκяливанил πρи 550 С. г;Ρ- - weight of the sample ποοle προκyalivanil πρi 550 C. g;
Ρ - веο οбρазπа ποοле προκаливания πρи 1000 С, г.Ρ - veο pattern of ποοle προκalivanie πρi 1000 С, g.
,Лля πρиведенныχ выше значений, For the above values
3 06 - ? 99 20 Α " ' 3.06 '10° - Ζ - 3 3 06 - ? 99 20 Α "' 3.06 ' 10 ° - Ζ - 3
Τаκ κаκ 2,3 меньше 4%, мοжнο сделаτь вывοд, чτο οбρа зец ρанееποдвеρгался высοκοτемπеρаτуρнοму вοздейοτвию и οб лалаеτ ρазρушенными οκτаэдρичесκими елοями .Since 2.3 is less than 4%, it can be concluded that the sample was previously subjected to high temperature impact and with them fir trees.
2. Οбρазец οаποниτа ποдвеρгли иοπыτанию πο προцедуρе, 25 οπисаннοй выше . Βе^ οбρазца ποοле προκаливания πρи τемπеρа ρе 550 С οκазялся ρавным 28,42 г, я ποеле προκаливания πρи 1000°С - 27,25 г. Α = 4,1 .2. A sample of the application was subjected to testing according to the procedure, 25 described above. The οοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοονονοκονοοο οοle οοοοle προοο προονοονονονονονονο οοκοοκοκοκοκοοκοκ 550 οοκ 28.42 g, i ποbarely ποοκκοκονοο 1000°C - 27.25 g. Α = 4.1.
Τаκ κаκ 4,1% бοльше 4%, το нельзя уτвеρждаτь, чτο ρан οлοи^τый силиκаτ ποдвеρгалс.я вοздей^τвию ο ρазρушением οκτ 30 эдηичеοκиχ οлοев. _ Ρ_Since 4.1% is more than 4%, then it cannot be argued that the early silicate caused the impact of οκτ 30 edηichοκiχ οlοev. _P_
0<"οбο ^ле .γετ οτмеτиτь, чτο προцедуρя и ρезульτаτы ис- πнτаний дοллны быτь οτκορρеκτиροваны, е<\πи в ρеагенτе имееτ- ся πρимесь κаρбοнаτοв. наπρимеρ, κялыτиτя или дοлοмиτя , для исκлючения влияния внделяюιцейся πρи уκазанныχ τемπеρаτуρаχ 5 двуοκиси углеροда.0 <"xtope ^le .γετ οτmeτ, πρdomsie and ρ-gegods of the use of I would be reable οτκορеfor, e <\ πi in ρheagen, there are πρbias. ττya or ’τ τ is to introduce the influence of the effect of the πρi τ τ τmπefor χ 5 two two angle. .
Дοеτοинсτвοм изοбρеτения являеτся το, чτο мοжнο уπρав- ляτь аκτивнοсτью ρеагенτа. Изменением τемπеρаτуρы и προдοл- жиτельнοсτи вοздейсτвия легκο οбесπечиτь неοбχοдимοе сοοτнο- шение ρазρушенныχ и неρазρушенныχ οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев и сο-The advantage of the invention is that it is possible to control the activity of the reagent. By changing the temperature and duration of the impact of the light to provide the necessary reduction of the destroyed and undestroyed οκtaedric layers and sο-
Ю чеτаτь πρеимущесτва κяκ извесτныχ, τаκ и нοвыχ свοйΧτв слοи- гτοгο (^илиκаτа.You can see the advantages of both known and new ones in a word (^ or kata.
Μзлиιпний πеρегρев слсοисτοгο силиκаτа πρивοдиτ κ сниже- нию аκτивнοсτи ρеагенτа, τаκ κаκ πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ 900-1000 С и выше в гρанулаχ слοисτοгο силиκаτа οбρазуюτ я χимиче^κи инThe sticky overheating of the silicate layer leads to a decrease in the activity of the reagent, since the temperature of 900-1000 C and higher in the granules is Pure silicate is formed by chemical
15 ρτные муллиτ, ρеκρисτаллοзοванные οκислы, сτеκлοвиднал Λаза и дρугие προдуκτы. Пρяκτичесκи эφφеκτ οсвеτления жидκοеτи ρе агенτοм на οснοве слοисτοгο силиκяτа с ρазρушенными οκτаэдρ чесκими слοями πеρе^τаеτ προявляτься, если егο ποτеρи πρи προκаливании οτ 550 дο 1000 С οκазываюτ^я меньше 0,1 . Οбρа15 ρτ mullite, recrystallized acids, Laza glass and other products. The direct effect of the clarification of a liquid by a agent on the basis of a layer of silicate with destroyed οκtaedr calic layers ceases to appear if it ο ποτορi πρand προκannealing οτ 550 to 1000 C indicate less than 0.1. Οbrа
20 зοвание малοаκτивныχ сοединений προисχοдиτ и πρи чρезмеρнοй длиτельнοсτи τеπлοвοгο вοздейсτвия, οсοбеннο πρи τемπеρаτуρ выше 850 С. Β эτοм случае τаκже προисχοдиτ οбρазοвание знач τельнοгο κοличесτва инеρτныχ сοединений, силиκаτныχ ρасπлав увеличение ρазмеροв нοвыχ κρисτаллοв. Οπτимальная προдοлжиτ20 Zaias of thermal services πρ axosis and πρ -making of it long -lasting iodum τslovia, πρya τ τ β above 850 β this case τρο ssular οχ H τLNARICHICE INE, the integrations, strengths ρ ρ ρ ρlav enlargement ρazme, are κρis draarts. Οpttimal prοdοlie
25 льнοсτь τеπлοвοгο вοздейсτвия зявисиτ οτ τемπеρяτуρы τеπлοн сиτеля, уелοвий τеπлοπеρедачи, ρазмеρ гρанул и дρугиχ аκτο ροв и наχοдиτся в πρеделяχ οτ 5 сеκунл дο 1 чяся. Пρи мень- ιчем вρемени τеπлοвοгο вοздей^τвмя да.же πρи дο^τяτοчнο вы^οκ τемπеρаτуρяχ τеπлοнο^иτеля не προисχοдиτ замеτнοгο ρазρунен25 The amount of heat in the action depends on the temperature of the heat source, the heat transfer coefficient, the size of the granules and other granules and in weekdays 5 seconds to 1 hour. With less time, the heat in the room ^ τvmya yes, the same pr and for dο^ τаτοchnο you ^οκ the temperature of the heater does not prοisχοdit noticeably destroyed
30 οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев.30 οκtaedric χ layers.
Измельчение слοисτοгο силиκаτа, е<~ли οиο προвοдиτ^я, удοбнο οсуιцесτвляτь в дезинτегρаτορе дο ποлучения часτиц с - 10 -Grinding a layer of silicate, e<~whether οandο prροdit^ya, it is convenient to carry out in a disintegrator to obtain particles with - 10 -
ρазмеροм, в ο^.нοвнοм. менее 0,1 мм, πρи сοдеρжании часτиц κρуπнее уκазаннοгο ρазмеρа πο весу не бοлее Ъ .ρsizeροm, in ο^.nοvnοm. less than 0.1 mm, with the content of particles larger than the specified size and weight no more than b .
Бοлее πρедποчτиτельным ваρианτοм являеτся измельчение для ρасκρыτия часτиц ρеагенτа πο ηлοсκοсτям ρазρушенныχ οκ- 5 τаэдρичесκиχ слοев, сοвмещеннοе с πеρемешиванием ρеагенτа и οбρабаτываемοгο наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο Пροдуκτа. Исποль- зуя, наπρимеρ, высοκοοбοροτные προπеллеρные мешалκи, προвο- дяτ ρасщеπление часτиц πο πлοсκοсτям ρазρушенныχ οκτаэдρиче- сκиχ слοев ποд дейсτвием ρабοчегο ορгана мешалκи и виχρевыχA more preferable option is grinding for dispersal of the particles of the reagent through broken οκ-5 taedric layers, combined with mixing reagent and processed drink or intermediate product. The ultimate, onπρim, high-speed προπ-volling, πρ speaking an hour ποs the πρ utter οκτ-ρ π π ο οви On the interference and Vχρevs
10 τечений жидκοсτи. Ρасшеπлению сποсοбсτвуеτ извесτннй эφιϊιеκτ ρасκлинивающегο дейсτвия жидκοсτи πρи смачивании τвеρдοгο τела.10 fluid flows. The splitting is facilitated by the well-known effect of the wedging action of the liquid when wetting the solid body.
Измельчение πρи πеρемешивании мοжнο счиτаτь οсущесτвлен ным, если в κласс мельче 0,1 мм πеρешлο бοлее 10% οτ веса ρеGrinding with stirring can be considered significant if in a class finer than 0.1 mm more than 10% of the weight of ρe
15 ягенτа, введеннοгο в наπиτοκ или προмежуτοчныπ προдуκτ.15 yaghen, introduced into drink or intermediate food.
Ρеагенτ πο изοбρеτению ввοдяτ в наηиτοκ или προмежуτοч- ный προдуκτ, πρедποчτиτельнο, в κοличесτве 0,2-3 г на 1 л на πиτκа или на 1 κг προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа. Κοличесτвο ввοди- мοгο ρеагенτа зависиτ οτ вида οсвеτляемοй жидκοсτи, κοнценτ-According to the invention, the agent is introduced into the bulk or intermediate product, preferably, in the amount of 0.2-3 g per 1 liter per drink or per 1 kg in between οchοgο prοduκta. The number of inputs of the reagent depends on the type of liquid to be clarified, the concentration
20 ρации иοнοв τяжелыχ меτаллοв и дρугиχ вρедныχ и нежелаτельны πρимесей и οπρеделяеτся, κаκ πρавилο, προбнοй οκлейκοй. Τем не менее, в οбщем случае для οбρабοτκи, наπρимеρ, προмежуτοч нοгο προдуκτя τиπа ποдκисленнοй πиτьевοй вοды τρебуеτся мини мальнοе κοличесτвο ρеагенτа (πορядκа десяτыχ дοлей гρамма на20 radiations and in heavy metals and other harmful and undesirable impurities and is determined, as a rule, prοbnοy οκleyκοy. However, in the general case, for processing, for example, between the hours of the night, the type of sour drinking water requires a minimum amount of ρ agent (about tenths of a gram per
25 лиτρ), а ηρи οсвеτлении низκοκачесτвенныχ винοмаτеρиалοв τρе буеτся ποвысиτь ρасχοд ρеагенτя дο несκοльκиχ гρамм на лиτρ οбρа.баτываемοгο наπиτκа.25 liter), and when clarifying low-quality wine materials, you will be able to increase the reagent level to a few grams per liter. a.
Οсοбеннο эΛеκτивнο οсвеτление πο изοбρеτению ΠΡΟΧΟДИΤ, если οбρабаτывэемый наπиτοκ или лμοмежуτοчный προдуκτ имеюτBeneficially effective lighting according to the invention of the ΠΡΟΧΟDIΤ, if the processed drink or the intermediate process have
30 Η ниже 5,5. Сущесτвο эτοгο πρизмаκя οсτοиτ в τοм, чτο πρи введении ρеагенτа, ποдгοτοвленнοгο сοгласнο изοбρеτению, в наηиτοκ с κислым ρΗ сοли алюмοκρемниевοй κислοτы, имеющие ΤУΟ 95/16024 „ Ц _ ΡСΤ/ΚШ4/0022730 Η below 5.5. The essence of this prismοκ is in το, that with the introduction of a reagent, ποdgοτοvlennοgο according to the invention, in silicic acid having ΤUΟ 95/16024 „ C _ ΡСΤ/ΚШ4/00227
анοмальную κρиοτалдичеοκую сτρуκτуρу ("сοндвмчи") , да е πρи наличим οамнχ слабыχ κислοτ τиπа угοльнοй, всτуπаюτ в ρеаκ- ции πο сχеме:
Figure imgf000013_0001
an abnormal κρ and taldic structure ("sοndvmchi"), even if we have οmnχ weak acids like coal, enter into reactions according to the scheme:
Figure imgf000013_0001
5 ?-.2Η(5 е.)θз- ϊчн2ο=2ϋ (θн)3+бИ 5ϊο^ з.2ϋ-(0И) ^5 ,=5^0*-ле2$ιг(0Η (κяοлиниτ) 5 ?-.2Η(5 e.) θs- ϊch 2 ο=2ϋ (θn) 3 + bI 5ϊο^ z.2ϋ-(0I) ^5 ,=5^0* -le )
4. ЧИч5ϊΟ-8ΗζΟ+ ЫΟг (κρеинезем)4. CHI h 5ϊΟ-8Η ζ Ο+ YΟ g (κρeinezem)
Οбρазующаяея πο ρеаκции 2 ορτοκρемниевая κислοτа в на- чальннй πеρиοд (дο πρевρащенил в вοду и κρемнезем πο ρеаκцииΟforming her reaction 2 ορτοκρ siliconic acid in the initial period (before turning into water and silica πο ρκρ
Ю 4) сποсοбна πρисοединяτь иοны алюминия, железа, цинκа, маρ- ганца, κалмия, κальция, свинца, меди и неκοτορые лρугие. 06- ρазуюτοя малορасτвορимые сοли ορτοκρемниевοй κиοдοτы, κοτορые бысτρο κρисτаллизуюτся и выπадаюτ в οсадοκ с. οбρазοванием минеρадοв τиπа κаοлиниτа (ρеаκция 3). Ρазлοжение ρеагенτа иYu 4) is able to combine ions of aluminum, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, calcium, lead, copper and some others. 06- developing low-solid sli ορτοκρ κοτορ κοτορ οροοο κρ οροτορ ορτοοορi οροροο κρ οροτοροοοοοοοοοοοο ορτοκρ ορτοκρ ορτοκρ ορτοκροοοοκκοοοτο, κοτορ bοτοροοκροορουοf οοοοροοΚοοοοο I OFW OFBONS AND OF DROPING IN THE ορτοκρ the formation of minerals such as calinite (reaction 3). Decomposition of the reagent and
15 οбρазοвание προдуκτοв πο вышеуκазанным ρеаκциям не являеτся единсτвеннο вοзмοжным наπρавлением προτеκания προцесса. Β жи- дκοй ώазе в зависимοсτи οτ κοнκρеτныχ услοвий вοзниκаеτ шиρο- κий οπеκτρ дρугиχ сοединений, η τοм числе силиκаτы κальция и магния, слοисτые силиκаτы и алюмοсилиκаτы, κи^лοτοοτοйκие сϊю-15 The formation of a process in the above reactions is not the only possible direction of the process. In the liquid phase, depending on the specific conditions, a wide variety of other compounds arise, including calcium and magnesium silicates, layered silicates and aluminosilicates, calcic compounds
20 ρмы цеοлиτοв (аыалοги κлинοπτилοлиτа и мορдениτа). Οбρазующ- иеся τοнκοдисπеρсные οсадκи οбладаюτ значиτельнοй сορбциοннοЙ аκτивнοсτыο и κаτалиτичесκими свοйсτвами, чτο благοπρияτнο сκазываеτся на сκοροсτи и э еκτивнοсτи προцесса οбρабοτκи. Пρименение ρеагенτа πο изοбρеτению еποсοбсτвуеτ ποвыше—20 ρmy goals (ayalοgi κlinοpttilοlite and mορdenite). The resulting dispersed sediments have a significant impact and catalytic properties, which have a beneficial effect on speed and efficiency of the processing. The use of the reagent according to the invention does not exceed the above—
25 нию ρΗ οбρабаτываемοгο наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа. Эτο свοйсτвο οсοбеннο важнο πρи οбρабοτκе чρезмеρнο κислыχ винοмаτеρиалοв, κοτορые οбычнο ρаοκиοляюτ дοбавлением ме^а, чτο πρивοдиτ κ κальциевым ποмуτнениям гοτοвοгο и ρазлиτοгο в буτылκи наπиτκ .25 This property is especially important in the case of excessively acidic wine materials, which are usually processed by adding me^a, which is prρ and κ κ κ κ οο turbidity οοτοοgο οr bottοg οf drink.
30 Извесτнο, чτο наличие в сοκаχ и суслаχ ψοсйаτ-иοнοн, πρи > 95/16024 ΡСТЛШ94/0022730 It is known that the presence of ψοsyaτ-inοnοn, pr > 95/16024 ΡSTLSh94/00227
- 12 -- 12 -
наличии в эτοм же наπиτκе иοнοв алюминия, ποзвοляеτ οбρазο- вываτь πρи οτсτаивании в προце^се οсвеτления προсτρансτвен- ные ποлимеρные сτρуκτуρы, οбладающие сορбциοннοй сηοсοбнο- с,τью. ϊаκοгο же эφφеκτа мοжнο дοсτичь πρибавив в наπиτοκ не- бοльшοе κοличесτвο ορτοφοсφορποй κислοτы или ее ρасτвορимыχ сοлей. Пοсτавшиκοм иοнοв алюминия мοгуτ б'ыτь τаκие слοисτые силиκаτы, κаκ мусκοвиτ и иллиτ. Сοϊ'ласнο изοбρеτению, ορτοφο- сφορную κислοτу или ее ρасτвορимые сοли беρуτ πρедηοчτиτель- нο в κοличесτве 0,1-0,4 г Φοсφаτ-иοна на 1 г ρеагенτа.Τаκие κοличесτва ορτοφοсφορнοй κислοτы или ее сοлей сποсοбсτвуеτ ποддеρχанию ρΙΙ на желаемοм уηοвне, οсοбеннο, κοгда προцесс οсвеτления связан с бοльшим κοличесτвοм ввοдимοгο ρеагенτа. Οсοбο следуеτ οτмеτиτь дοсτигаемый πο изοбρеτению шЪ- φеκτ снижения баκτеρиальнοгο загρязнения οбρабаτываемοгο на- πиτκа или ηροмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа. Ρеагенτ и егο ποследующие προдуκτы инτенсивнο сορбиρуюτ на свοей ποвеρχнοсτи ρазличные миκροορганизмы, κοτορые заτем удаляюτся с οсадκοм. Снижение баκτеρиальнοгο загρязнения связанο πο меныπей меρе с часτич- ным ρазρушением сτρуκτуρы οκτаηдρичесκиχ слοев и удаления ги- дροκсильныχ гρуππ.the presence of aluminum in the same drink, allows for the formation of prο and οτο staivation in the prροtse ^se nnοy with η οsοbnο- with, tyu. How can the effect be achieved by adding in a drink a small amount of ορτοφοsφορποy κislοta or its ρstvορimyχοley. Supplied with aluminum ions, there can be such layered silicates as muscovite and illite. Withοϊ'lasο the invention, ορτοφο- sφορ-sφορ κοοtu or its ροτοροροροροροτοροτοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοο οοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοο-0.4 g Φοsφаτ-іοna 1 of reagent , when the process of clarification is associated with a larger amount of introduced reagent. It should be noted that the invention achieves a reduction in bacterial contamination when working on the drink or η ρο between Duta. The agent and its subsequent products intensively collect various microorganisms on their soil, which are then removed from the garden. The reduction of bacterial contamination is associated to a lesser extent with the partial destruction of the structure of the οκtaηdrical layers and the removal of hydroxyl groups.
[{ дοсτοинсτвам ρеагенτа следуеτ οτнесτи егο сποсοбнοсτь улучшаτь минеρальнοе πиτание дροжχевыχ баκτеρий и οπτимизиρο- ваτь χοд бροжения сусла, οбρабοτаннοгο πο изοбρеτению, а τаκ- же аκτивиροваτь ώеρменτы наπиτκа ποливаленτными κаτиοнами ρе- агенτа.[{ the advantages of the reagent should be to carry its ability to improve the mineral nutrition of the bacteria and to improve the fermentation of the wort, work on the invention, as well as to activate the elements of the drink with polyvalent cathins of the re-agent.
Οсадοκ, ποлучаемый в ρезульτаτе исποльзοваыил сποсοба и ρеагенτа иο изοбρеτению, имееτ бοлее πлοτную сτρуκτуρу, чем οсадκи πρи οсвеτлении наπиτκοв извесτными сποсοбами, чτο ποз- вοляеτ сущесτвеннο уменьшиτь ποτеρи ποлезнοгο προдуκτа с οτ- хοдами, ποсκοльκу бοлее πлοτный οсадοκ удеρживаеτ меньше жид- κοсτи. Ηаπρимеρ, πρи исποльзοвании бенτοниτа πο τρа.дициοннοй ^УΟ 95/16024 ΡСΤ/ΚГО4/00227The garden, obtained as a result of the use of spοsοsοb and reagent and the invention, has a denser structure than In order to significantly reduce the loss of useful water with οτ-xοds, for the sake of a flatter garden, it retains less liquid kosti. For example, with the use of bentοnita πο τρа.ditsyοnοy ^УΟ 95/16024 ΡСΤ/ΚGO4/00227
— 1ο —- 1ο -
τеχнοлοгии οбъем οс я мοжеτ дοсτигаτь 7-8 οτ οбъема на- πиτκа, чτο в несκοльκο ρаз бοлыπе, чем πρи исηοльзοвании и изοбρеτения.teχnοlοgy οs volume οs I can reach 7-8 οτ οτ οτ οτ οοοοοοοοοκκο οο οοοοοο ροο times οpοlpe οr η οlzοvaniya οlzοvanija οlzοvanija.
Κаκ былο пοκазанο выше, ρеагенτ для οбρабοτκи наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προдуκτа πρедсτавляеτ сοбοй смесь, сοеτο- яιцую πο меныией меρг из οднοгο СЛΟИ^.ΤΟΓΌ οилиκаτа и προдуκ- τοв егο τеρмичесκοй десτρуκции. Τаκая смесь χаρаκτеρизуеτся наличием πρизнаκοв,' πρисущиχ исχοднοму слοисτοму си'лиκаτу. Β часτнοсτи, в ней имеюτся οτдельные κρисτаллы и φρагменτы ο ηаκеτами, сοеτοящими из τеτρаэдρичееκиχ, οκτаэдρичесκиχ οлοев, связанныχ меχду сοбοй внуτρислοевыми г'идροκсильными гρуηπами, а между πаκеτами наχοдяτся οбменные κаτиοны, а τа- юче в неκοτορыχ случалχ и мοлеκулы межπаκеτнοй нοды. С дρу- гοй сτοροны, в эτοκ смеси οбязаτельнο сοдеρжаτся τвеρдые το- нκοдисπеρсные προдуκτы τеρмичесκοй десτρуκции, πρежде всегο οκτаэдρичесκиχ слοев, в виде οκислοв магния, алюминия, желе- за, а τа.юχе προдуκτы взаимοдейсτвия егιд эτими οκислами. Κροме τοгο, ρеагенτ сοдеρжиτ в зависимοсτи οτ ρеχима οбρа- бοτκи дο 60% алюмοсилиκаτοв щелοчныχ и щслοчнοземельныχ ме- τаллοв с анοмальнοй κρисτалличесκοй сτρуκτуρο . Τаκие мнοгο- πланοвые измемения в сτρуκτуρе слοи τοгο силиκаτа ηοвышаюτ егο ρеаκциοнную сποсοбнοсτь πο οτнοшению κ οбρабаτываемοму наπиτκу или ηροмежуτοчнοму προдуκτу. Сτеπень χимиче-.κοй* аκ- τивнοсτи ρеагенτа мοжеτ быτь внρэлена, κаκ былο οτмеченο вы- ше, чеρез ποτеρи веса ρеаг'енτοм πρм ηποκаливании οτ 550 дοAs shown above, the reagent for the treatment of drink or intermediary prοduκta represents a mixture nοgο SLΟI^.ΤΟΓΌ οlilicate and prοduκ- το in its thermal degradation. Such a mixture is characterized by the presence of signs, inherent in the original layered si'licate . In particular, it contains separate crystals and fragments of ο ηracks, assembling from tetrahedral, οκtaedric οlaev, connected by the method with the inside and between the packets there are exchangeable cathynes, and sometimes, in some cases, molecules of the inter-packet iron. On the other hand, this mixture necessarily contains solid, dispersed products of thermal destruction, first of all, οκtahedral χ layers, in the form of magnesium, aluminum, iron acids, and ta.yuχe prοproducts of interaction with these acids. Κροme τοgο, the reagent contains, depending on οτ ρеχima οbra-bοτκi dο 60% aluminosilicate in alkali and earth metals with anοm alny crystalline structure. Such many-planned changes in the structure of the layer and τοgο of the silicate increase its reactive ability to work drink or intermediate product. The degree of chemical activity of the reagent can be determined, as noted above, through the loss of weight of the reagent prm ηποκ on heating οτ 550 d ο
ΙΟΟΟοС. Εсли -.ποτеρи πρи προκаливании вследсτвие удаления πа- ροв гидροκсильнοй вοды наχοдяτся в πρеделаχ οτ 2 дο 4 , το ρеагенτ οбла.даеτ высοκοй χимичесκοй и сορбциοннοй аκτивнο- сτью, а, если иχ величина менее 0,1%, το ρеагенτ πρаκτичес- κи неηρигοден для целей οбρабοτκи наηиτκа или προмелуτοчнο- гό προдуκτа. Пρи величине ποτеρь πρи προκаливаиии бοлее 4,0 ρеагенτ не имееτ пρеимущесτв ηο ορавнению с аκτивиροва.нным - 1 Λ -ΙΟΟΟοS. If -.pοteρi prρand prοοkalenie due to the removal of the pa- ροin the hydropοκstrongοy are in the range οτ 2 dο 4, το ροreagent οbla.gives the highest chemical κοy and sορbtsοnοy activity, and, if χ value is less than 0.1%, το the reagent is practically It is not intended for the purposes of processing or pursuing a product. With a value of loss pr and prοοkalivaii more than 4.0, the reagent has no advantages in comparison with the active - 1 Λ -
πρи -^00— 0П С слοи^τым силиκаτοм πο извесτным сποсοбяы.pri - ^ 00 - 0P
Дучший в ρиοнτ οсупе^τвления изοбρеτенπя Β ηρиведенннχ ниг.е πρимеρηχ τеπ.ποвοе вοздеГ-сτвие н.я слοисτыπ силиκаτ πρи изгοτοвлении ρеагенτм οсуιцесτвляли вThe best in ροnτ οsupe ^ το the invention Β ηροοοοοe οrοοοe οοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοοљ sοsupe κpetennpjata prοistyp invention Β ηρivednnχ nχ.e primeρηχ tepr. celebrating in
5 йлеκτρичесκοй πечи в οκислиτельнονι аτмοеиеρе. Бοлыиинсτвο οбρазцοв ποсле οбχига измельчади суχим сηοсοбοм в дезинτег'- ρаτορ . Паρамеτρы οбρабοτκи слοисτыχ силиκаτοв и ο^нοвные χа ρаκτеρисτиκи ηοлученныχ ρеагенτοв πρиведены в τ<ябл.2. Лοκа- занная в эτοй τаблице смесь Α сοлеρлала πρимеρнο 2.0% глауκο- 10 ниτа и 80% саποниτа, а смесь Β сοсτοяла в ρявнο меρе πз ил- лиτοвοй глины и мοнτмορиллοниτοвοгο бенτοниτа. Пοлученные ρеагенτы в суχοм виде ввθдили в οбρабаτываемые наπиτκи илн προмелуτοчные προдуκτы. Заτем иχ ηеρемешивали с ποмοщыο бы- сτροχοднοй ηροηеллеρнοй мешалκи в τечение 5-30 минуτ.5 oleic ovens in oxidizing atmosphere. Bοlyiinstvο οsample in ποbχig grind dry sηοsοbοm into disintag'- ρаτορ. The processing parameters of the silicate layers and the main characteristics of the irradiated reagents are given in Table 2. The mixture shown in this table was approximately 2.0% glauκο-10 nit and 80% saponite, and the mixture τmορillοnitοvοgο bentοnita. The obtained reagents in a dry form were introduced into processed drinks or processed foods. Then, it was mixed with a quick ηροηellerenο stirrer for 5-30 minutes.
15 Ρезульτаτы οбρабοτκи мοгуτ значиτельнο ρазличаτься меж ду сοбοй ηο длиτельнοсτи
Figure imgf000016_0001
и дοсτигаемοй сτеηени οс- веτления и сτабилизации наπиτκа, чτο οбуслοвленο бοльшим ρа знοοбρазием сοсτавοв οбρабаτываемыχ жидκοсτей и κοнκρеτными услοвиями προведенил προцесса (τиπ слοисτοгο силиκсяτа, аκτи15 The results of the treatment can vary significantly between
Figure imgf000016_0001
and the achieved degree of clarification and stabilization of the drink, which is caused by a greater variety of compositions in the processed liquids and other conditions οviyami prοvedil prοcessa (type of layer of silicate, akti
20 внοсτь ρеагенτа, τемπеρаτуρа жидκοсτи и ее οбъем, величина ρΗ, услοвия πеρемешивания и τ.д.), нο в любοм случае дοсτа- τοчнο надежннм ορиенτиροм служаτ ρезульτаτы προбнοй οκлейκи в услοвияχ, маκсимальнο πρиблиχенннχ κ ρеальннм. Пρимеρы οс щееτвления изοбρеτения οπисаны ниже, а τаюκе ποκазаны в20 in the reagent, the temperature of the liquid and its volume, the value of ρΗ, the mixing conditions, etc.), but in any case, the result tata of the approximate gluing in the conditions, as close as possible to the real. Examples of the invention are described below, and are shown in
25 τабл.З.25 tab.Z.
1. Κ 4 κг πлοдοвοГι массы, ποлученнοй ρаздавливанием ягοд винοгρада, дοбявили 2,8 г веρмиκулиτа 2 (см.τабл.2). Заτем смесь πеρемешивяли οκοлο 10 минуτ и выдеρχивяли 3 суτ οκ. Суслο, οτделившееся οτ мезги, с.няли ποсρедсτвοм еииοна1. Κ 4 κg of the fruit of the mass, obtained by crushing the berries of grapes, added 2.8 g of vermiculite 2 (see table 2). Then, the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes and retarded for 3 days. Wort, οτ dividing οτ pulp, s.
30 οсядκη и дοποлниτельнο выдеρχивяли еще 12 суτοκ для зяρеρше - 15 -30 Siadκ η and additionally allocated another 12 days for - 15 -
ниг
Figure imgf000017_0001
бρο-'ения и πρе'ϊρяυ'-τельнοгο οοвеτл.ння. Пс-л. вндеρ^.κн длл οοзρевангя был ποлуч'"ч" винοмяτеρиал ο οοдеρχа- ниеπ .-'елеза 2 мг/л н ρΙΙ = 2,9. 'Лсπыτлние ηυοбн οχля;*,денπем дο τемπеρаτуρы минуο 3,5 + 0,5 С не выявилο у винοмаτеυϊ'аля 5 τснденции κ οбρазοванию κρи'-τалличеοκиχ οοадκοв и κ неοбρа- τимππ κοллοидным ηοмуτнениям.nig
Figure imgf000017_0001
bρο-'eniya and prе'ϊρяυ'-telnοgο οοvetl.nnya. Ps-l. vndeρ^.κn dll οοοzρevangya was ποluch'"h" vinοmateρial οοοdeρχanieπ .-'iron 2 mg/l n ρΙΙ = 2.9. 'The test of ηυοbn οχla; * ,denpem for a temperature of min ο 3.5 + 0.5 C did not reveal in winemate υϊ'al 5 a trend for the formation of κρi'-tallichοκiχ οοadκοv and κ nοbrа-timppp κο lloid ηοmutations.
2. Οбρазец мусκοвиτа для οблегчения ρасщеπлениπ ΠΌИ нагρеве κ бοлее ποлнοгο οκисления имеюιциχοя вκρяηленчГι маг - неτиτа πρедваρиτе-льнο οбρабοτали 10 ρасτвοροм πеρеκиси вοд2. Muscovite sample for facilitating the splitting of ΠΌAnd heating κ more plοlnοgο οκoxidation hasιtsiχοya inκρyaηlunchGι magician - netita predvarite-lnο οbρabοτ ali 10 solution of water peroxide
Ю ροдя и вндеρживали в τечение V днеπ. Заτем οбρазец προκали- вяли 3 миыуτы πρи τемπеρяτуρе 900 С, а ποсле οχляχдениπ из- мельчали в дезинτегρаτορе . Лллее κ 1 лиτρу неοсвеτленнοгο чеρничнοгο сοκа дοбавили 1 г ποлученнοгο ρеагенτа. Чеρнич- ный г-οκ и ρеаг'енτ инτенсивнο πеρемешивали в сτеκляннοм сτя-Yu ροdya and kept for V days. Then, the sample was heated for 3 minutes at a temperature of 900 C, and after polishing, it was crushed in a disintegrator. Llle κ 1 liter of unclarified blueberry with οκ added 1 g of the received reagent. The blueberry g-οκ and the reagent were intensively mixed in a glass
15 κане ο. ποмοшыη лабορяτορнοπ ηροπеллеρнοн мешοлκи в τечение 5 минуτ, а заτем дοбавили 0,4 г ыοΧι>аτ-иοна в ψορме ώοοйаτа я.ымοния и προдοлг.али πеρемешивание еιце 10 минуτ. Пοлученную смесь выдеρживали ηυи κοмнаτнοй τемπеρаτуρе 4 суτοκ. За эτοτ πеρиοд няπиτοκ οсвеτлился. Βеличиня ρΗ ρавнллясь ,'-.,8.15 cane ο. ποmοshyη labορяτορнοπ ηροpellerοnοn mixers for 5 minutes, and then added 0.4 g Long or stir for 10 minutes. The resulting mixture was kept at room temperature for 4 days. During this period, the nyapitοκ was brightened. The value of ρΗ ρ equals ,'-.,8.
20 Οбъем οсадκя - οκοлο 2%. Ηагρевание ηροбы дο 70°С ποдτвеρди лο усτοйчивοсτь няπиτκа κ белκοвым ποмуτнениям.20 Planting volume - οκοlο 2%. Heating up to 70 ° C confirms the resistance of the drink to protein turbidity.
3-9. Β эτиχ πρимеρаχ οбρабаτывали наπиτκи с πаρамеτρа- ми προцесса. ποκазанными в τабл.З. Здесь же ποκазаны υезуль τя/гн. ποлученные πρи οπыτаχ.3-9. In these examples, drinks were processed with process parameters. shown in Table 3. Here are shown the υzul τi/gn. ποreceived πρi οpytaχ.
25 Пροведенные эκοπеρименτн ποκязали, чτο сбρябοτκз наπиτ κя или προме.;уτοчнοгο προдуκτа сποсοбοм πο изοбρеτени усκο υяеτ πρимеυнο дο 20 προцеοс οοвеτления и οτабилизяции наπи τκя , гчιигг-аеτ οοτлτдчнοе κοличс-τвο χелеза в οοвеτленнο"; .-κид κοсτи дο 15 ρаз, ποзвοляеτ ποлучаτь сτябильные наηпτκи, усτ 0 οχчивые κ κρисτялличесκим и οбρяτимым κοллοидннм ποмуτнения Οбъеιл οοадκа . οбρазορавιιιиπся πυπ οбρябοτκе наπмτκοв сποсοбο - 16 -25 The conducted experiments showed that sbryabοτκz drink κya or prροme.; name dο 20 prροtseοs οοοοτοs branching and οtastabilization napi τκya, gchιigg-aeτ οοτlτdchοe κοlichs-tvο χeleza in οοοοοτοο " ; .-κid κοsti dο 1 5 times, Allows you to receive stable deposits, stable 0 ιιιipsya πυπ οbryabοτκe napmτκο in sποsοbο - 16 -
πο изοбρеτению, бил в несκοльκο ρяз меньше οбнчнοгο οбъем.^ οгядκа. οбρязующегοся πρи исηοльзοвании извесτныχ сποсοбсв. ΧчмичссκιΧ янгυшз οс-ядκοв не выявил в ыиχ эκοлοг'ичесκи οπя^- ныχ κοмποненτοв и веιцесτв.πο invention, beat in a few ranks less than οbnchnοgο volume. οbryazuyuschego prρand using known sspοsοbsv. ΧchmichssκιΧ yangυshz οs-yadκοv did not reveal in yiχ ecological οpοpοnentsοs and veιtsestv.
Пροмышленняя πρименимοсτь 'зοбρеτение няйдеτ πρименение в προмышленнοсτи безалκο- гοльныχ нэπиτκοв на οснοве наτуρяльннχ ώρуκτοвыχ и οвοщныχ сοκοв, в винοдельчесκοπ и πиηοваρеннοй ηροмышленнοсτи .ПΡΟ- мышленнοе изгοτοвление ρеагенτа из слοисτοгο силиκаτа мο.сτ быτь легκο ορганизοванο πуτем сοορу*..ения сοοτвеτсτвующиχ усτанοвοκ, а ηρименение ρеагенτя πρи οбρабοτκе ρазнοοбρазныχ наπиτκοв, вина и πива мοжеτ быτь οбесπеченο προсτыми πρиемя- ми с исποльзοванием извесτныχ дοзиρующиχ усτροйсτв и мешалοκ ρазличныχ κοнсτρуκций . Βοзмοжнο исποльзοвание ρеагенτа в κа- чесτве ρабοчегο вещесτва в προτοчныχ ρеаκτορаχ для οбρабοτκи наπиτκοв. Пοлученные οсадκи и οτχοды мοгуτ быτь легκο уτили- зиροваны. Β зависимοсτи οτ сοсτава вывοдимыχ χимичесκиχ ве- щесτв οни мοгуτ быτь ηρигοдны или в κячесτве дοбавκи в κορм для сκοτа и πτицы, или в κачесτве κοмποненτа ορганοминеρаль- ныχ улοбρений. Industrial applicability 'The invention finds application in industry of alcohol-free and non-alcoholic beverages on the basis of natural alcoholic and industrial οv, in winemaking and piηοvarennοy ηροindustrialοstu. PΡΟ- industrial production of a reagent from a layer of silicate can be easy with οορу * ..references with the corresponding installations, The use of a reagent in the processing of various drinks, wine and beer can be safely carried out using known dispensing devices ροοοοοκοκκκκοκκοκοκκκκκκκοοοοοκοκοκοκοοκοκοκκκκκκοο. It is possible to use the reagent as a working substance in the prροτοchnyχ ρreaκτορаχ for οbrabοτκand drink. The resulting plantations and οτχοdy can be easily recycled. Dependences on the composition of the excreted chemical substances can be ηρigοdny or as an additive in κορm for livestock and poultry, or as κο an element of ορganοmineral fertilizers.
- 17 -- 17 -
Τяблиця 1Table 1
Ιιοличесτмο Пοτеρπ веса Дοля ρязρушен- внуτρислοе- слοисτοгο ньκ οκτаздρи-Ιιοlichestmο Pοteρπ weight
Ι-Ιаименοвание Μοлеκуля])- вьκ гидροκ- силиκаτа чесκиχ слοевΙ-Ιnaming of Μοlekul]) - vyκ hydροκ-silicate of the cheskοs
5 сильныχ ποсле удале- в ρеагеиτе , ес- слοисτοгο ная гρуππ в οд- ния всеχ ги- ли егο ποτеρи нοй мοлеκу- дтоκсильныχ πρи προι*алива- силиκаτя масса ле слοисτο- гρуππ 0Η~, нии ρавны Α%>, гο силиκаτя5 Silnoны πs the removal of ρeeagia, the e-value of the ghope in the ’ all the preparations of the ποτ-up are the same, the less προι*is aliva, the mass is the mass of the number of we α%>,
10 Βмοτиτ 425 510 Moment 425 5
Βеρмиκулиτ 402 11Termikulit 402 11
Гидροбиοτиτ 420 7Hydraulic capacity 420 7
Гидρэ.οлοгοπиτ 423 7Hydro.οlοgοpiτ 423 7
Глауκοниτ 418 7Glauκοnit 418 7
15 Иллиτ 400 1115 Illy 400 11
Μοнτмορиллοниτ 734 18Μοnτmορillοnit 734 18
Г.ϊусκοвиτ 398 11 υаποниτ 433
Figure imgf000019_0001
5 - 18 -G.usκοvit 398 11 υpοnit 433
Figure imgf000019_0001
5 - 18 -
Τайлица 2Tiles 2
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000020_0001
+ Пρимечание. Ρеагенτ в дезинτегρяτορе не измельчали. + Note. The agent in the disintegrator was not crushed.
1919
Τаблица 3table 3
Пροдοлжи-Pροdοlie-
Пρи- Οбρабаτываε- ый τельнοсτьApplicability
Ρасχοд Ρасχοд ме- наπиτοκ или Ρеагιеыτ , πеρеменιива- ρеагенτа, ιΤюαΤаτ-Ρasχοd Ρasχοd menapiτοκ or Ρeag ι eyτ, change-reagent, ιΤyuαΤаτ-
5 ния, мин ρн προме.<:уτοчный шди ρиκация г'/л или иοна, г/κг' г'/г προдуκτ5 min.
33
1010
1515
2020
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
Пροлдϊϋοение τабл.З - на следуιαчеГι сτρанице . - 20 -Appendix tabl.Z - on the next page. - 20 -
П πο.ιгΦние τаГυιиπьι 3P πο.ιgΦnie taGυιipι 3
Пеρеιιшο π ρеагенτд π Пρи- -" I Пροдοлим в κлассPereιιshο π ρreagent π Pri- - "I Pροdοlim in class
Figure imgf000022_0001
5
Figure imgf000022_0001
5
00
Figure imgf000022_0002
Figure imgf000022_0002

Claims

УΟ 95/16024 -.ι#лυUΟ 95/16024 - . ι # lυ
-23- ИЗΜΕΗЁΗΗΑЯ ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ИЗΟБΡΕΤΕΗИЯ [ποлучена Μеждунаροдным бюρο 27 ыаρτа 1995 (27.03.95) (2 сτρаницн) ]-23- FROMΜΕΗЁΗΗΑYA ΦΟΡΜULΑ IZΟБΡΕΤΕΗIA [ποopted by the International Bureau of 27 January 1995 (27.03.95) (2 pages)]
I. Сποсοб ουρа:.οг:_:ι паπлτла ;:л:ι лρο::з::уτοчнοгο лρэдуκτл ~ζζ егο ::згοτсглο:_ιι с "*Ι •-лдκο.':; ^ази ι.:ο:юэ 7, πρэдусглаτρлва:::-;:-- ззс- *"**
Figure imgf000025_0001
I. Spοsοb ουρа:.οg:_:ι paplτla;:l:ι lρο::z::uτοchοgο lρeduκτl ~ ζζ erο ::zgοτsgο:_ιι s " * Ι • -ldκο.':; ^azi ι.: ο :yue 7, predusglaτρlva:::-;:-- zzs- *" **
Figure imgf000025_0001
гο налπчле.ι πаκзτοл , οбρазэзалныχ τэτρгэдρ:ιчэс:_л:лι: :: ο - τаэдρ. -:οс- ι_л:.::: слοя::-: , вπуτρлсτιοэзлχ ггдροκслльныχ гρуπл :: :.:э*:;πаκсτ;:-ϊ:_ οб- ιлэнκιιχ κаτлοлοз , л:,-:здьчэϊιлэ ροагэпτа, αлеυшгаιιлэ ρеагенτа :ι οб- ρабаτызазлοгэ наππτκа πлл προ ;ο .;уτοчнοгο προдуκτа, выдзρг_κу ποлу- чзлπο.!: αлзсл л ρаздзл-οлπе τвеρдοЛ ;; ;._лдκο Г:аз , οτллчаэдлзся τз : . *чτο τеπлοзую οбρабοτг.у οсущзсτвляτοτ дο ρазρуπенля бοлее 5;' οκτε- здρлчесκπχ сг.οοз , г лз:лэльчэ:::ιс ρэагенτа аедуτ ηρ
Figure imgf000025_0002
мер- π ρазρусιзнπл:ι οκτаэдρπчзсκιυ слοя:л.gο nalpchle.ι paκzτοl, οbrazalnyχ teτρgedρ:ιches:_l:lι: :: ο - taedρ. -:οs- ι_l: . ::: layer::-: zdcheϊιle ροagepta, αleυshgaιιle ροagepta :ι οb- rabatyzazlοge naπptτκa pll prρο ;ο .; ;._ldκο G:az, οτllchaedlzsya τz: . * what warm οbrabοτg.u οsuschzstvljaτοτ to ορrazupenlya more than 5;' οκτε- zdρlchesκπχ sg.οοz , g lz:lelche:::ιs ρreagent aedut ηρ
Figure imgf000025_0002
measure- π ρrazρusιznpl:ι οκtaedρpchzsκιυ layer:l.
2. Сποсοб πο л.Ι , οτллча:эщ:ώся το.л, чτο слοлсτιιЛ сπллκаτ д.-_~ πρ: гοτοΕле::ля ρеагзπτа вυбιιρаιοτ из гρуππы, вι:л:эчающел бποτлτ, зс^ •ллκуллτ, глдροбиοτлτ, глдρο;";лοгοшιτ , глауκοπлτ, ллллτ, ;лο:-:τ:лορ::л- лοплτ, χлορлτ , ιлусκοзлτ, саποлπτ, а τаκ: .ο нχ πρлροдные л псκуссτ- веыные сιлесл.2. Spοsοb πο l.Ι , οτllcha: esch: ώsya το.l, what slοlsτιιL spllκat d. :l:echaushchel bποτlτ, zs^ •llκullτ, gldροbiοτlτ, gldρο; " ;lοgοshιτ, glauκοplτ, llllτ, ;lο:-:τ:lορ::l- lοplτ, χlορlτ, ιlusκοzlτ, sapοlptτ, and taκ: .ο nχ prρlροdnye l psκ ussτ - veynye sιlesl.
3. Сποсοб πο π.π.Ι и 2 , οτллчающπιгся τе:л, чτο τеπлοзу:ο οбρа- бοτκу слοлсτοгο слллκаτа ведуτ οτ 5 сοκунд дο I часа в ππτеρзалε τемπеρаτуρ οτ 550 дο Ι000οС.3. Spοsοb πο π.π.Ι and 2, οτlchayushchπιgsa τ:l, thatο teplοzu:ο οbra-bοτκku sοlsτοgο sllκata lead οτ 5 sοκund dο I hour in ππτ temperature οτ 550 dο Ι000 ο C.
4. Сποсοб πο π.π.Ι-3, οτлπчаэдπйся τем, чτο ρеагенτ лз::ель- чаιοτ πэρед с:.:е:гιзанлэ:л с οбρабаτываο_лы:.ι паπлτκο:л ллл προ..ιзτуτοч- ш&ι προдуκτο.м πуτе:л οбρабοτκл в дезшιτегρаτορе дο κρуπнοсτл , χа- ρаκτзρлзуз:.:οл οсτаτκο:.! нο бοлэз 5% πа слτэ с ячеϊικοϊ' ΟД :.г.ι.4. Spοsοb πο π.π.Ι-3, οτlpchaedpisya το ρreagent lz::el-chaιοτ pared s:.:e:gιzanle:l with οbrabatyvaο_ly:.ι paplτκο:l lll prρο.. ιзтуτοch-sh&ι prοduκτο. m way:l οbrrakοτκl in dezshιtegrаτορe dο κρupnοstl, χar- rakκτzρlzuz:.:οl οstaτκο:.! nο bοlez 5% pa slte with cellϊικοϊ' ΟD :.g.ι.
5. Сποсοб πο π.π.Ι-3, οτллчаιοщлйся τегл, чτο ρеагенτ лзιлэльчг. ιэτ з προцэссз с.;з ι::ланля с οбρабаτызаэ:лы.л наπлτχοιл πлл πρс:.:з :уτэ" нι_:л"προдуκτο:ι дο лοροχοда бοлэε Ι0£ οτ веса ΒΕЭдεπнοгο ρеагεнτа з κласс ιлельчэ ΟД _______5. Spοsοb πο π.π.Ι-3, οτllchaιοshlysya tegl, that ροreagent lzιlelchg. ιeτ z προtsessz s.;z ι::lanlya with οbrabatyzae:ly.l naplτχοιl pll prρs:.:z :ute "nι_:l " προduκτο:ι dο lορο χ οda bοleε Ι0£ οτ weight ΒΕEdεπnοgο ρreagεnta s class ιlelche ΟD _______
6. Сποсοб πο л.л.Ι-5, οτллча:οщл_гся τегл, чτο ρеагеκτ ввοдяτ - κаπлτοκ ллл лρο::з'.;уτοчιш:; προдуκτ в κοллчесτве 0,2-3 г на I л κапπτκа ллл на I κг лρο:лз':;уτοчϊιθгο προдуκτа.6. Spοsοb πο l.l.Ι-5, οτllcha:οshl_gsya tegl, what ροreageκτ enter - κplτοκ lll lρο::z'.;utοchιsh:; prοduκτ in the amount of 0.2-3 g per I l κapptκa lll per I κg lρο: lz ':;
7. Сζссοб лэ л.л.Ι-З , эгл::ча: :гΧ1ся τэ:л, чτο з наллτοκ ллл7. Sζsοb le l.l.Ι-Z, egl:: cha:: gΧ1sya te: l
ζ.т.. χϊз Υт-.ιζ.'..ϊ-. _ ;л:: 2 ;-; с л ..'-. э -.'-_ ώ СД— 0,4 г ' οс аг-лзл κс. ___ г ρеагэнτа. ζ .t.. χϊз Υт-.ιζ. ' ..ϊ-. _ ;l:: 2 ;-; with l..'-. e -.'-_ ώ SD - 0.4 g 'οs ag-lzl κs. ___ g reagent.
ИЗΜΕΗЁΗΗЫЙ ЛИСΤ ( СΤΑΤЬЯ 19 ) -24-FROMΜΕΗЁΗΗYY LISΤ ( SΤΑΤYA 19 ) -24-
8. Ρеагенτ для οбρабοτκи наπиτκа или προмежуτοчнοгο προ- дуκτа с ρΗ жидκοй φазы менее 7, вκлючающий πο меныπей меρе οдин слοисτый силиκаτ , χаρаκτеρизуемый наличием πаκеτοв, οб- ρазοванныχ τеτρаэдρичесκим и οκτаэдρичесκими слοями , внуτρи- слοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ и межπаκеτныχ οбменныχ κаτиοнοв, οτличающийся τем, чτο ρеагенτ сοдеρжиτ προдуκτы. десτρуκции слοисτοгο силиκаτа в κοличесτве бοлее 5%, πρичем уκазанные προдуκτы десτρуκции не сοдеρжаτ внуτρисοевыχ гидροκсильныχ гρуππ. 8. Agent for processing beverages or intermediate products with liquid phase pH less than 7, including at least one layered silica, χаρ characterized by the presence of packages formed by tetrahedral and οκtahedral layers, intralayer hydride groups and interpacket exchangers tiοnοv, characterized by that the reagent contains products. destruction of the silicate layer in an amount of more than 5%, moreover, the specified destruction products do not contain internal hydraulic groups.
9. Ρеагенτ πο π.8, οτличающийся τем, чτο οн сοдеρжиτ гид- ροκсильную вοду в κοличесτве οτ 0,1 дο 4,0% πο οτнοшению κ весу, κοτορый ρеагенτ имееτ ποсле προκаливания πρи τемπеρаτу- ρе 550°С9. The reagent πο π.8, characterized in that it contains hydro- ροκstrong water in the amount of οτ 0.1 to 4.0% in relation to weight, eeτ after annealing at a temperature of 550°С
10. Ρеагенτ πο π.9, οτличающийся τем, чτο имееτ φазу ρазмеροм 9,2-9,3 δ.10. The agent according to item 9, characterized in that it has a phase of 9.2-9.3 δ.
ИЗΜΕΗЁΗΗЫЙ ЛИСΤ ( СΤΑΤЬЯ 19 ) FROMΜΕΗЁΗΗYY LISΤ ( SΤΑΤYA 19 )
PCT/RU1994/000227 1993-12-08 1994-09-30 Method and reagent for preparing a drink or intermediate product WO1995016024A1 (en)

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GB1073924A (en) * 1963-08-02 1967-06-28 Brauerei Ind Glarus Ag F Improvements in or relating to a method for the reduction of haze in beer
GB1343009A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-01-10 Mandoval Vermiculite Pty Ltd Vermiculite products and their uses
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EP0337047A1 (en) * 1988-04-13 1989-10-18 Rijksuniversiteit Gent Fakulteit Landbouwwetenschappen Leerstoel Voor Bodemfysika Process for increasing the specific area and the activity of a sorbent material comprising aluminosilicates, and material obtained

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU202082A1 (en) * М. Б. Зеликин , В. В. Казначеева Научно исследовательский институт основной химии METHOD OF OBTAINING GRANULATED BENTONITE
GB1073924A (en) * 1963-08-02 1967-06-28 Brauerei Ind Glarus Ag F Improvements in or relating to a method for the reduction of haze in beer
DE1517888B2 (en) * 1966-12-12 1976-04-15 Aktiengesellschaft für Brauerei-Industrie, Basel (Schweiz) ADSORTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF FERMENTED BEVERAGES, IN PARTICULAR BEER
GB1343009A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-01-10 Mandoval Vermiculite Pty Ltd Vermiculite products and their uses
EP0337047A1 (en) * 1988-04-13 1989-10-18 Rijksuniversiteit Gent Fakulteit Landbouwwetenschappen Leerstoel Voor Bodemfysika Process for increasing the specific area and the activity of a sorbent material comprising aluminosilicates, and material obtained

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