WO1995005158A1

WO1995005158A1 - Aerosol-foam preparations

Info

Publication number: WO1995005158A1
Application number: PCT/EP1994/002647
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kurt Seidel; Detlef Hollenberg; Anke Kaczich; Christian Priebe
Original assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority date: 1993-08-19
Filing date: 1994-08-10
Publication date: 1995-02-23
Also published as: DE4327699A1

Abstract

The invention concerns aerosol-foam preparations containing water, water-soluble surfactant and propellant gas. Such preparations give a foam exhibiting particularly good consistency and creaminess if they contain, as the surfactant, an alkyl oligoglycoside of the formula R1O - [C¿6?H10O5]X - H, in which R?1¿ is an alkyl group with 8 to 22 C-atoms, the mean degree of oligomerization x of the glycoside being 1 to 10, as well as a polymer dissolved in the aqueous phase.

Description

"Foam aerosol preparations"

The invention relates to aqueous cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparations and household products packed with an aerosol propellant in a pressure container with a foam valve.

Foam aerosol preparations have long been used in cosmetics and for the preparation of topical pharmaceutical preparations. They contain water, a foaming surfactant and an aerosol propellant as essential components. It is also already known to add strengthening and conditioning polymers to such foam aerosols for hair treatment.

DE 32 17 059 describes, for example, hair treatment compositions which contain two ionic polymers. The influence of surfactants on the quality of aerosol foams has been described by PA Sanders in Soap and Chemical Specialties, September 1963, 63 ff. The influence of the propellant gases on the quality of the aerosol foams has been described by PL Bartlett in Aerosol Age, February 1986, 32 ff. There, for example, the influence of propellant gas mixtures on the stiffness, durability or the rubability of the foams was examined examined the skin. However, there was still a desire to improve the consistency and creaminess of aerosol foams and the distributability on the skin and hair, in particular in order to become independent of the use or concomitant use of the ecologically undesirable fluorochlorocarbon propellant gases.

It has now been found that alkylglycosides are much more suitable as surfactants for the production of foam aerosol preparations than most of the known anionic, cationic, zwitter¬ ionic, amphoteric or nonionic surfactants if they contain a dissolved polymer in the aqueous phase of the preparation is.

The present invention therefore relates to a foam aerosol preparation containing water, water-soluble surfactant and propellant gas, which as the surfactant is an alkyl glycoside of the formula I.

RlO - [C ₆ H ₁₀ 0 ₅ ] _x - H (I)

contains, in which Rl is an alkyl group with 8 to 22 carbon atoms and the average degree of oligomerization x of the glycoside is 1 to 10 and which additionally contains a polymer dissolved in the aqueous phase.

The foam aerosol preparations according to the invention are distinguished by a particularly rich, fine-bubble to creamy and stable foam.

Alkyl glycosides, their preparation and use as surface-active substances are known, for example, from DE 1943689 or from DE 3827 543. They are produced, for example, by reacting glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms or by transacetalizing starch with, for example, lower alcohols and reactivating them again with the Cβ-C22 ^{_F: et} ' ^ta ^ ohol. With regard to the glycoside residue, both monoglycosides in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidically bound to the fatty alcohol and oligomeric glycosides with a degree of oligomerization of up to about 10 are suitable. Preferred alkyl glycosides for the preparation of the preparations according to the invention are those of the general formula R 0 - [C5H10O5-I _X - H, in which R * is an aliphatic radical of a primary fatty alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and

- [CδHioOδl H ^e- " ⁿ oligoglucoside radical with an average degree of oligomerization x from 1 to 10. Particular preference is given to oligoglucosides of the aforementioned general formula, in which Rl is an aliphatic, linear alkyl radical having 10 to 16 carbon atoms and - [ C6Hιoθ5] _x -H means an oligoglucoside residue with an average degree of oligomerization x of 1 to 3. The average degree of oligomerization results from the molar proportions of the individual oligomers by dividing the sum of the structural units by the sum of the molecules (cf. Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Paul J. Flory, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York 1953, pages 35-36).

Suitable water-soluble polymers can be natural substances, for example plant gums such as agar-agar, guar or soluble starch, biopolymers such as xanthan-gu or water-soluble derivatives of such natural products, such as carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl guar, water-soluble proteins and others. Also suitable are synthetic nonionic polymers, for example polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxides, polyacrylamides, anionic synthetic polymers such as, for example, the salts of the homo- and copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the copolymers of crotonic acid, maleic acid and the itaconic acid and its anhydrides, the poly sulfonic acids such as polyvinyl sulfonic acid and the poly styrene sulfonic acid. Also suitable are the cationic polymers which contain amino groups in the polymer chain or bound to it or carry quaternary ammonium groups. Examples of such cationic polymers are, for example, cellulose ethers which have been modified with epoxypropyltrimethylmonium chloride and are commercially available under trade names such as Polymer JR. Analogously, cationically modified guar gums are available under the name Jaguar C 13 S or Cosmedia Guar C 261.

Further water-soluble, cationic polymers which can be used according to the invention are e.g. the copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate (or methacrylate), which are available under the trade name Gafquat 734 or Gafquat 755. Other cationic polymers are the poly-dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, which is commercially available under the name Merquat 100, or a copolymer of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, which is commercially available under the name Merquat 550. Also suitable are cationic polymers which are commercially available under the name Mirapol A 15 or poly- [N- (3-dimethylammonio) propyl] -N '- [3- (ethyleneoxyethylene dimethy lammonio) propyl -] - urea dichloride are.

Numerous other cationic, water-soluble polymers are suitable for the present invention.

Finally, the known zwitterionic polymers are also suitable, which are obtainable, for example, from polymers bearing amino groups by reaction with sodium chloroacetate, by copolymerization of anionic and cationic monomers or by polymerization of zwitterionic monomers. It is characteristic of the zwitterionic polymers that they carry more than one anionic group (for example carboxyl or sulfonic acid groups) and more than one cationic group (for example amino or quaternary ammonium groups) on the molecule. Mixtures of polymers of different structure and ionogenicity can also be used. According to the invention The polymers used must be dissolved in the aqueous phase, ie their water solubility should be at least 0.01% by weight at normal temperature (20 ° C.).

All gases known for this purpose can be used as the friction gases, that is to say both the gases which are partially soluble in the aqueous phase under pressure, such as nitrogen oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide, nitrogen and air, and the gases which are liquid under pressure, such as propane, butane and isobutane , Pentane and dimethyl ether. The fluorine-chlorohydrocarbons (Frigen ( ^R )) liquefied under pressure are also suitable, but their use is not preferred for ecological reasons. Liquefied gases from the group propane, butane, isobutane, pentane and dimethyl ether and mixtures thereof are preferably used as propellant gases.

To produce the foam aerosol preparations according to the invention, the components required for foam generation are preferably used in amounts of

(A) O J - 10 wt .-% of the alkyl glycoside of formula I.

(B) 0.01-10% by weight of the dissolved polymer

(C) 1-50% by weight of the propellant and

(D) 40-98% by weight water

used. In addition, the preparations according to the invention contain the components required for cosmetic or dermatological or other components for the desired effect. Depending on the type of application, these can be very different:

Anionic surfactants and / or ampho- or betaine surfactants are also used to produce cleaning preparations, for example skin cleaners and shampoo aerosols. Suitable as anionic surfactants for example, A ^'lkyl- (Ci2-Ci6) -polyglycolether-sulfate salts having 1 to 10 glycol ether groups, alkane sulfonates containing 12 to 15 carbon atoms, alpha olefin sulfonates, sulfosuccinic acid mono- (alkyl polyglycol ethers) di sodium salts, Acyl taurides, acyl sarcosinates or acyl isethionates, each with 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group.

Suitable betaine surfactants are for example N-Ci2 "Ci8- ^a lkyl dimethyl betaine _{(Ci2-CI8-acylamido-proρyl-dimethylammonio-acetic} acid, suitable A - photenside are for example the N-Ci2-Cιg-alkylaminopropionic ^oc * ^er ie N-Ci2 -Ci8-al! Yl-hydroxy-ethyl-amino-acetic acid.

For the production of hair conditioning aerosol foams, cationic surfactants, e.g. Cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium chloride, lauryl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride, cetyl-pyridinium chloride, distearyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride or di- (stearyloxyethyl) -oxy-ethyl-methyl-ammonium methosulfate and stearamidopropyl-dimethylamine ( Tego Amid S18). Cationic or zwitterionic water-soluble polymers are preferably used as polymers in such preparations.

Foam hair fixatives contain an increased proportion of setting polymers. Foam tinting agents are additionally provided with hair dyes.

To produce skin care foams, additional skin-softening oil components with suitable emulsifiers and, if necessary, other skin-moisturizing additives are incorporated. Suitable oil components are, above all, liquid paraffin oils, vegetable oils, fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, fatty alcohols with 16 to 22 carbon atoms, branched alcohols such as 2-0ctyl-dodecanol, synthetic triglycerides of CO-C 1- fatty acids, squalane and silicone oils. Suitable emulsifiers for the stable emulsification of such oil components in the aqueous phase are, in particular, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol esters, castor oil oxethylates, fatty acid sorbitan esters, fatty acid partial glycerides, alkyl Ci2-Ci8 glycosides, methyl glucoside fatty acid esters and their oxethylates as well as polyglyceryl methyl glucose distearate (TEGO-Care 450, Goldschmidt).

Cosmetic oils or fat components, UV radiation protection agents and possibly anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. tocopherol) or skin moisturizers (e.g. Na lactate or Na glycolate) are also used to manufacture sunscreen foam aerosols.

For the production of deodorising foam aerosols, deodorising agents, e.g. Triethyl citrate, triacetin or known antimicrobial substances are used.

For the production of antiseptic and disinfectant skin treatment agents, the known disinfectant active ingredients, e.g. Iodophores, ethanol, isopropanol, hydrogen peroxide or aldehydes are used.

AntiperSpiranten in the form of foam aerosols according to the invention contain aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium chlorohydrate or other known antiperspirant components.

Household cleaners can also be packaged as foam aerosol preparations. This applies in particular to glass and tile cleaners, to carpet and upholstery cleaners, oven cleaners and metal care products. All of these preparations can be formulated very advantageously with the foam aerosol carrier system according to the invention. The surfactants, alkalis, complexing agents, care waxes and auxiliaries customary for such preparations are added. The foam aerosol preparations according to the invention are produced by dissolving the water-soluble polymers in water and adding the other water-soluble components. In the case of emulsions, the heated oil phase, which contains all the oil-soluble components and emulsifiers, is incorporated into the heated water phase at a temperature at which the oil phase is present as a homogeneous melt, and then cooled to normal temperature. This incorporation can be carried out using the usual mixing and emulsifying devices and homogenizers.

The foam aerosol preparations are preferably prepared in such a way that the propellant gas or the liquefied aerosol propellant is added under pressure in a filling station provided for this purpose to the aqueous phase presented in a pressure pack (aerosol can). The pressure packaging is then closed with a foam vent.

The following examples are intended to explain the subject matter of the invention in more detail:

B e i s p i e l e

The percentages relate to the active ingredient content of the commercial products.

1. Hair care

1.1 Stenol 1618 (39) 0.6% by weight

Eumulgin Bl (27) 0.15% by weight

Eumulgin B2 (28) 0.30% by weight

Cetiol 0E (43) 0.20% by weight

Plantaren 1200 (25) 0.50% by weight

Luviquat FC 550 (9) 1.20% by weight

DRIVOSOL 35 (47) 5.00 wt .-% ^'water ad 100.00

1.2 Glucamate SSE 20 (29) 0.20% by weight

Tween 60 (30) 0.15 wt.

Cetiol A (42) 0.30% by weight

Plantaren 2000 (26) 0.90 wt.

Copolymer 937 (19) 0.40% by weight

Amphomer (20) 0.20% by weight

Carbon dioxide 8.00 wt .-% water ad 100.00 1.3 Stenol 1618 (39) 0.40% by weight

Gatarol M 30 M (46) 0.20% by weight

Glucquat 100 (33) 0.30% by weight

Dehyquart A (34) 0.75% by weight *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 1.20% by weight

Polymer W 37194 (20) 0.10% by weight

Luviskol K 30 (1) 0.50% by weight *

Merquat Plus 3330 (17) 0.09% by weight *

Air, cleaned 52.00 wt .-% water ad 100.00

1.4 Stenol 1618 (39) 2.00% by weight *

Myritol 318 (44) 0.80% by weight *

Texapon K 14S (35) 1.40% by weight *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 0.80% by weight *

Luviquat HM 552 (11) 1.20% by weight *

Quatrisoft LM 200 (13) 0.70% by weight *

Pentane 6.00 wt. * Water ad 100.00

1.5 Cetiol 0E (43) 0.40% by weight *

Tego Amid S 18 (31) 0.80% by weight *

Rewoquat WE 18 (32) 0.20 wt. *

Citric acid 0.15% by weight *

Plantaren 2000 (26) 0.70% by weight *

Gafquat HS 100 (12) 0.20 wt. *

Luviskol K 30 (1) 0.50% by weight *

Nitrous oxide (N2O) 48.00 wt. * Water ad 100.00 1.6 Sepigel 305 (7) 2.5% by weight *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 1.0% by weight * Celquat L 200 (14) 0.6% by weight * Antaron V 220 (4) 0.2% by weight * Drivosol 35 (47) 7.0% by weight * Water ad 100.0

2. Foam tester

2.1 Nutrilan I (22) 0.10% by weight *

Vitamin E TPGS (45) 0.30% by weight * Plantaren 1200 (25) 0.60% by weight * Luviskol K 90 (2) 4.00% by weight * Celquat L 200 (14) 0.50% by weight * Drivosol 12 (48) 8.50 wt. * Water ad 100.00

2.2 Plantars 1200 (25) 0.80% by weight * Luviskol VA 64 (3) 4.00% by weight * Merquat 550 (16) 0.50% by weight * Carbopol 980 (23) 0.50% by weight * Triethanolamine 0.70% by weight * dimethyl ether 5.70% by weight * water ad 100.00 2.3 Benecel MP 943 (6) 0.40% by weight *

Collapurol E 1 (21) 0.20% by weight *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 0.90% by weight *

Luviquat FC 905 (10) 0.80% by weight *

Luviskol VA 64 (3) 1.90% by weight *

Drivosol 42 (49) 4.50 wt. * Water ad 100.00

2.4 Natrosol 250 HR (5) 0.50% by weight *

Plantaren 2000 (26) 0.70% by weight *

Merquat 550 (16) 0.10% by weight *

Amphomer (18) 0.40% by weight *

Air, cleaned 55.00% by weight *

Water ad 100.00

2.5 ^" Shellac MHP 101 (24) 2.00 wt. *

Kytamer PC (8) 0.40% by weight *

Ethanol 20.00% by weight *

Plantaren 2000 (26) 1.60% by weight *

Luviquat FC 905 (10) 0.80% by weight *

Sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) 0.20% by weight *

Nitrogen 48.00 wt. * Water ad 100.00 3. Shampoos

3.1 Texapon K 14 S (35) 54.00% by weight *

Dehyton G (36) 12.00 wt. *

Plantaren 2000 (26) 1.40% by weight *

Polymer JR 400 (15) 0.15% by weight *

Polymer W 37194 (20) 0.20% by weight *

Drivosol 27 (50) 4.70% by weight water ad 100.00

3.2 Texapon K 14 S (35) 54.00% by weight *

Dehyton K (37) 12.00 wt. *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 5.00% by weight *

Luviquat HM 552 (11) 1.20% by weight *

Pentane 4.80 wt. * Water ad 100.00

4. ^' Shaving cream

Edenor K8-18 (41) 10.00% by weight *

Polyethylene glycol (MG 1550) 5.10% by weight *

Collapurol E l (21) 0.03% by weight *

Sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) 2.50% by weight *

Plantaren 1200 (25) 0.70% by weight *

Merquat 550 (16) 0.20 wt. *

Drivosol 27 (50) 9.60% by weight water ad 100.00 5. Tint foam

Texapon N 25 (35) 3.40% by weight * Lorol techn. (38) 1.25% by weight * Stenol 1618 (39) 3.25% by weight * direct hair dye 3.50% by weight * Plantaren 1200 (25) 1.20% by weight * Luviquat HM 552 (11) 0 , 20% by weight * Drivosol 32 (50) 10.00% by weight * water ad 100.00

The following commercial products (trademarks) were used to produce the preparations:

Nonionic polymers

(1) Luviskol K 30 (BASF): Po1yviny1pyrro1idon

(2) ^* Luviskol K 90 (BASF): Po1yvin 1pyrro1idon

(3) Luviskol VA 64 (BASF): vinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer (60:40)

(4) Antaron V 220 (GAF): vinyl pyrrolidone / 1-eicose copolymer

(5) Natrosol 250 HR (Aqualon) hydroxyethyl cellulose

(6) Benecel MP 943 (Aqualon): methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose

(7) Sepigel 305 polyacrylamide / Ci3_i4-iso-

(Seppic Interorgana): paraffin / Laureth-7 mixture Cationic polymers

(8) Kytamer PC (Amerchol) chitosan-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid adduct

(9) Luviquat FC 550 (BASF): vinyl imidazolinium methochloride / vinyl pyrrole idone (50:50) copolymer

(10) Luviquat FC 905 (BASF): vinylimidazolinium methochloride / vinyl pyrrole idone (95: 5) copoly erisate

(11) Luviquat HM 552 (BASF): vinylimidazolinium methochloride / vinyl pyrrole idone (50:50) copolymer

(12) Gafquat HS 100 (ISP): vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamido-propyl-trimethylammonium chloride copolymer (polyquaterium 28)

(13) Quatrisoft LM 200: alkyl hydroxyethyl cellulose,

(Nordmann and Rassmann) quaternized (Polyquaternium 24)

(14) Celquat L 200: hydroxyethyl cellulose + di- (Delft-Chemie) allyl-dimethylammonium chloride polymer (Polyquaternium 4)

(15) Polymer JR 400: hydroxyethyl cellulose, quater¬ (Union Carbide) niert (Polyquaternium 10) (16) Merquat 550: Dimethy1-dially1-ammonium chloride (Merck & Co.) rid / acrylamide copolymer (Polyquaternium 7)

Amphoteric or zwitterionic polymers

(17) Merquat Plus 3330 dimethyl-diallyl-ammonium-chloro (Merck & Co.) rid / Acry1amid / Acry1äure-Copolymer (Polyquaternium 39)

(18) A phomer: methyl methacrylate / butylamino

(Delft-National) methyl methacrylate / 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate / N- (1,1,3,3-tetraethylbutyl) acrylamide copolymer

(19) Copolymer 937 (ISP): vinyl pyrrolidone-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer

(20) ^* Amphopolymer-W-37194: Acrylamidopropyltrimethylammo- (Chem.Fabr.Stockhausen) nium chloride / acrylic acid-Na salt copolymer

(21) Collapurol E 1 Soluble collagen partially esterified with (Henkel KGaA) ethanol (1% by weight *) in water / ethanol (80:20)

(22) Nutrilan I: Co11agen hydrolyzate (Henkel KGaA) Anionic polymers

(23) Carbopol 980 (Goodrich) polyacrylic acid (cross-linked)

(24) Shellac MHP 101: natural resin (acid number 65 - 80 (MHP Shellac GmbH) saponification number 190 - 230, melting range 65 - 85 ° C)

Surfactants

(25) Plantaren 1200: Ci2-Ci6-alkyl- (1,4) -glucoside (Henkel KGaA)

(26) Plantaren 2000 C8-Ci6-alkyl- (1,4) -glucoside (Henkel KGaA)

(27) Eumulgin B 1: Ci6-C-.8 fatty alcohol poly (12 (Henkel KGaA) E0) glycol ether

(28) ^* Eumulgin B 2: Ci6-Ci8-fatty alcohol-poly- (20 (Henkel KGaA) E0) -glycol ether

(29) Glucamate SSE 20 methyl glucoside sesquistearate (Amerchol) poly (20 E0) glycol ether

(30) Tween 60 (Atlas) sorbitan monostearate po1 - (20 E0) glycol ether

(31) Tegoamid S 18 Stearamidopropy1-dimethy1amin (Goldschmidt) (32) Rewoquat WE 18: di- (tallow carboxylethyl) hydroxy (REWO) ethyl methyl ammonium methosulfate

(33) Glucquat 100 Lauryl Methyl Gluceth-10 Hydroxypropyl Dimonium Chloride (CTFA-Na e)

(34) Dehyquart A: cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloro (Henkel KGaA) rid

(35) Texapon K 14 S lauryl myristyl ether sulfate Texapon N 25 Na salt (Henkel KGaA)

(36) Dehyton G: N-coconut amidoethyl hydroxyethyl (Henkel KGaA) carboxy ethyl glycinate, Na salt

(37) ^* Dehyton K: N-cocoacylamidopropyl-dime-

(Henkel KGaA) ethyl ammonium acetobetaine

Fatty substances

(38) Lorol techn. : Ci2-Ci8 ~ coconut fatty alcohol (Henkel KGaA)

(39) Stenol 1618 (Henkel KGaA): cetyl stearyl alcohol

(40) Hydrenol D (Henkel KGaA): hydrotalg fatty alcohol (41) Edenor K 8-18 (Henkel KGaA): coconut fatty acid

(42) Cetiol A (Henkel KGaA): n-hexyl laurate

(43) Cetiol OE (Henkel KGaA): di-n-octyl ether

(44) Myritol 318 (Henkel KGaA): caprylic / capric acid triglyceride

(45) Vitamin E-TPGS: tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (Eastman Kodak) 1000 succinate

(46) Gatarol M 30 M myristyl (3 E0) myristate (Chem-Y)

Propellants

(47) Drivosol 35 (Hüls AG) propane / isobutane / butane / DME (24: 72: 3: 1)

(48) Drivosol 12 (Hüls AG): butane / dimethyl ether (99: 1)

(49) Drivosol 42 (Hüls AG) isobutane / propane / butane / DME (60: 37: 2: 1)

(50) Drivosol 27 (Hüls AG) isobutane / propane / butane / DME (84: 11: 4: 1

Claims

claims

Foam aerosol preparation containing water, water-soluble surfactant and propellant, characterized in that an alkyl (oligo) glycoside of the formula I is used as the surfactant

in which R is an alkyl group with 8 to 22 C atoms and the average degree of oligomerization x of the glycoside is 1 to 10, and additionally contains a polymer dissolved in the aqueous phase.

2. foam aerosol preparation according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that it

(A) OJ - 10% by weight of the alkyl glycoside of formula I.

(B) 0.01-10% by weight of the dissolved polymer

(C) 1-50% by weight of the propellant and

(D) 40-98 wt. * Water

contains.

3. foam aerosol preparation according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that liquefied gases from the group propane, butane, isobutane, pentane and dimethyl ether or mixtures thereof are contained as propellant gas.

4. foam aerosol preparation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an alkyl oligo-glucoside of formula I is contained as alkyl (oligo) glycoside, wherein Rl is a linear alkyl group with 10 to 16 carbon atoms and - [CÖHI 05] _X -H means an oligoglucoside residue with an average degree of oligomerization x = 1-3.