WO1994028278A1 - Light transmissive, lightweight heat insulating unit system and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a unit system which is used for a light transmissive and heat loss reducing or condensation preventing section and which is used between a high temperature air and a low temperature air. The unit system provides a transmitted light free of mottles, a wide range of choice in terms of design and a good interior design, said unit system being adapated for mass production and being light in weight, high in light transmissivity and high in heat insulation. The unit system is made small in a coefficient of total heat transfer and saves on a cost for air conditioning and refrigeration, and energy consumption while preventing condensation. The heat insulating unit system comprises ligth transmissive sheets which are spaced from one another and reduced in deflection, and is made multilayered by systematizing units, in which individual air layers are formed to stepwisely vary in temperature and it is possible to movably connect the sheets to one another and to automatically adjust the same in dimension.

Description

Description Light-permeable lightweight thermal insulation unit system and manufacturing method thereof Technical field

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for light-transmitting ceilings, windows, and other partition doors of buildings, etc., which reduce heat loss or dew condensation. As a system of unit (standardized unit of commonality) that enables configuration, it is a multi-layered ultra-lightweight, highly heat-insulating unit system with high light transmittance, and has a wide range of design options. It is a mass-producible unit system that can obtain transmitted light with excellent transparency and without unevenness. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a light-transmitting lightweight heat-insulating unit system that saves energy consumption and a manufacturing method thereof. Background technology

Conventionally, light-transmitting parts such as ceilings, windows (including skylights, roofs and walls that allow light to pass through, and skylights that allow light to pass through), partition doors, etc. ₍ Walls, floors, ceilings, etc. that do not transmit light can be easily insulated with conventional opaque insulation materials, so much of the heat loss goes in and out through these light-transmitting parts.) This is due to the fact that conventional air conditioning and refrigeration consume a great deal of money, and the amount of energy consumed is accumulating and increasing, and significant savings are desired. So, when trying to make the light-transmitting parts such as ceilings, windows, and other partitions with high heat insulation, the total thickness is thick and heavy, and the required translucency (mottleness of transmitted light, amount of light transmitted, (including fogging and distortion of transmission images). In addition, it deformed due to long-term use and temperature changes, and the air layer became thicker, making it difficult to create multiple layers, and sufficient heat insulation could not be obtained. In addition to poor selectivity, it is difficult to standardize it, and for this reason, the size of each product varies, and mass production of common products has not progressed. Moreover, as the weight increases, manufacturing, transportation, storage, installation costs, etc. become more expensive. was a major obstacle to high thermal insulation of windows. In addition, conventionally, when the temperature is low, the light-transmitting plate of the thickness and weight for practical use has insufficient heat insulation, so dew condensation on the high temperature side cannot be avoided, resulting in heat loss due to dew condensation. The increase in air pollution (approximately 2.5 times) has not been solved fundamentally. However, the drain type has a large heat loss and a risk of water leakage, so the heater set consumes electricity and has a risk of overheating. There is a demand for the development of a unit system.

Invention disclosure

In view of the above problems, the present invention systematizes a unit (standard common unit) that enables a configuration that can prevent thermal deformation and creep deformation by using light-transmitting thin plates as constituent elements. As a result, it is possible to obtain even transmitted light, wide design selectivity, excellent interior design, and provide an extremely lightweight multi-layered unit system with high light transmittance and high light transmittance with a small amount of materials. However, with the same thickness, same weight, and same brightness, we provide a mass-produced thermal insulation unit system that achieves the maximum thermal insulation performance, and reduce the heat flow through light-transmitting ceilings, windows, and other partition doors. Provides a versatile lightweight insulation unit system that reduces airflow and prevents condensation while saving on heating and cooling costs and energy consumption. supply.

In order to solve the above problems, one or more light-transmitting thin plates (filmor sheets) forming polygonal planes forming one unit (standardized unit of commonality) are placed on one or both sides with an air layer. Form and set. Here, the unit enables a thin plate structure capable of preventing thermal deformation and creep deformation, and the light-transmissive thin plate is a constituent element of the present invention, and one unit is formed. There must be at least one plane, and any number of planes can be used. Polygonal planes are generally quadrilaterals.

Furthermore, on one side or both sides of the thin plate, at least one light-transmitting thin plate, separate from the thin plate, forming a polygonal plane forming one unit, or one unit or At least one sheet of light-transmitting thick plate glass is provided which forms a polygonal plane forming a system. Here, this "one unit" may be the same unit as "one unit" in the above (previous paragraph), or may be a different unit. In some cases, there is no air layer between the thick plate glass and the thin plate, and thick plate glass is provided as a unit or as a system to protect against wind and rain. Sometimes.

Further, the air layer forms an independent air layer whose temperature changes stepwise from the high temperature air to the low temperature air in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate. Here, the "independent air layer" may be formed as a unit or as a system, but is always formed in one or more layers.

Further, along the thin plate, the air layer is supported, and the thickness of the air layer is maintained. Support means are provided to reduce deflection. Here, the support means is always provided, and its material and shape are arbitrarily selected. This support means may be integrated with the thin plate, It may also be used as a framework of the system. In addition, in order to reduce the bending of the thin plate, it is desirable that the peripheral edge of the thin plate be fixedly supported rather than simply supported.

Furthermore, the thickness of the thin plate is such that the inner thin plate sandwiched between the air layers is

The thickness shall be 1.6 mm or less, and the thickness of the outer thin plate which is in contact with the air layer on one side shall be 1.8 or less. Here, the thinner the thickness of the inner sheet, which is not touched by hand, the better. Determined in consideration of cleaveability. In addition, when the outer thin plate is touched by hand or when it is necessary to wipe off dirt from the thin plate, select a thickness that provides the rigidity required for use. The length of at least one side parallel to the surface of the thin plate shall be 65 cm or less, and each unit shall be portable. Here, in order to make the thin plate as thin as possible and make the unit system light, the length of at least one side of the independent air space is set to 65 cm or less. That is, since the deflection of a thin plate is approximately inversely proportional to the cube of the thickness and proportional to the fourth power of the length of the short side, it can be reduced only by shortening the length of at least one side of this independent air layer. , a thin plate configuration is possible.

Furthermore, at least one or more units are planarly arranged in a row or arranged in multiple rows and supported by a system to form a unit system of various sizes. to make. Here, the unit is a mass-producible standard plate of a certain size (a standardized unit that can be commonly used in systems of various sizes), and unit systems of various sizes are constructed from this standard plate. will be kicked. In addition, when the unit is stacked in multiple rows, the row on the outside air side may be a unit to protect against wind and rain. It can also be used as a bok. In the above configuration, the light transmittance of the thin plates is generally set to 30% or more in the case of a sky solar light source, the thickness of the inner thin plate is 0.3 mm or less, the thickness of the outer thin plate is 0.8 mm or less, The thickness of the thick plate glass is set to 3 mm or more, and the thin plates are made of various translucent materials, from cellulose-based resin, which has the same composition as paper and wood, to glass.

The heat transmission coefficient is affected by the thickness of the component and its thermal conductivity, air convection, and radiant heat. When the surface of the unit system is used vertically, the thickness of the air layer shall be the thickness that prevents air convection due to the temperature difference. Experimentally, this thickness is about 5 mm or less, and this thickness depends on the temperature difference between the thin plate and the air and the height of the air layer, and the air layer is subdivided. Since the short side length is important, thin plates and air layers are multi-layered and unitized to reduce this temperature difference and limit the size of the air layer.

The amount of radiant heat transfer decreases when the radiation constant (experimental value) of the thin plate is small and the unit system has a multi-layer structure. This is true whether the plane of the unit system is used vertically or horizontally. For this reason, in the present invention, a thin plate with a small radiation constant is used when it is necessary to reduce the overall thickness of the unit system.

The support means maintains the thickness of the air layer, limits its size, and allows the use of thin plates as thin as possible. ), it has a wide range of design options, and as a unit system, it has a multi-layer structure with a thin air layer, and it does not deform due to expansion and contraction of the thin plate due to temperature and humidity changes. Movable connection. Also, the support means should be made porous or otherwise as low in thermal conductivity as possible and light in weight.

Depending on the material used, the peripheral edge of the thin plate may be fitted in a groove, bent, or the thin plate and support means may be integrated (by molding, etc.). In addition, the support means may be combined with flat support means, or the support means may be fixed by penetrating materials (resin rivets, eyelets, sewing threads, etc.), and the lap joints of these support means may together constitute a unit. It is made to protrude inwardly beyond the outer shell support means that is used, and it is stopped by a penetrating material that penetrates this protruding part, or by thermal bonding (ultrasonic 'high frequency' impulse sealing, etc.).

Depending on the application of the unit system, end members may be provided surrounding the outer shell of the unit, and the support means and end members may be one or more of elastic, heat insulating and airtight materials. The elastic end members are flocked like a brush, or made of non-woven fabric or sponge. In addition, the cross section of the elastic end member may be formed in a pipe shape (droplet shape), the outer periphery of the elastic end member may be formed with one or more concave surfaces in the transverse direction, or the elastic end member may be formed to extend and contract. A plurality of holes are provided in the direction of the end member, and the depth of the holes is 1 Z 3 or more of the thickness of the end member from the outside of the end member. Alternatively, the end member is made endless, or fixed by thermal bonding (ultrasonic wave, hot-melt resin welding, etc.), or by double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive material. Units that are used almost horizontally like ceilings have plane dimensions that are effective dimensions at room temperature, with one side dividing one space (the distance between pillars of a building) into 3 or 6 equal parts. A square with a value in the range of 30 mm is added or subtracted from the above value. When arranging the unit behind the set, the short side is the dimension obtained by subtracting a value in the range of 4/5 to 9 Z 5 of the column dimension from 1 space and dividing this by 8 (12) and the long side is a rectangle whose dimension is the distance between 4/5 and 9Z5 of the column size minus a value in the range of 9Z5, divided by 6 (4 or 16Z3), and the frame of the system When arranging the unit by inserting it between A rectangle of dimensions. Here, the smaller the size of the unit, the more compatible it is with systems of various sizes, and the more versatile it becomes. We propose the above dimensions as general-purpose and efficient assembly sizes.

The system framework that supports the unit may be made of one or more of elastic, 'insulating' and airtight materials, and the unit may be detachably attached to the system framework for easy replacement of the unit. free to do so.

The thin plate is a laminated plate (including the case where resin is sandwiched between thin glass plates) in which glass and resin are combined to absorb the amount of expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, etc. It can be a laminated plate with improved performance, or a laminated plate that is preloaded and pretensioned to prevent bending of the thin plate. Japanese paper pattern, lace pattern, etc.), antistatic processing, surface hardening processing, or coating that improves one or more of weather resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance. process.

The outer periphery of the unit is provided with a communication hole through which the air inside and outside the unit is gradually circulated, and is used as a pressure adjustment hole and a humidity adjustment hole for the air inside the unit.

At least two thick plate glasses forming the system are provided on both sides of the unit, and the unit is separated from the thick plate glass in a non-fixed state.

(prevention of expansion and contraction deformation) and in a non-forced state (prevention of creep deformation), and the peripheral edge of the thick plate glass is adhered (with double-sided adhesive tape, etc.) to assemble, or the thickness Cut the unit according to the size of the plate glass. Here, the size of the system is generally adjusted to the size of the window, and there are various sizes. , system At least one sheet of thick plate glass to make up the system, which is provided on one side of the unit, the thick plate glass and The unit is bonded to the framework of the system that supports the unit (with acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, or elastic sealing material), or the unit is cut to fit the size of the thick plate glass. Alternatively, the peripheral edge of the thin plate of the unit is pressed by the framework of the system that supports the unit, and the peripheral edge of the thin plate is attached as a fixed end to reduce the deflection of the thin plate. Thus, the deflection of the thin plate is less with a fixed perimeter support than with a simple perimeter support. A method for manufacturing a light-transmitting light-weight heat insulating unit system comprises providing one or more light-transmitting thin plates forming one unit with an air layer formed on one or both sides thereof, On one or both sides of said lamina at least one light transmissive other lamina forming a unit or at least one light forming a unit or a system A transparent thick plate glass is provided, and the air layer is formed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate, supports it along the thin plate, and maintains the thickness of the air layer. A step of forming a wall perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate to make the air layer an independent air layer and providing a support means for reducing the deflection of the thin plate, Secondly, the manufacturing method comprises a step of arranging in a row or arranging them in multiple rows and supporting them with a system to constitute a unit system of various sizes.

In the manufacturing method of the unit system, when the thin plates are provided, the thin plates are sequentially fixed and assembled from the thin plate to be provided at a position farther than the edge of the support means to the thin plate to be provided at a near position. In addition, the bending of the thin plate is performed after the inside of the bent portion is cut in a U-shape in advance, or the bending of the thin plate or the protruding processing of the support means is performed by ultrasonic machining (blade shape). Horn or use a round horn). Furthermore, the penetrating material stopping the support means can be ultrasonically riveted or thermally bonded to form the unit system by ultrasonics (mainly using needle-like horns) or high frequencies. Alternatively, it is welded by blowing hot air onto pre-mounted hot menthol resin. The present invention uses a light-transmitting thin plate as a component, and provides a unit (a standardized unit that can be commonly used in various systems) that enables a configuration that can prevent thermal deformation and creep deformation. , it can transmit light without unevenness, has a rich design choice, and is excellent in interior design. Since the thickness of the thin plate can be reduced and the thickness of the air layer can be reduced, even if the total thickness of the unit system is reduced, multi-layer construction can be easily performed. It is characterized by being able to This multi-layering provides high heat insulation, improves sound insulation, and prevents condensation.

Experiments have shown that the amount of convective heat transfer is approximately inversely proportional to the product of the number of constituent plates forming the air layer and the fourth root of the number of constituent plates, and the amount of radiant heat transfer is approximately the absolute value of the radiating constituent plates. It is proportional to the difference between the 4th power of temperature and the 4th power of absolute temperature of the absorbing component plate, and is proportional to the effective radiation constant of the plate. Therefore, the amount of radiant heat transfer is inversely proportional to the number of overlapping independent air layers. Since the heat is reduced, the air convection in the air layer is blocked, and the heat transmission coefficient can be reduced. can be done.

For example, a representative unit of the present invention is made of resin, and has a planar size of about 280 mm x 210 mm, a thickness of about 15 mm, and a thin plate. In the case of 6-layer, transparent or Japanese paper-patterned heat-insulating shoji, the inner thin plate can be 0.13 mm, the outer thin plate 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the air layer can be about 2.7 mm. can. At this time, the light transmittance of the transparent plate is about 73%, and that of the Japanese paper pattern plate is about 34%. Since the weight of the entire heat insulating shoji can be reduced to around 5 kg by using this method, the heat insulating shoji does not require a door roller. In addition, when this insulating shoji is installed inside the glass window, the heat transmission coefficient of the window is reduced to about 0.6 kcalZm2 hr °C, and the outside temperature is ^-15 °C, the indoor temperature is 20°C, and the relative humidity is 15°C. Condensation is prevented even at 80%. Furthermore, when this insulating shoji is doubled inside the glass window, the heat transmission coefficient of the window is reduced to about 0.3 kcal/m ² hr °C, and the outside temperature is -35 °C. , condensation is prevented even at 80% relative humidity at room temperature of 20°C. This unit has an end member (cushion material) around it, and there are 2 to 3 types of sizes, and it is possible to make shoji of all sizes generally used. be able to.

In a conventional glass window, the heat transmission coefficient was about 5.1 kcal/m ² hr °C when there was no condensation on the glass, but when condensation formed on the glass, the heat transfer coefficient decreased to that of condensation heat transfer. The heat transmission coefficient increased to about 12.7 kcalZin ² hr °C. In addition, even when a conventional paper shoji was installed inside the glass window, the heat transmission coefficient was about 2.7 kcal/m ² hr °C when there was no condensation on the glass. When condensation forms on the surface, a difference in partial pressure of water vapor occurs between the front and back of the shoji paper, causing a flow of water. The heat transmission coefficient increased to about 7.1 kcal/m ² hr °C.

Conventional paper shoji was easily torn and easily discolored, so it was necessary to completely replace the paper every year. It can be used for a long period of time because it is made of materials that are resistant to wear and tear and discoloration. It is characterized in that anyone can easily replace each unit.

In conventional double glazing, dry air is enclosed between the sheets of glass.When this dry air expands and contracts due to temperature changes, the sheet glass bends, so it is necessary to make the sheet glass thicker and the air layer thicker. As a result, stacking multiple sheets of this glass made the whole thicker and inevitably heavier, making multilayering virtually impossible. As a result, double glazing is generally used, but the heat loss is still large, and the heat transmission coefficient is limited to about 2.7 kcal/ ^m2 hr °C. there is In addition, in the method of applying heat reflection processing to the inner surface of the plate glass, the heat transmission coefficient is reduced to about 1.4 kcal/ ^m2 hr °C, but the light transmittance decreases to 22% and becomes dark. Its uses are limited. Furthermore, the method of inserting a heat ray reflective film between the plate glasses also creates a thick air layer as it becomes darker and the reflective film is bent due to the expansion and contraction of the enclosed air, just like the heat ray reflective processing. It becomes necessary, the whole becomes thick, and multi-layering is still impossible. Moreover, in this case, basic problems remain, _{such as} the reflective film creeping and sagging after several years of use. Light transmittance is low, and if glue is applied to the frame, it will be deformed and wavy due to changes in temperature and humidity, making it difficult to reupholster. , There are basically unsolvable problems, such as dust collecting there, and the slightest air movement or vibration causing it to flutter. In addition, conventional packaging insulation materials, when used in the light-transmitting part, deform due to changes in temperature and humidity, heat conduction from the front to the back, and static electricity in the light-transmitting part. dust pick-up and Distortion of the transmitted image and unevenness of the transmitted light cannot be avoided (the unit of the present invention can be completely dust-free by clean factory production). Moreover, when trying to improve the heat insulation (heat transmission coefficient below 2.0 kcal/ ^m2'hr *°C), they become darker (transmittance below 20%) and design Because of its poor selective selectivity and lack of interior design, this is a fatal obstacle to its use.

Hereinafter, in the present invention, by connecting the thin plates in a direction parallel to the surface of the thin plates, the thin plates can be stretched even when the amount of expansion and contraction of each thin plate differs due to changes in humidity and temperature. Deformation of the entire unit system is prevented without creating strain stress.

By fitting the peripheral edge of the thin plate into the groove, the connection with the support means is simplified, and by bending this, the strength of the unit is increased and the deflection of the thin plate can be reduced. Furthermore, by integrating the thin plate and the support means, it is possible to make them as thin as possible, reduce the deflection of the thin plate and the support means, and make the air layer thin. Since it can be made up of 3 sections or less, it can be easily multi-layered.

Stopping the support means by means of penetrating material simplifies the mechanical assembly and increases the service life of the unit system, since the fixation of the lamellae is maintained over time. At this time, the lap joint portions of the support means both protrude inward from the outer shell support means of the unit, and are stopped by a penetrating material penetrating the projecting portion, so that the outside of the unit is flattened and aligned. There will be no gaps between the units.

By surrounding the outer shell of the unit and providing end members outside the support means, the unit can be easily mounted, and the support means and the end members are made of an elastic material, a heat insulating material, and an airtight material. the thermal insulation of the unit Watertightness and airtightness are improved, and the performance of this unit is improved. In addition, by using an elastic material for the end member, it is possible to absorb differences in the amount of expansion and contraction of the unit due to changes in temperature and humidity, as well as errors in the dimensions of the part to be attached, so that the dimensions of the unit can be automatically adjusted. Since it can be adjusted dynamically, it is easy to unitize the insulation board.

In addition, the outer periphery of the elastic end member has one or more concave surfaces in its transverse direction, so that a large dimensional adjustment can be performed with a small acting force, and a plurality of holes are provided in the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic end member, By setting the depth from the outside of the end member to 1 Z 3 or more of the thickness of the end member, the dimensional adjustment capability is increased, and ultrasonic welding using a horn with a sharp tip can be performed from this hole. By fixing the end member and the support means, high-speed welding with a large shear force becomes possible. In addition, by making the end member endless, the manufacturing process is simplified, and since there is no joint part, it is possible to prevent detachment from there. ,

By setting the size of the insulation board to the unit (unit) for mass production, mechanization and practical use are dramatically promoted. The plane dimension of a unit that is used almost horizontally, such as a ceiling, is the effective dimension at normal temperature, and the dimension obtained by adjusting the value within 30mni to the value obtained by dividing one side into 3 or 6 equal parts. By adopting a law square (standard board), it can be applied universally to any building.

The plane dimension of a unit that is used almost vertically, such as a shoji, is taken as the effective dimension at room temperature. It is the dimension obtained by subtracting a value in the range of 4 Z 5 to 9 Z 5 of the column dimension from the space and dividing this by 8 (12), and the long side is 4/5 to 9/5 of the column dimension from the space. When the range value is reduced and divided by 6 (4 or 16Z3) to form a rectangle, and the unit is inserted between the muntins of the shoji screens, each A rectangle with reduced dimensions in the range of 2 mm to 1 Omm can be applied to all commonly used shoji screens.

Adaptability of the unit system to temperature and humidity changes and thermal insulation and airtightness of the unit system can be improved by making the framework of the system that supports the unit elastic, 'insulating material' and airtight. Furthermore, by configuring the unit to be detachably attached to the framework of the system, anyone can easily install and replace the unit.

By making the thin plate a laminated plate of glass and resin and making it an expansion/contraction-absorbing compound that absorbs the amount of expansion/contraction of the resin, it is possible to make a thin plate that makes the most of the advantages of glass and resin, and prevents scratches. It is possible to make a thin plate with excellent toughness and resistance to cracking. In addition, by forming a composite plate in which a plurality of resins are laminated so as to compensate for each other's defects, the performance of the thin plate can be improved, and one of the resins to be laminated has Compressive stress is applied in advance, and tensile stress is applied to the other resin in advance. , Its deflection is prevented, so large units can be easily made.

By using the thin plate as a polarizing plate, it is bright and glare-free, and it is possible to adjust the transmitted image and adjust the sunlight. In addition, by applying a predetermined pattern to the thin plate, it is possible to create a thin plate with a design pattern such as a Japanese paper pattern, a lace pattern, or other watermark pictures (bamboo, autumn leaves, etc.). and improve the interior design.

When the thin plate is made of resin, it can be treated with antistatic treatment or surface hardening treatment to improve dust clinging and scratch resistance due to static electricity. In addition, by applying weather resistance (discoloration and deterioration prevention), heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance coating to the thin plate, this unit is highly durable. · The performance of the system is improved, and its application is expanded.

By providing a communication hole on the outer periphery of the unit through which the air inside and outside the unit gradually flows, even if the air inside the unit expands and contracts due to temperature changes, the inside and outside of the unit are always kept at the same pressure. Even if the humidity outside the unit changes due to dripping or seasonal changes, the inside and outside of the unit are always kept at the same humidity. In addition, this unit has multiple layers of thin plates, and the temperature difference between each thin plate and the air in contact with it is small. Therefore, at least two pieces of thick plate glass are provided on both sides of the unit to create a system that eliminates the need to enclose dry air like conventional multi-layered glass. This thick plate glass is inserted in a non-fixed state and is inserted in a non-forced state, and by bonding the peripheral edge of this thick plate glass, deformation due to expansion and contraction of the thin plate is prevented, and the thin plate creep deformation (the phenomenon of sagging over time) is prevented, providing a unit system with a long service life. At this time, by cutting and assembling several units according to the size of the thick plate glass, it is possible to create a unit system of any size. In addition, if the peripheral edge of the thick plate glass is fixed with double-sided adhesive tape, anyone can easily assemble the unit system anywhere.

At least one sheet of thick plate glass is used to form the system, which is provided on one side of the unit. In addition, it is possible to create a lighter unit system than when inserting the unit. At this time, the peripheral edge of the thin plate of the unit is pressed by the framework of the system that supports the unit to reduce the deflection of the thin plate, thereby obtaining high rigidity during cleaning of the thin plate. It should be noted that this adhesion was performed using an acrylic resin By using a fat-vinyl acetate resin, stable fixation can be achieved over a long period of time.

As a manufacturing method of this unit system, when the thin plates are provided, the thin plates provided farther than the edge of the support means are successively fixed to the thin plates provided close to the edge of the support means. and fast assembly. In addition, by bending the thin plate after cutting the inside of the bent portion into a U-shape in advance, the dimensional accuracy of the unit can be improved, and the poly-strength-bone resin etc., can be easily processed at room temperature.

By applying ultrasonic processing using blade-like horns, etc., to the bending processing and the protruding processing of the support means, the processing of acrylic resin and cellulose resin can be easily and quickly performed. Thermal bonding for constructing a unit system that can be mass-produced is performed by ultrasonic waves or high-frequency waves, so that high-shear-stress bonding is performed at high speed. In addition, by blowing hot air onto the pre-mounted hot-melt resin for this thermal bonding, the hot-melt resin can be properly performed without stringing or being excessively applied. , which enables rapid production. Brief description of the drawing

Fig. 1 is a front view of an example of a light transmissive lightweight heat insulating unit.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the II-II section of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a second example of a light transmissive lightweight heat insulating unit.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the IV--IV cross section of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a third example of a light-transmitting light-weight heat insulating unit.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the section VI--VI in FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram similar to FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the VIII--VIII cross section of FIG.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view of a variation corresponding to the IX-IX section of FIG. FIG. 10 is a front view of a fourth example of a light-transmitting lightweight heat-insulating unit.

11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XI--XI section of FIG. 10. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a fifth example of a light transmissive lightweight heat insulating unit.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ΧΙΠ-XIII section of FIG.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view of the X!V-XIV section of FIG.

Figure 15 is an enlarged sectional view of a variation corresponding to the XIV-XIV section of Figure 12. Figure 16 is a front view of a light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system in which the unit is inserted between two plates of glass. It is a diagram.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged sectional view of the XVII--XVII section of FIG.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged sectional view of an example corresponding to the XVII-XVII section of FIG. FIG. 19 is an enlarged sectional view of a variation corresponding to the XVII--XVII section of FIG. 16, and FIG. 20 is an enlarged sectional view of the XX--XX section of FIG.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG.

FIG. 22 is a diagram similar to FIG.

23 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXIII-XXIII section of FIG. 22. FIG.

FIG. 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XX IV--XX IV cross section of FIG.

FIG. 25 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG.

FIG. 26 is a diagram similar to FIG.

27 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXVII I-XXVII section of FIG. 26. FIG.

28 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XXVI II--XXVII cross section of FIG. 26. FIG.

FIG. 29 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG.

Figure 30 is a front view of a light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system in which the units are affixed to a single plate of glass.

31 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXXI--XXXI section of FIG. 30. FIG. FIG. 32 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXXII-XXXII section of FIG.

FIG. 33 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG.

Figure 34 is a view similar to Figure 30;

35 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXXV-XXXV section of FIG. 34. FIG.

36 is an enlarged sectional view of the XXXVI-XXXVI section of FIG. 34. FIG.

FIG. 37 is an enlarged sectional view similar to FIG.

Figure 38 is a front view of an example of a unit system (insulating shoji). Figure 39 is a front view of the second example of the unit system (insulating shoji). Figure 40 is a front view of the third example of the unit system (insulating shoji). FIG. 41 is an enlarged sectional view of the XX-XX section of FIGS. 38-40.

Fig. 42 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another example of the ΧΧΧΧ Ι - ΧΧΧΧ Ι section of _{Figs .} FIG. 44 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing method.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing method. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of a unit 1 according to the invention. In FIG. 1, the unit 1 of this example is a standard plate used for shoji, etc., and its planar size is an effective dimension at room temperature. The short side is 218 πιπ! 201 mm to 201 mm, long sides of 290 mm to 268 mm. mn! It is a rectangle of ~ 258 mm. Because of its versatility, it can be applied to all commonly used shoji screens. It should be noted that this unitization enables a thin plate structure, and is one of the means that enables weight reduction, multi-layering, high heat insulation, and mass production.

Conventional multi-layered glass sheets could not be unitized, so they were Due to inconsistent laws, it became difficult to mass-produce the products, and as a result, it became necessary to increase the area of each product and reduce the number of products manufactured. As a matter of necessity, it was necessary to use at least thick plate glass of 3 mm or more. As a result, the total thickness becomes thick and heavy, and it becomes impossible to support multiple sheets of thick plate glass, making it impossible to create multiple layers, and high heat insulation cannot be obtained.

In FIG. 1, the unit 1 of this example is composed of a thin plate 2, and an elastic end member (cushion material) 3 is provided on the outer periphery thereof. It is characterized by a multi-layered structure, and this is the biggest factor that enables weight reduction and high heat insulation. In addition, the elastic end member 3 facilitates the mounting of the unit 1, absorbs the difference in expansion and contraction of the unit 1 due to changes in temperature and humidity, and absorbs dimensional errors during construction of the mounting material. It is a cushioning material for this purpose, and is a means of realizing unitization.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the II--II cross section of FIG. In FIG. 2, the unit 1 of this example is made of six layers of thin plates 2, and the thin plates 2 made of resin are folded to form a support means 4. The support means 4 is made of a penetrating material 5. It is stopped and the joint outside the support means 4 is fixed with an adhesive tape 6 . At this time, these connections are all telescopically movably connected in a direction parallel to the surface of the thin plate 2, and the interval between the thin plates 2 varies depending on the temperature between the thin plate 2 and the air of the air layer connected thereto. The thickness is such that air convection can be blocked within a difference of about 5°C.

In FIG. 2, the assembly method of the unit 1 of this example is as follows: the support means 4a and the support means 4b are stopped by the penetrating material 5a, the support means 4c is stopped by the penetrating material 5b, Furthermore, the support means 4 e and the support means 4 f are attached to the thin plate 2 d with the support means inserted in the opposite direction, and the through material After the parts stopped by 5c are piled up, this part is joined with adhesive tape 6. At this time, the thin plate 2d with supporting means is sandwiched between the supporting means 4c and the supporting means 4f and stopped. It should be noted that these support means 4 may be fastened by ultrasonic bonding instead of the piercing material, as will be described later.

As in this example, by bending the peripheral edge of the thin resin plate 2 and integrating the thin plate 2 and the holding means 4, a strong plate-like body with high rigidity can be made from a thin plate. It became possible. For example, even a thin piece of paper can have great stiffness by folding it. The present invention focuses on this and is characterized by constructing a sturdy unit from a film that is as thin as possible. By doing so, the bending of the thin plate 2 can be reduced and the air layer 9 can be made thinner. Conductivity can be reduced. In this example, the thin plate 2 is bent by cutting the back side of the bent portion into a U shape and bending at room temperature. This eliminates the need for annealing (work to remove strain by keeping the product at a high temperature for a long period of time), making it possible to quickly manufacture the product.

Since this unit 1 is a highly insulating plate, there is a large temperature difference on both sides, and the thin plates with different temperatures in stages have different expansion and contraction amounts. For example, when the thin plate 2a is in contact with room air at 20°C and the thin plate 2e is in contact with cold air at -10°C, the air layer 9a becomes 15°C, and similarly 9 b, 10 °C; 9, c, 5; to C, 9 d to 0 °C, 9 e to _ 5 °C. Thus, lamina 2a is at 17.5°C, similarly 2b at 12.5°C, 2c at 7.5°C and 2d at 2.5°C. In addition, 2f is -2.5°C, and 2e is -7.5°C, so there is a difference in the amount of expansion and contraction of each thin plate. At this time, the thin plate and the supporting means are to be movablely connected. As a result, unit 1 will not be deformed. The unit 1 of this example is designed not to be deformed in the temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.

In FIG. 2, the support means 4 is provided with a myriad of holes 7, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity of the support means 4 and providing high heat insulation. and lighter.

In FIG. 2, the end member 3 of this example is an elastic material, a heat insulating material, and an airtight material. It is adhered to the supporting means 4 by ultrasonic welding using a horn with a sharp tip, double-sided adhesive tape, adhesive, and hot-melt resin. Since this end member 3 is endless, the process of adhering it to the support means 4 is shortened. The elasticity of the end member 3 is such that the compressive stress with a thickness of 50% is about 20 g/ ^cm2 in the coarse portion 3a and about 50 g/ ^cm2 in the dense portion 3b. An average of 25 g/ ^cm2 is desirable. In this example, the end member 3 is provided with a large number of holes 8 extending therethrough so that a large amount of dimensional adjustment can be achieved with a slight acting force.

In FIG. 2, in this example, the air layer communicates with the outside world through the corner slits and end members 3 of the unit 1, and the air inside the unit 1 expands and contracts due to temperature changes. Even if the humidity outside the unit 1 changes with the seasons, the humidity inside and outside the unit 1 is always kept the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of another example of the unit 1 of the present invention. In Fig. 3, the unit 1 of this example is a standard plate used for shoji screens, etc., and its planar size is an effective dimension at normal temperature, and is attached to the back of the muntin. When the short side force is 1 45 mn! ~ 134 mm and the long side is 435 mm ~ 402 mm, and when inserted between the muntins, the short side is 143 mm - 124 mm, and the long side is 433 mm! It is a rectangle of ~ 392 mm. This applies mainly to 6-shaku 2-honryu shoji and 12-shaku 4-honryu shoji.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the IV--IV cross section of FIG. In FIG. 4, this example is an example of a laminate obtained by laminating resin and resin or resin and glass having different properties. For example, by laminating resin and glass, In addition to preventing the shattering of glass when using unit 1, it improves impact resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance, and scratch resistance. A thin resin plate 2a is combined with a thin glass plate 2a' for expansion and absorption, and an adhesive or polyvinyl butyral resin is added between the thin resin plate 2a and the thin glass plate 2a'. By forming a thin film by thermocompression bonding of the sheet, since these are elastic resins, it is possible to absorb the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction between the thin plates 2a and 2a' due to temperature changes. At this time, the thin glass plate 2a' is 0.2 mn thick! The leakage is about 0.4 mm, and the thin resin plate 2a has a thickness of 0.02 mm! It is about 0.1 mm, polyester resin or polycarbonate resin is used, and it is desirable to bend at room temperature while pressing the bent part with a roller.

In FIG. 4, the unit 1 of this example is made of eight layers of thin plates, and has a configuration in which a thin plate 2g and a thin plate 2h are added to the unit 1 of the example of FIG. Repetition makes it easy to create multiple layers. In addition, the end member 3 of this example is an elastic end member, and in its cross section, the outer periphery forms a concave surface 10, the rough portion 3a is made of nonwoven fabric or the like, and both ends are pipe-shaped. The flexible elastic material 3c is formed in a teardrop shape. Therefore, the end member 3 has a large dimensional adjustability and is excellent in heat insulation, watertightness and airtightness. In the present invention, the unit 1 made of a thin resin plate is manufactured by a mechanical assembly method using penetrating materials or thermal bonding (ultrasonic waves, etc.) for parts that are likely to be distorted and that require high strength and durability. be. This method allows movable connections, provides a service life of 25 years or more, and can be quickly transferred to the next process, making mass production easy. Conventionally, when a plate glass or a resin plate is constructed, the assembly method always becomes a problem. I was frustrated when I ran into problems such as a method for maintaining uniform pressure and fixation of the adherend material, durability and strength problems, strain stress and mass production problems. These points are considered and resolved in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of another example of the unit 1 of the present invention. In Fig. 5, unit 1 in this example is a standard plate used for shoji screens and the like. The side is 145 nm to 134 mm, and the long side is 326 mm! ~ 301 mm, and when inserted between the muntins, the short side is 143 mm! ~ 124 mm and the long side is 324 mm! It is a rectangle of ~ 291 mm. This applies mainly to 9-shaku 4-honritsu shoji. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the VI--VI cross section of FIG. In FIG. 6, the unit 1 of this example is also constructed by bending a thin resin plate 2, and supporting means 4b,

4 c , 4 d and 4 with flat support means 1 1 for penetrating material

5 (or ultrasonic bonding), which is nestled inside the support means 4a and 4e. This assembly method has the characteristic that it can be multi-layered. In addition, the end member 3 of this example is formed by forming a flexible elastic material 3e into a pipe shape (with vinyl acetate resin) at the edge of the foam sponge 3d in its cross section. It has great dimensional adjustability and is particularly durable.

FIG. 7 is the same front view as FIG. 1 of the unit 1 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the VIII--VIII cross section of FIG. 7, which is common to all parts of the outer circumference of the unit 1, but has a different configuration from that of FIG. In FIG. 8, in this example, the thin plates 2b-2e are fitted into grooves 26b-26e formed in the flat support means 11. As shown in FIG. When these are assembled, the thin plates 2b to 2e are fitted into the grooves 26b to 26e of the support means 11, and then the support means 11 is joined, so that the thin plates 2b to 2e can be assembled without bending. It is possible to prevent the thin plates 2b to 2e from being damaged or deformed.

In FIG. 8, in this example, in order to increase the strength of the unit 1, the peripheral ends of the thin plates 2a, 2f are bent to form supporting means 4a, 4f. 2f and the support means 4a, 4f are integral. In this bending process, the inside of the bent portion is cut into a U shape in advance, and then bent by ultrasonic processing, so that even acrylic resin and cellulose resin can be processed without breaking. . In addition, in FIG. 8, the support means 4a, 4f and the end member 3 may be adhered with a double-sided adhesive tape, but a horn with a sharp tip is used to perform it more mechanically. Alternatively, the hot-melt resin 8 may be attached to the end member 3 in advance, and hot air may be blown through the holes 8. Adheres steadily without sticking to parts or being excessively applied. The same applies to the joints of the support means 4a, 4f, and the hot-melt resin 6' is attached to the support means 4a, 4f in advance, and heated by blowing hot air thereon.

FIG. 9 is also an enlarged cross-sectional view of the VIII-VIII section of FIG. 7, but shows the case of three thin plates (the same applies to the case of two thin plates). In Figure 9 In this example, the flat holding means 11 and the supporting means 4b made by bending the peripheral edge of the thin plate 2b are thermally welded by ultrasonic bonding 5', and the thin plate 2a is attached to this. , supporting means 4a made by bending the peripheral edge thereof, thin plate 2, and supporting means 4c made by bending the peripheral edge thereof are all covered and fixed with adhesive tape 6. there is At this time, the end member 3 uses a flexible elastic material made of a foam material.

FIG. 10 shows a front view of an example different from the previous example of the unit 1 of the present invention. The unit 1 of this example is a standard plate that is used in a substantially horizontal manner, such as a ceiling. , 455-450, 364-360 mm, and 303-300 mm square, making it a standard board that can be applied to any building.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XI--XI cross section of FIG. In FIG. 11, this example is a laminated plate in which an adhesive or an intermediate film of polyvinyl butyral resin is provided between the thin plate 2a and the thin plate 2a. A compressive stress is applied in advance to the thin plate 2a, and a tensile stress is applied in advance to the thin plate 2a. This combination of preload and pretension prevents the above-mentioned laminated plate from bending due to its own weight, making it possible to produce a horizontal plate with a large span, such as a single-span 1-3 plate.

In FIG. 11, the supporting means 4b-4g of the lamellas 2b-2g are all joined together in a downwardly folded state. By doing so, tensile stress acts on the upper surface of the thin plates 2b to 2g, and compressive stress acts on the lower surface thereof, so that the deflection of the thin plates 2b to 2g can be reduced. The support means 4b to 4f are also provided with flat plates 11 and stopped by means of through-holes 5, which are housed inside the support means 4a and 4g. Further, the end member 3 of this example is sponge It is made in 3d and has one or more concavities 10 made on its perimeter. This provides increased cushioning and greater dimensional adjustability.

FIG. 12 is a front view of another example of the unit 1 of the present invention, which is different from the previous example. In this example, the unit 1 is twice as large as the unit 1 in FIG. As an example, it can also be the size of unit 1 in FIG. In this example, a contact-cum-end member 12 made of a colorless and transparent silicone-based elastic sealing material is provided in the center, and the thin plate 2 inserted inside and the flat support means 11 are connected to each other as shown in FIG. It is the size of a unit 1 of , and is made of glass or resin.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XIII--XII cross section of FIG. In this example, the thin plate 2a and the thin plate 2f are thin laminated glass, and a polyvinyl butyral resin sheet is sandwiched between the two thin plate glasses, which are then heat-pressed to form an intermediate film. It is laminated. This improves the impact resistance of the thin plates 2a and 2f and prevents the glass from shattering. When the thin plates 2b to 2e and the flat support means 11 inserted inside are made of glass, the flat support means 11 and the thin plates 2b to 2e are placed between the thin plates 2a and 2f. It is integrated and inserted by adhesive sealing materials 13, 14. If the flat support means 11 is made of polyetherimide resin whose coefficient of thermal expansion is approximately equal to that of glass, the thermal conductivity can also be reduced.

In FIG. 13, the method of integrating the thin plates 2b-2e and the flat support means 11 is as follows: First, elastic sealing materials 13c and 13d are formed on the flat support means 11, and then the thin plates 2c and 2d are applied, the elastic sealants 14c and 14d are formed and integrated, and then the elastic sealants 13b and 13e are formed on the support means 11 for force flat, which with thin plates 2 b and 2 e attached to After being formed, the elastic sealants 14b and 14e are formed and integrated. In addition, when the thin plates 2b to 2e inserted inside and the flat support means 11 are made of resin, the integration method according to Fig. 6 is adopted. Also, in this example, the end member 3 is made of a colorless and transparent silicone-based elastic sealing material 3, and its outer circumference is leveled by blowing compressed air. At this time, the adhesive strength between this elastic sealing material and glass is approximately 20 kg/ ^cm2 .

14 and 1'5 are enlarged cross-sectional views of the XIV-XIV cross section (central portion) of FIG. 12. FIG. Fig. 14 shows an example in which the thin plate 2 inserted inside and the flat support means 11 are made of glass, and Fig. 15 shows an example in which they are made of resin. In FIG. 14, in this example, on both sides (upper and lower in the figure) of the crosspiece-combined end member 12, a multi-layered heat insulating unit in which the thin plates 2b to 2e of FIG. In the example of FIG. 15, multi-layer heat insulation units integrated with thin plates 2 inside of FIG. Forces are inserted facing each other. 14 and 15, the thin plates 2a and 2f in contact with the crosspiece-cum-end member 12 are continuous at this portion.

FIG. 16 is an example of a unit 1 force 'unit system 28 which is aligned and inserted in one plane between two plates of glass 15 which make up the system, The front view is shown. In FIG. 16, in this example, the peripheral edges of two thick plate glasses 15 are fixed to each other by adhesive means 16, and 12 units 1 made of glass or resin (actually, , any number of them) are lined up, and the units 1 are all inserted in a non-stressed and non-fixed state. FIG. 16 particularly shows an example in which the unit 1 is provided with a size adjusting unit 1' cut in the middle so as to match the planar size of the thick plate glass 15. As shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XVH-XVII cross section of FIG. and the joint part of Unit 1. In this example, the unit 1 is made of resin, and the support means 4a-4d formed by bending the peripheral edges of the thin plates 2a-2d and the flat support means 11 are overlapped and joined. At this joint portion, these support means 4a to 4d and 11 are both processed to protrude inward (in the case of acrylic resin, ultrasonic processing), and a penetrating portion penetrating through this protruding portion 27 is formed. Stopped by material 5. As a result, the penetrating material 5 does not protrude outside the unit 1 (outside the outer surface of the flat support means 11), so the unit 1 is jointed without any gap.

FIG. 18 is also an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XVI--XVII cross section of FIG. This example is an example of a unit 1 made of glass, similar to FIG. and the support means 4b are integrated by an elastic sealing material 14b. After a number of these are arranged, the unit 1 provided with the end member 3 f of the colorless and transparent silicone-based elastic sealing material is arranged between the thick plate glasses 15 . FIG. 19 is also an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XVII-XVII cross section of FIG. A multi-layer insulation unit integrated with a flat support means 11 is arranged in one plane between the thick plate glasses 15 facing each other.

20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of section XX--XX of FIG. 16 showing the end of the unit system 28. FIG. This FIG. 20 also shows the end of the unit system 28 where the unit 1 has not been cut and the two glass plates 15 are held together by adhesive means 16 . At this time, since the resin unit 1 expands and contracts more than the thick plate glass 15 due to temperature change, a margin 7' is provided between the bonding means 16 and the unit 1 to absorb the expansion and contraction. is provided. This adhesive means 16 is an elastic A single ring material may be used, but a foam material with a low thermal conductivity is used, and the bonding with the thick plate glass 15 is performed by heat-sealing polyvinyl butyral resin on the thick plate glass 15 side in advance, and then bonding this resin surface and Acrylic resin is injected between the adhesive means 16 and hardened at room temperature. However, when the present unit system 28 is assembled at a construction site or the like, the above adhesion is performed with a double-sided adhesive tape 6". Since the temperature difference between the glass and the air can be reduced, the inside of the glass will not become cloudy due to condensation, unlike the conventional multi-layered glass, and there is no need to enclose dry air or a desiccant inside the glass. , Unit System 28 with this double-sided adhesive tape 6” has the characteristic that it can be assembled anywhere, by anyone, at any time.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view showing the end of unit system 28, similar to FIG. It's becoming In this case, the flat supporting means 11 and the adhesive means 16 are used in common, and the thin plates 2a-2d are provided in the grooves 26a-26d of the flat supporting means/adhesive means 11 (16) for expansion and contraction. Look at the 7' clearance.

FIG. 22 is a front view of unit system 28 similar to FIG. Fig. 23 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XXIII-XXIII section of Fig. 22, showing the case where there are two thin plates 2a, 2b. The flat support means 11 are also made of foam material and have a low thermal conductivity.

Fig. 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XXIV-XXIV cross section of Fig. 22, and its configuration is the same as that of Fig. 20, but the number of thin plates 2a, 2 is two. Same as 21, except for two thin plates 2a and 2b. FIG. 26 is also a front view of the unit system 28 similar to FIG. Fig. 27 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XXVII-XXVII cross section of Fig. 26, the configuration of which is the same as that of Fig. 17, with one thin plate 2a. 28 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the Πν ΐ Π-XXV III cross section in FIG. 26, and the configuration is the same as in FIG. is the same as in FIG. 21, with one thin plate 2a.

FIG. 30 is an example of a unit system 28 in which a unit 1 is attached to a sheet of thick plate glass 15, and shows a front view thereof. In FIG. 30, the unit system 28 of this example is made up of 12 (actually, any number of) units 1, of which 4 are size adjusting unit 1'. include. An edge crosspiece 17 is provided at the peripheral end of the thick plate glass 15, and a center crosspiece 18 is provided at the center of the thick plate glass 15. These crosspieces are elastic materials, heat insulating materials, and airtight materials. It has become.

FIG. 31 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ΠΧΙ-XXXI section of FIG. ing. The central crosspiece 18 is provided with an adhesive injection hole 19, through which an adhesive 20 is injected, whereby the thick plate glass 15 and the central crosspiece 18 are adhered, the unit 1 is fitted, and being held down. Colorless and transparent acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, or silicone elastic sealing material is generally used for this adhesive 20. The units 1, 1' are detachable and replaceable because they are fixed by screws 18' where holes 19 are not provided.

In FIG. 31, the unit of this example has thin plates 2c, 2d, 2b, and 2e with support means attached to flat support means 11 by ultrasonic bonding 5'. In this example, the means-equipped thin plate 2a is fixed by an adhesive tape 6, and an end member 3 is provided on the outer periphery of these support means groups. ing.

32 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of section XXXII-XXXII of FIG. 30, showing the end of the unit system 28. FIG. FIG. 32 shows a case where the unit 1 is not cut, and the unit 1 is fitted into the end crosspiece 17 and held down by being fixed with a screw 17'. Also, FIG. 33 is an enlarged sectional view showing the end of unit system 28, similar to FIG. It has become. In this case, the lamellae 2b-2e are fitted into the flat support means 11 with a clearance 7' for expansion and contraction, and the lamella 2a is fitted into the flat support means 11 with a clearance 7' for expansion and contraction. ', and is stopped and held down by an end member 17 and a screw 17'. At this time, no end member is provided here.

FIG. 34 is a front view of unit system 28 similar to FIG. Figure 35 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the XXXV-XXXV cross section in Figure 34, and shows the case of two thin plates (two layers), but it is also possible to use one thin plate (one layer). The peripheral edge of the thin plate 2a is held down by the framework of the system (central beam 18 and screw 18') to serve as a fixed end. ing. Therefore, high rigidity can be obtained even when cleaning the thin plate 2a.

Figure 36 is an enlarged section view of section XXXVI-XXXVI of Figure 34, showing the end of the unit system 28, where the unit 1 has not been cut. FIG. 37, like FIG. 36, is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the end of unit system 28, with unit 1 being cut to form size adjusting unit 1'. These are held down by end bars 17 and screws 17'. The configuration of these units 1 and 1' is the same as in FIG.

Figure 38 illustrates the failure in which unit 1 of Figures 1, 7 and 12 is used. Examples of shoji, Fig. 39 is an example of a shoji using the unit 1 of Fig. 3, Fig. 40 is an example of a shoji using the unit 1 of Fig. 5, respectively. Figure shows. In FIGS. 38, 39 and 40, each shoji has a vertical frame 21, a lower frame 22, an upper frame 23, a vertical muntin 24, and a horizontal muntin as a frame constituting a system 28. 25 are provided, and 24 units are used for unit 1 in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 7, and 12 units are used for unit 1 in FIG.

In the present invention, there are three main ways to attach the unit 1 to the wooden system 28 . That is, the fitting method (dropping method), the screwing method, and the bonding method. The fitting method is a method of fitting (dropping) the unit 1 into the groove 26 of the framework of the system 28 without using an adhesive. etc.), and in some cases, it is held down by crosspieces. It is a method of fixing with a ring material.

41 to 43 are enlarged cross-sectional views of XXXXI-XXXXI cross sections in FIGS. 38 to 40. FIG. In FIG. 41, in this example, the unit is attached behind the muntins 24 and 25 by one force, and is attached by a screwing method or an adhesive method. In addition, the unit 1 of this example is made of resin, obtains transmitted light without unevenness, and is transparent or has a shoji paper pattern.

In FIG. 42, in this example, the units are stacked in two rows (with a gap provided) in one row, are inserted between the muntins 24, and are fitted in the grooves 26, The horizontal muntins 25 are provided in triplicate. Of these, one row is made of glass and the other row is made of resin, and is decorated with watermarks. Reality can be obtained.

In FIG. 43, in this example, the units are stacked in two rows without gaps. The unit 1 is inserted between the muntins 24, held down from behind the muntins 24 by a pressing bar 24', and attached by a screw method.

For the thin plate 2 of the unit 1 of the present invention, a thin plate with various design patterns such as transparent shoji paper patterns or watermarks is used, and antistatic processing, surface hardening processing, and weather resistance (discoloration and discoloration) are used. (prevents deterioration) Heat resistance Cold resistance Water resistance Chemical resistance . As a result, the optical performance, thermal performance, and durability performance of unit 1 are improved, and its applications are expanded. In addition to the selection of the thin plate 2, sunshine adjustment is also performed by opening and closing the shoji.

FIG. 44 is an explanatory view relating to the manufacturing method of the unit system of the present invention, showing the assembly method of the unit 1. FIG. In FIG. 44, the unit 1 of the present invention is located closer to the thin plate 2 located farther than the edge 29 of the support means 4a integrated with the thin plate 2a. 2 to c; That is, the thin plate 2b is fixed to the support means 4a by ultrasonic bonding 5' or the like, and then the thin plate 2c is moved as indicated by the arrow and is fixed to the support means 4a as indicated by the dotted line. can be assembled. This makes it possible to create as many layers as you like, and moreover, quick assembly is possible, and mass production can be easily carried out.

FIG. 45 is also an explanatory view relating to the manufacturing method of the unit system of the present invention, and is a view showing the bending method of the thin plate 2. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 45, when bending the thin plate 2, the inner side 30 of the bent portion is cut in advance into a U shape and then processed. That is, the inner side 30 of the bent portion of the thin plate 2 is cut in advance into a U shape and then bent as indicated by the arrow to form the support means 4 as indicated by the dotted line. The unit system 28 of the present invention has a long service life of 25 years or more, and glass can be recycled as before, and resin can be unified into several elements. , can be easily recycled. Industrial applicability

Experiments have shown that the amount of heat transfer due to convection is approximately inversely proportional to the product of the number of constituent plates forming the air layer and the fourth root of the number of constituent plates, and the amount of heat transfer due to radiation is approximately equal to the number of constituent plates. It was found to be proportional to the difference between the 4th power of the absolute temperature of the component plate and the 4th power of the absolute temperature of the absorbing component plate. Focusing on this, the present invention uses light-transmitting thin plates as constituent elements to provide a multi-layered, ultra-lightweight unit system capable of preventing heat deformation and cleave deformation. It is a highly heat-insulating unit system with high light transmittance, provides even transmitted light, has a wide range of design options, is suitable for interiors, and is a unit system that can be freely replaced. It enables automatic adjustment of unit dimensions, movable connection and stress-free construction, and uses ultrasonic waves to achieve a strong construction while enabling the use of thin sheets as thin as possible, as well as to reduce the deflection of the sheets. By reducing airflow, the air layer can be thinned. As a result, it can be easily mass-produced and multi-layered with less material. This multi-layering can reduce the temperature difference between the opposing thin plates and the temperature difference between the thin plates and the air, thereby reducing the heat transmission coefficient. Thus, with the same brightness, the same weight and the same thickness, the heat transfer coefficient can be minimized, which is the greatest effect of the present invention.

Another effect of the present invention is that the thin plate is composed of laminates or coatings of various translucent materials, from cellulose resins, which have the same components as paper and wood, to glass. , installation of this unit In addition to being easy to remove, it is adaptable to the dimensional error of the attached member.The unit is based on a single room, so it can be applied to any building. Preloading and pretensioning can be combined to prevent deflection during horizontal use over a large span.

As the quality of life improves, the demand for brightness and comfort in the room increases, the use of glass windows increases, and so does the demand for air conditioning, which in turn increases the air conditioning load and condensation. The portion that does not transmit light can be easily insulated with opaque heat insulating material. In the winter, it cooled through the windows, and in the summer, it was warmed by the heat through the windows, and the warmth and coolness in the room was lost through the windows. In order to catch this, more and more powerful air-conditioning equipment is required, and without realizing it, the idling air-conditioning lost through the windows accumulates, consuming a lot of electricity and kerosene, and reducing energy consumption. Mass consumption was spurred on. The present invention provides a highly insulated unit system for use in such windows that prevents condensation while saving on heating and cooling costs and energy consumption.

For example, when installing a heat insulating shoji using the resin unit of the present invention and a thickness of 15 mm inside a conventional glass window with a heat transmission coefficient of about 6.0 kcal / m ² hr ° C, The heat transmission coefficient of the window can be reduced to about 0.6 kcal/ ^m2 hr °C. That is, the heat loss of the window becomes about 1 Z 10 of the conventional - when the dependence on cooling and heating is 100%, in an area with an average annual temperature of 15 °C, the power per window ^lm2 per year is about 145 kwh, or about £40 in kerosene is saved. In addition, it is transparent and translucent, yet lightweight, and prevents condensation even at a relative humidity of 80% when the outside temperature is -15°C and the room temperature is 20°C.

The more highly insulated a room is, the irrelevant it is to the coldness or heat of the outside air, and the closer the insulation of a window is to that of the wall, the larger the window. height becomes irrelevant. The unit system of the present invention can be used in a temperature range of -40°C to 170°C, and the more severe the temperature changes, the greater the economic effect. By making this unit multi-layered, the heat transmission coefficient can be reduced to 0.3 kcal/ ^m2 hr °C or less. can also In this way, the amount of through-flow heat is reduced to 1 Z20 or less compared to the conventional system, and since it is like being wrapped in many layers of transparent futon, it is possible to provide a living space that is bright, warm in winter, and cool in summer. which will save a lot of energy in future heating and cooling. For example, when the heat transmission coefficient of a room is set to 0.3 kcalZm ² hr °C, in a region where the cold in winter is about 0 °C, only the heat generated by electric appliances such as lighting fixtures of the human body warms the room, especially In areas where the summer heat is around 36°C, the cooling capacity is reduced by 20% to 16% when the amount of heat generated indoors is around ^20kcalZm2 hr. is saved to

Furthermore, the high heat insulation of the present invention reduces the temperature difference between the center and corners of the room, and between the head and feet, keeping your legs cool and your shoulders and face cool during sleep. It eliminates coldness, making it possible to realize healthy air conditioning that is close to nature. This unit system is a light, bright, and highly insulated system that can be used in a wide range of fields, from windows of houses, hotels, offices, stores, cold storage warehouses, to greenhouses for growing vegetables and fruits. be done

Claims

^ 94/28278 Request for Amendment ? /„ 5 [28 September 1994 (28.09.94) Accepted by the International Bureau: Claims 4, 6, 15' 25, 27, 29 and 30 as originally filed are withdrawn; Claims 1-3, 5, 7, 13, 14, 16-22, 26, 28 and 31-37 of 1998 have been amended; new claims 38 and 44 have been added. No change in claims (page 7) ]

1. (After correction) Light transmissive lightweight heat insulation unit system used in openings of buildings, etc., to reduce heat loss or prevent condensation,

In the unit system, a multi-layered heat insulating plate is formed by a plurality of unit plates, and one or more of the unit plates is composed of one or more thin plates that transmit light. and each one is portable,

At least one air layer is provided in contact with the surface of the thin plate and parallel to the surface of the unit plate, and the air layer is evenly provided in the light transmission range of the unit plate,

The air layer is provided with adjustment holes for adjusting the pressure difference based on the expansion and contraction of the air in the air layer due to temperature changes, and for adjusting the humidity difference based on seasonal changes, and the adjustment holes are provided with the air It is a communicating hole through which the air of the layer gradually flows,

A support means is provided in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate to support the thin plate and partition the air layer while reducing the deflection of the thin plate. In addition to absorbing the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction in the direction parallel to the surface of the thin plate due to the difference and preventing the deformation of the entire unit plate,

The peripheral edge of one or more laminae of the unit system has a fixed end connection that reduces deflection of the lamina and allows cleaning of the lamina, and the unit plate is A light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system, characterized in that it is arranged in a non-stressed state in a direction parallel to and is prevented from being deformed by expansion and contraction of said unit plate.

2. (After correction) The thin plate has a total light transmittance of 30% or more,

Corrected paper (Article 19 The light-transmitting lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the inner lamina of the layered insulation board is less than 1.6mm and the thickness of the outer lamina is less than 1.8mm.

3. The light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the air layer (after correction) is a thickness that reduces air convection due to temperature differences.

4. (Deleted)

5. (After correction) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral edge of the thin plate is fitted in the groove.

6. (Deleted)

7. (Amended) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit' system of claim 1, wherein the joint of the support means is stopped by a penetrating material penetrating the joint.

8. A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein an end member is provided surrounding the shell of the unit plate.

9. A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the support means or end members are one or more of elastic, insulating and airtight.

10. The light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 9, wherein the outer periphery of the elastic end member has one or more concave surfaces in its cross-sectional direction _.

11. The elastic end member is provided with a number of holes in a direction perpendicular to its surface, the depth of which is equal to the thickness of the end member from the outside of the end member.

1/3 or more, the light transmissive lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 9.

12. A light transmissive lightweight unit system according to claim 8, wherein the end member is made endless.

1 3. (After correction) Plane of unit plate used almost horizontally such as ceiling

45

Amended paper (Article 19) The dimensions are effective dimensions at room temperature,

2. The light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the length of one side is a quadrilateral whose dimension is the value obtained by dividing the distance by 3 to 6 and adding or subtracting a value within 30 squares.

1 4. (After correction) The plane dimensions of unit boards used almost vertically, such as shoji screens, are effective dimensions at room temperature as follows:

The light transmittance according to claim 1, wherein the length of one side is a quadrilateral with a value obtained by subtracting a value of 4/5 to 9 Z 5 of the column dimension from one space and dividing this by 4 to 12 Lightweight insulation unit system.

1 5. (Deleted)

1 6. (Corrected) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system of claim 1, wherein the framework of the system is one or more of elastic, insulating, and airtight.

1 7. (After correction) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system of claim 1, wherein the unit plate is attached in a detachable, removable and replaceable manner.

1 8. (After correction) The light-transmitting lightweight heat insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thin plate is a composite of glass and resin that absorbs expansion and contraction.

1 9. (After correction) The light-transmitting lightweight heat insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thin plate is a modified multiple composite of resin and resin.

20. (After correction) Claim 1, wherein the thin plate is a composite plate, and is preloaded and pretensioned composite plate to which a compressive stress and a tensile stress are applied in advance to prevent deflection of the thin plate. A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system as described in .

21. (After correction) The light transmissive lightweight heat insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thin plate is subjected to polarization processing for polarizing light.

22. (After correction) The specified pattern or watermark is applied to the unit plate.

4 6

Amended paper (Article 19) A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 1, comprising:

23. The light-transmitting lightweight heat insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thin plate is subjected to antistatic processing or surface hardening processing.

24. The light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit according to claim 1, wherein the thin plate is coated with a coating material that improves one or more of weather resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, and chemical resistance. · System.

25. (Deleted)

26. (After correction) A unit plate is inserted between two thick plates of glass,

2. The light transmissive lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the unit plate is inserted in a non-fixed state with the thick plate glass.

27. (Deleted)

28. (After correction) A unit plate is attached to one side of a thick plate glass,

2. The light transmissive lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the thick plate glass and the framework supporting the unit plate are bonded together.

29. (Deleted)

30. (Deleted)

31. (After Amendment) According to claim 1, the bonding or bonding is performed by thermal bonding, acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, elastic sealant, adhesive tape (including both sides), or adhesive. A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system as described.

32. (After amendment) A light-transmitting, lightweight thermal insulation unit system used in openings of buildings, etc., for heat loss reduction or dew condensation prevention,

In the unit system, a plurality of unit plates form a multi-layered heat insulating plate, and one or more of the unit plates transmit light.

47

Corrected paper (Article 19 It consists of one or more thin plates, each of which is portable,

At least one air layer is provided in contact with the surface of the thin plate and parallel to the surface of the unit plate, and the air layer is evenly provided in the light transmission range of the unit plate,

The air layer is provided with adjustment holes for adjusting the pressure difference based on the expansion and contraction of the air in the air layer due to temperature changes, and for adjusting the humidity difference based on seasonal changes, and the adjustment holes are provided with the air It is a communicating hole through which the air of the layer gradually flows,

A support means is provided in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate to support the thin plate and partition the air layer while reducing the deflection of the thin plate. In addition to absorbing the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction in the direction parallel to the surface of the thin plate due to the difference and preventing the deformation of the entire unit plate,

The peripheral edge of one or more laminae of the unit system has a fixed end connection that reduces deflection of the lamina and allows cleaning of the lamina, and the unit plate is In a light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system arranged in a non-forced stress state in a direction parallel to and preventing deformation due to expansion and contraction of the unit plate,

A light-transmitting lightweight heat-insulating unit comprising a step of planarly arranging the plurality of unit plates in a row or arranging them in multiple rows to form a unit system of various sizes. method of manufacturing the system.

33. (After correction) The inner laminae of the multi-layer unit plate are stopped in order from the lamina farther than the edge of the support means to the lamina located closer to it. 33. A method of manufacturing a light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 32, comprising the step of assembling.

34. (After correction) When bending thin plates or supporting means,

48

Amended paper (Article ₉ ) 33. A method of manufacturing a light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 32, comprising a step performed after the inside is U-cut.

35. (After correction) A method for manufacturing a light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 32, comprising a step in which bending of the thin plate or supporting means is performed by ultrasonic waves or high frequencies.

36. (Amended) A method of manufacturing a light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 32, comprising a step in which the bonding is performed by ultrasound or radio frequency.

37. (Amended) Manufacture of light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 32, comprising a step in which joining is performed by blowing hot air onto pre-loaded hot-melt resin. Method.

38. (Addition) A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein the lamina peripheral edges or support means are bent.

39. (Addition) The light-transmitting lightweight thermal insulation unit system according to claim 38, wherein the bending of the peripheral edge of the thin plate or the support means is integral molding.

40. (Addition) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system of claim 1, wherein the support means joints are point joints.

41. (Additional) The light transmissive lightweight insulation unit of claim 1, wherein the support means is porous with a large number of small holes.

42. (Addition) The end member is an elastic end member that absorbs the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction due to the temperature change or humidity change of the unit system and the dimensional error in its manufacture. lightweight insulation unit system.

43. (Addition) According to claim 1, the support means and end members of the unit plate are hidden behind the frame supporting the unit plate, and the area surrounded by the frame is completely transparent to light. A light transmissive lightweight insulation unit system as described.

49

Amended paper (Article ₁₉ )

44. (Addition) The light-transmissive lightweight heat insulation unit system according to claim 1, wherein all of the constituent plates constituting the unit plate are made of plastic.

50

Corrected paper (19 pages) Statement under Article 19 of the Convention

1. A comparison of the claims as set forth in the replacement sheet and the claims as originally filed is as follows:

(1) Claims 1, 3, 5, 7, 16-22, 26, 28, 31-37 have been amended. In particular, paragraphs 1 and 32 have been amended to include the features of paragraphs 4, 25, 26 and 30.

(2) Articles 8 to 12, 23 and 24 were not corrected.

(3) Paragraphs 4, 6, 15, 25, 27, 29 and 30 have been deleted.

(4) Paragraphs 38-44 have been added.

2. The correction under Article 19(1) of the Patent Cooperation Treaty was made in consideration of the international search report.

3. The claimed invention submitted this time has novelty and inventive _stepc