WO1994025447A1 - Method for the preparation of oxazolines or oxazines using a batch process - Google Patents
Method for the preparation of oxazolines or oxazines using a batch process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994025447A1 WO1994025447A1 PCT/EP1994/001173 EP9401173W WO9425447A1 WO 1994025447 A1 WO1994025447 A1 WO 1994025447A1 EP 9401173 W EP9401173 W EP 9401173W WO 9425447 A1 WO9425447 A1 WO 9425447A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- propanolamides
- ethanolamides
- oxazines
- oxazolines
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0201—Oxygen-containing compounds
- B01J31/0211—Oxygen-containing compounds with a metal-oxygen link
- B01J31/0212—Alkoxylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D263/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D265/04—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines
- C07D265/06—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines not condensed with other rings
- C07D265/08—1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/0233—Polyamines derived from (poly)oxazolines, (poly)oxazines or having pendant acyl groups
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of oxazines and oxazolines, in which 3-propanolamides or ethanol amides of carboxylic acids are optionally condensed in the presence of titanium or zirconium compounds.
- 5,6-Dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines substituted in the 2-position are known compounds which, inter alia in the form of their polymers, can be added to plastics as antistatic agents, cf. U.S. Patent 3,470,267. Their use together with zinc stabilizers in PVC compositions is described, inter alia, in US Pat. No. 4,755,549 and in DE-A-36 30 318.
- the 2-0xazolines with a substituent in the 2-position are also known and are valuable products which, for. B. can be used as a solvent or plasticizer and in particular as polymerization components.
- the conventional methods such as. B. are described in the patent applications DE-0S-38 24 982, DE-0S-39 14 133, DE-0S-39 14 155 and DE-OS-39 14 159, the formed oxazoline or oxazine is together with the water of reaction from unreacted starting materials and by-products is distilled off and selectively condensed. Because of their high boiling point, oxazines or oxazolines are precipitated from the common gas phase, while the water is discharged as steam.
- the object of the present invention was to develop a process in which the separation of the oxazolines or oxazines formed from the reaction mixture is facilitated and the occurrence of side reactions is reduced.
- the present invention accordingly relates to a process for the preparation of oxazolines or oxazines in which 3-propanolamides or ethanolamides of carboxylic acids are optionally condensed in the presence of a catalyst, at elevated temperatures and reduced pressure, which is characterized in that when the Reaction a slow nitrogen flow for expelling the reaction water formed is passed through the reaction vessel and the oxazoline or oxazine formed is distilled off directly via a thin film evaporator.
- the propanolamides or ethanolamides can be used directly or can be obtained in a first reaction step from the corresponding carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters or carboxylic acid glycerides with 3-propanolamine or ethanolamine.
- the reaction of the carboxylic acids with the alkanolamine and the subsequent condensation of the ethanolamines or 3-propanolamides to give the oxazolines or oxazines can be carried out in the same reaction vessel, in a so-called one-pot reaction. Such a procedure is preferred because the entire preparation of the oxazolines or oxazines can be carried out in a single reaction vessel.
- the occurrence of side reactions can be reduced by first removing water or alcohol formed during the reaction of the carboxylic acids with the alkanolamine before the condensation to the oxazolines or oxazines is carried out.
- carboxylic acids with an optionally hydroxy-, vicinal-dihydroxy- and / or vicinal-hydroxy / C 1 -C 2 -alkoxy-substituted hydrocarbon radical having at least 4, in particular 7 to 21, carbon atoms in the Hydrocarbon chains, b) aryl or aralkylcarboxylic acids optionally substituted in the aromatic nucleus, c) hydroxy-substituted alkylcarboxylic acids with 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, d) alkoxy-substituted alkylcarboxylic acids with 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl and 1 to 18 carbon atoms toms in the alkoxy group, e) ether carboxylic acids of the formula
- R 2 - (OC 2 H 5 ) -0-CH 2 -COOH in which R 2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular a methyl group, and p is a number in the range from 1 to 10, in particular 1 or 2; typical examples of these ether carboxylic acids e.g. B. in the patent applications or patents DE-A-26 36 123, EP-B-0 039 111, EP-B-0 018 681 and DE-A-31 35 946 are described.
- the process according to the invention is suitable, inter alia, for the production of fatty acid oxazolines and oxazines.
- Derivatives and their fatty acid esters and fatty acid glycerides, in particular triglycerides, are used. Because of their easy access, natural fatty acids of animal or vegetable origin are preferred.
- Typical representatives of the abovementioned natural fatty acids are caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmolein, stearic, isostearic, oil, elaidic, petroseline, linoleic, linolenic , Elaeostearic, ricinol, 12-hydroxystearic, arachinic, gadoleinic, behenic or erucic acid, as well as their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils.
- These are e.g. B. from natural oils or their hardened products easily accessible, such as. B.
- the above fats and oils in which the fatty acids are present as triglycerides can also be used.
- carboxylic acids can also be used to form the alkanolamides: benzoic acid, which can have 1 to 3 substituents; where typical substituents are C ⁇ -C ⁇ alkyl groups, especially methyl, C ⁇ -C ⁇ alkoxy groups, especially methoxy, and halogen atoms, such as chlorine and bromine; Phenylacetic acid, which can be substituted in the aromatic nucleus with 1 to 3 of the above-mentioned substituents; Valeric acid, caproic acid and enanthic acid; Hydroxycarboxylic acids with 2 to 7 carbon atoms, in particular hydroxyacetic acid (glycolic acid), hydroxypropionic acid (lactic acid), hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, hydroxycaproic acid, in particular the -hydroxy-substituted isomers thereof and, where appropriate, their lactones; vicinal-hydroxy or vicinal-hydroxy- / alkoxy-substituted carboxylic acids
- the ethanolamides or the 3-propanolamides can be converted to the oxazoline or oxazine either thermally or in the presence of catalysts.
- Titanium or zirconium compounds, in particular alkylates are generally used as catalysts, the majority of which are commercially available.
- Ti (0Bu) 4 is preferably used.
- Examples of such catalysts are e.g. B. in the patent applications DE-OS-38 24 982, DE-OS-39 14 133, DE-OS-39 14 155 and DE-OS-39 14 159 and described in US-A-4,705,764.
- the catalyst is used in an amount of less than 1 mol%, based on the amount of acid used. The use of quantities greater than 1 mol% promotes the occurrence of undesirable side reactions.
- the condensation reaction is carried out at temperatures from 150 to 270 ° C., the reaction preferably being carried out under reduced pressure, in particular at 5 to 50 hPa and under protective gas.
- the water of reaction formed is expelled ("stripped") with a small stream of nitrogen which is passed through the reaction mixture.
- Removing the water of reaction has two advantages, namely, firstly, the reaction equilibrium is shifted in such a way that the formation of oxazoline or oxazine is accelerated, and secondly, undesirable side reactions are avoided.
- the nitrogen stream introduced additionally loads the vacuum pumps.
- the rate at which the nitrogen flow is passed through the reaction mixture is essentially determined by the size of the apparatus and can be set by a person skilled in the art without having to be inventive in this regard. A typical value is 1.5 Nm 3 / h.
- a thin film evaporator is put into operation. This is set to a temperature of 250 ° C to 320 ° C, preferably 250 to 290 ° C.
- the reaction sump is continuously pumped around, which keeps the thermal load on the reaction mixture low. Due to the short residence time of the reaction mixture in the thin-film evaporator, high evaporator temperatures can be used, which largely prevents the thermal decomposition of the reaction product. It has z. B. proved that at a jacket temperature of 280 ° C and a pressure of about 15 mbar, a particularly high oxazoline or oxazine formation takes place and distillation can be carried out optimally.
- the thin film evaporator only contributes to the distillation of the oxazoline or oxazine, but not to the removal of the water of reaction. Removal of the oxazoline or oxazine from the reaction mixture further accelerates the course of the reaction.
- the process control can be further improved by optimally distributing the gas bubbles in the reaction mixture, which can be achieved by a stirrer of a known type.
- FIG. 1 A possible process sequence of the method according to the invention is shown in the attached FIG. 1.
- Fig. 1 System sketch - semi-batch process
- the condensation reaction of alkanolamine and fatty acid methyl ester is carried out in the reactor R1.
- the reaction mixture is pumped around using the gear pump P1, at the same time nitrogen is fed into the reactor via a line L.
- the vacuum in the reaction mixture is maintained via the vacuum pump P2.
- the thin-film evaporator VI is put into operation, the oxazoline or oxazine formed being distilled off.
- the distilled reaction product is condensed on the condenser Wl and collected in the distillation unit B1 or B2. Distilled reaction products that do not condense on the condenser Wl, e.g. B. water, are conveyed away as inert gas from the vacuum pump P2, which are first passed through a grease trap AI.
- the first reaction stage about 1.5 mol of alkanolamine are reacted with 1 mol of fatty acid methyl ester at a temperature of 130 to 180 ° C. to form the carboxylic acid alkanolamide.
- the methanol formed distills off at this reaction temperature.
- the excess alkanolamine is distilled off by slowly lowering the pressure (to at least 30 mbar) at an internal temperature of 140 to 160 ° C.
- the reactor contents are heated to 190-200 ° C.
- a weak nitrogen flow is introduced into the boiler from below.
- the thin-film evaporator temperature is set to a jacket temperature of 280 ° C. and the evaporator is put into operation.
- the oxazoline or oxazine formed is condensed at a temperature of about 20 to 40 ° C., depending on the pressure.
- the water does not condense at this temperature, which is pumped away by the vacuum pumps as an inert gas.
- the water is passed through a fat separator in order to separate any reaction product that is entrained and uncondensed, oxazoline or oxazine.
- oxazoline or oxazine are obtained in yields of approx. 75% and obtained with a purity of approx. 95%.
- the unreacted starting materials or by-products can be used again for subsequent batches, so that a total yield of> 90% can be achieved.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6521409A JPH08508724A (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1994-04-15 | Batch manufacturing method of oxazoline and oxazine |
EP94914379A EP0695299A1 (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1994-04-15 | Method for the preparation of oxazolines or oxazines using a batch process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19934313511 DE4313511A1 (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1993-04-24 | Batch process for the preparation of oxazolines and oxazines |
DEP4313511.0 | 1993-04-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994025447A1 true WO1994025447A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
Family
ID=6486315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1994/001173 WO1994025447A1 (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1994-04-15 | Method for the preparation of oxazolines or oxazines using a batch process |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0695299A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH08508724A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4313511A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994025447A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3824982A1 (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-18 | Henkel Kgaa | 2- (11-HYDROXY-8-HEPTADECENYL- OR 11,8- AND 11,9-HEPTADECADIENYL) OXAZOLIN, AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE, IF SUCH, OF SUBSTITUTED HOEHERER 2- (ALKYL- AND ALKENYL) -OXAZOLINES |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0315856A1 (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-alkyl- and 2-alkenyl- oxazolines |
EP0394854A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-alkyl or alcenyl-2-oxazoline from fatty acid glycerides |
EP0394850A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines |
EP0394849A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-oxazolines |
-
1993
- 1993-04-24 DE DE19934313511 patent/DE4313511A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-04-15 JP JP6521409A patent/JPH08508724A/en active Pending
- 1994-04-15 WO PCT/EP1994/001173 patent/WO1994025447A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-04-15 EP EP94914379A patent/EP0695299A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0315856A1 (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-alkyl- and 2-alkenyl- oxazolines |
EP0394854A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-alkyl or alcenyl-2-oxazoline from fatty acid glycerides |
EP0394850A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines |
EP0394849A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Process for the preparation of 2-oxazolines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4313511A1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
EP0695299A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 |
JPH08508724A (en) | 1996-09-17 |
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