WO1994023254A1 - Buse de pulverisation et dispositif de pulverisation d'un melange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse - Google Patents
Buse de pulverisation et dispositif de pulverisation d'un melange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994023254A1 WO1994023254A1 PCT/FR1994/000319 FR9400319W WO9423254A1 WO 1994023254 A1 WO1994023254 A1 WO 1994023254A1 FR 9400319 W FR9400319 W FR 9400319W WO 9423254 A1 WO9423254 A1 WO 9423254A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- chamber
- water
- piston
- air
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
- F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/0075—Nozzle arrangements in gas streams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
- B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
- B05B7/063—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet one fluid being sucked by the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
- B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
- B05B7/065—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet an inner gas outlet being surrounded by an annular adjacent liquid outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
- F25C2303/046—Snow making by using low pressure air ventilators, e.g. fan type snow canons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
- F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
- F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air
Definitions
- Spray nozzle and device for spraying a mixture of water and air using said nozzle Spray nozzle and device for spraying a mixture of water and air using said nozzle
- the present invention relates to a nozzle for spraying it and, more particularly, a nozzle capable of spraying very fine droplets, quantities of fluid which vary over large quantities.
- the inventi on also relates to the application of such a nozzle to the manufacture of artificial snow, whether or not integrated into a spraying device for the type known as blower gun or low gun
- a spraying device of this type is described in particular in document FR-A-2 661 737.
- the amount of snow produced with these devices depends on both atmospheric conditions and the capacity of the spray nozzle, in terms of flow rate.
- the range of flow rates must be wide enough to take full advantage of variations in atmospheric conditions.
- the present invention firstly proposes a nozzle which makes it possible to spray extremely variable amounts of water, that is to say flows ranging from 5 to 60 m / h for example.
- This nozzle allows, in this 3 Q flow range, an improvement in the size of the water droplets which will be used in particular for
- the nozzle according to the invention p r résente in the form of a tubular sleeve comprising, from upstream to downstream ⁇ : - a hood, or leading edge, annular and profiled; - an internal wall lined with an external wall; an annular orifice centered on the axis of said sleeve, through which the ejection of the fluid brought under pressure between said walls takes place, which fluid disperses in a double flow of air, that is to say a flow central which passes axially through said sleeve and an external flow which envelops the latter;
- this nozzle comprises an annular obturator disposed at the level of the ejection orifice, and means for axially maneuvering said obturator in order to adjust at will, the cross section of the fluid passage at said ejection orifice, which adjustment makes it possible to adapt the nozzle flow according to needs or conditions of use.
- the nozzle comprises, arranged at the downstream end of its internal wall, a frustoconical seat for the shutter valve, the half-angle of which at the top is of the order of 30 ° to avoid any risk of jamming and, fitted at the downstream end of its outer wall, a frustoconical deflector whose half-angle at the top is between 10 and 15 °, which deflector is located downstream of the ejection orifice to achieve a reconcentration of the jet at the outlet of said orifice.
- the nozzle comprises a closure device in the form of an elongated sleeve, guided between the internal and external walls, and the upstream end of which constitutes a kind of piston housed in an annular chamber which is connected to an additional device responsible for operating said obturator, which obturator defines on the one hand with said internal wall, an annulo-cylindrical cavity which brings the fluid uniformly, at the level of the ejection orifice and, on the other hand , with the outer wall, another annular cavity which corresponds to the arrival of the fluid under pressure, which fluid passes through the wall of said obturator by judiciously arranged holes.
- the nozzle comprises an annular chamber connected to a source of pressurized air, which chamber is arranged in the downstream part of said nozzle, between the water inlet chamber and the ejection orifice , allowing on the one hand, to supply nucleators and, on the other hand, to exert on a suitable shoulder arranged in this zone on the shutter, a pressure which counteracts that of the operating fluid of said shutter.
- the nozzle comprises a shutter shaped to allow its actuation under the effect of pressurized water in the nozzle, by means of a difference in the sealing sections on said shutter upstream and downstream of the arrival of pressurized water in the nozzle.
- the nozzle comprises nucleators of the nozzle type, grafted on the external wall upstream of the ejection orifice to project a mixture of water and air into the flow which circulates at the exterior of the nozzle, which pressurized water comes from a small annular chamber arranged between the main pressurized water chamber and the pressurized air chamber.
- the nozzle comprises nucleators arranged directly in the trailing edge of an annular part constituting the downstream part of the external wall, each nucleator consisting firstly of an air ejection orifice under pressure, communicating with the pressurized air chamber and, on the other hand, an orifice communicating with a nozzle arranged in the wall of the deflector, which orifices have a diameter of the order of 1 mm and form an angle of about 45 ° with the axis of the nozzle, projecting a mixture of water and air into the flow which circulates outside the nozzle, slightly upstream of the junction between the external flow and the internal flow.
- the holes of the air and water orifices of the nucleators are parallel to each other, spaced by a distance which corresponds substantially to twice their diameter, which hole for water is located in downstream of the air passage hole and has a slot arranged in a plane passing through the axis of the nozzle and the axis of the water and air holes, which slot has a width of the order of 0 , 5 mm.
- the nozzle comprises, between the external wall and the downstream part constituting the trailing edge, a heating member in the form of an annular electrical resistance which makes it possible to prevent incidents due to freezing.
- the device for operating the shutter of the nozzle comprises an operating system proper which makes it possible to adjust the position of the valve of the shutter to establish a section for the passage of water in the nozzle and an operating and safety system which makes it possible to close or open said valve whatever the position of the operating system itself.
- This type of spray nozzle can also find its application in the field of low pressure snow cannons, that is to say in spray devices of the type comprising a fan system which propels a certain mass of air used to drive the water droplets at the outlet of the nozzle, over a fairly long distance.
- the present invention provides an equally effective material, but whose size and weight give it greater maneuverability.
- the spraying device comprises, arranged co-axially, two counter-rotating fans, arranged to create a straight axial air flow, upstream of a nozzle supplied with pressurized water.
- the use of two fans instead of one as described in the aforementioned document makes it possible to significantly reduce the size and the weight of the spraying device. Furthermore, during start-up, the fans can be put into service successively, which reduces energy consumption during these start-up phases.
- the device may also comprise, arranged between the downstream fan and the nozzle, on the one hand, a device for tranquilizing the air flow, consisting of axial radial plates which can at the same time serve as support for the fan motor located downstream, and, on the other hand, a fixed cone integral with said motor, for channeling air towards the inlet of the nozzle.
- a device for tranquilizing the air flow consisting of axial radial plates which can at the same time serve as support for the fan motor located downstream, and, on the other hand, a fixed cone integral with said motor, for channeling air towards the inlet of the nozzle.
- the device comprises, outside the fan casing, arrangements in the form of compartments, making it possible to accommodate, on an appropriate support, all the control and / or measurement organs and accessories ; the whole being covered with an envelope giving this device a substantially truncated ogival shape and a compact appearance.
- the device also includes an electronic module provided with inputs for measuring temperature, hygrometry, pressure and water flow and outputs to control the start-up of the fans and the adjustment of the nozzle.
- This module allows automatic and autonomous operation of the device. It can also include connection means on a transmission line, in order to connect it to a control station from which the start-up orders will be given.
- FIG. 1 is an elevation, in section, of the spraying device according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is broken down into two Figures 3a. and 3 ⁇ which correspond to half-views in section of FIG. 2, along 3a_ and along 3 ⁇ ;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation of the nozzle adapted to the spraying device, for the manufacture of artificial snow;
- Figure 4ja. shows, in more detail, the ejection orifice;
- FIG. 5 is a partial view, in section, of a portion of the external wall of the body of the nozzle shown in FIG. 4;
- Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the mounting of a nucleator on the outer wall of the body of the nozzle shown in Figure 4;
- FIG. 7 illustrates, shown in the form of a functional diagram, the control means of the closure device of the nozzle shown in Figure 4;
- - Figure 8 shows a compact embodiment of the means for controlling the valve of the nozzle
- - Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the nozzle, in half-section
- Figure 10 shows, in more detail, a variant of the valve and its seat, at the ejection orifice
- - Figure 11 shows another variant of the nozzle, in half-section, provided with integrated nucleators
- Figure 12 shows, on a larger scale, a nucleator of Figure 11
- c - Figure 12a_ is a section along 12a ⁇ of the figure
- the nozzle 1 is in the form of a sleeve to allow the establishment of a double flow, that is to say an air flow inside •, 0 of the sleeve in channel 2 and a flow outside said sleeve.
- the central channel-shaped part 2 is delimited by the internal wall 3 of the nozzle.
- This nozzle also has an external wall 4 and, at its rear end, an annular orifice 5 through which the fluid under pressure is ejected 2.
- the pressurized fluid is introduced into the nozzle through an orifice 6 arranged in the external wall 4.
- This orifice 6 communicates with an annular chamber 7.
- This annular chamber 7 is located substantially in the center of
- the nozzle is arranged to allow sealing of the ejection orifice 5.
- the downstream end of the nozzle comprises a frustoconical seat 9 and a valve.
- FIG. 1 a There is shown, in an enlarged view, FIG. 1 a, the seat 9 and the valve 10.
- the valve 10 is extended by a deflector 12 which makes it possible to straighten the jet of fluid at the outlet. To avoid any wedging phenomenon between the valve and the seat, it is necessary to adopt for the seat, a relatively large angle of the order of 30 ° relative to the axis 11 of the nozzle.
- the water jet coming out of the ejection orifice 5, in the form of an annulo-conical sheet, is straightened by the frustoconical deflector
- the deflector 12 may also include, as necessary, a sort of very fine toothing 13, arranged axially, which makes it possible to lacerate and divide the film of fluid at the outlet of the nozzle.
- the diameter of channel 2 is relatively large, of the order of 150 mm. It is slightly less than the diameter of the ejection orifice 5 due to the presence of the shutter.
- the inner and outer walls are movable relative to each other to allow the closure of the ejection orifice 5; their position is further adjustable by means of adjustment screws 14. These adjustment screws allow the section to be modified
- a seal 15 is interposed between the internal wall 3 and the external wall 4 upstream of the annular chamber
- the internal wall Downstream of the annular chamber 7, the internal wall has bearing surfaces 16 regularly distributed around its periphery to guide and center this internal wall 3 relative to the external wall 4.
- this nozzle allows spraying
- a fluid for example water
- a fluid for example water
- the internal and external walls are profiled and / or are, as shown in thin broken lines, covered with a fairing 17.
- the spraying device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises, arranged on the longitudinal axis 11 of the nozzle 1, two counter-rotating fans 22 and 23.
- the fans 22 and 23 are arranged face to face in the upstream part of the casing 25; they are driven separately by electric motors 28. These 5 motors are identical and they are fixed to the casing 25 by arms.
- the arms 29 of the motor of the upstream fan 22, are arranged for example vertically and horizontally, as shown in FIG. 3.
- the arms 30 of the motor of the downstream fan 23, can constitute a sort of vane for tranquilizing the air flow, form of axial plates arranged radially.
- the motor 28 of the downstream fan 23 has a cone 31 which makes it possible to guide the air flow towards the inlet
- the fan 22 constitutes a first compression stage; the fan 23 constitutes a second compression stage and, moreover, it acts as a rectifier so as to establish a perfectly axial and straight air flow in the casing 25. This flow is further channeled and tranquilized by the arms 30 in form of plates which support the motor 28.
- the fans 22 and 23 are in fact arranged between the two motors 28, in the center. They are independent of each other. They can be started in turn, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the power required to start such a device.
- the internal casing 25 is surrounded by an external casing 35 whose shape is substantially similar to a truncated warhead.
- This compartment can be fitted with a support 37 which makes it possible to install all of the spraying device control accessories.
- this spraying device is in the form of an autonomous compact assembly; it can be installed on any type of mobile or fixed support.
- FIG. 3 there is shown, Figure 3, on the half-section 3 j a, a rotary joint 38 arranged at the support 39 of the device.
- This rotary joint 38 allows the passage of pressurized water between the support 39 and the spraying device 0.
- This support 39 is hollow and arranged to allow the passage of water.
- the pipe 40 which joins the nozzle 1 passing through the space available between the internal casing 25 and the external casing 35.
- pressurized air supply intended in particular for nucleators which will be discussed later and which are fitted on the nozzle.
- This supply can also be carried out by means of a similar rotating joint, not
- FIG. 4 shows the spray nozzle 1, installed at the outlet 27 of the casing 25. This nozzle is assembled on the casing by means of a flange 0
- This arm 43 is profiled and may, in one piece or not, form part of the external wall 4 of the nozzle.
- the arm 43 has, at its lower part 5, the flange 42 which allows the assembly and fixing of the nozzle on the casing 25, in its downstream part.
- This flange 42 and / or the arm 43 can also serve as a connection with a structure responsible for supporting the entire spraying device.
- This structure 0 not shown, directly comprising, at least one inlet pipe for the pressurized water.
- the internal wall 3 of the nozzle 1 is secured, at its front end, to the external wall 4, by means of screws 44.
- the space 5 between two walls, of blind annulo-cylindrical shape encloses the shutter device 45 consisting of an elongated sleeve which extends from the ejection origin upstream of the nozzle.
- This sleeve is centered and guided between the inner and outer walls; its length is at least equal to its diameter.
- the internal wall 3, channel side 2, is profiled: it comprises upstream, a cylindrical part, followed downstream, of a divergence with a very slight slope, oc
- the inlet of the nozzle 1 has a leading edge 46, profiled. This leading edge can be shaped on one or the other of the walls, or both. It preferably consists of a cover which fits on the front part of the nozzle. This cover is hollow and it is made of plastic and / or laminate to allow weight gain.
- the rear part of the nozzle has a ring
- tie rod 47 also profiled, which is assembled at the same time as the cover 46, by means of tie rods 48 shown in FIG. 5; these tie rods 48 pass longitudinally through the external wall 0 4. At its downstream end, the tie rod 48 is screwed into the ring 47; the head of the tie rod, upstream, is housed in a recess 49 arranged in the cover 46, FIG. 5.
- annular housing intended for an electric heating resistor 50.
- This resistance is supplied by means of wires 51 which pass through the cover 46 which is hollow, and in the upstream part of the arm 0 43 which includes a passage orifice 52 arranged for this purpose in particular.
- a thermostat 53 allows the temperature to be adjusted at the nozzle.
- This thermostat FIG. 4, is housed in the cover 46, at its upper part for example, 5 where the wires 51 of the resistor 50 open.
- This resistor has a power of a few hundred watts.
- the obturation device 45 defines, with the internal wall 3, the chamber 8 for supplying water to the ejection orifice 5.
- Spans 16 arranged on the wall 3 and profiled, provide guidance and centralization of the two parts with respect to each other in order to provide great precision at the level of the ejection orifice, between the valve 10 located at the downstream end of the obturation device and the seat 9 fitted at the end ava ,, of said internal wall 3.
- the chamber 8 has a suitable length to allow the water to arrive uniformly at the ejection orifice 5.
- the water arrives in this chamber through orifices 55 drilled in the wall of the closure device , at the level of the annular chamber 7 which receives the pressurized water.
- This annular chamber 7 is arranged between the closure device 45 and the external wall 4.
- the orifices 55 are arranged in a crown on the closure device and are in sufficient number to allow uniform feeding of the ejection orifice 5.
- the valve 10 cooperates with the downstream end of the internal wall 3, arranged in the form of a seat 9. These two elements constitute the shutter as shown in FIG. 1. This downstream end of the spray orifice is shown separately, so enlarged, Figure 4a ⁇ . Note the seat 9 arranged at the end of the internal wall 3. This seat has a frustoconical shape; the tip of the cone being located towards the inside of the nozzle. The half angle at the top of the cone is of the order of 30 ° to avoid jamming of the valve 10. This valve 10 also has a frustoconical shape which cooperates with the seat 9.
- the downstream end of this valve can be slightly rounded to straighten the water streams and produce, at the outlet of the nozzle, a water jet in the form of an annulo-conical sheet, slightly diverging thanks to the deflector 12.
- the downstream end of this deflector 12 can also be striated axially to lacerate and divide the film of the jet leaving the nozzle.
- These streaks 13 form small teeth, of triangular sectio increasing from upstream to downstream.
- the height of these teeth is of the same order as the space between the valve 10 and the seat 9; their length is of the order of a few millimeters.
- the deflector 12 is a kind of divergent with a slope of the order of 10 to 15 ° depending on the angle that we want to give to the jet at the outlet of the nozzle.
- the sealing of the closure device 45 relative to the walls 3 and 4 is achieved by seals 62, 63 at its upstream end; the seal 62 is located on said device and the other seal 63 is located on the wall 3.
- This upstream end of the sealing device 45 forms a kind of piston 64 whose role will be detailed below.
- This difference in diameter creates a pressure difference between the sealing sections located on the side of the valve 10 and of the piston 64, that is to say on either side of the pressurized water inlet; this has the effect, when the pressurized water arrives in the chamber
- the position of the valve 10 relative to the seat 9 is controlled by the piston 64.
- an O-ring chamber 66 delimited by the upstream part of the external wall 4 and the upstream end of the wall 3 in which this piston 64 moves.
- This chamber 66 contains a hydraulic fluid and communicates ' , through an orifice 67 and through suitable piping 68, with a piloting or operating device 69 detailed below in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the nozzle 1 also comprises, arranged on its downstream periphery, nucleators 70, that is to say small nozzles which allow the formation of snow crystals and which used to seed the mixture of water and air at the outlet of the spraying device.
- these nucleators 70 are mounted on the periphery of the head 44 and it is noted, in FIG. 4, a tube 71 serving as support for a nucleation nozzle or nozzle 72, shown in thin dashed lines.
- This tube 71 is housed in a cavity 73 arranged in the arm
- the tube 71 is held in the housing 73 by means of a screw 75 bearing on a flange arranged at the periphery of said tube.
- the internal orifice of this tube 71 is in communication with a water inlet conduit 76; the external arrangement of said tube allows the passage of pressurized air from a conduit 77.
- These conduits 76 and 77 are arranged in the arm 43 and also open into annular chambers 78 and 79, arranged in the internal face of the wall 4. Seals 80 disposed on the sleeve of the closure device 45 isolate the different chambers 78, 79 from each other, and from the outside.
- the chamber 78 corresponding to the water inlet is located between the main water inlet chamber 7 and the chamber 79 which is located on the side of the ejection orifice 5.
- the water under pressure which is used to supply the nucleators 70 is taken from the main water inlet and it is introduced at these nucleators with a pressure lower than the pressure of the main water circuit.
- Figure 4 between the main inlet 81 of the pressurized water and the conduit 76, a regulator 82 which allows to supply the nucleators 70 with a water pressure of the order of 7 to 10 bars .
- the pressurized air which feeds the nucleators 70 has a pressure of the order of 7 to 9 bars, that is to say a relatively moderate pressure with a flow rate also relatively weak.
- Figure 6 shows a nucleator 70 positioned on the periphery of the outer wall 4 of the nozzle.
- the chambers 78 and 79 arranged on the internal face of the wall 4. These chambers communicate, in leaktight manner, with holes 88 and 89 arranged in the wall 4 and in a profiled support 90, of triangular shape, which include a housing 73 'used to accommodate a tube 71.
- This tube 71 is secured to the support 90 by means of a screw 75.
- the support 90 is fixed to the external wall 4 by means of a screw 91.
- This support 90 is positioned on a flat 92 arranged on the periphery of the wall 4.
- nucleators 70 it is possible to have a more or less large number of nucleators 70, regularly distributed over the periphery of this nozzle 1; between five and ten for example.
- FIG. 7 shows, in the form of a functional diagram, the means which make it possible to operate the shutter device 45, that is to say which make it possible to operate the valve 10.
- the movement of the valve 10 relative to the seat 9 makes it possible to adjust the passage section for water and close this passage.
- These means consist of an operating device 69 which cooperates with the piston 64 arranged at the upstream end of the shutter 45.
- this piston 64 makes it possible to open or close the valve 10. It also makes it possible to adjust - the opening section between the valve 10 and the seat 9, in order to regulate the flow of water capable of being ejected by the nozzle.
- the control device 69 includes, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7, an operating system 93 for opening and closing automatic valve 10 and an operating system 94 which adjusts the opening of the valve.
- the displacement of this valve is very small, of the order of about two millimeters; the space between the valve 10 and the seat 9 is limited to a few tenths of a millimeter.
- the thickness of the film of water at the outlet of the annular orifice is preferably as small as possible to promote the formation of very fine droplets; it is of the order of five tenths of a millimeter, for example.
- the chamber 66 of the piston 64 is in communication with a chamber 95 of the operating device 69, via the line 68. These two chambers and the line are filled with a suitable hydraulic fluid to fully transmit the variations in volume d 'one room to another.
- the volume of the hydraulic fluid is constant.
- the operating system 94 which adjusts the opening of the valve 10 comprises a piston 96 centered on the general axis 97; this piston 96 is movable under the effect of an electric geared motor 98 with two directions of rotation, shown partially.
- This drive member 98 drives a screw 99 cooperating with a threaded sleeve 100 integral with the piston 96.
- This piston 96 is immobilized in rotation by any suitable means.
- the operating system 93 is responsible for opening or closing the valve 10. It also includes a piston 101 centered on the general axis 97, disposed in the chamber 95. The pistons 96 and 101 are separated by the orifice 102 through which the hydraulic fluid escapes towards the chamber 66.
- the piston 101 is driven by means of a second piston 103 disposed in a chamber 104. This chamber 104 is located between the piston 103 and a partition 105 which is crossed, sealingly, by the rod 106 which connects said piston 103 to the piston 101.
- This chamber 104 is connected to the compressed air supply to the nucleators 70 by its orifice 107.
- the piston 103 of the member 93 is permanently subjected to an elastic member 108 of the helical spring type which counteracts the effect of the air pressure on said piston
- the piston 103 moves by driving the piston 101 which abuts on the partition 105.
- the movement of the piston 101 causes an increase in the volume of the chamber 95 and a draining of the chamber 66 of the piston 64 by means of the displacement hydraulic fluid. This operation causes the valve 10 to open.
- T actuating system 94 also includes switches 110 type limit switches which cooperate with a finger 111 integral for example of the threaded sleeve 100.
- the two operating systems 93, 94 can be separated, that is to say each comprise a chamber which corresponds to the chamber 95, which chambers are then joined by a conduit.
- FIG. 8 shows a particular embodiment of the operating and safety device 69.
- This device has the advantage of being particularly compact.
- the conduit 68 connects the chamber 66 of the piston 64 with the chamber 95 of the operating device.
- a constant quantity of hydraulic fluid moves from chamber 95 to chamber 66 and vice versa, by means of conduit 68.
- This displacement results from the movement of a first piston 96 centered on the axis 97 of the operating device.
- This piston 96 is movable under the effect of the motor 98 with two directions of rotation, shown partially in thin dashed lines; this drive member 98 drives the screw 99 cooperating with an appropriate threaded sleeve 100 arranged at the end of the piston 96, opposite the chamber 95.
- This piston 96 is immobilized in rotation by means of a finger 111 anchored to the end of the sleeve 100, on the side of the screw 99.
- This finger 111 is guided in a slot 112 arranged in the casing 113 which supports the motor 98 and which supports the cylinder 114 in which the chamber 95 is arranged.
- the motor 98 is used to vary the position of the valve 10 and adjust the section of the nozzle outlet.
- Limit switches cooperate with finger 111.
- the orifice 107 is arranged in the cylinder 114, which opens into the second chamber 104.
- the volume of this second chamber varies according to the movement of the second piston 103.
- the orifice 107 is connected to the supply of pressurized air which supplies the nucleators 70.
- the piston 103 is double. It indeed has an annulo-cylindrical portion 115 (corresponding to the piston 101 of the functional diagram) which envelops the first piston 96 in the chamber 95. Furthermore, this piston 103 is permanently subjected to the action of the elastic member in the form of a helical spring 108 which tends to counteract the effect of the air pressure exerted in the chamber 104.
- the piston 103 moves to the maximum of its stroke, compressing the spring 108.
- This movement of the piston 103 causes a displacement of its portion 115 and, consequently, a variation of the volume of the chamber 95, which variation causes a displacement of the hydraulic fluid located in the chamber 66 which has the effect to move the piston 64 and consequently to open the valve 10.
- This movement is also favored by the pressure of the water which is exerted on the valve 10 as previously indicated.
- valve 10 When the valve 10 is in the normal open position, its position can be modified and consequently adjust the water passage section by means of the piston
- this piston 96 displaces the hydraulic fluid contained in the chamber 95 when it is maneuvered by the geared motor 98, which geared motor is actuated as a function of the temperature and hygrometry conditions so as to adapt the water flow to spray at atmospheric conditions at the place of installation of the device.
- the piston 96 advantageously makes it possible to memorize an open position of the valve 10, and in particular the last position. This feature makes it possible to reach the spraying regime more quickly.
- the operating device 69 is housed in the compartment 36, FIG. 3, arranged between the internal casing 25 and the external envelope 35.
- This device is fixed on the support 37; it requires a simple electrical supply to the motor 98 and a connection to the pressurized air supply.
- the compartment 36 also contains the various relays and contactors used for the operation of the fans 22 and 23.
- This module 116 has inputs 117 for the temperature, hygrometry, pressure and water flow measurements, and of the outputs 118 for controlling the fans 22 and 23 and for controlling the device for operating the valve 10 of the nozzle 1 to adjust the flow rate c of water.
- This module 116 can also be connected via a line of the telephone line type, not shown, with a central control station which will be responsible, depending on the data, for putting the spraying device into service.
- Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the nozzle, in half-section.
- the deflector 12 which, previously, was located directly downstream of the valve 10 on the closure device 5, is now integrated into the downstream part 147 which extends the external wall 4, constituting the trailing edge of the nozzle.
- This frustoconical deflector 12 has a half-angle at the top between 10 and 15 °.
- the valve 10 ends with a rounded edge which tangents the surface of the seat 9.
- the closure device 45 comprises a shoulder 148, 5 in FIG. 9, arranged not far from the valve.
- This shoulder 148 receives the pressure of the compressed air which is intended for the nucleators 70.
- This shoulder 148 delimits, with the part
- a chamber 149 annular, connected to the chamber 79 which receives the pressurized air and which is arranged in the external wall 4.
- These two chambers 149 and 79 communicate by a channel 150.
- a seal 151 is interposed between this chamber 149 and the end wall 152 of the closure device 45.
- This feature also makes it possible to open the shutter with pressurized air; it also facilitates disassembly of the nozzle and in particular of the internal wall by introducing compressed air into the chamber 79.
- nucleators 70 On the side of the piston 64, we note the presence of two seals 62 and 62 'interposed between the drawer and the external wall 4 as well as two seals 63 and 63' interposed between said drawer and the internal wall 3. Between these seals, there are holes 162 and 163 fitted respectively on the piston 64 and on the internal wall 3. These holes make it possible to put the space between the seals in communication with the internal channel 2 in order to carry out the evacuation of any leaks, as well as leaks d water coming from chambers 7 or 8, only leaks of hydraulic fluid coming from chamber 66.
- nucleators 70 include simple sprinklers 170 housed in a borehole 171 arranged on the support 90. This support comprises a channel 178 for supplying pressurized water and a channel 179 for supplying pressurized air. These channels are respectively in communication with the chambers 78 and 79 arranged in the external wall 4.
- FIG. 11 shows another variant of the nozzle and in particular a variant in which the nucleators are directly integrated in the downstream part
- the nucleators are quite often subject to incidents of the plugging or icing type. These incidents make them lose all efficiency and reduce the yield and in particular the quantity and quality of snow produced.
- Figure 11 and Figures 12 and 12a ⁇ in particular, show this new type of nucleator.
- Part 147 has orifices 180 through which a jet of pressurized air escapes.
- This pressurized air comes from a hole 181 drilled in the trailing edge of the part 147.
- This hole 181 communicates by a channel 182 with the chamber 149 mentioned previously in FIG. 9.
- This chamber 149 communicates with the annular chamber 79 by a channel 150.
- the channel 182 is parallel to the axis 11 of the nozzle.
- the hole 181 makes an angle of the order of 45 ° with this axis H-
- This orifice 185 Downstream of the orifice 180, there is an orifice 185 for the ejection of the water. This orifice 185 also opens onto the trailing edge and corresponds to a hole
- the holes 181 and 186 are parallel and spaced about twice their diameter approximately, which diameter is of the order of 1 mm.
- the holes 181 and 186 are parallel. These nucleators, arranged at the end of the part 147, benefit from the heat given off by the resistor 50 situated between this part 147 and the external wall 4. This avoids incidents due to freezing.
- This solution also has the advantage of eliminating the regulator 82 used for conventional nucleators of the nozzle type, and the water chamber 78. The length of the nozzle is also reduced.
- the trailing edge of the part 147 has a bearing face 189 separated from said edge 188 by a groove 190.
- All parts of the nozzle are preferably made of aluminum and / or aluminum alloy.
- the closure device 45 may include a surface treatment of the anodization type to improve its resistance to friction qualities.
- Such a spraying device can find interesting applications in all fields which require fine spraying to carry out treatments or protections of all kinds, for example in the field of fire fighting or the like.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6521729A JPH08510041A (ja) | 1993-03-30 | 1994-03-23 | 噴射ノズルと、この噴射ノズルを用いて水と空気の混合物を噴射する装置 |
EP94911206A EP0690971A1 (fr) | 1993-03-30 | 1994-03-23 | Buse de pulverisation et dispositif de pulverisation d'un melange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse |
CA002159108A CA2159108A1 (fr) | 1993-03-30 | 1994-03-23 | Buse de pulverisation et dispositif de pulverisation d'un melange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse |
NO953851A NO953851L (no) | 1993-03-30 | 1995-09-28 | Spröytemunnstykke og anordning for spröyting av en blanding av vann og luft ved bruk av samme munstykke |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR93/03939 | 1993-03-30 | ||
FR9303939A FR2703264B1 (fr) | 1993-03-30 | 1993-03-30 | Buse de pulvérisation et dispositif de pulvérisation d'un mélange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994023254A1 true WO1994023254A1 (fr) | 1994-10-13 |
Family
ID=9445713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1994/000319 WO1994023254A1 (fr) | 1993-03-30 | 1994-03-23 | Buse de pulverisation et dispositif de pulverisation d'un melange d'eau et d'air utilisant ladite buse |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0690971A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08510041A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2159108A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2703264B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO953851L (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1994023254A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6412709B1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 2002-07-02 | Shinyou Technologies Inc. | Fluid mixing-jetting apparatus, fluid mixer and snowmaker |
FR2930179A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-23 | Johnson Controls Neige Soc Par | Structure support de buse(s) pour la production de neige artificielle |
ITTN20090001A1 (it) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-22 | Leotech Srl | Gruppo compatto di comando |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4331836B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-04 | 2009-09-16 | 彦六 杉浦 | 複数流体ノズル |
UA82780C2 (uk) * | 2004-05-31 | 2008-05-12 | Телесто Сп. З О.О. | Головка для створення водяного туману |
FR2942976B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-13 | 2012-12-14 | Bernard Etcheparre | Dispositif de projection de fluide par effet de souffle d'air |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB797315A (en) * | 1955-03-05 | 1958-07-02 | Jean Mocquard | Device for atomising liquids |
FR2308790A1 (fr) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-11-19 | Rolls Royce | Injecteur de carburant pour moteur a turbine a gaz |
FR2421353A1 (fr) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-26 | Armand Daniel | Procede et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige |
DE3005653A1 (de) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-20 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Strahlpumpe |
JPS56127108A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-10-05 | Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd | Gas burner |
US4314670A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1982-02-09 | Walsh William A Jun | Variable gas atomization |
US4634050A (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-01-06 | Shippee James H | Fanless air aspiration snowmaking apparatus |
US4718870A (en) * | 1983-02-15 | 1988-01-12 | Techmet Corporation | Marine propulsion system |
US4828175A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1989-05-09 | Sufag Sport- Und Freizeitanlagen Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Snow-making machine |
FR2661737A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-11-08 | Handfield Louis | Machine de production de neige. |
US5083707A (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1992-01-28 | Dendrite Associates, Inc. | Nucleator |
US5090619A (en) * | 1990-08-29 | 1992-02-25 | Pinnacle Innovations | Snow gun having optimized mixing of compressed air and water flows |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1008377A (fr) * | 1950-01-14 | 1952-05-16 | Perfectionnement apporté aux systèmes de pulvérisation des liquides au moyen d'un fluide gazeux sous pression | |
NL81050C (fr) * | 1951-03-22 | 1956-04-16 | ||
SE371685B (fr) * | 1972-04-21 | 1974-11-25 | Stal Laval Turbin Ab | |
ATE26546T1 (de) * | 1981-11-18 | 1987-05-15 | Hans Moss | Blasduese zum stillen ausfliessen von gas. |
-
1993
- 1993-03-30 FR FR9303939A patent/FR2703264B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-03-23 WO PCT/FR1994/000319 patent/WO1994023254A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-03-23 EP EP94911206A patent/EP0690971A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-03-23 CA CA002159108A patent/CA2159108A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1994-03-23 JP JP6521729A patent/JPH08510041A/ja active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-09-28 NO NO953851A patent/NO953851L/no unknown
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB797315A (en) * | 1955-03-05 | 1958-07-02 | Jean Mocquard | Device for atomising liquids |
FR2308790A1 (fr) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-11-19 | Rolls Royce | Injecteur de carburant pour moteur a turbine a gaz |
FR2421353A1 (fr) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-26 | Armand Daniel | Procede et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige |
DE3005653A1 (de) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-20 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Strahlpumpe |
JPS56127108A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-10-05 | Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd | Gas burner |
US4314670A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1982-02-09 | Walsh William A Jun | Variable gas atomization |
US4718870A (en) * | 1983-02-15 | 1988-01-12 | Techmet Corporation | Marine propulsion system |
US4634050A (en) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-01-06 | Shippee James H | Fanless air aspiration snowmaking apparatus |
US4828175A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1989-05-09 | Sufag Sport- Und Freizeitanlagen Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Snow-making machine |
US5083707A (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1992-01-28 | Dendrite Associates, Inc. | Nucleator |
FR2661737A1 (fr) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-11-08 | Handfield Louis | Machine de production de neige. |
US5090619A (en) * | 1990-08-29 | 1992-02-25 | Pinnacle Innovations | Snow gun having optimized mixing of compressed air and water flows |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 6, no. 4 (M - 106) 12 January 1982 (1982-01-12) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6412709B1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 2002-07-02 | Shinyou Technologies Inc. | Fluid mixing-jetting apparatus, fluid mixer and snowmaker |
FR2930179A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-23 | Johnson Controls Neige Soc Par | Structure support de buse(s) pour la production de neige artificielle |
EP2112445A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | Johnson Controls Neige | Structure support de buse(s) pour la production de neige artificielle |
ITTN20090001A1 (it) * | 2009-04-21 | 2010-10-22 | Leotech Srl | Gruppo compatto di comando |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0690971A1 (fr) | 1996-01-10 |
FR2703264A1 (fr) | 1994-10-07 |
NO953851D0 (no) | 1995-09-28 |
CA2159108A1 (fr) | 1994-10-13 |
NO953851L (no) | 1995-09-28 |
JPH08510041A (ja) | 1996-10-22 |
FR2703264B1 (fr) | 1995-07-28 |
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