WO1994020352A1 - Rack and pinion steering gear, especially for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Rack and pinion steering gear, especially for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994020352A1
WO1994020352A1 PCT/EP1994/000734 EP9400734W WO9420352A1 WO 1994020352 A1 WO1994020352 A1 WO 1994020352A1 EP 9400734 W EP9400734 W EP 9400734W WO 9420352 A1 WO9420352 A1 WO 9420352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rack
bellows
steering
pinion
pinion steering
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1994/000734
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Götz Schweitzer
Axel GÄRTNER
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO1994020352A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994020352A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D3/00—Steering gears
    • B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
    • B62D3/12—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B4/00—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts at different temperature; Force fits; Non-releasable friction-grip fastenings
    • F16B4/006—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts being at different temperature
    • F16B4/008—Shrinkage connections, e.g. assembled with the parts being at different temperature using heat-recoverable, i.e. shrinkable, sleeves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to rack and pinion steering, in particular for motor vehicles, according to the preamble of
  • Claim 1 In such a rack and pinion steering, a pinion is rotatably mounted in a steering housing.
  • a rack is axially displaceably guided in the steering housing and is held in engagement with the pinion by a spring-loaded pressure piece.
  • At least one opening through which movable parts emerge is formed on the steering housing.
  • the moving parts can include the toothed rack or a tie rod connected to the toothed rack, or components that belong to a center drive. To close such openings, a bellows is fastened on the one hand to the steering housing and on the other hand to one of the movable parts.
  • Such a rack and pinion steering is known from DE-Al 32 48 001.
  • the bellows is fastened by a clip or by a pipe clamp-like component made of plastic or metal. Such assembly must be done by hand and can not be automated.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the rack and pinion steering in the area of the bellows fastening in such a way that automatic mounting of the bellows on the rack and pinion steering is possible.
  • This object is achieved by the rack and pinion steering characterized in claim 1.
  • the solution is achieved in particular in that the bellows are attached by shrinking an end part of the bellows.
  • the installation of the bellows on the rack and pinion steering is particularly simple when the end parts of the bellows consist of a shrinkable material, in particular of plastic. Then no other component is required apart from the bellows. If it is important that the bellows consist of a uniform, elastic material, it is expedient to place a short piece of tubing made of a shrinkable material, in particular plastic, on the essentially cylindrical ends of the bellows Assemble the bellows.
  • the end parts of the bellows are advantageously shrunk by local, partial heating. For example, hot air or an inductor can be used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention according to a first exemplary embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to a second embodiment.
  • a pinion 2 is rotatably mounted in two bearings 3 and 4.
  • the pinion carries at one end a steering spindle connection 5 for connection to a steering element, for example a steering spindle (not shown) with a steering handwheel.
  • the pinion 2 is in meshing engagement with a toothed rack 6, which is guided axially displaceably in the steering housing 1.
  • the rack 6 emerges from the steering housing 1 through openings 7 and 8.
  • the two openings 7 and 8 are closed by bellows 10 and 11.
  • the bellows 10 and 11 are connected on the one hand to the steering housing 1 and on the other hand to the rack 6 or to tie rods 12 connected to the rack 6.
  • the end part 13 - only this end part is shown in FIG. 2, the other end part is designed accordingly - consists of an essentially cylindrical end of the actual bellows, onto which a short piece of hose 15 is made a shrinkable material, in particular plastic, is attached before the bellows 10 is installed.
  • a shrinkable material in particular plastic
  • the shrinking of the end parts 13 and 14 of the bellows 10 and 11 is advantageously carried out by local, partial heating, for example with hot air or with an inductor adapted to the shape of the bellows. This enables a fully automated assembly and fastening of the bellows to the steering gear.
  • the invention has so far been described in detail using the example of a rack and pinion steering system with a side drive, ie in a rack and pinion steering system in which tie rods are attached to the ends of the rack for transmitting the movement of the rack to the steering linkage of the motor vehicle.
  • the invention can also be applied to a Use rack and pinion steering with center drive.
  • bolts are attached to the side of the rack, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof, and protrude from the steering housing through a lateral opening in the form of a longitudinal slot.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

In a rack and pinion steering gear, designed especially for motor vehicles, there is a pinion (2) engaging with a rack (6) in a steering box (1). At the ends of the steering box (1) there are apertures (7, 8) through which the rack (6) can project from the steering box (1). The apertures (7, 8) are covered by bellows (10, 11) which are secured to the box (1) and to a track rod (12) by shrinking the end sections (13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11). For this purpose the end sections (13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11) are made of a shrinkable material, especially plastic. The end sections (13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11) are shrunk by local heating.

Description

Zahnstangenlenkσetriebe, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Rack and pinion steering gear, in particular for motor vehicles
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zahnstangenlenkung, ins- besondere für Kraftfahrzeuge, nach dem Oberbegriff desThe invention relates to rack and pinion steering, in particular for motor vehicles, according to the preamble of
Anspruchs 1. Bei einer derartigen Zahnstangenlenkung ist in einem Lenkgehäuse ein Ritzel drehbar gelagert. Eine Zahnstange ist in dem Lenkgehäuse axial verschiebbar geführt und wird durch ein federbelastetes Druckstück in Eingriff mit dem Ritzel gehalten. An dem Lenkgehäuse ist wenigstens eine Öff¬ nung gebildet, durch die bewegliche Teile austreten. Zu den beweglichen Teilen kann die Zahnstange oder eine mit der Zahnstange verbundene Spurstange zählen oder auch Bauelemente, die zu einem Mittenabtrieb gehören. Zum Verschließen derar- tiger Öffnungen ist ein Faltenbalg einerseits an dem Lenkge¬ häuse und andererseits an einem der beweglichen Teile be¬ festigt.Claim 1. In such a rack and pinion steering, a pinion is rotatably mounted in a steering housing. A rack is axially displaceably guided in the steering housing and is held in engagement with the pinion by a spring-loaded pressure piece. At least one opening through which movable parts emerge is formed on the steering housing. The moving parts can include the toothed rack or a tie rod connected to the toothed rack, or components that belong to a center drive. To close such openings, a bellows is fastened on the one hand to the steering housing and on the other hand to one of the movable parts.
Eine derartige Zahnstangenlenkung ist bekannt aus der DE-Al 32 48 001. Bei dieser bekannten Zahnstangenlenkung wird der Faltenbalg durch einen Clip oder durch ein rohrschellen¬ artiges Bauteil aus Kunststoff oder Metall befestigt. Eine derartige Montage muß in Handarbeit erfolgen und läßt sich nicht automatisieren.Such a rack and pinion steering is known from DE-Al 32 48 001. In this known rack and pinion steering, the bellows is fastened by a clip or by a pipe clamp-like component made of plastic or metal. Such assembly must be done by hand and can not be automated.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Zahn¬ stangenlenkung im Bereich der Faltenbalgbefestigung derart auszugestalten, daß eine automatische Montage der Faltenbälge an der Zahnstangenlenkung möglich wird. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 gekenn¬ zeichnete Zahnstangenlenkung gelöst. Die Lösung erfolgt insbesondere dadurch, daß die Befestigung des Faltenbalges durch Schrumpfen eines Endteiles des Faltenbalges er- folgt.The invention is based on the object of designing the rack and pinion steering in the area of the bellows fastening in such a way that automatic mounting of the bellows on the rack and pinion steering is possible. This object is achieved by the rack and pinion steering characterized in claim 1. The solution is achieved in particular in that the bellows are attached by shrinking an end part of the bellows.
Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Die Erfin¬ dung ist nicht auf die Merkmalskombinationen der Ansprüche beschränkt. Für den Fachmann ergeben sich weitere sinnvolle Kombinationsmöglichkeiten von Ansprüchen und einzelnen Anspruchsmerkmalen aus der Aufgabenstellung.Advantageous and expedient refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims. The invention is not restricted to the combinations of features of the claims. For the specialist, there are further useful combinations of claims and individual claim characteristics from the task.
Besonders einfach ist die Montage des Faltenbalges an der Zahnstangenlenkung dann, wenn die Endteile des Faltenbalges aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, insbesondere aus Kunststoff, bestehen. Dann ist außer dem Faltenbalg kein weiteres Bauteil mehr erforderlich. Für den Fall, daß darauf Wert gelegt wird, daß der Faltenbalg aus einem einheitlichen, elastischen Mate- rial besteht, ist es zweckmäßig, auf die im wesentlichen zylindrischen Enden des Faltenbalges jeweils ein kurzes Schlauchstück aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, insbesondere aus Kunststoff, vor der Montage des Faltenbalges aufzustecken. Das Schrumpfen der Endteile des Faltenbalges erfolgt zweck- mäßigerweise durch lokale, partielle Erwärmung. Dazu kann beispielsweise Heißluft oder ein Induktor verwendet werden.The installation of the bellows on the rack and pinion steering is particularly simple when the end parts of the bellows consist of a shrinkable material, in particular of plastic. Then no other component is required apart from the bellows. If it is important that the bellows consist of a uniform, elastic material, it is expedient to place a short piece of tubing made of a shrinkable material, in particular plastic, on the essentially cylindrical ends of the bellows Assemble the bellows. The end parts of the bellows are advantageously shrunk by local, partial heating. For example, hot air or an inductor can be used.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand zweier in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Zahnstangenlenkung nach einem ersten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiel und1 shows a longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to the invention according to a first exemplary embodiment and
Fig. 2 einen Teil-Längsschnitt durch die Zahnstangen¬ lenkung nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section through the rack and pinion steering according to a second embodiment.
In einem Lenkgehäuse 1 ist ein Ritzel 2 in zwei Lagern 3 und 4 drehbar gelagert. Das Ritzel trägt an seinem einen Ende einen Lenkspindelanschluß 5 für den Anschluß an ein Lenkorgan, beispielsweise eine nicht dargestellte Lenkspindel mit einem Lenkhandrad. Das Ritzel 2 steht über seine Verzahnung in Ein- griff mit einer Zahnstange 6, die in dem Lenkgehäuse 1 axial verschiebbar geführt ist.In a steering housing 1, a pinion 2 is rotatably mounted in two bearings 3 and 4. The pinion carries at one end a steering spindle connection 5 for connection to a steering element, for example a steering spindle (not shown) with a steering handwheel. The pinion 2 is in meshing engagement with a toothed rack 6, which is guided axially displaceably in the steering housing 1.
An den Enden des Lenkgehäuses 1 tritt die Zahnstange 6 durch Öffnungen 7 und 8 aus dem Lenkgehäuse 1 aus. Um zu verhindern, daß durch die Öffnungen 7 und 8 Verunreinigungen in das Lenkgehäuse 1 eindringen und daß in dem Lenkgehäuse 1 vorhandenes Schmierfett aus dem Lenkgetriebe austritt, sind die beiden Öffnungen 7 und 8 durch Faltenbälge 10 und 11 verschlossen. Die Faltenbälge 10 und 11 sind dazu einerseits an dem Lenkgehäuse 1 und andererseits an der Zahnstange 6 bzw. an mit der Zahnstange 6 verbundenen Spurstangen 12 verbunden.At the ends of the steering housing 1, the rack 6 emerges from the steering housing 1 through openings 7 and 8. In order to prevent impurities from entering the steering housing 1 through the openings 7 and 8 and that grease present in the steering housing 1 escapes from the steering gear, the two openings 7 and 8 are closed by bellows 10 and 11. For this purpose, the bellows 10 and 11 are connected on the one hand to the steering housing 1 and on the other hand to the rack 6 or to tie rods 12 connected to the rack 6.
Im Gegensatz zu bisher bekannten Zahnstangenlenkungen, bei denen bei der Montage der Faltenbälge jeweils ein zu¬ sätzliches Teil zur Befestigung der Faltenbälge an dem Lenk¬ gehäuse zugeführt werden mußte, erfolgt die Befestigung bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zahnstangenlenkung dadurch, daß ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Endteil 13, 14 des Faltenbalges 10 11 auf das Lenkgehäuse 1 bzw. die SpurStange 12 aufge¬ schrumpft wird. Dazu besteht das Endteil 13, 14, das in dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 mit dem Faltenbalg 10, 11 einteilig ausgebildet ist, aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, insbesondere aus Kunststoff.In contrast to previously known rack and pinion steering systems, in which an additional part for fastening the bellows to the steering housing had to be supplied each time the bellows were installed, they are attached to the rack and pinion steering according to the invention in that an essentially cylindrical end part 13, 14 of the bellows 10 11 is shrunk onto the steering housing 1 or the track rod 12. For this purpose, the end part 13, 14, which is formed in one piece with the bellows 10, 11 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, consists of a shrinkable material, in particular of plastic.
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 besteht das End- teil 13 - nur dieses Endteil ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt, das andere Endteil ist entsprechend ausgeführt - aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Ende des eigentlichen Falten¬ balges, auf das ein kurzes Schlauchstück 15 aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, insbesondere aus Kunststoff, vor der Montage des Faltenbalges 10 aufgesteckt ist. Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel muß also bei der Montage und der Be¬ festigung des Faltenbalges 10 an dem Lenkgehäuse 1 kein zusätzliches Befestigungselement zugeführt werden.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the end part 13 - only this end part is shown in FIG. 2, the other end part is designed accordingly - consists of an essentially cylindrical end of the actual bellows, onto which a short piece of hose 15 is made a shrinkable material, in particular plastic, is attached before the bellows 10 is installed. In this exemplary embodiment, too, no additional fastening element has to be supplied during the assembly and the fastening of the bellows 10 on the steering housing 1.
Das Schrumpfen der Endteile 13 und 14 der Falten¬ bälge 10 und 11 erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise durch lokale, partielle Erwärmung, beispielsweise mit Heißluft oder mit einem entsprechend der Form des Faltenbalges angepaßten Induktor. Dadurch ist eine voll automatisierbare Montage und Befestigung der Faltenbälge an dem Lenkgetriebe möglich.The shrinking of the end parts 13 and 14 of the bellows 10 and 11 is advantageously carried out by local, partial heating, for example with hot air or with an inductor adapted to the shape of the bellows. This enables a fully automated assembly and fastening of the bellows to the steering gear.
Die Erfindung ist bisher ausführlich am Beispiel einer Zahnstangenlenkung mit Seitenabtrieb beschrieben, d. h. bei einer Zahnstangenlenkung, bei der an den Enden der Zahnstange Spurstangen angebracht sind zur Übertragung der Bewegung der Zahnstange auf das Lenkgestänge des Kraftfahrzeugs. Mit den gleichen Vorteilen läßt sich die Erfindung auch auf eine Zahnstangenlenkung mit Mittenabtrieb anwenden. Bei einer solchen Lenkung sind seitlich an der Zahnstange, senkrecht zu deren Längsachse, Bolzen angebracht, die durch eine seitliche Öffnung in der Form eines Längsschlitzes aus dem Lenkgehäuse herausragen. The invention has so far been described in detail using the example of a rack and pinion steering system with a side drive, ie in a rack and pinion steering system in which tie rods are attached to the ends of the rack for transmitting the movement of the rack to the steering linkage of the motor vehicle. With the same advantages, the invention can also be applied to a Use rack and pinion steering with center drive. In such a steering, bolts are attached to the side of the rack, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof, and protrude from the steering housing through a lateral opening in the form of a longitudinal slot.
BezuσszeichenReference sign
1 Lenkgehäuse1 steering housing
2 Ritzel2 sprockets
3 Lager3 bearings
4 Lager4 bearings
5 Lenkspindelanschluß5 steering spindle connection
6 Zahnstange6 rack
7 Öffnung7 opening
8 Öffnung8 opening
9 -9 -
10 Faltenbalg10 bellows
11 Faltenbalg11 bellows
12 Spurstange12 tie rod
13 Endteil13 end part
14 Endteil14 end part
15 Schlauchstück 15 piece of hose

Claims

A n s p r ü c h e Expectations
1. Zahnstangenlenkung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit folgenden Merkmalen: in einem Lenkgehäuse (1) ist ein Ritzel (2) drehbar gelagert; das Ritzel (2) steht mit einer in dem Lenkgehäuse (1) axial verschiebbar geführten Zahnstange (6) in Eingriff; - zum Verschließen einer Öffnung (7, 8), die im Zusammen¬ hang mit beweglichen, aus dem Lenkgehäuse (1) heraus¬ ragenden Teilen, insbesondere der Zahnstange (6) oder einer mit der Zahnstange (6) verbundenen Spurstange (12) gebildet ist, ist ein Faltenbalg (10, 11) einerseits an dem Lenkgehäuse (1) und andererseits an einem der be¬ weglichen Teile befestigt, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Befesti¬ gung des Faltenbalges (10, 11) durch Schrumpfen eines End¬ teiles (13, 14) des Faltenbalges (10, 11) erfolgt.1. rack and pinion steering, in particular for motor vehicles, with the following features: in a steering housing (1) a pinion (2) is rotatably mounted; the pinion (2) is in engagement with a toothed rack (6) which is axially displaceably guided in the steering housing (1); - For closing an opening (7, 8) which is formed in connection with movable parts projecting from the steering housing (1), in particular the rack (6) or a tie rod (12) connected to the rack (6) is a bellows (10, 11) on the one hand to the steering housing (1) and on the other hand to one of the movable parts, characterized in that the fastening of the bellows (10, 11) by shrinking an end part ( 13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11).
2. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Endteile (13, 14) des Faltenbalges (10, 11) aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, ins¬ besondere Kunststoff, bestehen.2. Rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, characterized in that the end parts (13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11) consist of a shrinkable material, in particular plastic.
3. Zahnstangenlenkung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß auf die im wesentlichen zylindrischen Enden des Faltenbalges (10, 11) jeweils ein kurzes Schlauchstück (15) aus einem schrumpfbaren Material, insbesondere aus Kunststoff, vor der Montage des Falten¬ balges (10, 11) aufgesteckt ist. 3. rack and pinion steering according to claim 1, characterized ge ¬ indicates that on the substantially cylindrical ends of the bellows (10, 11) each have a short piece of hose (15) made of a shrinkable material, in particular plastic, before installing the bellows ( 10, 11) is attached.
4. Zahnstangenlenkung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Schrumpfen der Endteile (13, 14) des Faltenbalges (10, 11) durch lokale, partielle Erwärmung erfolgt. 4. Rack and pinion steering according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the end parts (13, 14) of the bellows (10, 11) are shrunk by local, partial heating.
PCT/EP1994/000734 1993-03-12 1994-03-09 Rack and pinion steering gear, especially for motor vehicles WO1994020352A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934307885 DE4307885A1 (en) 1993-03-12 1993-03-12 Rack and pinion steering gear, in particular for motor vehicles
DEP4307885.0 1993-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994020352A1 true WO1994020352A1 (en) 1994-09-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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WO (1) WO1994020352A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59151668A (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-30 Kinugawa Rubber Ind Co Ltd Flexible boot
GB2136514A (en) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-19 Trw Ehrenreich Gmbh Arrangement for securing bellows on a cylindrical body
DE3603119A1 (en) * 1986-02-01 1987-08-06 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Fastening of bellows by means of a shrunk-on plastic ring
EP0327347A2 (en) * 1988-02-04 1989-08-09 Adwest Engineering Limited Bellows or gaiter seal for a rack and pinion steering mechanism

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59151668A (en) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-30 Kinugawa Rubber Ind Co Ltd Flexible boot
GB2136514A (en) * 1983-03-05 1984-09-19 Trw Ehrenreich Gmbh Arrangement for securing bellows on a cylindrical body
DE3603119A1 (en) * 1986-02-01 1987-08-06 Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh Fastening of bellows by means of a shrunk-on plastic ring
EP0327347A2 (en) * 1988-02-04 1989-08-09 Adwest Engineering Limited Bellows or gaiter seal for a rack and pinion steering mechanism

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 284 (M - 348) 26 December 1984 (1984-12-26) *

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