WO1994011697A1 - Materiau pour munitions de chasse et procede de production dudit materiau - Google Patents

Materiau pour munitions de chasse et procede de production dudit materiau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994011697A1
WO1994011697A1 PCT/SE1993/000950 SE9300950W WO9411697A1 WO 1994011697 A1 WO1994011697 A1 WO 1994011697A1 SE 9300950 W SE9300950 W SE 9300950W WO 9411697 A1 WO9411697 A1 WO 9411697A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ammunition
density
powder
zinc
lead
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1993/000950
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leif Persson
Original Assignee
Leif Persson
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leif Persson filed Critical Leif Persson
Priority to AU54393/94A priority Critical patent/AU5439394A/en
Publication of WO1994011697A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994011697A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/04—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile of pellet type
    • F42B7/046—Pellets or shot therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hunting ammunition material. Hunting ammunition is normally produced from lead, which applies both to ball ammunition and to so- called BB-shot or pellet ammunition.
  • lead particularly lead shot or pellets
  • the use of lead, particularly lead shot or pellets, for hunting purposes is highly disadvantageous from an environmental aspect.
  • About 700 tonnes of lead is scattered annually in this way over the countryside in Sweden alone, of which about 125 tonnes derives from shooting and hunting.
  • About 20 tonnes of lead shot is scattered in conjunction with bird shooting expedi ⁇ tions, this shot falling in places where the birds are liable to ingest the shot when scavenging for food, e.g. over wet-lands.
  • BB lead shot to shoot birds is that the shot is scattered in a manner which results in some of the shot being eaten by the birds and causing lead poisoning. Naturally, this can lead to the death of certain birds. Moreover, people who, in turn, eat birds which have eaten lead shot will also ingest a certain amount of lead.
  • lead ammunition has very good ballistic properties and also high energetic proper- ties, in other words lead shot produces a satisfacto ⁇ rily high energy impulse when striking the target. These properties are allied to a great extent with the specific gravity of lead, i.e. its density. It would also seem that those weapons used for hunting purposes are designed and dimensioned for use with lead ammunition.
  • Iron ammunition in the form of iron shot is available commercially.
  • the density of iron, however, is too low to provide the same good properties as lead, and consequently iron shot has a limited use.
  • the present invention proposes a material which can be used as a substitute for lead in shot ammunition and also in ball ammunition.
  • the present invention relates to material for hunting ammunition and is characterized in that the ammunition material includes at least one of the materials tungsten carbide (WC) or ferrotungsten (FeW) in powder form, and a material of low melting point which functions to bind the powder material into a coherent body; in that the powder material and the binder material is present in the ammunition material in such mutual proportions that the ammunition materi ⁇ al has a density corresponding to or in the same order of magnitude as the density of lead.
  • WC tungsten carbide
  • FeW ferrotungsten
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufactur ⁇ ing such a material, this method mainly comprising the features set forth in Claim 6.
  • the present invention thus relates to a material for the manufacture of hunting ammunition.
  • the ammunition material comprises at least one of the materials tungsten carbide (WC) or ferrotungsten (FeW) in powder form, and a material of low melting point which func ⁇ tions to bind the powder material to form a coherent body.
  • the powder material and the binder material is present in the ammunition material in mutual proportions such that the ammunition material will have a density which corresponds to or is of the same order of magnitude as the density of lead.
  • the ammunition material has a density which corresponds to or is in the same order of magnitude as the density of lead, the ammunition will possess the same or corresponding ballistic and energetic proper ⁇ ties as lead ammunition.
  • the binder material is comprised of at least one of the materials zinc (Zn) , tin (Sn) or aluminum (Al) , which function as a sintering material.
  • These materi- als have a low melting point in comparison with ferro ⁇ tungsten (FeW) and tungsten carbide (WC) , therewith enabling a known sintering process to be readily employed.
  • the sintering material is preferably in powder form prior to the sintering process.
  • the binder material is a plastic material, preferably a polyester plastic.
  • the metallic powder material is mixed with the plastic material to obtain an homoge- nous mixture. The mixture is then placed in moulds in which individual shot or balls are shaped and the plastic material then allowed to cure.
  • Low density and high density ammunition is already known to the art.
  • both low density ammunition and high density ammunition can be pro ⁇ cuted.
  • the ammunition material of low or average density compri ⁇ - es tungsten carbide and zinc, preferably in about equal volumes.
  • WC has a density of 14.3 g/cm .
  • a mixture comprising 50 vol. % WC and 50 vol. % zinc (Zn) has a density of
  • the high-density ammunition material comprises ferrotung- sten and zinc, preferably with about 75 vol. % FeW and
  • This mixture has a density of 16.3
  • the invention also relates to a method of producing said ammunition.
  • the ammunition material is produced by mixing at least one of the materials tungsten carbide (WC) or ferrotungsten (FeW) in powder form with a material of low melting point, melting the material of low melting point and then causing said material to solidify so as to sinter together the powder material.
  • the powder material and the sintering material are present in such mutual proportions that the ammunition material will have a density which corresponds to or is of the same order of magnitude as the density of lead.
  • the sintering process can be effected by means of suitable, well-known methods, of which one is to place the mixture in moulds for producing individual shot or balls, and to heat the moulds to sintering temperature and then allowing the moulds to cool. Subsequent to the sintering process, the shot or balls may be subjected to deformation with the intention of increasing the compactness, i.e. increasing the density.
  • the mixture of powder material and sintering material is, instead, subjected to a high speed moulding process so that an adiabatic process will take place where the sintering material melts.
  • adiabatic process is meant that deformation takes place at such a high speed that the thermal energy generated in the proces-s of deformation cannot be lead away in time, but remains essentially in the material that is deformed.
  • the deformation energy must also be sufficiently high to melt the sintering material to the extent desired.
  • a process of this kind can be carried out by placing the mixture in a first, open mould half for producing individual shot or balls, and then bringing a second mould half at high speed into engagement with the first mould half.
  • the first mould half shall be filled to an extent such that a coherent body in the form of a single shot or a single ball will be formed when the mould halves meet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Matériau pour munitions qui comprend du carbure de tungstène (WC) et/ou du ferrotungstène (FeW) en poudre et un matériau à point de fusion bas dont la fonction est de lier le matériau en poudre en un corps cohérent. Le matériau en poudre et le matériau de liaison sont présents dans le matériau pour munitions dans des proportions telles que le matériau pour munitions possède une masse volumique qui correspond à celle du plomb ou est du même ordre de grandeur que cette dernière. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication dudit matériau pour munitions.
PCT/SE1993/000950 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Materiau pour munitions de chasse et procede de production dudit materiau WO1994011697A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU54393/94A AU5439394A (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Material for hunting ammunition, and a method for producing such material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9203336A SE506378C2 (sv) 1992-11-09 1992-11-09 Material för jaktammunition, jämte förfarande för tillverkning av ett dylikt material
SE9203336-4 1992-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994011697A1 true WO1994011697A1 (fr) 1994-05-26

Family

ID=20387746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1993/000950 WO1994011697A1 (fr) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Materiau pour munitions de chasse et procede de production dudit materiau

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5439394A (fr)
SE (1) SE506378C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994011697A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0689889A1 (fr) * 1994-06-13 1996-01-03 WILHELM BRENNEKE GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de production d'une balle de chasse à ogive creuse
WO1996001407A1 (fr) * 1994-07-06 1996-01-18 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Projectiles sans plomb ne nuisant pas a l'environnement et leur procede de fabrication
WO1996041113A1 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-19 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Projectiles a densite et repartition de masse modulables
EP0787277A1 (fr) * 1994-10-17 1997-08-06 Olin Corporation Projectile ferromagnetique
WO1997038282A1 (fr) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-16 Cesaroni Technology Inc. Balle sans plomb
WO1998059211A1 (fr) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 ERKKILÄ, Mikko, Matias Balles et leur procede de fabrication
US6174494B1 (en) 1993-07-06 2001-01-16 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Non-lead, environmentally safe projectiles and explosives containers
FR2822812A1 (fr) 2001-03-27 2002-10-04 Andre Reimbert Enceinte de stockage de matieres granulaires
US6551375B2 (en) 2001-03-06 2003-04-22 Kennametal Inc. Ammunition using non-toxic metals and binders
US6640724B1 (en) 1999-08-04 2003-11-04 Olin Corporation Slug for industrial ballistic tool
US6892647B1 (en) 1997-08-08 2005-05-17 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Lead free powdered metal projectiles
US7607394B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2009-10-27 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Lead-free projectiles

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB697172A (en) * 1950-06-17 1953-09-16 Birmingham Small Arms Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to armour-piercing cores for projectiles
GB2200976A (en) * 1983-11-04 1988-08-17 Wimet Ltd Shotgun pellets
US4881465A (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-11-21 Hooper Robert C Non-toxic shot pellets for shotguns and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB697172A (en) * 1950-06-17 1953-09-16 Birmingham Small Arms Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to armour-piercing cores for projectiles
GB2200976A (en) * 1983-11-04 1988-08-17 Wimet Ltd Shotgun pellets
US4881465A (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-11-21 Hooper Robert C Non-toxic shot pellets for shotguns and method

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6174494B1 (en) 1993-07-06 2001-01-16 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Non-lead, environmentally safe projectiles and explosives containers
EP0689889A1 (fr) * 1994-06-13 1996-01-03 WILHELM BRENNEKE GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de production d'une balle de chasse à ogive creuse
US6149705A (en) * 1994-07-06 2000-11-21 Ut-Battelle, Llc Non-lead, environmentally safe projectiles and method of making same
WO1996001407A1 (fr) * 1994-07-06 1996-01-18 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Projectiles sans plomb ne nuisant pas a l'environnement et leur procede de fabrication
US5760331A (en) * 1994-07-06 1998-06-02 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corp. Non-lead, environmentally safe projectiles and method of making same
EP0787277A1 (fr) * 1994-10-17 1997-08-06 Olin Corporation Projectile ferromagnetique
EP0787277A4 (fr) * 1994-10-17 1998-05-06 Olin Corp Projectile ferromagnetique
WO1996041113A1 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-19 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Projectiles a densite et repartition de masse modulables
WO1997038282A1 (fr) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-16 Cesaroni Technology Inc. Balle sans plomb
WO1998059211A1 (fr) * 1997-06-23 1998-12-30 ERKKILÄ, Mikko, Matias Balles et leur procede de fabrication
US6892647B1 (en) 1997-08-08 2005-05-17 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Lead free powdered metal projectiles
US6640724B1 (en) 1999-08-04 2003-11-04 Olin Corporation Slug for industrial ballistic tool
US7159519B2 (en) 1999-08-04 2007-01-09 Olin Corporation Slug for industrial ballistic tool
US7328658B2 (en) 1999-08-04 2008-02-12 Olin Corporation Slug for industrial ballistic tool
US7891299B2 (en) 1999-08-04 2011-02-22 Olin Corporation Slug for industrial ballistic tool
US6551375B2 (en) 2001-03-06 2003-04-22 Kennametal Inc. Ammunition using non-toxic metals and binders
FR2822812A1 (fr) 2001-03-27 2002-10-04 Andre Reimbert Enceinte de stockage de matieres granulaires
US7607394B2 (en) 2001-04-24 2009-10-27 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Lead-free projectiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE506378C2 (sv) 1997-12-08
SE9203336D0 (sv) 1992-11-09
AU5439394A (en) 1994-06-08
SE9203336L (sv) 1994-05-10

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