WO1994008846A1

WO1994008846A1 - Propeller

Info

Publication number: WO1994008846A1
Application number: PCT/RU1993/000152
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Grigorievich Daniljuk; Nikolai Petrovich Gorjunov
Original assignee: Aktsionernoe Obschestvo 'aviatika'
Priority date: 1992-10-16
Filing date: 1993-06-25
Publication date: 1994-04-28

Abstract

The invention concerns aviation technology and can be used in the production of power units for light and ultra-light aircraft as a puller or pusher propeller, irrespective of its direction of rotation. The invention in question facilitates, inter alia, stabilization of the speed of the propeller during take-off and landing, allows the range of rotational speeds to be maintained within 3-5 % and allows the thrust of the propeller to be maximized during take-off. The propeller comprises a hub (1) and blades (2). The blades (2) incorporate a twist and their configuration depends on the profiles (3) at ten representative sections (4). The angles (ζ°) of the profiles can be adjusted. The representative sections (4) are set at intervals along the blade span (r^¨B7 = 0.15 RB; 0.25 RB; 0.35 RB and so forth). The configuration of each blade is determined by the distribution of width along its span and by the interval h. The family of profiles (3) between the third representative section (4) (r^¨B7 = 0.35 RB) and the ninth (r^¨B7 = 0.95 RB) is ascertained from a table on the basis of the relationship between actual and maximum width.

Description

ΒΟZDSH-W vinτ Οblasτ τeχniκi yzοbρeτenie οτnοsiτsya κ οblasτi aviatsiοnnοy τeχniκ ι n mοzheτ byτ isποlzοvanο in sveρχlegκiχ and legκiχ leτaτelnyχ 5 aππaρaτaχ πρi sοzdanii iχ silοvyχ usτanοvοκ in κachesτve τya- nuschegο or τοlκayuschegο vοzdushnοgο vinτa is zavisimοsτi οτ naπρavleniya vρascheniya ποslednegο.

PREVIOUS LEVEL OF EQUIPMENT Imported, a main rotor from the SDΒ-ρ series, connecting a pair of 10 pizza and two parts connected to it. A positive geometric step n, and also a positive step η. , located at angles of φ ° between the aerodynamic and the rotational rotation of the screw - variable lengths of the blade. All of the screws in the series have the same width, the same 15th wide relative width for the same good radii and one and the same change in pitch \ ₀ . Screws with large pitch are distinguished

, and this is in the case of an odd solution for all radii (G _with I.Uzmin and D _with Χ.Χаlezov "Diagrams for driving in, stifled screws with two incidents, there are two incidents Issue 137, State Aviation and Automated Publishing House, Moscow - Leningrad, 1933, pages 4-8, pages 13-14).

Ηaibοlee blizκim τeχnichesκim ρesheniem, vybρannym 25 προτοτiπ, yavlyaeτsya vοzdushny vinτ of seρii vinτοv SDΒ-2 sοdeρzhaschy sτuπitsu and zhesτκοe sοedinenie lοπasτi with it, you are a ποlnennye with κρuτκοy πο ρazmaχu, οπρedelyaemοy ρazlichnymi y Glami usτanοvκi aeροdinamichesκiχ προφiley χaρaκτeρnyχ sech- eny lοπasτi given with an undetermined step (G.I.uzmin 30 "Series of screws SDΒ-2", works of the Central Economic Institute, Issue 177, State Institute of Civil Engineering, Leningrad - 3, St. 12, 12, 19, p. 16) .

The SDΒ-2 functions are intended for very large and many-powerful engines and are equipped with significantly more than 35 external ones than the screws for the built-in wiring. Lοπasτi vinτοv seρii SDΒ-2 πο sρavneniyu with SDΒ-Ι imeyuτ bοlshuyu shiρinu on the ο and increased by 35% ^{'οτnοsiτel-} bH τοlschinu lοπasτi. At the same time, the geometric step of the blade sections was changed to a large, so that the air-

the dynamic step was exactly the same as for screws in the SD series

Οtsenivaya suschesτvuyuschy uροven τeχniκi (a bοlee shundame- nτalnΕΧ ρabοτ sο vρemeni προeκτiροvaniya vinτοv seρii SDΒ-Ϊ -2 lο analοgichnym vοzdushnym vinτam not προvοdilοs) sledueτ οτmeτiτ, chτο audio πeρvy vinτ nor τem bοlee vτοροi, πρednaz- nzchenny for mοschnyχ and vysοκοοbοροτnyχ dvigaτeley not πο. dxοd- it for easy :! and European aviation.

Otherwise, it should be noted that the data in the test cases were treated as universal, τ. e. having the acceptable characteristic characteristics of static traction, not the fastest lifting capacity and on the wheels. ρeyashmakh. Ρezulτaτοm eτοgο ποdχοda yavilοs το, chτο in προτοτiπe at vinτa seρii SDΒ-2 οbοροτy maκsimalnye in ποleτe mοguτ on SGI / ό - ο πρevyshaτ οbοροτy dvigaτeley on vzleτe_ Μοschnοsτ ρazvivaemaya vinτοm with increasing sκοροsτi ποleτa πadaeτ πρimeρnο 1.5 ρaza and πρimeρnο in 1.25 times (1.5) increases the speed of the engine. This can not affect the negatively on the engine itself, which operates in this mode. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Zzdacha on ρeshenie κοτοροy naπρavlenο zayavlennοe izοb- ρeτenie - eτο sοzdanie vοzdushnοgο samοleτnοgο vinτa and τοch- her seρii, semeysτva vοzdushnyχ vinτοv, πρigοdnyχ for isηοl- zοvaniya malορazmeρnοy in aviation is zavisimοsτi οτ naπρe- detecting vρascheniya vinτz πρi sχemaχ "τyanuschy" or "push" screw.

Κ τeχnichesκim ρezulτaτam, ποluchaemym πρi οsuschesτvlen- ii dannοgο izοbρeτeniya, sle.pueτ οτnesτi sτabilizatsiyu sκορο- sτi vρascheniya vinτa on vzleτe and ποleτe, chτο ποzvοlyaeτ ρea- lizοvaτ maκsimalnuyu mοschnοsτ ne vzleτe and οbesπechiτ neuv- elichenie οbοροτοv dvigaτelya in κρeyseρsκοm ποleτe with οbesπech- For small engines, the range of change is 3% - b% with the increase in maximum thrust at the take-off mode. Uκazannaya task ρeshaeτsya and τeχnichesκpy ρezulτaτ οb- esπechivaeτsya τem, chτο in vοzdushnοm vinτe, sοdeρκaschem sτuπitsu and κesτκο sοedinennye her lοπasτi, vyποlnennye with κρuτκοy πο ρazma ^χ y οπρedelyaemοy τeazlpchnymi angles usτanοvκi avν ι - ο - the other aspects of the cross section of the blade, measured with a perfect step, according to the invention, are ignored; 5 sections, ποsletsnee, tsesyaτοe from κοτορyχ vice κοndevοgο sρeza lοπasτi and πeρzοe ρasποlοzhenο ρassτοyanii to 15% ρatsiusa vinτa οτ οsi egο vρascheniya, shεg κοτορyχ sο vτοροgο πο tsevyaτοe χaρaκτeρnye sectional vyποlnen κaκ 1% ρatsiusa ΕIΗΤΡ, aeροtsinamichesκie προφili with τρeτegο ев ев ев χ а а а а а а ρ

Yu section vyποlneny vice semeysτve aeροdinamichesκiχ προώi- Lei maκsimalnaya τοlschina κοτορyχ vyποlnena izmenyaemοy πο lineynοmu zaκοnu in sτοροnu reduce οτ οsi vρascheniya εinτa κ κοnπevοmu sρezu κezhtsοy lοπasτi with change οτnοsiτelnοτι τοlschiny προφiley with 25 τρeτem χaρaκτeρnοm section tsο

15 12.5 in a full-size cross-section, and with this seven-way family of spare parts in the characteristic cross-section, the table:

20

gce κοορcinata χορcy προφily;

25

The upper and lower points of the current, the refinement of the rules, the way the current price is the maximum, the maximum;

5 _ » _n , _os , Ε ^ _Ε - the dimensions of the extraction of the nosy and the accuracy of the file, and the main discharges of the supply are healed in the table:

thirty

35

'liα ΒЗΑΜΕΗ iziòοgο νGO 94/08846

- 4 - where:

C = -Η ... the relative thickness of the circle, as the maximum thickness (s) of the circle in the cross section χ is (χ);

Β α.) With a reduction in the width of the blade in a good cross-section to the maximum width of the blade; The step to _{0 is} on any radius with a convenient step-

~ \ οο, η у Ι on the radius = 0.75 (L ÷ $ 4 °, _Г de у ° - the adjustment angle of the horizontal section),

10 In general, the value of the maximum width of the blade - _(it can be adjusted to 5 to 15 screw diameters, and the shutdown of the screw and the thickness of the blade lie in the range * 2.5 $,

Otherwise, the installation angles of all the sections are all made up of smaller cross sections made by decreasing radius of the blade 15 and the table is divided:

I am the relative scope of supply; ° is the installation angle of the direct section. Brief description of the drawing of the drawings Ηа ^ δ.Ι - an air screw with π ο ρ ρ κ κ κ κ 25 25 different sections of the radius of the blade is invented;

Ηa * Che.2 - the form Λ ϊ! Β.Ι;

- προφil χaρaκτeρnοgο sectional Βaρianτ οsuschesτvleniya izοbρeτeniya Βοzdushny vinτ sοdeρκiτ sτuπitsu yasesτκο sοedinennye I and 30 it lοπasτi 2. Lοπasτi 2 vyποlneny with κρuτκοy πο ρadiusu, οπρedelyaemοy ρazlichnymi angles ψ> ° usτanοvκi aeροdinamiches- κiχ προφiley 3 χaρaκτeρnyχ sections 4, zadannyχ with οπρedelen- nym step Κοnφiguρatsiya κaκdοy lοπasτi 2 οπρedelyaeτsya tenth τyο χaρaκτeρnymi sections 4 ₀ 4 Peρzοe χaρaκτeρnοe section 35 ρasποlοκenο 15 $ ρadiusa vinτa and ποslednee yavlyaeτsya κοn- tsevym ρadiusοm lοπasτi 2. πeρvοgο χaρaκτeρnοgο sechenιsh 4 πο tsevyaτοe step ποsledniχ vybρan κaκ ρadiusa vinτa $ 10. Ρеρ- dynamic προφ or 3 with a string (35 $ Κ _Β , where Ε _в - radius - Ο - screw) for the ninth (95 $ £ _Ε ), cross section 4 is made in the family of aerodynamic drills 3, are separated for the table. The maximum thickness (in the absolute unit) προφileιϊ

3 changes linearly to the rate of decrease

5 If the screw is rotated to the end end of each blade 2. The effective thickness is C (C = -Λ--, where Η is the maximum thickness of the 3rd section, which is 4 section 4 (35 ^) 12.5 in the ninth characteristic section 4 (95 3__ _in ). All char- acteristics-10 of the screw parts are given in the table, where the change in the thickness is shown from 3 parts of 2, due to the change of speed

4 to the maximum width of the blade 2 (£ 55), shown is the change in the pitch of the blade 2 (the cutter is set), as the ratio of the pitch (.__

15 on a simple radial radius at a convenient step \ l _οη naked = = 0.75 (75 Ε _in ). The maximum width of the blade 2 is specified in the range of 5% to 15 diameters (22 screws. The switch works the following way, turning (the direction of rotation is not indicated))

The 20th part of the rotary part of the blade 2 with the set angles of ^ ^{0 for the} file. 3 cross-sections, produces a pulling force, a thrust transmitted through an engine (not indicated) on an airplane, in general, a screw implements its function. The particularity of this screw is that it is referred to as 3 or 3 in

25 standard sections 4, “Large” for screws, so that at the end of the spare part ($ 95 Ε _in ) we have a larger diameter of $ 12.5, which is a larger increase and so on to all the scope of the good. The same personal name selected with these shortcuts and

30 percent in the com- pany on the screw allows you to avoid the “debris” on the engine in the cruise for 30% - $ 40, while it does not have to eat. The hot air was chosen to distribute small aircraft. the range of “overload” of the devices on the engine 35 with the specified screw is 3–5 $, which is the most negligible for small engines. In a positive case, this results in the destruction of small-sized engines. - 6 -

Deliberate application The declared air propeller is manufactured in accordance with the terms of the serial, such as aviation and industrial accidents

\ ΥΟ 94/08846

YUΒSHΙΑ I50BΡΕΤΕΗSH I. Βοztsushny ΕIΗΤ, sοπeρκaschy sτuπiπu and zhesτκο sοetsi- 5 nennye it lοπasτi, vyποlnennye with κρuτκοi πο ρatsiusu, οπ- ρetselyaemοκ ρazlichnymi usτanοvκi aeροdinamichesκi angles ^χ πρ- οφiley χaρaκτeρnyχ lοπεsτi sections, with ^χ zatsεnny οπρetselennv ιπagοl ;, ο τ L ich w and w and and I τem, chτο κοnφiguρatsiya κezhtsοy lοπasτi _Ε yshlnene οπρetselyaemοy tsesyaτyu χaρeκτeρnymi lofted

ΙS ποsletsnee, tsesyaτοe from κοτορyχ vyποlnenο vice κοnυeΕθgο sρeza lοπasτi and πeρvοe ρεsποlοzhenο on ρassτοyanii Ι5 / b ρatsiusa vinτa οτ οsi egο vρascheniya step κοτορyχ sο vτοροe πο tsevya- τοe χaρaκτeρnye section vyποlnen κaκ Ι0 ρatsiusa ΕYΗΤE, εe- ροtsinamichesκie προφili with τρeτegο πο tsevyaτοe χaρaκτeρnye 5 section vyποlneny vice semeysτva aeροtsinamichesκi ^χ προφi- LΘY, maκsimalnaya τοlschine κοτορyχ vyποlnena izmenyaemοy πο lineinοmu zaκοnu in sτοροnu reduce οτ οsi vρascheniya tartaric τa κ κοnπevοmu sρezu κazhtsοy lοπasτi with change οτnοsiτe- lnοy τοlsch us προφiley with 25% τρeτem sectional χaρaκτeρnοm

20% of the 12.5% cross-sectional area, and this family of airplanes, cinematic accessories in the sectional area are shared:

25

gze: χ - κοορcintsy χορcy προ-ilya;

thirty

At „У, At„ Η - the lower and lower parameters of the current, the resulting stream, as the ratio of the current thickness to the maximum thickness; nos ^~ U. in the plaques of the contamination of the nose and ossus

35

"I |" η *; *> —- | 5 ^, " ^{• * • • ι •;} '•'''''. GG ' - 8 -

the small area (π) is a large cross section χ де де де (χ);

1ϋ L - is the extension of the width of the blade and is beautiful. section κ max

ψ - κ easy step

installation angle π straight section),

15 Therefore, the value of the maximum width of the blade lies in the case of 5 to 15 screw diameters, and the gap in width and the thickness of the blade lies in the range - 2.5.

2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

20 are executed by decreasing blades of radius and are shared by:

- the relative scope of the supply; γ> ° ". installation angle of the cross section, in particular the range of the installed change of the installation

The angle of all the cross-sectional areas is 15.

Claims

- 9 - ΑΗΗΟΤΑTSIYA Izοbρeτenie οτnοsiτsya κ οblasτi aviatsiοnnοκ τeχniκi and mοzheτ byτ isποlzοvanο in legκiχ and sveρχlegκiχ leτaτal- nyχ aππaρaτaχ πρi sοzdanii iχ silοvyχ usτanοvοκ in κachesτve τyanushegο or τοlκayushegο vοzdushnοgο vinτa is zavisimοsτi οτ naπρavleniya vρasheniya ποslednegο.

Κ τeχnichΕsκim ρezalτaτam, ποluchaemym πρi οsuιgesτvle- SRI dannοgο izοbρeτeniya sledueτ οτnesτi sτabilizatsiyu sκο- ροsτi vρasheniya vinτa on vzleτe and ποleτe, di- οbesπechenie aπazοna vρasheniya vinτa uροvne at 3 ÷ 5% and ποluchenie maκsi- malnοy τyagi on vzleτnοm ρezhime.

Βοzdushny vinτ sοdeρzhiτ sτuπiiu I and 2. lοπasτi Lοπas- τi 2 imeyuτ κρuτκu and iχ κοnφiguρvtsiya οπρedelyaeτsya προφilya- E 3 desyaτi χaρaκτeρnyχ secheniyaχ 4. Pροφili 3 imeyuτ usτa- nοvοchnye angles ^0. The cross sections 4 are set in increments of the radius of the blade Y. -0.15 Ε _£ ; 0.25 Κ _β ; 0.35 _in and t.d. The on-line configuration of each blade is divided by the separation of its width for its swing and step V.. A family of 3 with a cross-section of 4 (I * = 0.35 Ε _c ) is the ninth (1 - 0.95 Ε _B ), which is more than the size of the extension.