WO1994006116A1 - A process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes - Google Patents

A process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994006116A1
WO1994006116A1 PCT/IT1992/000140 IT9200140W WO9406116A1 WO 1994006116 A1 WO1994006116 A1 WO 1994006116A1 IT 9200140 W IT9200140 W IT 9200140W WO 9406116 A1 WO9406116 A1 WO 9406116A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
code
process according
perforation
identification
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT1992/000140
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Elia Falivena
Original Assignee
Elia Falivena
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elia Falivena filed Critical Elia Falivena
Publication of WO1994006116A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994006116A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B23/00—Record carriers not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Accessories, e.g. containers, specially adapted for co-operation with the recording or reproducing apparatus ; Intermediate mediums; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for their manufacture
    • G11B23/28—Indicating or preventing prior or unauthorised use, e.g. cassettes with sealing or locking means, write-protect devices for discs
    • G11B23/283—Security features, e.g. digital codes
    • G11B23/284—Security features, e.g. digital codes on the record carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
    • G03C11/02—Marking or applying text
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00094—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which result in a restriction to authorised record carriers
    • G11B20/00123—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which result in a restriction to authorised record carriers the record carrier being identified by recognising some of its unique characteristics, e.g. a unique defect pattern serving as a physical signature of the record carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00586—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an original process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes.
  • the aim of the present invention to identify in succession, and with appropriate symbols, the phases and the technicians through which said films pass until the production of the videotapes, so as to allow the control of the production and to make any unauthorized reproduction impossible.
  • the first printing copy is provided that will be used for producing the copies for the distribution in the cinemas. If there are many copies to be realized, some negative duplicates will be produced from the master, which in turn will be used for printing further copies of the film.
  • This second process has the purpose of saving the original negative from eventual damages.
  • the perforation for the identification is performed when the cutting of the negative is ended: according to the present invention, a code will be applied onto a photogram of the film by means of dry transfers or of a transparent unalterable adhesive with a surface to write on.
  • sheets are used carrying a number of dry transfers with the same secret symbol, as it is important to produce a limited number of symbols and if there are too many, the exceeding ones should be destroyed.
  • the process is similar: onto the surface of he adhesive the predetermined symbol for that copy is printed, so that said copy has an identification that will be printed on every following copy.
  • the film could be damaged just in the point where the symbol is printed, and the photogram with the code would be discarded, or even a very skilled person could notice it with the intention of discarding it at the following illegal cutting. Therefore, according to the present invention, the same symbol will be applied in various points of the same film until each film has a sufficient number of code photograms.
  • the film protected by the perforation is ready for the copies and for the cinema.
  • the perforating process is provided only for the beginning.
  • an employee possibly a person different from the one that has been working on the negative, will apply in different points a second symbol, will prepare a document similar to the first one and will pass over to the perforation of a new copy of the film.
  • all copies of the film will leave the laboratory with two symbols, following to the inventive step to apply a new symbol each time a film passes from one person to the other.
  • the film is transformed into electric signals that are transferred onto a magnetic band of the required format.
  • a magnetic tape is prepared for the television and further it is used as a master for the copies for the homevideo market. And this is the same operation performed, without authorization, by that person that intends to illegally commercialize the film. Therefore, before and after the telecinema the film must be subject to further perforations.
  • the negative original or a copy thereof are brought to a different seat they should receive a perforation before the transfer; and in case of copying they should undergo the same operation immediately after.
  • the number of the codes on the film will allow, at the moment of control on an illegal magnetic tape, to get back to the responsible person that was acting on the film at the moment of the illegal action.
  • the perforation and control process ends when the film is firstly telecasted or when it is officially sold as videotape, but the process according to the present invention provides a further identification perforation for allowing eventual surprise controls.
  • a possible preferred code consists on four lines that trace the permeter of a square or of a rectangle, chosen in the orthogonal combination of ten parallel vertical lines, shown with the letters from A to L, with ten parallel horizontal lines, identified with the numbers from 0 to 9, which shall not be written onto the photogram but into the documents.
  • the cameramen will be able to calculate the exact position of the line taking for reference small portions present in those points where it is not perforated and that correspond to the absent lines.
  • the colour, the thickness, the kind of dotting and eventual symbols like circles and squares may be added to the base scheme.
  • some sequences shall be chosen on the film even before applying the symbol on the negative, and these sequences will be the same for each copy of the film where, on a limited area, on each copy a symbol will be applied.
  • These areas will be indicated on a further document that will contain also the "virgin” areas appropriate for the many perforations that will follow onto said fim, so that the research will not be deserved to the whole film, but to a limited area.
  • apparatuses may be used that may read the photogram with extreme clearness and allow a zooming in any point so as to read the symbol in detail. These sequences, however, shall not carry the parameters of further perforations.
  • the process according to the present invention provides the preventing presence onto the film of a series of codes being temporarily unactive, such to be directly recalled by each cameramen by means of a personalized code.

Abstract

The process according to the present invention provides the application of a symbol onto a film at each passage from a cameraman to the other, so that the control of the number of the codes onto the illegal magnetic tapes allows to get back the person responsible of the custody of the tape at the moment of the illegal action.

Description

DESCRIPTION "A PROCESS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF FILMS, MASTERS OF VIDEOTAPES"
The present invention concerns an original process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes.
It is already well known that the film and videotape market is strongly limited by the improper distribution of the most recent films being illegally reproduced and sold.
The electronic protection methods for said products seem to be inappropriate as it is known that a real parallel film and videotape market exists.
It is the aim of the present invention to identify in succession, and with appropriate symbols, the phases and the technicians through which said films pass until the production of the videotapes, so as to allow the control of the production and to make any unauthorized reproduction impossible. According to the process of the present invention, once the cutting of the negative film is ended, the first printing copy is provided that will be used for producing the copies for the distribution in the cinemas. If there are many copies to be realized, some negative duplicates will be produced from the master, which in turn will be used for printing further copies of the film. This second process has the purpose of saving the original negative from eventual damages.
The perforation for the identification is performed when the cutting of the negative is ended: according to the present invention, a code will be applied onto a photogram of the film by means of dry transfers or of a transparent unalterable adhesive with a surface to write on.
In said first case according to the present invention, sheets are used carrying a number of dry transfers with the same secret symbol, as it is important to produce a limited number of symbols and if there are too many, the exceeding ones should be destroyed.
In the second case according to the present invention, the process is similar: onto the surface of he adhesive the predetermined symbol for that copy is printed, so that said copy has an identification that will be printed on every following copy.
The film could be damaged just in the point where the symbol is printed, and the photogram with the code would be discarded, or even a very skilled person could notice it with the intention of discarding it at the following illegal cutting. Therefore, according to the present invention, the same symbol will be applied in various points of the same film until each film has a sufficient number of code photograms.
The code and a part of the points where the code photograms are placed will be registered in an extremely reserved document together with the date and the place where the perforation has been performed.
On the lateral band of the whole film an alphanumerical code will be traced so as to register the exact movements of the film without performing an internal reearch for the photogram with the identification symbol. Said code will be added, with the known methods, to the mentioned documents.
On a further document the other code photograms will be noted (the one of separating the documents is a further means for preventing that all necessary informations fall in the "wrong" hands). The symbols of the applied code shall never be made public.
Now the film protected by the perforation is ready for the copies and for the cinema. The perforating process is provided only for the beginning. As soon as the laboratory has printed the first copy, an employee, possibly a person different from the one that has been working on the negative, will apply in different points a second symbol, will prepare a document similar to the first one and will pass over to the perforation of a new copy of the film. According to the present invention, all copies of the film will leave the laboratory with two symbols, following to the inventive step to apply a new symbol each time a film passes from one person to the other. For example: if the original negative is transferred from the place of the first perforation to a storage and remains there under the responsibility of another person, before being used in the laboratory, it will be necessary to apply a second symbol. The same operation will have to be performed in case of copying on any other kind of source. In case of telecinema, e.g., the film is transformed into electric signals that are transferred onto a magnetic band of the required format. Usually, such a magnetic tape is prepared for the television and further it is used as a master for the copies for the homevideo market. And this is the same operation performed, without authorization, by that person that intends to illegally commercialize the film. Therefore, before and after the telecinema the film must be subject to further perforations.
According to the present invention, if the negative original or a copy thereof are brought to a different seat they should receive a perforation before the transfer; and in case of copying they should undergo the same operation immediately after.
It is obvious that, according to the present invention, the number of the codes on the film will allow, at the moment of control on an illegal magnetic tape, to get back to the responsible person that was acting on the film at the moment of the illegal action.
The perforation and control process ends when the film is firstly telecasted or when it is officially sold as videotape, but the process according to the present invention provides a further identification perforation for allowing eventual surprise controls.
In an exemplifying and not limiting variant according to the present invention a possible preferred code consists on four lines that trace the permeter of a square or of a rectangle, chosen in the orthogonal combination of ten parallel vertical lines, shown with the letters from A to L, with ten parallel horizontal lines, identified with the numbers from 0 to 9, which shall not be written onto the photogram but into the documents.
For facilitating the work when checking a videotape, the cameramen will be able to calculate the exact position of the line taking for reference small portions present in those points where it is not perforated and that correspond to the absent lines.
During the telecinema a part of the immage of the film will be discarded due to the different relationship base-height between the television and the cinema screen, and therefore it may be suggested to apply the code in the central part of the photogram so as to be sure that none of the vertical lines gets lost. The dimensions of the code are variable: from those occupying the whole central area of the photogram to those that must be applied with the help of a magnifying glass.
All possible variants, the colour, the thickness, the kind of dotting and eventual symbols like circles and squares may be added to the base scheme. For finding the code onto the magnetic tape, some sequences shall be chosen on the film even before applying the symbol on the negative, and these sequences will be the same for each copy of the film where, on a limited area, on each copy a symbol will be applied. These areas will be indicated on a further document that will contain also the "virgin" areas appropriate for the many perforations that will follow onto said fim, so that the research will not be deserved to the whole film, but to a limited area.
In an optimal variant, apparatuses may be used that may read the photogram with extreme clearness and allow a zooming in any point so as to read the symbol in detail. These sequences, however, shall not carry the parameters of further perforations.
In an operative variant inverse to all above mentioned, the process according to the present invention provides the preventing presence onto the film of a series of codes being temporarily unactive, such to be directly recalled by each cameramen by means of a personalized code.

Claims

1. A process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes, characterized in the application of a perforation, at each passage from one operator to the other, so that the control of the number of codes on the illegal magnetic tapes allows to get back to the person that was having the tape in custody at the moment of the illegal action.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in a further perforation consisting of four lines that indicate the perimeter of a square, predetermined in the orthogonal combination of ten vertical parallel lines, shown with letters from A to L, with ten horizontal lines shown with numbers from 0 to 9.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the code will be applied onto a photogram by means of appropriate dry transfers, detached from sheets to be destroyed at the end of the perforation.
4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in the application of the code by means of a transparent adhesive having a surface to write on, so as to have an identification that will be printed onto every following copy.
5. A process according to the preceeding claims , characterized in that the same symbol will be printed in various points of the film for guaranteeing a sufficient number of code photograms in each single film.
6. A process according to claim 1, characterized in the preventive presence on the film of a series of temporarily unactive codes such as to be recalled directly by each cameraman by means of a personalized code.
PCT/IT1992/000140 1992-09-04 1992-11-05 A process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes WO1994006116A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRM920641A IT1258475B (en) 1992-09-04 1992-09-04 PROCEDURE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF FILM FILMS, VIDEO CASSETTE MATRICES
ITRM92A000641 1992-09-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994006116A1 true WO1994006116A1 (en) 1994-03-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT1992/000140 WO1994006116A1 (en) 1992-09-04 1992-11-05 A process for the identification of films, masters of videotapes

Country Status (2)

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IT (1) IT1258475B (en)
WO (1) WO1994006116A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005048259A2 (en) * 2003-11-04 2005-05-26 Eastman Kodak Company Tracking an image-recording medium

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980002757A1 (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-11 H Winderlich Process for protecting sound recording carrier and the labels and/or packages thereof against counterfeiting
WO1982001273A1 (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-04-15 B Loefberg Method for processing an information signal and means for carrying out the method
BE898036A (en) * 1983-10-20 1984-04-20 Emond Gilles J M E Identifying code for cine film or video recordings - comprises coded modification in intensity to make illegal copying detectable
WO1985002293A1 (en) * 1983-11-21 1985-05-23 Haute Securite Video Hsv S.A. Antipiracy device and method for cinematographic and video carriers
DE3707608A1 (en) * 1987-03-10 1988-09-22 Hormann Franz Juergen Method of coding to prevent video and audio piracy
US5080479A (en) * 1990-07-30 1992-01-14 Rosenberg Stanley L Automatic implanting of identification data in any recorded medium

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980002757A1 (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-11 H Winderlich Process for protecting sound recording carrier and the labels and/or packages thereof against counterfeiting
WO1982001273A1 (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-04-15 B Loefberg Method for processing an information signal and means for carrying out the method
BE898036A (en) * 1983-10-20 1984-04-20 Emond Gilles J M E Identifying code for cine film or video recordings - comprises coded modification in intensity to make illegal copying detectable
WO1985002293A1 (en) * 1983-11-21 1985-05-23 Haute Securite Video Hsv S.A. Antipiracy device and method for cinematographic and video carriers
DE3707608A1 (en) * 1987-03-10 1988-09-22 Hormann Franz Juergen Method of coding to prevent video and audio piracy
US5080479A (en) * 1990-07-30 1992-01-14 Rosenberg Stanley L Automatic implanting of identification data in any recorded medium

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FERNSEH UND KINO TECHNIK vol. 42, no. 7, 1988, BERLIN DE pages 320 - 322 BOLEWSKI 'Codierverfahren gegen Audio-Video-Piraterie' *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005048259A2 (en) * 2003-11-04 2005-05-26 Eastman Kodak Company Tracking an image-recording medium
WO2005048259A3 (en) * 2003-11-04 2005-08-11 Eastman Kodak Co Tracking an image-recording medium
US7403708B2 (en) 2003-11-04 2008-07-22 Eastman Kodak Company Tracking an image-recording medium using an identifying mark and film encodement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITRM920641A1 (en) 1994-03-04
ITRM920641A0 (en) 1992-09-04
IT1258475B (en) 1996-02-26

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