WO1994004636B1 - Unleaded mmt fuel composition - Google Patents
Unleaded mmt fuel compositionInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994004636B1 WO1994004636B1 PCT/US1993/007962 US9307962W WO9404636B1 WO 1994004636 B1 WO1994004636 B1 WO 1994004636B1 US 9307962 W US9307962 W US 9307962W WO 9404636 B1 WO9404636 B1 WO 9404636B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- fuel
- emissions
- manganese
- composition
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 39
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 40
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910000468 manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 22
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims 10
- FKUHSXQFTQYVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;formaldehyde;manganese Chemical group [Mn].O=C.O=C.O=C.C1C=CC=[C-]1 FKUHSXQFTQYVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 7
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N MeOtBu Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- HVZJRWJGKQPSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dimethylpropyl methyl ether Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OC HVZJRWJGKQPSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- -1 methylene di methyl Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 2
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;manganese;5-methylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical group [Mn].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].C[C-]1C=CC=C1 IYSGJCJSRBFZSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
Abstract
Unleaded fuel compositions comprised of a cyclomatic manganese tricarbonyl compound (CMT), preferably methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), and means to reduce the formation of heavy manganese oxides during combustion such that resultant exhaust emissions are environmentally acceptable.
Claims
1. A method for controlling the hazardous combustion emissions of spark-ignited internal combustion engine and exhaust system said method comprising: mixing a nonleaded gasoline base comprised of hydrocarbons with: a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.2642 grams of manganese per liter of fuel composition; and a means for increasing combustion burning velocity and/or reducing combustion temperatures; whereby formation of hazardous emissions or particulates are controlled; and supplying to and combusting said fuel in said engine; and exhausting resultant combustion emissions through a government regulated exhaust system; whereby resultant emissions, including hydrocarbon emissions, meet acceptable environmental legal standards.
2. The method of Claim 1, wherein the means incorporates the release of free H, H2 CO, OCH3, and/or OH radicals as intermediate combustion products.
3. The method of Claim 1, wherein the manganese concentration is from about 0.000264 to about 0.06605 grams/liter.
4) The method of Claim 1, wherein said means incorporates an oxygenate additive or mechanical device, and combination thereof, capable of increasing the vapor volume of the fuel immediately prior to combustion.
5) The method of Claim 1, wherein said means incorporates carbonic acid dimethyl ester.
6) The method of Claim 1, wherein said means incorporates methyl tertiary butyl ether.
7) The method of Claim 1, wherein the means incorporates an oxygenated additive from about 0.5 to about
10.0% weight oxygen percent of the fuel.
8) The method of Claim 1, wherein said means incorporates an oxygenate additive selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, methylene di methyl ether, carbonic acid dimethyl ester, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, methyl tertiary amyl ether, dimethyl ether, and diisopropyl ether, and mixture thereof.
9. The method of Claim 1, wherein said exhaust system is a regulated emission control exhaust system designed for unleaded fuel usage.
10) The method of Claim 1, further comprising a means to modify boiling temperatures whereby hydrocarbons boiling at temperatures higher than gasoline may be incorporated into said composition.
11) The method of Claim 1, wherein the means incorporates the reduction of said fuel's end boiling temperature; whereby combustion temperatures are reduced and/or burning velocity is increased.
12) The method of Claim l, wherein said means incorporates reducing combustion temperatures.
13) A method for controlling the hazardous combustion emissions of spark-ignited internal combustion engine and exhaust system, designed for nonleaded fuels, said method comprising: mixing a nonleaded gasoline base comprised of hydrocarbons with: a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.2642 grams of manganese per liter of fuel composition; and an oxygenate additive or mechanical means, and combination thereof, increasing combustion burning velocity or reducing combustion temperatures, and combination thereof, whereby formation of hazardous hydrocarbon emissions is controlled; and means for modifying boiling temperatures whereby driveability is improved, or the composition's end boiling point is reduced, or hydrocarbons boiling above gasoline temperatures are incorporated into the mixture, and combination thereof; and supplying to and combusting said mixture in an engine; and emitting resultant combustion emissions from said engine through an exhaust system such that hydrocarbon emissions meet minimal legal requirements.
14) The method of Claim 13, wherein said oxygenate additive means incorporates an oxygenate selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, methylene di methyl ether, carbonic acid dimethyl ester, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, methyl tertiary amyl ether, dimethyl ether, and diisopropyl ether, and mixture thereof.
15) The method of Claim 13, wherein said means for increasing burning velocity incorporates mechanism capable of increasing the vapor volume of the fuel during combustion.
16) The method of Claim 13, wherein said means for modifying boiling temperatures incorporates an alcohol selected from the group consisting of C4-C12 azeotrope forming alcohols, and mixtures thereof, or a solvent, or group of solvents, or higher boiling point hydrocarbon, or groups of hydrocarbons, and combination thereof.
17) A method for controlling hazardous hydrocarbon combustion emissions from spark-ignited internal combustion engine and exhaust system designed for nonleaded fuel, said method comprising: mixing a nonleaded hydrocarbon base, with: an emission reducing amount of a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration ranging from about 0.016513 to about 0.066050 grams of manganese per liter of fuel composition; and an oxygenate additive means for reducing combustion temperatures, whereby hazardous emission causing manganese oxides are not formed in combustion; and combusting resultant fuel in said engine; and exhausting engine's combustion emissions through exhaust system containing a catalyst; whereby said system is relatively free of catalyst plugging manganese oxides; whereby resultant hydrocarbon emissions meet minimal legal requirements.
18) A fuel composition for controlling the hazardous combustion emissions of spark-ignited internal combustion engines and exhaust systems, designed for nonleaded fuels, said composition comprising: a nonleaded gasoline base comprised of hydrocarbons; and a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.2642 grams of manganese per liter of fuel composition; and an oxygenate additive or mechanical means, including combination thereof, for increasing combustion burning velocity, or reducing combustion temperatures, including combination thereof, whereby formation of hazardous hydrocarbon emissions is reduced, such that resultant emissions can meet minimal legal requirements.
19. The fuel composition of Claim 18, wherein said composition's end boiling point temperatures are reduced.
20. A novel fuel composition comprising: a hydrocarbon base liquid fuel; and a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.1321 grams of manganese per liter of composition; and a carbonic acid dimethyl ester having a concentration from about 0.1 to about 10.0 weight percent oxygen in the composition.
21. The composition of Claim 20 additionally comprising a co-solvent.
22. A fuel composition for controlling hazardous hydrocarbon combustion emissions from spark-ignited internal combustion engine, said composition comprising: a nonleaded gasoline base comprised of hydrocarbons; a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.2642 grams of manganese per liter of the fuel composition; and means employing methyl tertiary butyl ether whereby hydrocarbons emissions meet minimal legal requirements.
23. A fuel composition for controlling hazardous hydrocarbon combustion emissions from spark-ignited internal combustion engines and exhaust systems, designed for nonleaded fuel usage, said composition comprising: a nonleaded gasoline base comprised of hydrocarbons; a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration greater than 0.008256 g/liter (1/32 g/gal) to about 0.099075 grams of manganese per liter (3/8 g/gal) of the fuel composition; and an emission reducing amount of an oxygenate selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, methylene di methyl ether, carbonic acid dimethyl ester, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, methyl tertiary amyl ether, and mixture thereof; whereby resultant composition's combustion emissions meet minimal legal requirements.
24. A method for controlling excessive hydrocarbon emissions emitted from spark-ignited internal combustion engine and emission control system, said method comprising: forming a lead free gasoline fuel with reduced end point boiling temperature; and adding at least one cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl antiknock compound having a manganese concentration from about 0.000264 to about 0.00826 g/liter
(1/32 g/gal) of fuel composition; and combusting said fuel in said engine; whereby combustion is improved; and emitting resultant combustion emissions through an emission control system; whereby exhausted hydrocarbons meet legal requirements.
25. The method of Claim 24 additionally comprising an oxygenate additive and/or mechanical means for increasing combustion burning velocity, or reducing combustion temperatures, and combination thereof.
26. The method of Claim 24, wherein said reduction of end point boiling temperature increases combustion burning velocity and/or reduces combustion temperatures.
27. The method of Claim 24, wherein combustion is improved by means for increasing the vapor volume of vaporized fuel immediately prior to combustion.
28. The method of Claim 25, wherein said oxygenate additive means incorporates an oxygenate selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, methylene di methyl ether, carbonic acid dimethyl ester, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, methyl tertiary amyl ether, and mixture thereof.
29. The method of Claim 25, wherein said oxygenate additive means incorporates release of free H, H2 CO, OCH3, and/or OH radicals as intermediate combustion products.
30. The method of Claim 28, wherein the manganese concentration is from about 0.000264 to about 0.1321 g/liter of fuel.
31. The method of Claim 28, wherein the oxygen weight content of the fuel is from about 0.5 to about 10.0 weight percent.
32. The method of Claim 24, wherein said reduction of end boiling point temperature incorporates use of at least one oxygenated solvent.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93920308A EP0656045A1 (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Unleaded mmt fuel composition |
| AU50895/93A AU5089593A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Unleaded mmt fuel composition |
| KR1019950700815A KR100307417B1 (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | How to increase the economics of fuels and fuel compositions for them |
| JP50659894A JP3478825B2 (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Lead-free MMT fuel composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US93419292A | 1992-08-24 | 1992-08-24 | |
| US934,192 | 1992-08-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994004636A1 WO1994004636A1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| WO1994004636B1 true WO1994004636B1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
Family
ID=25465130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1993/007962 WO1994004636A1 (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Unleaded mmt fuel composition |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0656045A1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP3478825B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100307417B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5089593A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2142991A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994004636A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3660357B2 (en) * | 1994-03-02 | 2005-06-15 | ウィリアム・シー・オーア | Unleaded MMT fuel composition |
| CA2194572A1 (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-07 | William C. Orr | Vapor phase combustion methods and compositions |
| EP0833879A1 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-04-08 | ORR, William C. | Vapor phase combustion method and compositions ii |
| JP3948796B2 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 2007-07-25 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Unleaded gasoline for in-cylinder direct injection gasoline engines |
| US6206940B1 (en) | 1999-02-12 | 2001-03-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Fuel formulations to extend the lean limit (law770) |
| JP5436409B2 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2014-03-05 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | Synergistic combination of sterically hindered phenols and nitrogen-containing detergents for biodiesel fuels to improve oxidative stability |
| KR100881756B1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2009-02-06 | 주식회사 성우지오텍 | Purification method and the apparatus of exhaust gases by using advanced oxidation process of fenton reaction |
| WO2010136436A1 (en) | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gasoline compositions |
| WO2010136437A1 (en) | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gasoline compositions |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4141693A (en) * | 1974-12-18 | 1979-02-27 | Standard Oil Company (Ohio) | Manganese containing fuels |
| US4005993A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1977-02-01 | Ethyl Corporation | Novel gasoline compositions |
| ATE69462T1 (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1991-11-15 | William C Orr | LEAD-FREE FUEL COMPOSITION. |
| US4988366A (en) * | 1989-10-24 | 1991-01-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High conversion TAME and MTBE production process |
| CA2045455C (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 2002-04-02 | John Vincent Hanlon | Motor fuels of enhanced properties |
| EP0474342A1 (en) * | 1990-09-05 | 1992-03-11 | ARCO Chemical Technology, L.P. | Unsymmetrical dialkyl carbonate fuel additives |
| US5113803A (en) * | 1991-04-01 | 1992-05-19 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Reduction of Nox emissions from gasoline engines |
-
1993
- 1993-08-24 CA CA002142991A patent/CA2142991A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-24 KR KR1019950700815A patent/KR100307417B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-24 AU AU50895/93A patent/AU5089593A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-24 EP EP93920308A patent/EP0656045A1/en active Pending
- 1993-08-24 JP JP50659894A patent/JP3478825B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-24 WO PCT/US1993/007962 patent/WO1994004636A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-06-25 JP JP2003181643A patent/JP4054288B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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