WO1994003940A1 - Dipole - Google Patents

Dipole Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994003940A1
WO1994003940A1 PCT/NZ1993/000064 NZ9300064W WO9403940A1 WO 1994003940 A1 WO1994003940 A1 WO 1994003940A1 NZ 9300064 W NZ9300064 W NZ 9300064W WO 9403940 A1 WO9403940 A1 WO 9403940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dipole
radiating elements
radiating
radiating element
proximal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NZ1993/000064
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roger John Butland
William Emil Heinz
Original Assignee
Deltec New Zealand Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deltec New Zealand Limited filed Critical Deltec New Zealand Limited
Priority to JP6505207A priority Critical patent/JPH07509822A/ja
Priority to AU49862/93A priority patent/AU670130B2/en
Publication of WO1994003940A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994003940A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dipole.
  • the radiating elements of the antenna have a novel shape with electrical coupling being provided between adjacent lateral edges of the radiating elements.
  • a dipole having first and second radiating elements, the proximal ends of said radiating elements being connected to respective terminals of a drive point, the distal ends of said radiating elements extending outwardly from said drive point, characterised in that electrical coupling is provided between adjacent lateral edges of said first and second radiating elements towards the proximal ends of said radiating elements.
  • electrical coupling is provided between both lateral edges of the radiating elements in the form of spaced apart tabs connected to respective lateral edges of the radiating elements.
  • the radiating elements preferably taper from the proximal end to the distal end thereof.
  • cut-away portions are provided between the tabs and the proximal ends of the radiating elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows the preferred form of radiating element.
  • Fic f ure 2t shows a perspective view of a dipole incorporating two radiating elements of the form shown in figure 1.
  • Figure 31 shows a cross-sectional side view of the feed arrangement to the dipole shown in figure 2.
  • Figure 4a shows an alternative feed arrangement to that shown in figure 3.
  • Figure 4bt shows the shape of the radiating element used in the embodiments shown in figures 4a and 5.
  • Figure 5 shows a further alternative feed arrangement.
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative feed arrangement for use in compact antennas.
  • Figure 71 shows an alternative feed arrangement to increase the height of a dipole above the ground plane for beam width adjustment.
  • Figure 81 shows an alternative feed arrangement in which the radiating elements are fed directly by the supports.
  • Figure 91 indicates the dimensions of the preferred radiating element shown in figure 1.
  • Figure 10t shows an alternative coupling arrangement between the tabs of the radiating elements. Best mode for carrying out the invention
  • the radiating element is of generally diamond shape having truncated proximal and distal ends, 1 and 2 respectively.
  • Tabs 3 and 4 are provided proximate the lateral edges 6,6a of the radiating element towards the proximal end thereof.
  • the tabs 3 and 4 step up or down relative to the plane of the radiating element at transitions 8.
  • Cut-away portions 5 and 5a are provided between the proximal end and the respective tabs 3 and 4. These cut-away portions are preferably angled away from the proximal end towards the distal end of the radiating element.
  • Apertures 7 may be provided to secure a terminal 15 (see figure 3) to the radiating element.
  • FIG 2 a dipole antenna incorporating two radiating elements of the form shown in figure 1 is shown in perspective.
  • Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing the feed arrangement of the antenna shown in figure 2.
  • Radiating elements 9 and 14 are supported above a ground plane 17 by stand-offs 18.
  • Stand-offs 18 provide the mechanical support for radiating elements 9 and 14 as well as electrically connecting the radiating elements to the ground plane 17.
  • Feed-line 20 supplies the driving signal to radiating elements 9 and 14.
  • the external conductor of feed- line 20 is electrically connected to radiating element 9 and ground plane 17.
  • the central conductor 1 is electrically connected to terminal 15 at the drive point.
  • a dielectric block 19 may be provided between stand-offs 18 for mechanical stability and matching purposes.
  • Terminal 15 may be secured to radiating element 14 by suitable fastening means 16.
  • tabs 10 and 11 of radiating element 9 are off-set with respect to the plane of radiating element 9.
  • Tabs 12 and 13 of radiating element 14 are likewise offset with respect to the plane of radiating element 14.
  • the pairs of tabs 11 and 12 and 10 and 13 overlap to provide electrical coupling between the adjacent lateral edges of the radiating elements. Adjustment of this "electrical coupling" enables the real part of the drive point impedance to be adjusted. By altering the degree to which the tabs overlap and the space between the tabs the real part of the drive point impedance of a dipole can be adjusted to a desired magnitude.
  • the reactive part of the drive point impedance can be adjusted by varying the drive point capacitance or the length of standoffs 18.
  • the drive point capacitance may be varied by bending terminal 15 closer to radiating element 9 or by altering the size of dielectric block 19.
  • the drive point impedance can additionally be varied by positioning a short circuit between the transmission stand-offs 18 at the required height.
  • the applicant has found that by providing impedance matching by way of tabs on the lateral edges of the radiating elements the impedance variation at the dipole drive point is decreased. This results in an increased useable bandwidth for the dipole antenna.
  • Matching in this way also allows the real part of the impedance of a dipole to be reduced, making matching easier and reducing feed losses.
  • the dipole may be directly connected to a driving signal without matching (the real part of the impedance can be brought close to 50 ohms by adjusting the tab positions).
  • the radiating element of the present invention tapers from the proximal end to the distal end thereof.
  • the distal end is preferably less than half the width of the proximal end (i.e between lateral edges 6 "and 6a). More preferably the distal end is about a quarter the width of the radiating element at the proximal end.
  • the cut-away portions 5 and 5a between the tabs and the proximal end 1 give improved performance. Cut ⁇ away portions 5 and 5a are preferably of the triangular shape shown.
  • the proximal edges la and lb are preferably inclined towards the distal end of the radiating element.
  • FIG. 4a an alternative feed arrangement is shown.
  • the proximal ends of the radiating elements 24a and 24b have been extended to form a point 24 (see figure 4b).
  • the points 24a and 24b overlap at the drive point between the stand-offs to provide a reactance control gap 25.
  • the distance between points 24a and 24b can be adjusted to provide appropriate reactive compensation.
  • the external conductor of feed-line 27 is electrically connected to radiating element 22 and the central conductor 28 is connected to point 24b of radiating element 23.
  • radiating elements used in this embodiment are of the same shape as shown in figure 4b. In this case rather than bending the points 24a and 24b as in figure 4a the points 28a and 28b overlap. This means that radiating elements 29 and 30 do not lie in the same plane (as in the embodiment shown in figure 4a) .
  • the external conductor of feed-line 31 is connected to radiating element 29 and the central conductor 32 is connected to point 28b of radiating element 30.
  • radiating element 30 may be angled slightly down from its proximal end to its distal end and radiating element 29 may be angled slightly up from its proximal end to its distal end. In this way the average height of each radiating element above the ground plane may be substantially the same.
  • the dipole shown in figure 6 is of the same general construction as the dipole shown in figures 2 and 3. In this case however a greater volume of dielectric 32 has been provided between stand-offs 33. Dielectric 32 may be shaped to fit the entire or any fraction of the space between supports 33 depending on the required shortening of the stand-offs 33. The shortening factor is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant. Shortening in this manner enables the stand-offs 33 to be reduced in length whilst still maintaining a quarter wavelength electrical balun section.
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative feed arrangement in which the dipole is raised higher than usual above the ground plane.
  • the radiating elements are positioned a quarter wavelength above the ground plane.
  • a stub short circuit 34 is provided between stand-offs 35 at the position the ground plane would normally be (i.e.; so that the distance between the stub short circuit and the dipole is about a quarter wave length) .
  • the reactive part of the drive point impedance can be adjusted by varying the position of stub 34.
  • the stand-offs 37, 38 are electrically isolated from the ground plane 36. Stand-offs 37 and 38 are adjusted in size and spacing to form a 100 ohm transmission line. Stand-offs 37 and 38 are electrically connected to radiating elements 39 and 40. Stand-offs 37 and 38 may be directly connected to a 100 ohm feed-line which may also feed an adjacent dipole of a corporate feed assembly. The feeding junction of this interconnecting transmission line will be equivalent to 50 ohms. This enables the direct connection of a 50 ohm co-axial cable with a simple balun to feed the pair of dipoles, without requiring an impedance transformation. This reduces the cost of matching components and reduces power loss.
  • Angle m is the angle between the edge of the cut-away portions and the longitudinal direction of the radiating elements. Angle m will preferably be between 45° to 75°, most preferably m will be about 60°.
  • L is the wavelength at the frequency of operation.
  • the dipole of the present invention may be utilised in a number of antenna configurations.
  • the dipole of the invention may be incorporated into microstrip, mat- strip or printed circuit board antennas.
  • the radiating elements may be printed on opposite sides of a thin insulating board with the printed tabs overlapping.
  • the board could be mounted above a ground plane with insulating material between the printed board and ground plane. It is to be appreciated that the dipole of the invention may find application in a wide range of antennas.
  • the present invention provides a dipole antenna in which both the real and reactive impedance can be varied. This makes matching simpler and results in lower losses.
  • the dipole of the invention also has decreased impedance variation resulting in a dipole having a greater bandwidth.
  • the dipole of the invention may find wide application in a number of antenna configurations.
  • the dipole of the invention is suitable for use in wide bandwidth low loss antennas.
  • the dipole of the invention may find particular application in panel antennas and other multi-element antennas.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Dipole comprenant des éléments rayonnants (9, 14) dont la surface diminue depuis leur extrémité proximale (1) en direction de leur extrémité distale (2). Le couplage électrique entre les arêtes latérales adjacentes desdits éléments rayonnants est réalisé au moyen de languettes espacées les unes des autres (10, 11, 12, 13). Entre l'extrémité proximale (1) et les languettes (3, 4) sont ménagées des découpures (5, 5a). On peut régler la partie réelle de l'impédance du bipole en réglant la distance séparant les languettes (10, 11, 12, 13) ainsi que l'étendue de leur recouvrement. On peut ainsi donner au dipole une configuration lui permettant d'être directement commandé à partir d'une ligne d'alimentation, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'avoir recours à des composants d'adaptation. De cette façon, la complexité du système est réduite et l'on a moins de pertes. Avec le dipole présenté, on a également moins de variations de l'impédance, ce qui augmente la largeur de bande dudit dipole.
PCT/NZ1993/000064 1992-08-07 1993-08-06 Dipole WO1994003940A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6505207A JPH07509822A (ja) 1992-08-07 1993-08-06 ダイポールアンテナ
AU49862/93A AU670130B2 (en) 1992-08-07 1993-08-06 A dipole

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ243877 1992-08-07
NZ24387792 1992-08-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994003940A1 true WO1994003940A1 (fr) 1994-02-17

Family

ID=19924051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NZ1993/000064 WO1994003940A1 (fr) 1992-08-07 1993-08-06 Dipole

Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH07509822A (fr)
AU (1) AU670130B2 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ255598A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994003940A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0841715A2 (fr) * 1996-11-08 1998-05-13 FUBA Automotive GmbH Antenne plate
WO2002093688A1 (fr) * 2001-05-16 2002-11-21 Belousov, Sergey Vasilievich Antenne, oscillateur et directeur
CN110603686A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2019-12-20 瑞典爱立信有限公司 广带天线

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7205953B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2007-04-17 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Directional antenna array

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2523728A (en) * 1947-05-14 1950-09-26 Bendix Aviat Corp High impedance antenna
FR2441278A1 (fr) * 1978-11-13 1980-06-06 Coppin Georges Antenne de reception et d'emission d'ondes h.f.
FR2451113A2 (fr) * 1978-06-19 1980-10-03 France Etat Doublet et antenne en plaques a polarisation circulaire
JPS60237701A (ja) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-26 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 自己補対アンテナ
JPS62122304A (ja) * 1985-11-21 1987-06-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp プリント化ダイポ−ルアンテナ
GB2208043A (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-15 Gen Electric Co Plc Triplate fed dipole

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0812566B2 (ja) * 1984-05-07 1996-02-07 富士電機株式会社 加減速演算方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2523728A (en) * 1947-05-14 1950-09-26 Bendix Aviat Corp High impedance antenna
FR2451113A2 (fr) * 1978-06-19 1980-10-03 France Etat Doublet et antenne en plaques a polarisation circulaire
FR2441278A1 (fr) * 1978-11-13 1980-06-06 Coppin Georges Antenne de reception et d'emission d'ondes h.f.
JPS60237701A (ja) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-26 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 自己補対アンテナ
JPS62122304A (ja) * 1985-11-21 1987-06-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp プリント化ダイポ−ルアンテナ
GB2208043A (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-15 Gen Electric Co Plc Triplate fed dipole

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, E-395, page 59; & JP,A,60 237 701 (YAGI ANTENNA KK), 26 November 1985. *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, E-544, page 148; & JP,A,62 122 304 (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP), 3 June 1987. *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0841715A2 (fr) * 1996-11-08 1998-05-13 FUBA Automotive GmbH Antenne plate
EP0841715A3 (fr) * 1996-11-08 2000-04-26 FUBA Automotive GmbH Antenne plate
WO2002093688A1 (fr) * 2001-05-16 2002-11-21 Belousov, Sergey Vasilievich Antenne, oscillateur et directeur
CN110603686A (zh) * 2017-05-12 2019-12-20 瑞典爱立信有限公司 广带天线
CN110603686B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2021-11-12 瑞典爱立信有限公司 在频率范围内进行操作的单极化辐射器及广带天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NZ255598A (en) 1996-06-25
AU670130B2 (en) 1996-07-04
AU4986293A (en) 1994-03-03
JPH07509822A (ja) 1995-10-26

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