WO1994002925A1

WO1994002925A1 - Perpetual calendar

Info

Publication number: WO1994002925A1
Application number: PCT/DK1993/000232
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Helge Aa Katballe
Original assignee: Peter Helge Aa Katballe
Priority date: 1992-07-15
Filing date: 1993-07-07
Publication date: 1994-02-03
Also published as: DK170689B1; DK91992D0; DK91992A

Abstract

Perpetual calendar for the presentation of a calendar of a certain year indicating weekdays, Sundays, and holidays. Field of operation: Julian calendar system from year 1 and into an endless future. Gregorian system from year 1582 and in an arbitrary future. On the plate (A) is placed a revolving disc (D). In an outward ring (h) 2-figure years in 10 windows appear when turning the disc, as the 10-figures are printed on transparent windows on the disc, while the 1-figures are printed on (A). When the 2-figure end-figure of the wanted year appears, the Easter Full Moon date can be read in a square, marked with the wanted hundred-year. A plate (F) is moved behind fixed plate (C), until the line of the wanted hundred-year (in squares V1 and V3) is in level with markers on (C). A movable plate is moved behind (A), until the Easter Sunday is placed at the Full Moon date in the calendar, and is then drawn downwards until the 2-figure end-figure of the year can be seen in the square (V2). The calendar is now adjusted. In a simplified form (without the disc D) only weekdays are shown.

Description

Perpetual Calendar 1

The invention relates to a Perpetual Calendar, in which a certain year calendar with correctly placed weekdays, Sundays, and holidays can be shown in form like a noπral wall calendar. The Perpetual Calendar is in its nature able to make corrections to a certain hundred-year by displacing a movable plate vertically, until the wanted hundred-year is placed on level with a marker on a fixed plate, selecting the wanted hundred-year in the relevant table of three (each of 7 lines), noted on the plate. Out of these tables two of them refer to the equal and unequal thousand-years of the Gregorian calendar respectively and have the hundred-years 000 - 900 placed at the relevant table line, while the third table refers to the Julian calendar with the hundred-figures 000 - 2100 placed at the relevant table line. Further, the Perpetual Calendar is in its nature able to correct for the single year within a hundred-year by displacing a bigger movable plate vertically behind a transparent central part of the before mentioned, smaller movable plate. On the transparent central part of the foremost, smaller movable plate there are 4 columns each of 13 lines with digits that, relevantly placed, mean the 10-figures of a year.

In an area of the bigger movable plate behind there are correspon¬ dingly 4 columns each of 41 lines with digits which, relevantly placed, refer to the 1-figures of a year, and the columns are placed on the plate so¹ that they, when moving, appear just behind the corresponding columns in the transparent part of the plate in front. When the plates have been mutually placed, together showing the wanted 2-figure end-figure in the wanted year, the correction has been completed. Further the Perpetual Calendar is of the nature that the hindmost and biggest of the two movable plates at the top shows weekdays, Sundays and holidays in 14 vertical columns corresponding to the two leap months and the 12 normal months. Out of the 14 columns a section can be regarded through 14 squares, relevantly placed in a fixed plate in front. As the height of the single square is = a number of lines corresponding to the number of days of the month in question, the square can just contain and show the calendar of the month.

The single column contains a number of lines = the number of days of the corresponding month + 34, thus in total showing 34 + 1 = 35 different calendars corresponding to the 35 possible dates of Easter Sunday and thus the placing of all movable holidays. Each of the 14 columns shows week-days, relevantly placed, as the relevant weekdays of the columns, however, are always replaced by the movable Sundays or holidays occurring in the month in question. Because of the fact that the fixed plate before the squares shows the month dates, correctly placed, correction has been made for day and month.

Besides, the Perpetual Calendar is made out in the way that a circular, revolving disc can inform the Easter Full Moon date as a necessary basic point for regulating the calendar with the movable holidays correctly placed. The disc is divided into 19 equal circle sections corresponding to the 19 years moon cycle and into a number of rings, in which, relevantly placed, transparent or cut-out windows make it possible to read the Easter Full Moon dates that, relevantly placed, have been noted on the fixed plate behind. In one ring, reserved for the Julian Calendar, is a window in each of the 19 circle sections (field of operation for the Julian calendar is from year 1 AD till year 2099 AD). A number of other rings are reserved for the Gregorian calendar, the various rings containing relevantly placed windows for hundred-years with the same Epact. Each window is marked with the relevant hundred-year.

The field of operation regarding the Gregorian calendar will consequently be decided by the number of rings - 1200 years can always be covered by 5 rings. The prototype with 6 rings covers the years 1582 - 2899. The disc is adjusted by means of a ring containing 10 transparent areas relevantly placed, and in the first half each provided with a figure meaning the 10- figure of the year.

Through the transparent windows of this ring digits will appear meaning the 1-figure af the year and are, relevantly placed, noted on the fixed plate behind in the hindmost half of each of 10 successive areas. When turning the disc so that the two-figure end- figure of the wanted year appears in one of the latter transparent windows, the Easter Full Moon date can be read immediately in the disc window of the relevant hundred-year.

It is well known to make perpetual calendars, which by placing movable plates and/or discs in relation to fixed plates or in relation to each other, will produce a calendar. Some are able to decide the weekday of a single date, others can show the calendar of a certain month, and few the calendar of a year. None of the calendars, hitherto known, can, however, produce a calendar for an unlimited period. All of them are after all operating within a limited period and are only able to excede this period by means of various tables or an intermediate calculation. The invention on the other hand can immediately provoke the calendar of a year with correct weekdays only by adjustment on the year in question - there is no limitation.

Further, it is known to produce perpetual calendars, showing the Easter Sunday date and possibly the placing af other holidays depending on the Easter. This can be πade by means of a movable plate or disc, at which the Easter dates for a period, calculated in advance, have been relevantly placed. GP-patent No. 1 222 556 of 1971 can show the Easter date for the period including 2299, having placed the 2-figure end-figure of the year by means of a movable plate in the relevant one of 27 squares, and having in another square read the Sunday letter of the year in order to decide between 7 possible Easter dates.

The invention produces the same result only by turning a disc until the 2-figure end-figure of the year is seen - now you are immedia¬ tely able to read the date of the Easter Full Moon and from this starting point the calendar can immediately be adjusted and pre- sents not only the Easter Sunday, but all the Sun- and holidays correctly placed.

The specific fact of the invention appears in the means for implementing the 3 essential corrections: Demonstration of the Easter Full Moon date, correction for the hundred-year and correc- tion for a certain year of the hundred-year .

As a special thing the demonstration of the Easter Full Moon date is made by only one single turn of a circular disc placed on the front plate of the calendar. In a circular ring on the disc (e.g. the outermost) there are lo transparent areas, relevantly placed. In the foremost half of these areas those digits have been noted meaning the 10-figure of the year. Through these areas other digits can be seen on the fixed plate behind, in the hindmost half of 10 areas, which mean the 1-figure of the year. When turning the disc so the 2- figure end-figure of the wanted year appears, the Easter Full Moon date can immediately be read on the disc in the window marked with the hundred-figure of the wanted year.

A specific point is also the means of the invention for correcting for the hundred-year. The recognition of a 2000 years cycle for weekdays of the Gregorian system makes it possible to place the 10 hundred-years in the single thousand-year in only 2 tables with these 10 hundred-years placed on 7 lines corresponding to the 7 possibilities of the starting point of the weekday row: One table is thus valid for all equal thousand-years and one valid for all unequal thousand-years. The field of operation is thus endless. The fact that the Julian system is in cycles of 700 years is on the other hand a well-known matter. The hundred-years can thus be placed in a corresponding third table of 7 lines. When the 3 tables are placed on level with each other, corrections for any hundred-year can therefore according to the invention be obtained only by moving a plate (on which the 3 tables are noted) so that the line with the relevant hundred-year is on level with a fixed marker. Especially, as regards the invention, correcting for the year of the hundred- year does not take place (which is normally the fact) on the basis of a position/correction calculated in advance for the single year of the hundred-year, but by mutually moving 2 movable plates, of which one of them contains digits in 4 vertical columns, meaning the 10-figures of the year and the other one contains in 4 corresponding columns digits meaning the 1-figures of the year. When the figures from one column of each of the 2 plates make the 2-figure end-figure of the wanted year, the correction has been completed. The correction for the month goes automatically (by the 3 above operations/corrections), as the plate containing the 4 columns with digits corresponding to the 1-figures of the year contains above 14 columns corresponding to the 14 months (12 normal months and January 5 and February of leap years). Relevantly placed these 14 columns contain the weekdays, Sundays and holidays occurring in the month in question, and the result appears in 14 squares in a fixed plate in front, as the size of the various squares will just show the correct number of days for the month in question, and the dates are, 10 relevantly placed, noted before the square of the single month.

In a special type of the calendar the disc for demonstration of the Easter Full Moon date is cancelled and the 14 columns with weekdays, Sundays and holidays are shortened so each column only contains a number of lines = number of days of each month + 6, and also do the 15 14 columns only contain weekdays names. Thus the size of the calendar is reduced and it can only inform correct weekdays, but at the same time its field of operation will be endless from year 1 AD.

The calendar can also be built up as fully functioning with the rows of information used in the invention in lines, in columns, or 20 graduated rings, used in the same order, but with another relevant basis for the various rows or in opposite order.

The calendar can also be functioning with a construction where the movable plates are moved horizontally.

Finally, it might be possible that the 2-dimensiαnal design might be 25 transferred to other spatial forms as balls, rings, cylinders or movable tapes.

The invention is further explained in the following with reference to the drawings:

The calendar does according to the invention consist of a flat 30 cover, made out by a bigger fixed front- and back plate A and B of the same size (front plate A: Fig.2. Cut: fig.4- the total calendar: Fig.l). On the front plate A (fig.2) is placed a smaller front plate C (Fig.5) so that this plate, with part of plate A as back plate, makes another flat cover, and furthermore a revolving disc D (Fig.7 and 8) has been placed on the front plate A (Fig.l). Between the plates A and B there is a movable plate E (Fig.3) to be moved vertically. Between the fixed plate C and the part of A behind (Fig.5 and Fig.l), there is a movable plate F (Fig.6 - enlarged Fig.13) to be moved vertically.

On some of the parts relevant data have been noted and some parts are made with various cuts or transparent squares. In a big fixed front plate A (Fig.2) there are 14 squares (R1-R14; Fig.2) corresponding to the 14 months (12 normal month and January and February in leap years). Behind this plate a movable plate E (Fig.3) can be moved vertically.

On the upper part of this latter plate 14 columns of relevant weekdays are placed so that they, when moving vertically, will just appear in the mentioned 14 squares of the plate A (Fig.2). The height of the squares are adjusted in order that a number of lines in the corresponding column of weekdays on E (Fig.3) can be seen in the single square - a number corresponding to the number of days of the month in question. As the columns at the top of Fig.3 (cut Fig.19) begin with: Thursday, Sunday, Fridag, Monday, Monday, Thursday, Saturday, Tuesday, Thursday, Sunday, Wednesday, Friday, Monday, Wednesday, there is thus always corrected for the mutual divergence in weekdays of the single months on a certain day of the various months. By moving the plate behind up or down the first day of a week is changed parallelly for all months.

As the Easter Sunday ( and thus all other movable Sundays and holidays) can take place on 35 successive dates of the year, it is necessary to be able to show 35 different calendars, and the 14 above columns with weekdays must consequently each contain a number of lines = number of days of the month + 34. In order that the calendar can show the movable Sundays and holidays, the relevant weekdays of the single column are replaced by the names of the possible movable Sundays and holidays of the month in question - everything relevantly placed.

The decisive factor is now how the correct correction for a certain year is accomplished.

Correction for the hundred-year takes place by means of a smaller movable plate F (Fig.6) that can be moved vertically between a smaller front plate (Fig.5) and an area of the bottom part of the plate A (Fig.2), in this way forming the back plate of a little flat cover (cf the total calendar Fig.l). On the movable plate F (Fig.6 - enlarged Fig.13) 3 tables A,B and C with the hundred-years are printed, table C being valid for the Julian calendar, table A for unequal thousand-years in Gregorian calendar and table B equal thousand-years in Gregorian calendar. In the front plate C (Fig.5) the cut out squares V 1 and V 3 are found, size and placing of which make it possible that the tables A, B and C of the movable plate F (Fig.6) are always visible during the movement - A can be seen in square V 1 , B and C in square V 3. The correction has been completed when the line of the movable plate with the hundred-year in question is in level with the marker M on the fixed front plate (Fig.5).

The placing of the various hundred-years under the Julian calendar on table C (Fig.6 and 13) does not contain special new things. In the Julian calendar exists no exception from the rule, that every 4th year is a leap year. A Julian hundred-year contains consequently always:

(100 * 365 + 25) days = 36.525 days = 5218 weeks - 1 day . For every hundred-year the starting point of the weekdays moves back one day, and the system is cyclic - repeating after 700 years.

As appearing from table C (Fig.6 and 13) the hundred-figures of this table are placed continuously in backward order with 000 placed at 7th line. Table C (Fig.6 and 13) contains 3 columns with 21 hundred- figures, but according to the cyclic system one line applying to a certain hundred-figure is also valid for this hundred-figure plus any multible of 7. The field of operation in future is therefore endless.

A new thing is on the other hand the recognition of a cyclic system as regards the Gregorian calendar, making it possible that this calendar can immediately be adjusted to any hundred-year without any limitation for the time period. In the Gregorian calendar every 400 years means lapse of 3 leap days in relation to the Julian calendar, as a year divisible by 100, will only be a leap year if it is also divisible by 400. With no lapse of leap day in a Gregorian hundred-year, it is (like a Julian hundred- year) = 5218 weeks - 1 day, but otherwise a Gregorian hundred-year is one day shorter - with other words it is = 5218 weeks - 2 days, and this fact has hitherto prevented the arrangement of a cyclic system. However, fortunately the fact is that if you proceed 400 years in the Gregorian calendar, the 4 hundred-years will in total cause that in the row of weekdays you have to go back respectively 1, 2, 2 and 2 days which is in total 7 days = 1 week. The row of weekdays is repeated with other words after 400 years, but a period of 400 years cannot, however, be σyclicly fitted into a system built on the decimal system.

In the invention this problem has been solved by using a period of 5 * 400 years = 2000 years, and thereafter place the hundred-years in unequal thousand-years i one table (A in Fig.6 and 13) and equal thousand-years in another one (B in Fig.6 and 13). As explained above there are unequally big leaps regarding the row of weekdays for the various hundred-years in the Gregorian calendar, as a hundred-year normally causes a decline of 2 days, but hundred- years, divisible by 400 a decline of 1 day. Within respectively equal og unequal thousand-years those hundred years divisible by 400 ( and consequently only causing a decline of one day) will, however, always be placed on the same hundred-figure within the thousand- year, i.e. in unequal thousand-years on 200 and 600 (example: 1200 and 1600) and in equal thousand-years on 000, 400 and 800 (example: 2000, 2400 and 2800). This enables a placing of the 10 hundred- figures on each relevant line (corresponding to a certain correc¬ tion) in one table, valid for all unequal thousand-years (A on Fig.6 and 13) or in another table, valid for all equal thousand-years (B on Fig.6 and 13) (to further facilitating the use regarding the next hundred-years, the hundred figures 1600 - 2300 are noted with 4 figures in two speciel columns of the tables A and B, but this is not necessary - only a facility). In the table A (Fig.6 and 13) the 10 hundred-figures are placed with relevant mutual leaps in backward order and in 3 columns with 000 placed on the 5th line -in table B (Fig.6 and 13) the 10 hundred-figures with relevant mutual leaps are correspondingly placed, but with 000 on line 2. The correction for the hundred-figure of the year has, as mentioned above, been completed when the movable plate F (Fig.6 and 13) is placed so that the line with the relevant hundred-figure is in level with the marker M on the fixed front plate C (Fig.5). Correction for the last two figures takes place by a movement of the movable plate E (Fig.3) which can be moved vertically behind the fixed plate A (Fig.2 - cf. the total calendar Fig.l) and thus at the same time behind the movable plate F (Fig.6 and 1). In a transparent area D of 13 lines in the middle of the movable plate F (Fig.6 and 13) digits are noted in the foremost half of the 4 columns each of 13 lines. These digits represent the 10-figures of the year. 7 of the 13 lines can always be seen through a square V 2 of 7 lines on the fixed front plate (Fig.5 and Fig.l). The 13 lines (7 + 6) make it possible besides the starting position also to correct with 6 lines, i.e. 7 positions in total corresponding to the 7 possible starting points for the row of weekdays.

Directly behind the square V 2 in the plate C (Fig.5 and 1) a square (V 5 in Fig.2) of the same size has been cut out in the fixed plate A (Fig.2 and 1) so that through V 2 and V 5 a 7 lines area of the movable plate E (Fig.3) can be seen - more definitely of an area with 41 written lines at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3). For these lines apply as follows:

The 41 lines are divided into 4 columns during the movement moving just behind the 4 columns of area D on plate F (Fig.6). On the 4 columns of the area at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3) are in the back half noted figures representing the 1-figures of the year (cut: Fig.16). When the plate E is moved any 2-figure figure will at a time appear in the square V 2 (Fig.5 and 1) by combination of the figures in the columns of the transparent central area of plate F (Fig.6) and of the figures in the columns at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3), and when in this way the 2-figure end-figure of a certain year appears, the calendar has been finally corrected for the year in question. The basis hereof is as follows:

As known you are going forward one day in the row of weekdays after expiration of a normal year, but after a leap year 2 days forward and owing to these unequal leaps you cannot directly make a general cycle corresponding to these leaps.

Going forward 10 years from a leap year you do not meet a leap year, which you will do going 20 years ahead. Therefore the 10 years periods are divided into equal and unequal as the figures in the first two columns of area D (Fig.6 and 13) mean the 10-figures of the unequal decades, and the figures of the last two columns the 10- figures of the equal decades (it can be seen, that the first two columns as regards the noted figures are mutually identic, and likewise the last two - with other words it is after all only a question of two coluπns that are only doubled owing to the fact that the same 10-figure in more cases has to be combined with two different 1-figures). Within a section of 7 lines of the single column the figure for an unequal/ equal 10-year is always placed 4. lines higher than the figure for the previous unequal/equal 10-year as after the 1st line you will always continue on the 7th line (7 lines corresponding to the 7 possible starting points for the row of weekdays) - this corresponding to the fact that 20 years are always containing 5 leap years and are consequently going forward 20 + 5 days = 25 days in the row of weekdays, which is the same as 25 - 7*3 days ( 3 weeks ) = 4 days forward. As starting point the figures 3 and 2 are placed on line 13 (D on Fig.6 and 13). In the latter half of the columns of the area at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3) (cut:Fig.l6) the figures representing the 1-figures of the years are placed - in the first two columns corresponding to the unequal 10-figures - in the last two columns corresponding to the equal 10-figures. Within a section of 7 lines of the first two columns (corresponding to unequal 10-years) the figures 0 - 9 are placed on the relevant line in the line order, so that the leap is normally = 1 line, but before 2 and 6 the leap is = 2 lines (i.e.before the leap years),- and so that after line 7 you are continuing on line 1. Correspondingly the figures 0 - 9 are placed on the relevant line within a section of 7 lines of the last two columns, but so that the leap is here 2 lines before 0, 4 and 8 (the leap years) (it appears that two different 1-figures are often appearing on the same line in the first two or the last two columns. This is the reason, why it is appropriate with 4 instead of 2 columns in the area at the bottom of E (Fig.3) and in the trans^¬ parent area D on Fig.6 and Fig.13). As starting point for the columns at the bottom of plate E (Fig. 3) the figures 5, 5, 9 and 9 respectively are seen on the first line in the 4 columns ( see cut Fig.16). The 41 lines (7 + 34) in the area at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3) make it possible besides the starting position to correct to

34 other positions, i.e. in total 35 positions corresponding to the

35 possible dates for Easter Sunday and hence the following 35 different calendars. When the correction for the hundred-year has been done as described above, and when plate E (Fig.3) is placed so you may see through the square V 2 (Fig.l) at least at one place (maybe two) the relevant 2-figure end-figure of the year, a correction of the relevant year has been made as regards weekdays. Before the calendar can be seen with correct placing of all weekdays. Sundays and holidays it is, however, necessary to know the date of the Easter Full Moon of the year. For this purpose the circular revolving disc D (Fig.8) is used, placed on the front plate of the calendar (see Fig.l). After only one turn of the disc D (Fig.8 - see also Fig.l) it is possible just to read the Easter Full Moon date in a relevant window of the disc for the period year 1 AD - year 2899 AD.(This is the fact for the prototype, but the period can arbitrarily be extended by a bigger disc with more rings - 5 rings covering 1200 years). The background herefore is as follows: As a main rule the Easter Full Moon dates are cyclicly repeated every 19th year corresponding to the 19 years moon cycle and the Golden numbers from 1 - 19 of the various years, depending thereon. This is the fact without any exception in the Julian calendar, but in the Gregorian calendar the dates are corrected at certain turns of centuries, as the Epact (figure for the moon age at the turn of year) is increased or reduced by 1. Corresponding to the 19 years moon cycle the disc has been divided into 19 equal circle sections, and they are again divided into a number of rings, of which one ring (in Fig.8 the innermost) is reserved for the Julian calendar, while a number of rings (in Fig.8 6 rings) are reserved for a number of periods in the Gregorian calendar each with a special correction of the Epact and thus of the 5 Easter Full Moon dates. In these reserved rings are cut-out or transparent windows, through which the Easter Full Moon dates can be read where noted on the fixed back plate A (Fig.2) in a circle D 1 (Fig.2 and 9), placed directly behind the movable disc (Fig.l and Fig.8) and divided into

10 circle sections and rings exactly like the movable disc and of the same size. In the innermost ring of the circle (see Fig.9) (corre¬ sponding to Julian calendar) the Easter Full Moon dates: 5th April, 25th March, 13th April, 2nd April, 22nd March, 10th April, 30th March, 18th April, 7th April, 27th March, 15th April, 4th April,

1524th March, 12th April, 1st April, 21st March, 9th April, 29th March and 17th April are written from the left to the right. In other rings of the circle D 1 (Fig.9) (rings each representing a period with a certain correction of the Epact under Gregorian calendar) a corresponding number of Easter Full Moon dates,

20 correctly placed in each ring, are written. The single row is formed according to the row of Easter Full Moon dates in the Julian calendar, but with correction of the various dates corresponding to correction of the Epact under the period in question in the Gregorian calendar (Fig.9).

25 The innermost ring of the movable disc (Fig.8 and Fig.l) is transparent an through the 19 areas of the ring you will be able to read the 19 Julian Easter Full Moon dates on the innermost ring of the circle on the fixed plate A behind (Fig.2 and 9). On the ring just round this transparent ring on the disc the figures 0 - 20 are

30 noted, relevantly placed, indicating for which hundred- ear(s) the date of the single area of the transparent ring is valid (Fig.8). In the rings of the disc, corresponding to the relevant Gregorian periods, there are cut-out circular windows, relevantly placed, through which you can read the Easter Full Moon dates on the

35 corresponding rings of the circle D 1 on the front plate A (Fig.l, Fig.2 and Fig.9). In front of each window it is marked to which hundred- ear the various windows are corresponding (Fig.8). Placing of windows marked with century figures in each of above mentioned rings of the disc D (Fig.8) must exactly correspond to the placing of the row of Easter Full Moon dates on the corresponding 5 ring of the circle D 1 (Fig.9 and 2). Because the 19 circle sections correspond to the 19 Golden Numbers, a turn of the disc on a circle section corresponds to going one Golden Number forward/backwards - again corresponding to going one year ahead/backwards. The disc could thus be handled by marking the

1019 circle sections with the Golden Numbers 1 - 19 and then adjust according to the Golden Number of the year in question. However, this involves that the Golden Number is firstly calculated or read in the relevant table. This can, however, be omitted totally by the following method and practical performance:

15 After 19 years the same Golden Number will occur - consequently the same Golden Number + 1 will occur after 20 years. This is the background for the fact that in the uttermost ring of the disc the figures 0 - 9 on 10 transparent windows (Fig.8) are written. The 10 figures mean last figure but one of the year. The

20 equal figures are written on the foremost half of 5 successive areas (clockwise) - likewise the unequal figures.

As two successive unequal 10-figures or two successive equal 10- figures just mean a time difference of 20 years, the correct correction for 20 years = + 1 can be made by placing such 2 figures

25 in 2 successive areas (clockwise). The two groups of areas with figures must finally be placed, so that (reckoned clockwise) there are always 10 areas' distance between an unequal/equal figure and the next equal/unequal figure corresponding to a 10-years period increase of the Golden Number by +10. This placing corrects for the

30 last figure but one in a year.

As for the last figure of the year correction is made according to 10 successive areas in the uttermost ring on the circle D 1 on the fixed plate A (Fig.2 and Fig.9). In these 10 areas the figures 0 - 9 (counter clockwise) are written on the hindmost half of the areas.

35 A turn of a circle section,corrects for the increase of the Golden Number by +1 for every year going forward - consequently this placing can correct for the change of the Golden Number within the single 10-years period. The areas with 10-figures on the disc (Fig.8) and the 1-figures on the circle (Fig.9) must of course be placed relevantly in proportion to the windows of the disc (Fig.8) and the Easter Full Moon dates on the circle (Fig.9). Now you are able to correct for a definite 2-figure year, only by turning the disc until the relevant 2-figure year appears in one of the transparent areas of this outer ring of the disc (D on Fig.8) formed by a 10-figure on the disc (Fig.8) and a 1-figure on the circle (Fig. ).

Then you can immediately read the Easter Full Moon dates in all other windows of the disc - and the markings at the single window will tell you which hundred-year the window is covering. With other words, you have immediately the Easter Full Moon date of the year wanted.

Having ascertained the Easter Full Moon date the calendar of the wanted year can be called by maximun 3 operations:

1: The plate F (Fig.6 or 13 - see also Fig.l) is placed behind the front plate C (Fig.5 and Fig.l) so the line with the relevant hundred-year is in level with the fixed marker M (Fig.5).

2: The movable plate E (Fig.3) is placed behind the front plate A (Fig.l and Fig.2) so that the Easter Sunday appears behind the Easter Full Moon date in the square of the relevant month. (Fig.l at top). 3: The movable plate E (Fig.3) is drawn downwards until the 2-figure end-figure of the year at first appears at a place in the square V 2 on Fig.l. (This correction corrects the placing of the Easter Sunday from the Easter Full Moon date until first Sunday after Easter Full Moon - with other words till the date of the Easter Sunday). Now the calendar appears correctly with weekdays and the movable Sundays and holidays.

The remaining Sundays of the year (Advent Sundays and Sundays in the time of Epiphany) are decided by the fixed holidays Christmas day and New Year's day and are marked on the front plate A (Fig.l and Fig.2) in the way that the limits of the period (1 week), where the certain Sunday might occur are marked just before the relevant dates at the squares in question on the plate A (Fig.2). The Sunday appearing in the calendar within such a limited period, is the Sunday of the ecclesiastical year, thus decided (cf. the markings of the period-limits on the section of fig. 17). The calendar vil thus show alle Sundays and holidays of the year. In a special and simplified form of the Perpetual Calendar the calendar does only show correctly placed weekdays, but in return the field of operation is always endless as from year 1 AD. In this form the disc for determining the Easter Full Moon date has been omitted. Further, the bigger of the two movable plates has been diminished, thus appearing as E 1 (Fig.12). The 14 columns at the top of the plate E 1 do now only contain a number of lines = the number of days of the single, corresponding month + 6 and the 14 columns now only are containing weekdays. Besides, the 4 columns with digits in the area at the bottom of El (Fig.12) only contain 7 + 6 lines. Finally, the dimension of the front plate A (Fig.2 and Fig.l) is correspondingly, relevantly reduced thus appearing as A 1 (Fig.11). These changes are caused by the fact that the calendar shall now only demonstrate 7 different calendars (corresponding to the 7 weekdays) against the 35 calendars, which the Perpetual Calendar must be able to demonstrate, when it should place the movable Sundays and holidays. The other parts of the calendar are identic in the two versions. The simplified calendar is adjusted on any year from year 1 AD by only two operations:

1: The movable plate F (Fig 6 and 13 - see Fig.10) is placed behind the front plate C (Fig.5 and Fig.10) so the line with the relevant hundred-figure is in level with the fixed marker M on the front plate C (Fig.5).

2: The movable plate E 1 (Fig.12) is moved behind the front plate A 1 (FiglO and Fig.11) until the 2-figure end-figure of the year in question is at first appearing at least at one place of the square V 2 on the front plate C (Fig.5 and Fig.10). Now the calendar is adjusted and appears at the top of A 1 (Fig.10). The calendar can be made of any thin and stiff material (carton, plastic, metal etc.) if only the performance is taking place with great accuracy. The material should be durable and so stiff that a bigger plate does not warp. The calendar could possibly be produced in other geometric and spatial forms. For instance, plate can be replaced by disc and the contrary, and the 2- dimensioned performance by a performance of f.i. cylinders or movable bands.

The movable plates can be displaced through cuts in the edges of the fixed plates or by a narrow extension of the plates, which in that case can be used as a kind of draught bar- or f.i. by means of gear wheels, which during turning gear into rows of teeth in the edges of the movable plates. Exact adjustment of the movable and fixed plates in proportion to each other can f.i. be secured by elastic devices of one plate gearing into grooves of the other plate, when the movable plate is placed.

Claims

P a t e n t C l a i ms

1: Perpetual Calendar for the presentation of the calendar of a certain year with correct placing of all weekdays, Sundays, and holidays both according to the Gregorian and the Julian calendar system and with a field of operation from year 1 AD until year 2899 AD. (This applying for the prototype, but the field of operation may be arbitrarily extended according to the invention) and of the nature that correction for month and date is made in the way that weekdays and possible movable Sundays and holidays in pre-calculated relevant order in 14 columns corresponding to the 12 normal months and January and February in leap years are printed on the movable plate (E; Fig.3) at the top of the plate, as you will always be able to see a section of these columns corresponding to the number of days of the single month in 14 squares cut-out in a fixed plate A in front (Fig.l and 2).

The squares are each representing one of above mentioned 14 months and they are placed so they are showing a correct section of weekdays, Sundays, and holidays colturns. In front of the squares the dates are printed and the limits for appearance of those holidays depending on the 2 fixed holidays: Christmas day and New Year's day. Furthermore of the nature where the relevant Easter Full Moon date (written in a circle (Dl;Fig.2) on a fixed plate ) can just be read for the relevant year through a window for the relevant hundred-year in a circular revolving disc (D; Fig.l and 8) placed so it is just covering the circle Dl on the plate A (Fig.2). Reading can now take place having turned the disc, presenting the 2 figure end-figure of the relevant year in a transparent window in a ring on the disc by combining a 10-figure written upon the transparent window and a 1- figure written upon the fixed plate A behind (Fig.2)- and furthermore of the nature that the correction for hundred-years is done by vertical movement of a movable plate (F;Fig.6) behind a fixed front plate (C;Fig.5)) so the relevant hundred-figure (written in one of 3 tables on the movable plate F) is placed in level with a fixed marker ( M; Fig.5 and 1) - and finally of the nature that correction for the year in the hundred-year is done by vertical movement of a movable plate (E;Fig.3) behind the beforehand adjusted plate F (Fig.6 or 13) until - through a square cut-out in the foremost front plate (V2) and through a square V5 in the fixed plate A, directly behind (Fig.2) - the 2-figure end-figure of the wanted year appearing, formed by combination of a 10-figure in one of the 4 columns in a transparent center area on the plate F (D;Fig.l3), and a 1-figure in one of the 4 columns in an area at the bottom of the plate E (Fig.3) - and the invention is c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the fact that the disc D (Fig. 8) is divided into 19 equal circle sections and a number of rings. One of the rings contains 10 transparent areas, of which 5 successive areas in first half of the areas show the equal figures clockwise and other 5 successive areas the unequal figures clockwise.These 5 + 5 areas are furthermore placed so that an equal/unequal figure follows an unequal/equal figure on the 10th following area clockwise. Out of the other rings on the disc D (Fig.8) one ring represents (in the drawing Fig.8 the innermost ring) the Julian calendar and contains 19 transparent windows - in the nearest ring the figures 0 - 20 - relevantly placed, mark the hundred-year(s) for each of these 19 windows. The other rings on the disc D (Fig.8) represent each a period with the same Epact-correction in Gregorian calendar. Each of them are in some of the areas of the single ring provided with relevantly placed windows marked with above written figures indicating which hundred- year the single window represents. Further, the circle D 1 (Fig.2 and 9) is divided like the disc D (Fig.8)) and of the same size and it contains in a ring corresponding to Julian calendar (on Fig.9 the innermost ring) relevantly placed the Julian row of Easter Full Moon dates and in the single ring (of a row), which (corresponding to the division of the disc D (Fig.8)) represents a period each with the same Epact-correction in Gregorian calendar, relevantly placed the row of Easter Full Moon dates of the period in question, and in the last ring of the circle correctly placed in proportion to the other dates of the circle 10 successive areas, in which the digits 0 - 9 are written in the last half of each area and in consecutive order counter-clockwise- further by the fact that the plate F (Fig.13) contains 3 tables with hundred-figures placed on 7 lines: One table C (Fig.13) contains Julian hundred-figures in wellknown cyclic order (cycle 700 years) and two tables refer to Gregorian calendar, as one of them (A on Fig.6) refers to all unequal thousand years and the other one (B on Fig.6) refers to all equal thousand years. Table A (Fig. 13) contains in line 2 : 200 and 600, in line 3: 100, 500 and 900, in line 5: 000, 400 and 800 and in line 7: 300 and 700. Table B (Fig. 13) contains in line 2: 000, 400 and 800, in line 3: 300 and 700, in line 5: 200 and 600, and in line 7: 100, 500 and 900. Further, the plate F (Fig. 13) contains in a tranparent center area D digits, placed in the first half of the 4 colurms each of 13 lines. The first 2 columns contain on the first 7 lines the same digits, i.e. S, 5, 1, nothing, 7, 3 and nothing. The last 2 columns contain likewise on the first 7 lines the same digits, i.e. 8, 4, 0, nothing, 6, 2, nothing. Each of the following lines contains the same digits as the line, lying 7 lines above - furthermore by the fact that an area at the bottom of plate E (Fig.3) contains figures in the hindmost part of the 4 columns of the area, each of 41 lines so that the first 7 lines contain the digits: In column 1 5, 0, 1, 7, 2, 3 and 4 2 5, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 4 3 9, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2 and 3 4 9, 4, 5, 6, 7, 2 and 8.

Each of the following lines in the single column contains the same digits as in the line 7 lines before. -

2: The Perpetual Calendar according to claim 1, but in a reduced edition only showing a calendar with correctly placed weekdays, but on the other hand the calendar has now instantly a field of operation from year 1 AD and in an endless future. The 14 columns at the top of plate E (Fig.3) now only contain a number of lines = the number of days in the single month + 6 and only weekdays, and the change is c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the way that the disc D (Fig.8 and 1) are omitted, and the area at the bottom of the plate E (Fig.3) is reduced so the 4 columns only containing 13 lines starting with the digits : 5, 5, 9 and 9 in first line as illustrated by El (Fig.12).

3: Perpetual calendar according to claim 1 and 2, c h a ra c t e ri z e d by the fact that the rows of information in lines, columns, or divided rings used in the invention, are used in the same mutual order, but with another relevant starting point for the single row or in opposite order.

4: Perpetual Calendar according to claim 1, 2 and 3, c h a ra c t e ri z e d by the fact that the calendar is built up in the way that the movable plates are moved horizontally.

5: Perpetual Calendar according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the fact that the flat 2-diπensioned design is transferred to other spatial forms as balls, rings, cylinders or movable bands.