WO1993018637A1 - Amelioration concernant des instruments de labour - Google Patents

Amelioration concernant des instruments de labour Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993018637A1
WO1993018637A1 PCT/GB1993/000464 GB9300464W WO9318637A1 WO 1993018637 A1 WO1993018637 A1 WO 1993018637A1 GB 9300464 W GB9300464 W GB 9300464W WO 9318637 A1 WO9318637 A1 WO 9318637A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
teeth
tillage element
tillage
machine according
plough
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/000464
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Douglas Temple Topham
Original Assignee
Topham Peter D T
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Topham Peter D T filed Critical Topham Peter D T
Publication of WO1993018637A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993018637A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B15/00—Elements, tools, or details of ploughs
    • A01B15/16—Discs; Scrapers for cleaning discs; Sharpening attachments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improved tillage elements and to agricultural machines, for example ploughs and harrows, embodying such tillage elements.
  • farmers are currently faced with the prospect of a complete ban on straw and stubble burning. This represents a considerable problem for arable farmers since the volume of straw produced by grain crops is far more than is required for animal bedding purposes and like uses. Moreover, the cost of transporting straw in bulk for other uses is prohibitive, even if such uses could be found. Accordingly, there is a need to incorporate the straw into the ground from which it has grown.
  • the soil inversion wheel's front and rear flat portion move the soil sideways providing a predictable and progressive rolling motion whereby the whole of the width of the inversion wheel is operating as compared with only half of the span of a conventional concave disc.
  • the inversion wheel provides, with its flat centre portion, for good soil transfer with a rolling action to bury straw and other material at the surface of the soil being worked and the peripheral edge portion of the inversion wheel provides better penetration than the edge of the curved concave disc.
  • WO 83/04158 provides a plough disc having a plurality of teeth or lugs radiating therefrom. This is an adaptation of a conventional concave disc with the consequent inability to give good soil transfer as with the use of an inversion wheel. Surprisingly, the present invention still provides good soil transfer and turning, despite the inversion wheel frustoconical flange having been replaced by a series of separate spaced teeth.
  • the present invention provides a tillage element for use in a cultivator, such as a plough, harrow or the like, which comprises a substantially flat central portion and a plurality of spaced teeth projecting from the periphery of said flat central portion, the spaced teeth being inclined out of the plane of the central portion to project to the same side of said central portion.
  • This tillage implement is an inversion wheel which, instead of having a simple frustoconical flange as referred to in my previously mentioned co-pending application, has spaced teeth projecting out of the plane of the central planar portion. This provides good penetration in all types of soil conditions with the toothed edge cutting into the soil creating a good driving action with a very good momentum.
  • a tillage element for use in a cultivator, such as a plough, harrow or the like, which comprises a substantially flat central portion and a plurality of spaced teeth projecting from the periphery of said flat central portion, the spaced teeth being inclined out of the plane of the central
  • the toothed construction provides better penetration and also provides soil pulverisation. Because of the soil pulverisation, the actual soil inversion action is provided by the substantially flat central portion of the tillage element as the soil moves across it during ploughing. With this construction, there is less tendency for soil slivers to peel off in wet conditions and the teeth themselves can be simply replaceable when worn.
  • This construction can be used either as harrow discs, as a simple rotary plough or for ploughing in combination with a leg and landslide to obtain additional penetration. A scraper can be fitted as required. The use of this toothed soil inversion wheel would have far less tendency to create a pan than conventional ploughing methods.
  • the teeth may be made convex, preferably quite strongly convex, from the root to the tip. This gives an advantage of the soil peeling away quite easily from the convex surfaces as moving over them with a strong breaking action being provided by the very abrupt transition from the central planar portion to the convex teeth portion. With this construction, there is less tendency for soil slivers to be created in wet conditions, whilst in dry and wet conditions the construction has a shattering effect whilst inverting the soil.
  • different embodiments may have teeth which are convex or concave or straight, from the root to the tip. The peripheral teeth can readily be replaceable when worn.
  • the inversion wheel could be used for simple harrowing or disc-ploughing operations, preferably it is used in a plough with a leg having a point and a landslide for additional penetration.
  • a scraper or rotational skimmer can be provided.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a machine comprising a plurality of tillage elements with those tillage elements being according to one or both of the first aspects of the invention.
  • Figure 1 compares a conventional disc with an inversion wheel type disc tillage element with a convex flange
  • Figure 2 compares a conventional disc and the inversion wheel type tillage element diagrammatically illustrating their capabilities in operation
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a modified toothed inversion wheel tillage element embodying the invention
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatic sectional view of the tillage implement of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view similar to that of Figure 3 but showing an alternative embodiment of tillage element
  • Figure 6 is a diagrammatic plan view of tilling apparatus embodying the tillage element of Figure 3 for use in a rotary plough;
  • Figure 7 is a view illustrating the manner in which an inversion wheel type tillage element can be swung between positions for left-hand and right-hand ploughing;
  • FIG 8 is a perspective view of use of the tilling apparatus shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a diagram to illustrate soil movement during use of the tilling apparatus of Figure 8;
  • Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view showing how tillage elements embodying the invention may be incorporated for use as harrows;
  • Figure 11 is a diagrammatic illustration of how a plurality of inversion wheel type tillage elements can be arranged as tilling apparatus in a plough to provide a series of side-by-side furrows
  • Figure 12 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating a tillage element as used in the apparatus of Figure 8 but having a scraper mounted in relation thereto
  • Figure 13 is a view showing the incorporation of a secondary tillage element, indicated as a conventional concave disc, further to assist in inversion of soil during use of the inversion wheel plough.
  • Figure 1 illustrates, in side elevation, a conventional concave cultivating disc 10 as may be used in a conventional disc plough, harrow or other disc tilling apparatus and beside it a tillage element 20 which is in the form of a dish or inverter wheel comprising a generally flat planar central base portion 21 and a flanged portion 22 about the periphery of the base with an abrupt transition 23 being provided between the flange portion and the central planar portion.
  • the angle of inclination of the flange portion 22 decreases progressively from its inner edge point of connection to the central planar base and its outer peripheral edge.
  • the inclination of the inner edge of the flange may be between 70 and 90", or less in some instances, it is preferably at least 80°.
  • the peripheral edge of the flange should be preferably inclined at less than 60" to the plane of the central portion and is preferably more than 20°, perhaps in the range of 30 to 45°. This shape of the flange portion makes the tillage element particularly suitable for use in heavy sticky soils.
  • the flange 22 may itself be detachably secured to the central planar portion to enable its ready replacement when worn.
  • the peripheral edge of the flange may be scalloped.
  • the tillage element 20, as can be seen in Figure 1 has a depth or width which can be half the width or less than the depth or width A of a conventional tilling disc. Whilst the smooth edge to the disc is illustrated in this Figure, for some soil conditions, in the construction of the present invention, the flange is formed as a series of spaced teeth projecting from the periphery of the central disc portion. Generally, the teeth may be straight or convexly curved as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 7 to 9 and 12 to 14. Also, apertures may be provided through the central portion to assist breaking of the soil.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the advantage of the additional width of cut which is obtainable with the inversion wheel tillage element 20 as compared with a conventional ploughing disc 10. Because of the improved efficiency, both the flange portion 22 cutting into the soil and better distribution of the soil across the tilling disc, a substantially wider cut 24 can be achieved with the tillage element 20 as compared with the narrow cut 25 obtained with the conventional tilling disc 10 under the same soil conditions.
  • the maximum angle of operation of a conventional ploughing disc or disc harrow having a penetration similar to the tillage element used in the present invention is 35°, though in many cases they cannot operate as steeply as that.
  • the tillage inversion wheel type element of the present invention can operate at very much greater angles, illustrated as 45 to 55° in Figure 2, although with a suitable construction, particularly for lighter soils, the angle could be as much as 70" although the more preferred range is 40 to 60°.
  • FIGs 3 and 4 illustrate a tillage element, embodying the invention, suitable for use with heavy wet soils, in which instead of having the continuous flange 22, a series of teeth 22' are provided around the periphery of the central disc portion. These teeth also, as shown, have a sharp transition with the outer edge of the disc to which they are attached and may be considered as lying on an imaginary frustoconical surface.
  • the teeth as shown in Figure 3 have their side edges at right angles to the peripheral edge of the central portion although these side edges may be inclined to the peripheral edge portion circumference as shown in the teeth 22" in the alternative embodiment of Figure 5. The sides of the teeth need not be parallel, one with the other.
  • they may be mutually inclined and symmetric about a radius of the disc to provide the tilling element with a similar performance regardless of the direction of rotation.
  • a wear strip 26 can be attached to the disc so as to extend adjacent the periphery of the central disc portion and at the roots of the teeth 22' in order to provide a renewable wear strip.
  • the teeth themselves are preferably detachably secured to the central portion so that they can be replaced when worn.
  • the disc itself may be replaceably detachably mounted to a backing support disc carried for rotation by the plough.
  • the central disc is planar, it may be slightly convex or concave, although necessarily still having an abrupt transition from the central portion to the roots of the teeth.
  • teeth are illustrated in Figure 3 as being substantially equal in width to the gaps in between, it should be noted that the width of the teeth and the relative width of teeth and interdigital spacing can be varied depending upon the type of soil to be tilled. Thus, for lighter or drier soils, the gap between each pair of teeth should be smaller than when one is tilling heavy or wetter soils.
  • a particularly useful arrangement for medium to lighter soils has been found to comprise a disc in which the teeth are approximately twice as wide as the gap therebetween, one particular embodiment having gaps of approximately 5 cm between teeth which are approximately 10 cm wide.
  • Figure 6 illustrates tilling apparatus in the form of part of a plough in which the tilling element 20' with its base 21 and teeth 22' is rotatably mounted on a shaft 44 which is pivoted, at 30, to a frame comprising a landslide 15 and a point 18 which projects forwardly of the leading edge of the tilling element 20' where it penetrates the grounds.
  • the pivot 30 enables the tillage element 20 to be swung between alternative positions, allowing left- or right-hand ploughing.
  • the construction of the tilling apparatus can possibly be better understood from the showing of Figure 8 where a frame comprising an upright portion 14 carries the point 18 and the rearwardly extending landslide 15.
  • a frame member not shown, will extend across from the upper end of the frame member 14 and carry the support for the pivotal connection of the shaft 44.
  • the support for the pivotal connection can, if desired, and as is preferred, be extended down to be secured to the landslide 15 in order to obtain greater rigidity.
  • the frame comprising the members 14 and 15 preferably is pivotally secured to a plough beam so as to trail from that beam when the plough is in operation.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the manner of flow of earth when being inverted by use of the tillage element provided with the flange 22 with the direction of movement of the plough being shown in this Figure, as in the others, by an arrow marked DT.
  • the soil level is shown as SL and soil can be shown as being moved initially by action of the flange 22 with the convex surface of the flange preventing removal of the soil, particularly when it is wet and sticky with the soil then being broken up and inverted as it changes direction and slides over the centre of the inversion wheel.
  • a series of inversion wheels in a plough as diagrammatically illustrated in Figure 11, it can be seen how the soil lifted and leaving the inversion wheel is dropped into the furrow which has been left by a preceding inversion wheel.
  • Figure 10 illustrates how the tillage element of the present invention may be used as a harrow.
  • the upper part of Figure 10 shows flanged tillage elements being arranged in series on a shaft to provide a harrow which is particularly effective when dragged at an angle to the direction of movement.
  • a diagrammatic illustration of a harrow provided with the toothed tillage elements Although this harrow could be used at an angle, the tooth elements are particularly effective in penetrating and in breaking up the already turned heavy soil in the parallel formation shown.
  • Figure 11 illustrates how, with the inversion wheel type tilling elements used as a plough, the earth dug out inverted by the first tillage element leaves a furrow which is filled by the earth turned over by the second tillage element and so forth.
  • Figure 12 shows how the flanged tillage element 20 can have a rearward stub mounting portion which is mounted by a bearing 41 on a non-rotatable shaft 44 with a scraper 42 mounted on the end of the shaft 44 by a bolt 43 which extends through a hole at the centre of the tillage element.
  • the scraper will remain stationary so as to ensure that any soil sticking to the tillage element will be broken away therefrom in use of the apparatus.
  • Figure 13 shows a further rotary tillage element 52, here shown as a conventional disc shape, mounted for rotation at the centre of the main tillage element 20 but at an angle thereto.
  • the further, smaller, tillage element serves to remove or invert an initial sliver of the soil surface to be buried by the main soil inversion action of the main tillage element 20.
  • Both the main and the further tillage elements have their leading edges so positioned as to follow into soil initially opened by the point 18.
  • the secondary element 52 instead of being in the form of a curved disc could also, as is preferred, be formed as an inversion wheel tillage element whether of the flanged type or toothed type embodying the invention.
  • the tillage element instead of having the further tillage element as a rotary element, a fixed plough skimmer could be used, possibly shaped as half a small ploughshare, to move the initial surface sliver.
  • the tillage element may be formed with the central portion and flanged or toothed portion being readily removable as a unit from a central hub for replacement purposes or, as indicated above, the teeth, the parts which are most subject to wear, may themselves be replaceably mounted on the central portion, with the central portion then possibly being more heavily built so that there is never any normal need to remove it from the central hub which supports it for rotation.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un élément de labour amélioré devant s'utiliser avec un cultivateur tel que charrue, herse ou instrument similaire. Il comprend une partie centrale plate (21) et plusieurs dents espacées (22') formant des saillies sur sa périphérie. Ces dents espacées (22') sont inclinées dans un même sens par rapport au plan de la partie centrale. Ces éléments de labour améliorés se prêtent particulièrement à un usage en terrain humide ou collant car ils facilitent la fragmentation du sol sans former des copeaux allongés dudit sol.
PCT/GB1993/000464 1992-03-24 1993-03-05 Amelioration concernant des instruments de labour WO1993018637A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9206370.0 1992-03-24
GB9206370A GB2265534A (en) 1992-03-24 1992-03-24 Improvements in or relating to tillage elements.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993018637A1 true WO1993018637A1 (fr) 1993-09-30

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ID=10712710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/000464 WO1993018637A1 (fr) 1992-03-24 1993-03-05 Amelioration concernant des instruments de labour

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3642193A (fr)
GB (1) GB2265534A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993018637A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994028702A1 (fr) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-22 Topham Peter D T Charrue et unite de labourage
ES2604683A1 (es) * 2015-09-08 2017-03-08 José Ramón DÍAZ SANCIDRIÁN Sistema de discos para el laboreo de precisión
US10827662B2 (en) 2018-04-05 2020-11-10 Deere & Company Disk blade with sharpened edge and relief portion and method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19628703A1 (de) * 1995-11-10 1998-01-22 Amazonen Werke Dreyer H Spuranreißer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983004158A1 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-08 Kevin Arthur Terlich Disques de charrue
AU578012B2 (en) * 1983-02-18 1988-10-13 Gordon Desmond Macartney Rotary plough with frustoconical ground-working structures
FR2646747A1 (fr) * 1989-05-02 1990-11-16 Javerlhac Jean C Disque de labour du type destine a etre monte libre en rotation sur un axe solidaire du chassis d'une charrue

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043404A (en) * 1976-01-15 1977-08-23 Deere & Company Tillage apparatus having improved cutting and drive structure
GB9023079D0 (en) * 1990-10-23 1990-12-05 Topham Peter D T Tillage implements

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983004158A1 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-08 Kevin Arthur Terlich Disques de charrue
AU578012B2 (en) * 1983-02-18 1988-10-13 Gordon Desmond Macartney Rotary plough with frustoconical ground-working structures
FR2646747A1 (fr) * 1989-05-02 1990-11-16 Javerlhac Jean C Disque de labour du type destine a etre monte libre en rotation sur un axe solidaire du chassis d'une charrue

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994028702A1 (fr) * 1993-06-04 1994-12-22 Topham Peter D T Charrue et unite de labourage
ES2604683A1 (es) * 2015-09-08 2017-03-08 José Ramón DÍAZ SANCIDRIÁN Sistema de discos para el laboreo de precisión
US10827662B2 (en) 2018-04-05 2020-11-10 Deere & Company Disk blade with sharpened edge and relief portion and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3642193A (en) 1993-10-21
GB2265534A (en) 1993-10-06
GB9206370D0 (en) 1992-05-06

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