WO1993015558A2 - Systeme de tassement d'informations - Google Patents

Systeme de tassement d'informations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015558A2
WO1993015558A2 PCT/GB1993/000210 GB9300210W WO9315558A2 WO 1993015558 A2 WO1993015558 A2 WO 1993015558A2 GB 9300210 W GB9300210 W GB 9300210W WO 9315558 A2 WO9315558 A2 WO 9315558A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
information
composite
continuous functions
functions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/000210
Other languages
English (en)
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WO1993015558A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark Terrell
Andrew Paul Lunness
Gilad Copitch
Original Assignee
Mark Terrell
Andrew Paul Lunness
Gilad Copitch
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929202133A external-priority patent/GB9202133D0/en
Application filed by Mark Terrell, Andrew Paul Lunness, Gilad Copitch filed Critical Mark Terrell
Publication of WO1993015558A2 publication Critical patent/WO1993015558A2/fr
Publication of WO1993015558A3 publication Critical patent/WO1993015558A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
    • H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M5/00—Conversion of the form of the representation of individual digits
    • H03M5/22—Conversion to or from representation by sinusoidal signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/02—Channels characterised by the type of signal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for and methods of compacting data, and also to apparatus for and method of transmitting, storing, computing with and cross-referencing this compacted data. It is particularly concerned with a system of computing devices which accepts any quantity of data from any number of sources, combines specific blocks of this data and turns the combination of blocks into a single expression which can be coded by a device for transmission or storage in a more compact form than the data originally fed into this coding device but which by reason that an algorithm has been used to perform this coding can be decoded by a decoding device to regenerate on a one-to-one basis the original data provided to the input device.
  • Another device which compacts the information further by approximate methods is particularly applicable to the. transmission and storage of graphical and acoustic information.
  • This invention comprising inter alia coding, decoding and information storage devices has particular application to the transmission, storage, recall, computation and referencing of information in which the compactness and security of the information is a requirement.
  • Examples of applications in which this is needed or is desirable include analogue and digital telephone systems including voice and data transmissions, television and radio transmission, disc and tape recordings, computers, computer networks and electrical, optical and chemical memories for the storage of information in digital or analogue form.
  • compact used in the description of this invention means that by comparison with the time period occupied by the transmission of one bit of digital information and within the frequency bandwidth required for the transmission through the particular medium more than one bit of compacted information can be passed by means of this invention.
  • Either the data is represented by a code of pulses and absence of pulses in a sequential stream, the pulses being some form of energy level above a ground value like increased voltage , a flash of light or other electro-magnetic radiation or else it is represented by puls e s whos e energy level repre sents a quantity according to a code .
  • the former is commonly understood to be digital transmission in which it is the presence or absence of the increased energy level and not its value which is the indicator of information .
  • the l att er i s c ommonly unders tood to be analogue transmission and the information content is in the value of the energy level measured above or below some stated level .
  • the information to be sent is composed of alternate ones and zeros then 1700 ones and 1700 zeros per second could be sent using just the highest frequency. If consecutive ones or zeros occurred then additional means would be needed to count those periods during which no change occurred but at which the voltage level remained well above the ground state of zero. However, this makes use of only about 2.0805 x 10 of the theoretical information carrying capacity of this channel if means are available for distinguishing every integral frequency in the band and every cycle in those frequencies separately. If other physical properties of an oscillating electrical voltage and divisions of the frequency into parts of cycles were also distinguishable then this theoretical capacity would be increased accordingly.
  • an analogue system which depends upon allocating each one of a number of frequencies within the allocated bandwidth to the representation of a specific symbol or value. Then detection of each separate frequency reveals the item of data and the rate at which it can be transmitted depends upon the time required to identify each frequency. If the devices used to send or receive the signal require a number of cycles to pass through them in order to operate then the data rate will be quite slow even if the actual time taken depends upon the number of cycles rather than being fixed at the numbers of cycles for the lower frequency.
  • Another analogue system employed to compact graphical images employs an approximating method in which expressions based upon fractal mathematics are fitted to the data which appear on a screen and it is these expressions which are transmitted or stored to reconstitute an approximation of the scene upon receipt or recall respectively . While this is sufficiently accurate for the transmission of graphical images where point by point accuracy is not es sential it is not tolerable as a method of transmitting data where every bit has to be transmitted or stored if the information is not to be corrupted . It is also a method which demands a large amount o f memory s torage and calculation for its execution so it is slow in its implementation .
  • Much of digital computing consists in comparing the physical properties stored at specific locations according to rules of logic and then storing the result, which itself generates a value for another physical property to be stored in another location. Analogue computing does the same except that the multi ⁇ valued properties at the specific locations will give rise to multi-valued results instead of one of two values.
  • Two functions of a computer to which the present invention is relevant and which devices to be described hereinafter are designed to fulfil are the ability to cross-reference data that has been stored in a memory and the related ability to recognise patterns and relationships between entities.
  • sensors which may also be memory cells containing the record of some physical quantity, are connected to a second layer of cells. Every cell of the first, sensory layer is connected to every cell of the second layer. A third layer beyond the second is likewise connected, every cell of the third layer being connected to every cell of the second layer. Some connections may be made between cells of the first and third layers.
  • the connections between the cells of the layers are changed according to the Hebb rule which dictates that the threshold of acceptance is lowered between all the connections linking the activated sensor cells of the first layer and the activated output cells of the third layer when the output agrees with the model being sensed and is raised when the output does not agree.
  • the amount by which the threshold is altered on each occasion of the model being presented during the training period is in accordance with some rules of logic determining the process.
  • the network is then trained by offering a known pattern to the sensors repeatedly until the output corresponds sufficiently accurately to the model. However, this is a protracted procedure and far exceeds the training required by most biotic neural systems which have evolved with a capacity for learning.
  • I t i s yet another ob j ec t t o provide a computing system which is able to compare the items of c ompacted inf ormation delivered to it as s ingle entities according to any desired logical rule and to deliver the result of such comparison in a similar form to devices f or transmis sion , reception , storage or further computation .
  • Devices in accordance with the invention may be used to compact information to approach the maximum theoretical capacity available in the medium that can be achieved by current technical methods .
  • the capacity of existing communication links can be greatly expanded.
  • the system of the invention allows for the comparison of complex items and patterns containing many elements of information as a single entity in one logical procedural step. This enables truly parallel processing to be achieved on a scale that can exceed this ability as it is displayed by biotic organisms , in a comparable time or faster.
  • Devices incorporating the system of the invention require a small fraction of the machinery currently necessary to achieve the same computational speed . This will reduce the cost of computer and computing . By reducing the size of the computer many more applications become feasible .
  • wil l be c apabl e of c ompl ex pattern recognition and association of memorised items out to distant values of adjacency in such short periods of time that effective responses to real time situations can be executed.
  • devices incorporating the system of the invention can convey more information than existing ones , the quality of the communication can be greatly improved or more lines of the existing quality can be catered f or at the same time .
  • This allows the introduction of , for example , high quality video telephoning and video conferencing in real time using only one line , colour facsimile transmission as the standard technique and telephone cable television transmis sion as common s ervices throughout the community over existing telephone wires or optical fibres .
  • the system of the invention can be applied to existing data compaction and compression systems to reduce the length of the transmission or the capacity of the storage required by the compaction ratio of this system as applied to the already compacted or compressed data.
  • any general body of information such as a graphical image or body of acoustical information can be conveyed or stored in a very compact state.
  • All the values of the properties measured in a single observation can be expressed by the occupation of a single cell in a structure of cells representing all possible measured values of the properties by choosing a common point of origin for all the dimensions along which each property is measured. Each measurement diverges from the common origin.
  • the occupation of a cell implies that a measurement has been made in each of the constituent dimensions of the structure of which that cell is a member .
  • Each cell of the structure can be in a state of being occupied or unoccupied and in no other state.
  • Each cell in this structure of cells can be represented by "y” as a continuous function of "x", including its directly connected modulating constants, each cell being allocated a different valued function.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle behind the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of waveforms associated with the system of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a compaction system according to the invention using an optical fibre
  • Figures 4 (A) and 4 (B ) illustrate the storage o f c ompacted inf ormation in accordance with the invention.
  • Figures 5 (A) and 5 ( B ) illustrate a cross- referencing system in accordance with the invention.
  • Table 1 shows the values of the observations expressed in binary notation: Observation
  • each curve in a graph depicting "y" against "x” for each observation would be unique.
  • the constants a,b and c in Table 2 below correspond to amplitude, frequency and phase respectively, expressed in arbitrary units.
  • the amplitude and phase shifts can be attached to distinguishable curves they can be added together with these curves to increase the amount of information that can be carried by the composite curve and hence increase the compaction ratio.
  • the only limit to the compaction that can be achieved is set by the ability of the current technology to discriminate between the difference in the pattern of voltages detected by the decoding device that the presence or absence of a constituent curve causes in the composite
  • this composite curve When this composite curve is received, or recovered from storage, it can be decomposed into its component curves by any one of several methods.
  • the first is to pass the signal to a device comprising a bank of tuned frequency filters each of which will pass preferentially a single frequency, a phase discriminator which will register its phase with respect to the start or finish of the signal or some marker within or accompanying it, and a voltmeter to measure the peak voltage with respect to the minimum voltage for that frequency or the ground voltage.
  • each frequency which is present in the transmission or store would be picked out by the respective filter and permitted to pass its energy on for analysis of phase and voltage in that channel.
  • this method suffers from various practical disadvantages which would reduce its actual• performance with regard to reliability and obtaining a high compaction ratio. These are the difficulty of obtaining a precise and stable performance from the f liters , phase discriminator and voltmeter, and the requirement of these instruments for the passage of s everal cycle s of the compo site curve bef ore the constituent pure sine curves can be detected reliably.
  • the second, preferred method relies upon high speed, short duration sampling of the composite curve and analysis of the pattern of the values of these s ample s as they are acquired with the ob j ect of determining the components of the composite curve with sufficient certainty for the purpose of the work.
  • the decoding proce s s which the decoding device would be required to execute could be of several kinds .
  • the f ive observations may take values in a block of 27 possible values as shown in Figure 1 there are 80730 possible composite curves which could be drawn . This is a small enough number for a look-up table to be used to find a solution, particularly if a compact memory store was available which allowed the comparison of the shape of the whole composite curve over the range shown in Table
  • a s ec ond embodiment o f thi s invent ion comprises coding and decoding devices which compact data being provided to the coding device as a stream of ones and zeros from such sources as a conventional computer or facsimile apparatus for transmission to adecoding devic e attached to other c onventional computing or facsimile apparatus .
  • the coding device is fitted with a counter and a sufficient memory to count off a predetermined number of digits to c orrespond to the number o f distinct continuous functions and their modulating constants each of a value to give rise to a unique curve allocated to the po s ition which wil l be taken by a digit in the predetermined block of digit s , and to store the results . Those cells occupied by a one will then contribute their unique curves to the composite curve which will be transmitted or stored while the counter and memory are made ready to accept the next block of data.
  • the thirty bits of information containing the measurements of each observation in each of the three dimensions could be translated into a single composite curve using the Tables 1 , 2 and 4 (with a supplement to Table 2 to allocate values for the last three positions in the block. Numbers 28 to 30 inclusive ) .
  • This arrangement would be known to the receiving station excepting the actual values which any five observations might take within the compass of the system.
  • a third embodiment of this invention describes the compaction of information to be sent through the medium of an optical fibre and is illustrated by Figure 3.
  • each cell of the cube depicted in Figure 1 is allocated a separate and limited spectrum of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, which may or may not be visible, and which will be transmitted as a component of the transmitted beam if the cell is occupied and will be omitted from this beam if the cell is unoccupied.
  • the composite beam of radiation is made up by shining beams 2 of electromagnetic radiation, each consisting of one of the component wavelengths, from sources 1 through an electronically controlled shutter 3 which will admit or obstruct the beam 2 according to whether the cell which it represents in the cube depicted in Figure 1 is occupied or not.
  • Those beams 2 admitted by their shutters 3 pass to another electronically controlled shutter 4 which admits or obstructs the composite beam 5 made up from all the admitted beams 2 according to when it is desired to pass a pulse of the composite radiation of beam 5 down an optical fibre 6 to a decoding device 7.
  • a decoding device 7 Where it is considered appropriate other properties may be imposed upon any one of the beams 2 such as a change in intensity or difference of polarisation of the radiation to differentiate it further from the remainder of the beams 2.
  • the incident beam 5 is passed through a dispersing device 8 such as a prism or a length of optical fibre which is not corrected for dispersion or is of uniform refractive index in its core wherein the component wavelengths become separated due to their different velocities through the transparent material of the fibre.
  • a dispersing device 8 such as a prism or a length of optical fibre which is not corrected for dispersion or is of uniform refractive index in its core wherein the component wavelengths become separated due to their different velocities through the transparent material of the fibre.
  • the dispersing device 8 casts the separated components 2 of the beam 5 upon detectors 9 which then register the fact of their illumination to a decoder 10.
  • the analytical function of a look-up table, Fourier analysis or other mathematical process is carried out automatically by the dispersing device 8 so that the component beams 2 falling upon the detectors 9 are a direct indication of which cells in the cube depicted in Figure 1 are occupied or not, leaving the decoder 10 with the task of relating the occupied cells to the dimensional values as depicted in the cube shown in this Figure 1.
  • a fourth embodiment of this invention relates to the storage of the compacted information resulting from the application of the principles set out above to data which may be obtained directly from observations or which is provided f rom s ome other s ource in conventional digital or analogue f orm . This is illustrated in Figure 4.
  • a beam 20 of electromagnetic radiation compo sed of a number o f component and separable limited and distinct spectra of wavelengths is incident upon a small domain 21 of a screen 22 .
  • a thin deposit comprising an intimate mixture of various molecules each type of which will respond to a component of the beam 2 0 by such a rearrangement of it s internal chemical bonds that the molecule changes its shape , disposition of electric charge or chemical bonds so that its response to subsequent irradiation by a specific wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is different to what it was before being irradiated by beam 20 , particularly with regard to its reflectivity, transmission or absorption of that wavelength .
  • I n thi s manner the re spons e o f the illuminated domain 21 to illumination by a beam 23 , which contains all the components of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation to which the sensitised molecules of the various types composing the mixture covering the screen 22 respond, has been changed. Only those component s of the incident beam 23 will be reflected, transmitted or absorbed, to be detected by detectors 24 , which are related to those components of the beam 1 which altered the characteristic s of spec i f ic molecul e s coating the screen 22 and in particular the domain 21 , which were sensitised. Both beams 20 and 23 can be swept across the screen 22 illuminating domains such as domain 21 sequentially. When beam 20 sweeps across the screen 22 the characteristics of the constituent molecules of the coating of the screen are set according to which components of specific wavelengths comprise beam 20 .
  • the screen 22 is of such a shape that when it is illuminated by beam 4 the reflected or transmitted components of this beam from each domain such as the domain 21 , impinge upon a different group of detectors 24 then it can be seen that if beam 23 encompasses a large part of or the whole of the screen 22 , as in Figure 4 (B ) , then all of the groups of the detectors 24 will be illuminated at once . Similarly if beam 20 likewise encompasses a large part of or the whole of the screen 22 then all the domains such as the domain 21 over the area of the screen 22 , will be sensitised. This provides a memory which can release the whole of its contents f or immediate and mas s ive parallel processing by subsequent devices .
  • the f ifth embodiment o f this invention relates to a cross-referencing device which depends upon the physical storage of the composite waveform taken by the compacted information generated by such devices as those exemplified by the first embodiment or- retained in a memory as in the fourth embodiment of this invention.
  • Cros s -ref erencing is a function of the adjacency of one event in at least one dimension to the adjacency of another event and this will vary from equality of value, indicating coincidence in that dimension, to the maximum displacement in value allowed in the portrayed dimension.
  • a waveform which can express the value of any observation or event in all its measured dimensions can be compared directly with another observation or event, the differences between them becoming immediately apparent and being an expression of their relatedness by reason of their adjacency in each of their several dimensions.
  • This facility which this invention bestows upon a computing device designed to carry out the necessary procedure, is suited to the massive parallel processing capability of the memory device as described in the fourth embodiment of this invention.
  • a source 30 of electromagnetic radiation at a number of chosen wavelengths as described in the third embodiment above illuminates a screen 31 divided into domains 32 each of which comprises or is coated with a mixture of molecules with the reflective, transmissive or absorptive properties described in the second embodiment above.
  • the composite beam of electromagnetic radiation from the source 30 is composed of those components of wavelength which describe the selected event which is to be matched for likeness or relatedness with another event or with the events held in memory.
  • the domains 33 of the screen 31 are individually controlled as described in the fourth embodiment to reflect, transmit or absorb those components of the radiation which together, as a de ⁇
  • composition of wavelengths describe an event which is to be compared for likeness or relatedness to the event represented by the radiation from the source 30, or each domain may be set to represent a different event drawn from a memory store.
  • the particular pattern of electromagnetic radiation from the source 30 illuminates the screen 31 evenly or the domains 32 in sequence.
  • Each domain 32 now set to reflect, transmit or absorb those components of any other electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths which accord with the pattern set to represent the particular event allocated to that domain 32, duly reflects, transmits or absorbs just those elements of the incident radiation from the source 30.
  • Immediately adjacent to the back of the screen 31 is an array of electromagnetic radiation detectors 33 each of which will respond to any of the wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation which may be transmitted through the screen 31 in the particular domain 32 to which the relevant detector in the array of detectors 33 is allocated.
  • the disposition of the array of detectors 33 will be such, relative to the illuminated surface of the screen 31, as to make use of the reflected radiation as it would have done of the transmitted radiation. This is shown in Figure 5(B) by the alternative dispositions of the source 30 and the array of detectors 33.
  • the relationship between the event characterised by the component wavelengths of the composite beam emitted from the source 30 and another event or events held in memory and characterised by the settings of the domains 32 in the screen 31 will be revealed by the characteristics of the radiation detected by each of the detectors of the array 33.
  • the remaining component wavelengths of the composite incident radiation from the source 30 are prevented by absorption, reflection or transmission from influencing the detectors 33.
  • the domains 32 which represent those events which are exactly the same as the event being represented by the pattern of component wavelengths in the composite beam emitted from the source 30 will reflect or transmit all of the incident beam to the detectors allocated to them in the array 33. Those which bear no resemblance will not pass on any illumination to their respective detectors. Intermediate relationships will be revealed according to the characteristics of the radiation received by the respective detectors in the array 33 and the detail of this relationship will depend upon the number of component wavelengths which the material of the screen 31 and of the domains 32 can be set to differentiate.
  • the sixth embodiment of this invention relates to the transmission and storage in memory of graphics or similar assemblies in which it is the generality of the patterns formed by the sensing devices which convey the information and which are not critically dependent upon the accuracy with which every element is portrayed for the meaning to be conveyed to the observer or observing device. This applied for instance to text readers, television pictures or recordings of speech or music.
  • a sensing device reads the physical measurements of observations and allocates a cell to each in a structure of cells as described previously in the first embodiment.
  • Each of these cells is allocated a unique modulated continuous function as in the first embodiment and these functions are combined by addition into a single composite continuous function which can be expressed as a curve on a graph in which time is plotted against some other value.
  • This composite curve is then passed to another proces sor which mathematically approximates this composite curbe over a period that equals a determined part of one cycle of the highest frequency that can be employed in transmitting or storing the information.
  • This approximation may be done by the application of algorithms describing curves which follow the composite curve sufficiently closely but which can be translated into the behaviour of electrical systems , such as sine curve s , and transmitted or stored in memory accordingly.
  • this composite curve which approximates the composite of the constituent curves of the continuous functions , it is analysed by any of the methods described in the first embodiment to reveal each of these curves .
  • the unanalys ed compos ite curve constructed f rom the approximating curves such as the sine curves to suit electrical transmission systems , may be used directly for comparison with other such curves to derive the results of comparisons without recalculation of the re spective representations of the component observations and their dimensional values .
  • This proc e s s then give s a method of executing the calculation of the interaction of large assemblies of data in parallel and a very compact form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à des dispositifs servant à tasser des données, ainsi qu'à transmettre et à mémoriser les données tassées ou à effectuer des calculs et établir des correspondances avec lesdites données. Elle s'adresse particulièrement à un système de dispositifs informatisés acceptant n'importe quelle quantité d'informations provenant de n'importe quel nombre de sources (1), combinant des blocs spécifiques de ces données et transformant la combinaison de blocs en une expression unique pouvant se coder au moyen d'un dispositif servant à leur transmission ou leur mémorisation sous une forme plus compacte que les données introduites initialement dans ledit dispositif de codage mais, étant donné qu'on a utilisé un algorithme pour effectuer ce codage, pouvant se décoder au moyen d'un dispositif de décodage (7), de façon à régénérer sur une base bi-univoque les données initiales introduites dans le dispositif d'entrée (4). Un autre dispositif tassant encore les informations au moyen de procédés approximatifs s'adresse particulièrement à la transmission et à la mémorisation d'informations graphiques et acoustiques. Cette invention comprenant des dispositifs de codage, de décodage et de mémorisation d'informations est particulièrement appropriée à la transmission, à la mémorisation, au rappel, au calcul et à la consultation d'informations pour lesquelles la compacité et la sécurité de l'information sont nécessaires. Des exemples de mise en application pour lesquels ceci est nécessaire ou souhaitable comprennent les systèmes téléphoniques analogiques et numériques, y compris les transmissions de voix et de données, la transmission télévisée et radiodiffusée, les enregistrements sur disque et sur bande, les ordinateurs, les réseaux informatisés, ainsi que les mémoires électriques, optiques ou chimiques servant à mémoriser des informations sous une forme numérique ou analogique.
PCT/GB1993/000210 1992-01-31 1993-02-01 Systeme de tassement d'informations WO1993015558A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929202133A GB9202133D0 (en) 1992-01-31 1992-01-31 Information compression and cross-referencing system
GB9202133.6 1992-01-31
GB9219563.5 1992-09-16
GB929219563A GB9219563D0 (en) 1992-01-31 1992-09-16 Information compaction system

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015558A2 true WO1993015558A2 (fr) 1993-08-05
WO1993015558A3 WO1993015558A3 (fr) 1993-10-14

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017596A1 (fr) * 1993-01-21 1994-08-04 Drakul Vasko Procede et systeme de transmission de donnees numeriques par le codage d'informations binaires sous forme d'impulsion et de decodage d'informations binaires a partir de la forme de l'impulsion
US8620647B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2013-12-31 Wiav Solutions Llc Selection of scalar quantixation (SQ) and vector quantization (VQ) for speech coding

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2505442C2 (de) * 1975-02-08 1986-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines aus einer Folge von verschiedenen Tonfrequenzen bestehenden Signals
DE3719670A1 (de) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-29 Dirr Josef Verfahren fuer die uebertragung von information, insbesondere fuer fernmeldeanlagen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2505442C2 (de) * 1975-02-08 1986-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines aus einer Folge von verschiedenen Tonfrequenzen bestehenden Signals
DE3719670A1 (de) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-29 Dirr Josef Verfahren fuer die uebertragung von information, insbesondere fuer fernmeldeanlagen

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017596A1 (fr) * 1993-01-21 1994-08-04 Drakul Vasko Procede et systeme de transmission de donnees numeriques par le codage d'informations binaires sous forme d'impulsion et de decodage d'informations binaires a partir de la forme de l'impulsion
US5583892A (en) * 1993-01-21 1996-12-10 Vasko Drakul Method and system for performing transmission of digital data by coding bit information into the shape of a pulse and decoding the bit information from the shape of the pulse
US8620647B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2013-12-31 Wiav Solutions Llc Selection of scalar quantixation (SQ) and vector quantization (VQ) for speech coding
US8635063B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2014-01-21 Wiav Solutions Llc Codebook sharing for LSF quantization
US8650028B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2014-02-11 Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. Multi-mode speech encoding system for encoding a speech signal used for selection of one of the speech encoding modes including multiple speech encoding rates
US9190066B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2015-11-17 Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. Adaptive codebook gain control for speech coding
US9269365B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2016-02-23 Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. Adaptive gain reduction for encoding a speech signal
US9401156B2 (en) 1998-09-18 2016-07-26 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Adaptive tilt compensation for synthesized speech

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AU3457093A (en) 1993-09-01
WO1993015558A3 (fr) 1993-10-14

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