WO1993010945A1 - Cle de serrage amelioree a extremite ouverte - Google Patents

Cle de serrage amelioree a extremite ouverte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993010945A1
WO1993010945A1 PCT/US1992/010262 US9210262W WO9310945A1 WO 1993010945 A1 WO1993010945 A1 WO 1993010945A1 US 9210262 W US9210262 W US 9210262W WO 9310945 A1 WO9310945 A1 WO 9310945A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wrench
cavity
contact
fastener head
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/010262
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth L. Foster
Original Assignee
Stanley-Proto Industrial Tools
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stanley-Proto Industrial Tools filed Critical Stanley-Proto Industrial Tools
Publication of WO1993010945A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993010945A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/08—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of open jaw type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to wrenches and more particularly to an improved open end wrench which applies force to the flats of a fastener head instead of the comers of the fastener head.
  • Wrenches for turning fasteners such as nuts and bolts are available in a variety of configurations, including fixed jaws, adjustable jaws, or sockets.
  • Open-end wrenches have fixed jaws at one or both ends of a handle which define a U-shaped wrench cavity for accepting the head of a fastener.
  • Th -:e wrenches are primarily designed for use with hexagonal fastener heads but may also be used with any fastener head having an equal number of faces.
  • the wrench is placed over the fastener with the flat jaws of the wrench aligned with flat surfaces on the head of the fastener, and force is exerted on the handle.
  • Each boss includes a thrust zone having a radius of curvature "R” and a pull zone having a radius of curvature “r,” wherein “R” is greater than “r.” While providing some improvement over conventional open- end wrenches, this design suffers certain disadvantages in that it is not useable with fasteners having square heads.
  • the shape of the cavity tends to force the fastener away from the wrench when a large amount of torque is applied, and the cavity exerts force primarily at the corners of the fastener head.
  • Another example of an open-end wrench designed to reduce rounding-off of the fastener comers is shown in United States Patent No. 3,242,775. While this design is intended to apply force to the flat faces or surfaces of a nut instead of the comers (Col. 2, lines 15-18), in actuality the disclosed wrench applies force at the comers of the fastener
  • the present invention advances the art by providing an improved open-end wrench which can be utilized with a variety of fastener head shapes and which reduces marring of the comers of the fastener head.
  • the present invention provides a wrench cavity for turning a fastener head having a pair of contact surfaces positioned a distance "A" apart.
  • the wrench cavity comprises a first clearance surface positioned at a rear end of the wrench cavity.
  • a pair of drive surfaces are positioned adjacent the first clearance surface.
  • an open- end wrench comprises a handle, a web area positioned adjacent to the handle, and a pair of jaws extending from opposite sides of the web to define a wrench cavity for accepting a fastener head therewithin.
  • the wrench cavity has a first concave clearance surface positioned adjacent the web area opposite the handle and a pair of convex drive surfaces positioned adjacent the first concave clearance surface.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide an improved end wrench which exerts force on the flat surfaces of a fastener head instead of the comers.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the wrench of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fastener head of a general type for which the wrench of the present invention is intended for use.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the wrench of FIG. 1 positioned about the fastener of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the wrench of FIG. 1 when force is applied to the wrench handle to turn the fastener of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the wrench of FIG. 1.
  • HG. 1 shows an open-end wrench 10 of one-piece forged steel construction.
  • the wrench 10 comprises an elongate handle 11, a web area 12, and a pair of jaws 13 and 14.
  • the handle 11 is shaped for grasping by the hand and is of conventional configuration.
  • the web area 12 is of generally crescent shape and is formed at one end of the handle 11.
  • a hole 15 is provided at the opposite end of the handle for hanging of the wrench 10 when not in use, and this opposite end is rounded for comfort.
  • the jaws 13 and 14 extend from the web area
  • the wrench cavity 16 has three sides 18, 19, and 20.
  • the sides 18 and 19 are formed by mutually facing surfaces of the jaws 13 and 14, respectively.
  • the side 20 is formed by the surface of the web area 12 opposite the handle 11 which is generally perpendicular to each of the sides 18 and 19.
  • the sides 18 and 19 are mirror images of one another and each include a convex drive surface 21, a concave clearance surface 22, and a flat guide surface 23.
  • the side 20 provides a concave clearance surface 24; it being understood that the terms "concave” and “convex” refer to the direction of curvature of the surfaces 21, 22 and 24 relative to the wrench cavity 16.
  • me fastener head 17 is generally hexagonal in shape.
  • the fastener head 17 comprises a plurality of opposed flat surfaces 25 which intersect at comers 26.
  • the flat surfaces 25 of the fastener head 17 are spaced apart by a distance or width A.
  • the fastener head 17 may comprise the head of a bolt, in which case the fastener head will be located at one end of an elongated threaded shaft.
  • the fastener head 17 may comprise a nut, in which case the fastener head will further comprise a threaded central bore.
  • fastener head will encompass both of these structures.
  • FIG. 3 shows the jaws 13, 14 of the wrench 10 placed around a fastener head 17, prior to the application of a force on the handle 11 to turn the fastener.
  • the drive surfaces 21 of the wrench jaws 13, 14 are positioned to contact the centers of opposite flat surfaces 25 of the fastener head 17 when the fastener head is received within the wrench cavity 16, thereby to transmit force to the flat surfaces 25 of the fastener head 17 for turning the fastener, as will be explained more fully below.
  • the guide surfaces 23 are used to guide the wrench cavity toward the fastener head 17 and include angled surfaces 27 to further aid in guiding the wrench onto the fastener head.
  • the clearance surfaces 21 and 24 provide clearance space between the fastener head and the wrench cavity, as will also be explained more fully below.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown the wrench cavity 16 as it is positioned relative to the fastener head 17 when a rotational force F is applied to the wrench handle 11 to turn the fastener in a counterclockwise direction.
  • each drive surface 21 contacts one of d e flat surfaces 25 at a point of contact 29. Because the wrench cavity rotates slightly relative to the fastener head upon the application of the rotational force F, each point of contact 29 is shifted slighdy relative to the midpoint of the flat surfaces 25 and the drive surfaces 21 from each point of contact 27, but remains located on the flat surface 25 of the fastener head.
  • the drive surfaces 21 do not contact any of the comers 26.
  • the clearance surfaces 22 and 24 provide sufficient clearance such that contact between the comers 26 and the clearance surfaces of the wrench cavity 16 is minimized when rotational force is applied to turn the fastener.
  • the drive surfaces are each configured to have a radius of curvature R of a dimension equal to one-half of the width A of the fastener head, as shown in FIG. 5. Further, the drive surfaces are positioned along the jaws 13 and 14 such that the distance D between the center of each drive surface and the concave clearance surface 24 at the back of the cavity 16 is also about A/2 (FIG. 5).
  • the apex of the drive surfaces 21 are spaced apart a distance M, which distance exceeds the width A of the fastener head just enough to allow the fastener head 17 to be received with the cavity 16.
  • This configuration provides a free-swing (the amount the wrench cavity rotates relative to the fastener head when force is applied to turn the fastener) of no more than about 6 degrees between each drive surface 21 and each contacted flat surface 25 at the point of contact 29.
  • the free-swing is represented by an angle B measured between the contacted flat surface 25 and a tangent 31 taken at each point of contact 29 (shown in FIG. 4).
  • the plane of each contacted flat surface 5 25 is represented by a plane 30.
  • the low free-swing provided by the novel configuration and placement of the drive surfaces 21 reduces rotation of the wrench cavity 16 relative to the fastener head 17 when rotational force is applied to the handle 11 to turn the fastener. Because of this reduced relative
  • the drive surfaces 21 of the wrench 10 are not permitted to contact the comers 26 of the fastener head 17 but instead remain in contact with the flat surfaces 25 of the fastener head.
  • the wrench of the present invention may be used to turn marred or "rounded off fastener heads and to turn fastener heads having configurations other than hexagonal.
  • the novel wrench cavity 16 also allows more

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Une clé de serrage à extrémité ouverte (10) peut être utilisée avec une variété de formes de tête de boulon et peut réduire l'usure ou l'arrondissement des angles de la tête (17) du boulon. La clé de serrage possède une cavité (16) qui reçoit la tête (17) du boulon. La cavité (16) présente des surfaces convexes (21) de prise qui ont un rayon de courbure égal à la moitié de la largeur (A) de la tête du boulon. Des surfaces de dégagement (22, 24) sont prévues adjacentes aux surfaces de prise (21) pour recevoir les angles de la tête (17) du boulon lorsqu'une force est appliquée afin de faire tourner le boulon (17).
PCT/US1992/010262 1991-11-25 1992-11-25 Cle de serrage amelioree a extremite ouverte WO1993010945A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79739391A 1991-11-25 1991-11-25
US797,393 1991-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993010945A1 true WO1993010945A1 (fr) 1993-06-10

Family

ID=25170711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1992/010262 WO1993010945A1 (fr) 1991-11-25 1992-11-25 Cle de serrage amelioree a extremite ouverte

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3228193A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993010945A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU672035B2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1996-09-19 Gary Robert Brumby Spanners

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3242775A (en) * 1965-08-11 1966-03-29 Walter F Hinkle Wrench for engaging nut flats to inhibit marring the nut
US4930378A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-06-05 David S. Colvin Wrench opening engagement surface configuration

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3242775A (en) * 1965-08-11 1966-03-29 Walter F Hinkle Wrench for engaging nut flats to inhibit marring the nut
US4930378A (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-06-05 David S. Colvin Wrench opening engagement surface configuration

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU672035B2 (en) * 1992-09-30 1996-09-19 Gary Robert Brumby Spanners

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3228193A (en) 1993-06-28

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