AU672035B2 - Spanners - Google Patents

Description

672035 A U ST RA LIA Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT

(ORIGINAL)

Regulation 3,2 0 0 0* 0**S S S *5 S 5 *5 S S S 555 .555 S. *S S. OS S. S Name of Applicant: Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: GARY ROBERT BRUMBY GARY ROBERT BRUMBY SANDERCOCKS PATENT ATTORNEYS Suite 6, 50-54 Robinson Street, DANDENONG VIC 3175

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Details of Associated Provisional Application(s): No(s): Australian Provisional Application No. PL5028/92 The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: 930928,cmsdat.179,brumbyzcap,1 la- TITLE: SPANNERS FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to spanners.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION In those industries which use nuts, bolts and threaded sleeves of hexagonal or square outer shape of diameter, across opposite flats of the hexagonal or square shape, of mm or greater, it is often found that spanners will slip and burr the apice of two adjacent flats or will not properly fit on nuts which may differ up to 5 7 mm in distance between different sets of opposite flats on a fastener.

One reason for such burring is operator misuse.

20 Another reason for burring is that for many such nuts, bolts and threaded sleeves are individually made of materials such as stainless steel, uncommon bronzes or aluminium alloys and while standards do exist for standard sizes of hexagonal shapes the Applicant has found that many hexagonal shapes, as actually made, do not conform to the standards.

In this last respect, Applicant has measured 3 inch threaded sleeves of tainless steel made for use in milk pipe lines for the milk industry and has found that the measurements between one set of two opposite flats and S: another set of two opposite flats on the same sleeve have varied by up to 7 mm.

The conventional spanner used on such nuts, bolts and sleeves is an open ended spanner having four flats of a hexagon or three flats of a square within the open end but 960627,cmsspc.087,brurnby.cln,1 2 Applicant has found such spanners too often burr or distort the apice between two adjacent flats An open-end spanner is also known, as described in W093/10945 (PCT?US92/10262) in which the spanner jaws include two opposing convex drive surfaces and a clearance concave surface at the rear of the jaws cavity behind the two convex drive surfaces. This spanner, whilst moderately successful in its application to a fastener head of a measurement across two flats of the same or very similar distance to the distance between the mid points of the two convex drive surfaces, it is inclined, by having only two drive surfaces and a clearance concave surface beyond those drive surfaces to slip over the engaged flats of the fastener head and is not successful in its application to fastener heads varying in measurement between two opposed flats of up to 7mm which variation has become acceptable in the trade and also to fastener heads which have become burred or marred due to previous misuse of conventional 20 spanners.

0 C The present iinvention is designed to overcome the problems o of the above-stated prior art in providing an open-end spanner which provides three convex drive surfaces for a 25 square fastener element and four convex drive surfaces for a hexagonal fastener element so that any slippage of the spanner around the fastener head or nut is minimised by reason of the drive surfaces of the spanner acting on the majority of flats on the fastener head or nut.

e SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides:an open ended spanner for use on hexagonal or square nuts, bolts and threaded sleeves having a diameter between opposite flats of 25 mm or more 960627,cmsspe.087,brumby.ca,2 2awherein the spanner has four driving surfaces on a substantially hexagonal orientation or three driving surfaces on a substantially square orientation and wherein all driving surfaces are of a convexedly curved arc configuration.

PREFERRED FEATURES OF THE INVENTION The spanner is preferably made for sizes of nut, bolt or sleeve being 1 inch, 1 inch, 2 inch, 2h inch, 3 inch, 4 inch and over as it is with respect to such sizes, and intermediate sizes, that the present invention has most application.

The radius of curvature will be appropriate to the size but for a 3 inch nut, the centre of the arc should be 5 7 mm 10% above the height of the ends of the arc.

20 Each of said surfaces is preferably one continuous arc but another form, which is not considered to be as efficient comprises two arcs spaced by a flat.

The spanner is preferably made of aluminium or an aluminium 25 alloy at least for reasons of lightness and resistance to corrosion; a high tensile aluminium alloy is particularly preferred.

The spanners of the present invention will find particular .0 960627,cmsspe.87,bum by.cla2 3 application in the food industry, tankers, wineries, liquid pumping, on transformers and wherever large nuts, bolts and sleeves are used.

The spanner is preferably a one piece construction.

The spanner may be made by pressing, stamping, forging or cutting or in any other suitable way. A particularly preferred manner of forming is by plasma cutting or water jet cutting.

A handle for the spanner may take any desired form. One form is a straight handle in line with the open end.

Another form has the handle offset from the open end.

A specific embodiment of a spanner in accordance with this invention will now be described by way of example with the aid of the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a plan view of a spanner in accordance with this invention.

INTEGER LIST 1. Spanner 2. Handle S3. Aperture 6. Surface 7, Surface 8. Surface 9. Surface 21. Point 22. Point 23. Point 930928,cmsspe.076,brumbycap,3 4 DETAILED DESCRIPTION WITH RESPECT TO THE DRAWINGS In Figure 1 is shown a spanner 1 having a handle 2 and an aperture 3 by means of which the handle may be hung from a hook.

The spanner 1 is an open ended spanner having four surfaces, 6, 7, 8 and 9 for engagement with an hexagonal nut.

It is to be noted that the surfaces 6, 7, 8 and 9 are convexedly curved.

The radius of curvature is about 90 5% of the nominal 15 diameter between opposite flats of the nut with which the spanner is to be used.

0e a** For a 3 inch nut, the height of the spanner at the point 21 as compared to the points 22 and 23 is from 5 7 mm.

The following table sets out preferred dimensions for differing nut sizes.

°o 930928,cmsspc.076,brumbyzap,4 5 Table Nominal 1" 1" 2" 2 3" 4" Nut Size Angle 300 30° 30° 30° 300 300 Theta Angle Phi 600 600 600 600 600 600 D1 53.50 68.50 81.00 94.50 107.50 131.50 +0.00 +0.00 +0.00 +0.00 +0.00 +0.00 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 -0.40 D2 29.41 25.42 25.02 28.46 34.84 D3 7.86 7.44 12.92 14.70 18.00 D4 3.82 16.86 23.60 30.92 35.17 43.05 D5 17.32 21.20 24.52 28.12 31.99 39.16 D6 86.58 105.52 118.53 126.47 145.31 177.93 D7 67.30 77.66 87.99 88.46 98.77 120.89 R1 75.53 96.30 114.05 133.31 151.66 185.63 R2 48.76 62.17 73.63 86.06 97.91 119.84 R3 4.25 5.50 6.50 7.50 8.50 10.50 R4 1.50 2.00 2.25 2.50 4.00 5.00 70.00 75.00 87.90 100.00 122.40 R6 43.95 43.95 43.95 43.95 50.00 61.20 R7 50.00 60.00 70.00 70.00 80.00 97.92

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Various of the above dimensions are less important than other dimensions. The more important dimensions may generally vary by The above described spanner has been found to be useful in dealing with large nuts and has been found to be able to undo those nuts without undue burring of apices.

The claims and drawings form part of the disclosure of this specification.

30928mse.76,bmbcap.5 -6 Finally it is to be understood that various alterations, modifications and or additions may be incorporated into the various constructions and arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit and ambit of the invention.

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Claims (5)

1. An open ended spanner for use on hexagonal or square nuts, bolts and threaded sleeves having a measurement between opposite flats of 25 mm or more wherein the spanner has four driving surfaces on a substantially hexagonal orientation or three driving surfaces on a substantially square orientation and wherein all driving surfaces are of a convexedly curved arc configuration.

2. An open ended spanner as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of the arcs is about 90% of the spacing apart of the arcs at their closest proximity.

3. An open ended spanner as claimed in Claim 1, wherein 20 the radius of curvature of the arcs is about 90% 3% of the spacing apart of the arcs at their closest proximity. S.

4. An open ended spanner as claimed in Claim 1, wherein 25 each of said surfaces is one continuous arc.

5. An open ended spanner substantially as hereinbefore S..described with reference to the accompanying drawing. Dated this 27th day of June, 1996 C SANDERCOCKS PATENT ATTORNEYS PATENT ATTORNEYS FOR GARY ROBERT BRUMBY 960627,cmsspe.087,bnimbyca,7 I _b 8 ABSTRACT An open ended spanner for use on hexagonal or square nuts, bolts and threaded sleeves having a measurement between opposite flats of 25 mm or more wherein the spanner has four driving surfaces on a substantially hexagonal orientation or three driving surfaces on a substantially square orientation and wherein all driving surface are of a convexedly curved arc configuration. **e e 960627,cmsspc.087,brumbycIa,8