WO1992022555A1 - Derives de paraherquamide, precurseur de ces derives, procedes de preparation, microorganisme utilise et utilisation de ces derives comme agents parasiticides - Google Patents

Derives de paraherquamide, precurseur de ces derives, procedes de preparation, microorganisme utilise et utilisation de ces derives comme agents parasiticides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992022555A1
WO1992022555A1 PCT/GB1991/000971 GB9100971W WO9222555A1 WO 1992022555 A1 WO1992022555 A1 WO 1992022555A1 GB 9100971 W GB9100971 W GB 9100971W WO 9222555 A1 WO9222555 A1 WO 9222555A1
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Prior art keywords
compound
formula
bond
derivative
fractions
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PCT/GB1991/000971
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English (en)
Inventor
Rhona Mary Banks
Simon Edward Blanchflower
Christopher Reading
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Beecham Group Plc
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Priority to PCT/GB1991/000971 priority Critical patent/WO1992022555A1/fr
Publication of WO1992022555A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992022555A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
    • C12P17/18—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • C12R2001/80—Penicillium

Definitions

  • Paraherquamlde derivatives precursor there of processes for their preparation, microorganism used and their use as antiparasitic agents
  • the present invention relates to a novel microorganism and to parasiticidal compounds obtainable therefrom and
  • marcfortines Compounds known as marcfortines are disclosed by Polonsky et al in J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Comm (1980) pp 601-602 (marcfortine A) and Tet. Letters (1981) Vol 22 pp 1977-1980 (marcfortine B and C). The compounds are metabolites of the fungus
  • Structurally related to the marcfortines is a compound known as paraherguamide, disclosed by Yamazaki et al in Tet.
  • Paraherguamide is a metabolite of the fungus Penicillium paraherguei. Also disclosed is its dihydro derivative, obtained by catalytic hydrogenation.
  • US-A-4866060 describes the use of marcofortines A, B, C as anti-parasitic agents.
  • US-A-4923867 discloses derivatives of the marcfortines and their use as antiparasitic agents.
  • EP-A-0301742 describes the use of paraherguamide and
  • EP-A- 0322937, EP-A-0354615 and EP-A-0390532 disclose derivatives of paraherguamide and their use as antiparasitic agents.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides Penicillium sp. IMI 332995, or a mutant thereof, more particularly in
  • a second aspect of the invention provides compounds of formula (I) :
  • X is oxygen or a bond
  • Y is a single bond or a double bond
  • R 1 is hydrogen or methyl
  • R 2 is hydrogen or hydroxy
  • n is 0 or 1; but excluding paraherguamide and dihydroparaherquamide.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a compound of formula (II) :
  • paraherguamide and may be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of paraherquamide or
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a marcfortine or paraherquamide derivative of partial formula (III):
  • R and R are selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkenyl, C 1-6 alkenyl-C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkynyl-C 1-6 alkoxy, C 1-6 alkanoyloxy, poly C 1-6 alkoxy-C 1-6 alkoxy, phenyl, phenyl-C 1-6 alkyl, tri-C 1-6 alkylsilyloxy,
  • R 5 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl.
  • this aspect of the invention provides an N(12) oxide of a marcfortine or parherguamide or a derivative thereof (when the usual numbering for these compounds is used). Substitution at other positions is optional, but in the partial formula preferably occurs on the carbon atom at position 14, or the amide nitrogen atom.
  • the marcfortine derivative may be any of those disclosed in US-A-4923867, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the paraherguamide derivative may be any of those disclosed in EP-A-0301742, EP-A-0322937, EP-A-0354615 or EP-A-0390532, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the preferred N(12) oxide is VM55596, the N (12) oxide of paraherquamide itself.
  • the compound of formula (II) in which P is 0 (VM55599) is also obtainable as a metabolite of IMI 332995.
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a process for the production of compounds of formula (I) or formula (II), or a derivative thereof, which comprises cultivating Penicillium sp. IMI 332995, or a mutant thereof, and subseguently isolating the compound or derivative thereof from the culture.
  • the present invention also provides a process for the production of a compound of the invention or a derivative thereof, which comprises cultivating a producing
  • the present invention furthermore provides a process for the preparation of a compound of the invention or derivative thereof, which comprises chromatographically separating the compound or derivative thereof from a solution thereof in admixture with other substances into a fraction comprising the compound or derivative thereof and other fractions.
  • 'cultivation' means the deliberate aerobic growth of an organism in the presence of assimilable sources of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and mineral salts. Such aerobic growth may take place in a solid or semi-solid nutritive medium, or in a liquid medium in which the nutrients are dissolved or suspended. The cultivation may take place on an aerobic surface or by submerged culture.
  • the nutritive medium may be composed of complex nutrients or may be chemically defined.
  • suitable microorganisms for use in the cultivation process according to the invention for the production of VM 55595 and/or VM 55596 and/or VM 55599 include strains of fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium that are capable of elaborating compounds according to the invention. It has further been found that Penicillium sp. IMI 332995, which has been isolated from soil, and also mutants and natural variants thereof, is particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • the term 'mutant' as used herein includes any mutant strain which arises spontaneously or through the effect of an external agent whether that agent is applied deliberately or otherwise. Suitable methods of producing mutant strains include those outlined by H.I.Adler in 'Techniques for the Development of Micro- organisms' in ''Radiation and
  • Radioisotopes for Industrial Microorganisms'' Proceedings of a Symposium, Vienna, 1973, page 241, International Atomic Energy Authority, and these include:
  • Ionizing radiation e.g. X-rays and ⁇ -rays
  • a photosensitizing agent e.g. 8-methoxypsoralen
  • nitrous acid hydroxylamine
  • pyrimidine base analogues e.g. 5-bromouracil
  • acridines alkylating agents (e.g. mustard gas, ethyl-methane sulphonate), hydrogen peroxide, phenols, formaldehyde, nitrosoguanidine, heat, and
  • Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 is believed to comprise a
  • Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 The characteristics of Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 were as follows:
  • Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 had produced colonies which were 20-30mm diameter. Margins of the colonies were low and velutinous, central areas were floccose; mycelium was mostly white in peripheral areas, at the centres yellow green to grey green. A yellow exudate was produced over the colony; reverse colour of colony was yellow brown. Conidiophores were borne from subsurface or surface hyphae, stipes 100-300 ⁇ 2.2-3.0 ⁇ m, smooth walled,
  • Metulae were usually of uniform length (12-18 ⁇ 2.2-2.5 ⁇ m), phialides were in compact verticils of 8-12, ampulliform usually with short collula; conidia were spheroidal to subspheroidal, 2.2-3.0 ⁇ m diam, with walls smooth or finely roughened, typically borne in long well defined columns, one per metula.
  • the fermentation medium for cultivating the producing organism may be solid, semisolid or liquid and suitably contains sources of assimilable carbon and assimilable nitrogen together with inorganic salts.
  • suitable sources of nitrogen include yeast extract, soybean flour, meat extract, cottonseed flour, malt, distillers dried solubles, amino acids, protein hydrolysates and ammonium and nitrate
  • Suitable carbon sources include glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and glycerol.
  • the culture medium also includes alkali metal ions (for example,
  • the cultivation may suitably be effected at a temperature of about 20 to 35°C, advantageously 27 to 28°C, and the culture may suitably be harvested after 2 to 35 days, advantageously about 5 to 20 days, after the initiation of fermentation in order to give an optimum yield of the desired compound.
  • the desired compound or derivative thereof may then be isolated from the culture medium and worked up and purified using conventional techniques.
  • the desired product may be obtained from either the mycelial growth or from the culture medium.
  • the first isolation step may involve the separation of the mycelium from the culture medium by, for example, filtration or centrifugation of fermentation broth, to give a clarified culture filtrate and solid material.
  • the whole medium including the mycelium can be extracted directly.
  • the extract may contain additional substances, and therefore chromatographic separation may result in a plurality of fractions, of which the desired fraction or fractions is or are the fraction(s) comprising the desired compound or a derivative thereof.
  • the desired fraction(s) may readily be identified in a routine manner by testing for anthelmintic activity and/or by monitoring each fraction chromatographically.
  • the desired fraction(s) is/are that/those identified by such procedures as containing the desired compound or a
  • chromatographic separation may be carried out in a routine manner.
  • the fractions containing the desired compound or a derivative thereof may be combined and then subjected to further purification steps.
  • the expression 'fraction consisting essentially of the desired compound or a derivative thereof means a fraction containing the desired compound or a derivative thereof as the sole component present in that fraction, or as the major component (whether other components are active or are inactive impurities) present in that fraction.
  • major component' means the component that is present in the greatest amount relative to other individual components (exclusive of solvent).
  • major component is present in an amount greater than the sum of the amounts of all other components (excluding solvent).
  • the major component is present in an amount of at least 60%, advantageously at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, especially from 90% to 100%, by weight, relative to the total amount of active material, or relative to the total amount of material whether active or inactive
  • the compounds of formula (I) are produced in admixture with one another, so that fractions may be obtained which consist essentially of a mixture of two or more compounds of formula (I). It has been found convenient to carry out chromatographic separation using HPLC. Two or more chromatographic
  • VM 55596 may be
  • aromatic peracid in a non-polar solvent is used, since the reaction may usually be carried out at room temperature.
  • Suitable aromatic peracids include perbenzoic acid, chloroperbenzoic acid perphthalic acid.
  • the reaction is carried out in chloroform using m-chloroperbenzoic acid.
  • non-aromatic peracids peracetic acid is the most common reagent, but is less suitable in view of the more adverse conditions, such as heating the heterocyclic compound with glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide at temperatures from 20 to 90°C.
  • metabolites of IMI 332995 may be prepared by chemical modification of compounds that are obtainable as metabolites, using substitution techniques that are well known in organic chemistry, for example for a alkylation of amide nitrogens.
  • the dihydro derivatives of the compounds of formula (I) (where Y is a single bond) may be prepared from the
  • the compound or mixture of compounds according to the invention is suitably provided in substantially pure form, for example at least 50% pure, suitably at least 60% pure, advantageously at least 75% pure, preferably at least 85% pure, more preferably at least 95% pure, especially at least 98% pure, all percentages being calculated as weight/weight.
  • An impure or less pure form of a compound according to the invention may, for example, be used in the preparation of a more pure form of the same compound or of a related compound (for example a corresponding derivative) suitable for pharmaceutical use.
  • the compounds of the invention have parasiticidal
  • the present invention also provides a compound according to the invention, for use in the treatment of the human or animal body, especially for treating endo- and ectoparasitic infestations and particularly for treating helminthiasis of domestic and farm animals.
  • helminthiasis encompasses those diseases of man and animals caused by infestation with parasitic worms such as Strongyles, Ascarids, hookworms lungworms, filarial worms, whipworms, and liver flukes.
  • parasitic worms such as Strongyles, Ascarids, hookworms lungworms, filarial worms, whipworms, and liver flukes.
  • the compound may also be used against nematodes occurring in the soil or parasitic to plants.
  • the compounds of the invention are also active against
  • the phylum Arthropoda comprises insects - such as biting flies, lice, bugs, beetles and fleas - and
  • arachnids - such as mites and ticks.
  • a broad aspect of the invention provides a method of eradicating arthropod or nematode infestations, which method comprises applying a compound according to the invention or a derivative thereof to the arthropods or nematodes or to their environment.
  • the present invention thus provides a pesticidal composition comprising a compound according to the invention or a derivative thereof together with a suitable carrier or excipient, such as an aerosol formulation.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical or veterinary composition comprising a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof together with a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable carrier or excipient.
  • the present invention also provides a method of treatment or prophylaxis of endo- and ectoparasitic infestations, especially helminthiasis, of animals, especially humans and domesticated mammals, which comprises administering an effective non-toxic amount of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, or a composition according to the invention, to a patient in need thereof.
  • composition according to the invention may be formulated for administration in any convenient way for use in human or veterinary medicine, by analogy with other anthelmintics.
  • the drug may be administered to animals orally (as a paste, drench, bolus, capsule or tablet), parenterally, percutaneously, as a food additive (eg granules, pellets or powder), or may be prepared as an aerosol spray formulation.
  • the compounds of the invention may be formulated as a mixture with each other and/or with other anthelmintics, insecticides, acaricides or other pharmacologically active substances.
  • composition consists of sufficient material to provide a dose of from 0.01 to 50mg of active ingredient per kg of animal body weight per dose, more suitably 0.1 to 10mg/kg per dose.
  • composition according to the invention may suitably contain from 0.001 to 99% by weight of the compound
  • the crude fermentation broth may be administered, for example by incorporating the freeze-dried fermentation broth into the feed of the animal. It will be appreciated that, in some cases, it will be advisable to repeat the dosing of the infected or
  • a conidial suspension of Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 was prepared in phosphate buffered saline containing 10% glycerol and 1% Tween 80 (PBSGT) from a well grown potato dextrose agar * plate culture.
  • PBSGT phosphate buffered saline containing 10% glycerol and 1% Tween 80
  • the primary purification was by preparative reverse phase HPLC (Dynamax - 60A C-18 column 41.4 ⁇ 250mm, Rainin
  • VM 54159 and VM 55594 eluted as adjacent peaks (43-44 mins and 45-49 mins respectively) being distinguished on the basis of UV ⁇ max of the spectral scans (VM 54159 ⁇ max 226nm, VM 55594 ⁇ max 244nm).
  • VM55595 eluted as a discrete peak at 59-65 mins ( ⁇ max 244nm) obtained after evaporation of solvent.
  • Example 1 Culture IMI 332995, grown for 24 days on 10L Czapek Dox agar (Example 1), was harvested into acetone and extracted into chloroform, as described in Example 1, to produce 5.1 g of extract.
  • TPP triphenylphosphene
  • a conidial suspension of Penicillium sp. IMI 332995 was prepared in phosphate buffered saline containing 10%
  • glycerol and 1% Tween 80 from a well grown culture on a potato dextrose agar (Oxoid Ltd. Basingstoke, UK) plate. 2-3mls of suspension were spread onto Czapek Dox agar plates and incubated at 28°C.
  • the acetone was evaporated under vacuum yielding an agueous residue which was then extracted, four times, each with 2.5 volumes of chloroform.
  • the organic phase was separated and evaporated under vacuum to leave 3.64 g and 11.15 g of yellow oil from the two batches, which were then combined.
  • the combined extract was suspended in approximately 200 ml of methanol which caused a white precipitate to form. This was filtered off and rinsed with 50 ml of methanol.
  • the precipitated material was resuspended in approximately
  • the sample was suspended in 50 ml of 7:3 methanol/water and applied to the top of the column which was then eluted as follows, 500 ml fractions were collected throughout.
  • composition was as follows: 0-18 min Isocratic, 98:2 hexane/propan-2-ol; 18-88 min linear gradient 98:2 to
  • the product VM 55599 was characterized as follows:-
  • Mass spectrometry (E1 and FAB) indicated a molecular weight of 349.

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Abstract

On prépare des composés apparentés au paraherquamide de la formule (I) en produisant une culture de Penicillium sp. Imi 332995. Un procédé de préparation par synthèse d'oxydes-N de paraherquamide de la formule (I) et de la formule (III) est aussi décrit, ainsi qu'un composé de la formule (II) dont on pense qu'il est un bio-précurseur de paraherquamide.
PCT/GB1991/000971 1991-06-17 1991-06-17 Derives de paraherquamide, precurseur de ces derives, procedes de preparation, microorganisme utilise et utilisation de ces derives comme agents parasiticides WO1992022555A1 (fr)

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PCT/GB1991/000971 WO1992022555A1 (fr) 1991-06-17 1991-06-17 Derives de paraherquamide, precurseur de ces derives, procedes de preparation, microorganisme utilise et utilisation de ces derives comme agents parasiticides

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PCT/GB1991/000971 WO1992022555A1 (fr) 1991-06-17 1991-06-17 Derives de paraherquamide, precurseur de ces derives, procedes de preparation, microorganisme utilise et utilisation de ces derives comme agents parasiticides

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Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994029319A1 (fr) * 1993-06-16 1994-12-22 The Upjohn Company Marcfortines a substitution en position 14 et derives utiles comme agents anti-parasitaires
US5703078A (en) * 1995-07-21 1997-12-30 Pharmacia & Upjohn Company Antiparasitic marcfortines and paraherquamides
WO1998009971A1 (fr) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Pharmacia & Upjohn Company 25-methylene et 24,25-epoxy marcfortines et paraherquamides
WO1998021211A1 (fr) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-22 Pharmacia & Upjohn Company Marcfortines et paraherquamides substitues en position 1 et 2 utilises comme antiparasitaires
US5756758A (en) * 1993-06-11 1998-05-26 Gesellschaft Fur Biotechnologische Forschung Mbh Igbf) Peptide intermediates
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