WO1992018715A1 - Structures porteuses - Google Patents

Structures porteuses Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992018715A1
WO1992018715A1 PCT/GB1992/000488 GB9200488W WO9218715A1 WO 1992018715 A1 WO1992018715 A1 WO 1992018715A1 GB 9200488 W GB9200488 W GB 9200488W WO 9218715 A1 WO9218715 A1 WO 9218715A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connector
frame
components
frame components
mounting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/000488
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James Bury
Christopher Stott
Original Assignee
Lk Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lk Limited filed Critical Lk Limited
Publication of WO1992018715A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992018715A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1909—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central cylindrical connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1918—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with connecting nodes having flat radial connecting surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E04B2001/1972—Welded or glued connection

Definitions

  • This invention concerns frame structures, and relates in particular to structures exhibiting minimal changes in size and shape under conditions of varying temperature and humidity, such as are suitable for use in high accuracy co-ordinate measuring machines, machine tools and the like.
  • Co-ordinate measuring machines require frameworks, for example in the form of space frames, which remain substantially rigid both under conditions of accele ⁇ ration and when subjected to changes in temperature and humidity.
  • the material used in constructing the frame components may therefore be chosen to have a low mass density and a high modulus of elasticity (to resist accelerat ional forces and minimise any deflection), and low coefficients of thermal and of hygro (humidity- induced) expansion.
  • the materials which may be used include carbon fibre reinforced plastics, which possess all the required properties, albeit only in the direction of the fibres. In directions normal to the fibres such materials have poor stiffness, and exhibit relatively high hygrothermal expansion.
  • the structure must be adapted so that the material is used unidi rect iona_ 1 y , with changes in shape and dimension normal to the fibres being of little practical consequence.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a connector which both confers on the frame structure the necessary properties of stiffness and stability just described and is relatively simple to manufacture.
  • hygro-thermal deflection appearing in this specification is used to designate changes in size, shape and/or spatial arrangement induced by changes in humidity and/or temperature, and related expressions are to be interpreted accordingly.
  • a connector for use in a frame structure, the connector being formed of an isotropic material, and having means for mounting each of a plurality of frame components thereon with the longitudinal axes of the components intersecting at a common point, the mounting means being adapted for mounting the frame components in a manner whereby the effect on the frame structure of hygro-thermal deflection of any or all of the frame components is minimised.
  • the mounting means may comprise a plurality of sockets on the connector into each of which may be inserted an end of a respective frame component. At least two of the sockets may be axially aligned whereby to constitute a through passage on the connector.
  • the connector may be provided on the connector at least one aperture directly opposite a respective socket whereby a frame component can be inserted into the socket from either side of the connector.
  • the mounting means comprises a socket defining a passage through the connector and a plurality of outwardly directed flanges on the connector providing for the mounting thereon of a respective end of each of a plurality of frame components.
  • the position of the frame components may be initially adjusted relative to the connector before being secured thereto.
  • the mounting means comprises a plurality of interconnected substanti ⁇ ally planar mounting plates for mounting a respective end of each of a plurality of frame components.
  • a frame structure comprising a plurality of frame components and at least one connector as defined in any of the preceding six paragraphs.
  • the frame components and the sockets are axially symmetrical.
  • the frame components are each constructed from a carbon fibre composite material.
  • the carbon fibres may be oriented parallel to the longitudi ⁇ nal axis of the respective frame component.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of part of a frame structure utilising a first embodiment of a connector according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a second embodiment of connector
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic perspective view of part of a frame structure incorporating a third embodiment of connector according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of connector
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of a frame structure according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a section on line F-F in Fig. 5.
  • a space frame structure comprises a plurality of generally cylindrical hollow frame components 10 each constructed of carbon fibre reinforced plastics so that the fibres lie parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame component.
  • the frame components 10 are interconnected at a nodal joint by way of a connector 11, which is formed from an isotropic material having a minimal coefficient of hygro-thermal expansion, such as one of those nickel-iron alloys sold under the name Invar.
  • the connector 11 provides four sockets 12 of substantially circular cross-section, such that an end of each frame component 10 may be mounted on the connector 11 by insertion into a respective socket 12.
  • the frame components 10 may be mechanically secured within the sockets 12, for example by clamping; alterna ⁇ tively they may be bonded therein by means of a suitable adhesive such as an epoxy resin.
  • the sockets 12 are so positioned on the connector 11 that when the frame components 10 are mounted thereon the respective longi ⁇ tudinal axes of the frame components intersect at a common point , as identified by the letter X in Fig. 1.
  • Two of the sockets 12 are axially aligned to constitute a through passage on the connector 11.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an arrangement similar to that of Fig. 1, and corresponding parts are identified by the reference numerals used previously.
  • the connector shown in Fig. 2 has formed therein an aperture 13 directly opposite an angled socket 12a such that, during assembly of the frame structure, a frame component 10a may be incorporated into the structure either by insertion into the socket 12a directly to the position shown in Fig. 2, or by insertion through the aperture 13 and the body of the connector 11 into the socket 12a, and thus in the reverse direction. It is thus possible to utilise on the connector socket configurations into which it would otherwise be difficult or impossible to insert the final frame components during assembly of the frame structure.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an alternative form of connec ⁇ tor 14 adapted for use with one tubular frame component 15 and a plurality of further frame components 30, at least one end of each of which comprises a pair of spa ⁇ ced parallel and substantially planar bars 16, 17.
  • the components 30 are formed from carbon fibre reinforced plastics with the fibres parallel to the longitudinal axes of the bars.
  • the connector 14 incorporates a socket 21 of gen ⁇ erally circular cross-section which provides a through passage on the connector 14, together with outwardly directed radial flanges 18, 19, 20.
  • the frame component 15 which, in use, represents the most highly loaded or stressed component of those shown, extends through the socket 21, and may be secured thereto in any convenient manner, for example by clamping or with a suitable adhesive.
  • the remaining frame components 30 are mounted on the connector 14 by attaching each pair of plates 16, 17 to respective sides of one of the flanges 18, 19, 20.
  • the bars 16, 17 may initially be pivotally mounted on the flanges 18, 19, 20 such that the relative position of each frame component may be adjusted until the longitudinal axes intersect at the common point X. Thereafter the respective joints may be fixedly secured, for example by means of pins 22 and a suitable adhesive.
  • the connector 14 may therefore be manufactured without compound angle machining, and so may be produced relatively inexpensively.
  • a further alternative form of connector 25 (Fig. 4) is suitable for mounting a plurality of the frame components 30.
  • the connector 25 comprises a substant ⁇ ially circular plate 23 of an isotropic material such as Invar having a further plate 24 projecting at a right angle therefrom.
  • the bars 16, 17 of each respective frame component 30 may be mounted around the plate 23 and on the plate 24 as described hereinbefore with reference to the mounting of frame components 30 on flanges 18, 19, 20 in Fig. 3.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a further frame structure according to the invention.
  • the structure comprises tubular hollow frame components 50 formed from a carbon fibre reinforced plastics material.
  • the fibres of the material are orientated to lie parallel to the longitudinal axes of the frame components.
  • Other frame components 52 comprise pairs of spaced parallel and substantially planar bars, again formed from a carbon fibre reinforced plastics material with the fibres parallel to the longitudinal axes of the bars.
  • the frame components 50, 52 are mounted on appropriate connectors, for example as indicated at 54, 56, 58, each constructed in a generally similar manner to that of the connector of Fig. 3.
  • Each connector is formed from an isotropic material having a minimal coefficient of hygro thermal expansion.
  • the frame components 10 and sockets 12 are axially symmetrical, so that any hygro-thermal expansion of the frame components in directions normal to the fibres, and thus to the longitudinal axis, will be resisted by the sockets.
  • the connector itself is formed of an isotropic material such that any expansion or contraction will occur equally in all directions.
  • the thickness of the connector walls may be relatively large compared to the thickness of the walls of the frame components.
  • the construction of the connector permits hygro-thermal expansion of the bars of the frame components to occur, but only where this will be of no practical consequence to the overall shape and size of the frame structure.
  • the connector and the frame components may be made from materials other than those described, and the frame components may be secured within the sockets or fixed to the flanges or plates by any suit ⁇ able method.
  • the number and arrangement of sockets and flanges and connecting plates may be other than that described and shown, depending upon the requirements of the particular frame structure.

Abstract

Structure porteuse tridimensionnelle, destinée notamment aux machines de mesure de coordonnées à grande précision. Elle est formée d'une pluralité d'éléments creux (10) comportant des fibres unidirectionnelles et parallèles aux axes longitudinaux des éléments respectifs (10). Un raccord (11) en matériau isotrope possède des douilles (12) dans lesquelles s'emboîtent et se fixent de manière mécanique les extrémités d'éléments respectifs (10), la disposition des douilles étant telle que les axes longitudinaux respectifs des éléments se rencontrent dans un même point. Cette structure réfrène et/ou minimise les effects de la flexion hygrothermique sur les éléments de la structure porteuse.
PCT/GB1992/000488 1991-04-19 1992-03-16 Structures porteuses WO1992018715A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB919108420A GB9108420D0 (en) 1991-04-19 1991-04-19 Frame structures
GB9108420.2 1991-04-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992018715A1 true WO1992018715A1 (fr) 1992-10-29

Family

ID=10693592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/000488 WO1992018715A1 (fr) 1991-04-19 1992-03-16 Structures porteuses

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0583249A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9108420D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992018715A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000022248A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Technitube Access Engineering Ltd. Procede et appareil destines a une structure de cadre en trois dimensions
EP2318620A1 (fr) * 2008-07-09 2011-05-11 Skyfuel, Inc. Connecteur de structure spatiale
WO2011070180A1 (fr) * 2009-12-07 2011-06-16 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Module de capteur solaire
EP2123834B1 (fr) * 2006-09-22 2018-02-28 Gossamer Space Frames Connecteur pour cadres d'espace

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1554634A (fr) * 1967-06-08 1969-01-24
FR2063780A5 (fr) * 1969-10-31 1971-07-09 Planes Gerard
FR2459331A1 (fr) * 1979-06-15 1981-01-09 Pozzi Michel Procede et dispositif d'assemblage pour elements de construction
DE3002938A1 (de) * 1980-01-28 1981-07-30 Statní výzkumný ústav ochrany materialu G.V. Akimova, Praha Anordnung zum messen und registrieren von laengenaederungen eines laenglichen musters bei elektrochemischen prozessen
DE3420521A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-05 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Fachwerk-knotenpunktverbindung
EP0301988A1 (fr) * 1987-07-27 1989-02-01 Bator S.A. Dispositif d'assemblage de deux arbalétriers de ferme entre eux, au niveau du faîtage, pour la réalisation de charpentes et de structures

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1554634A (fr) * 1967-06-08 1969-01-24
FR2063780A5 (fr) * 1969-10-31 1971-07-09 Planes Gerard
FR2459331A1 (fr) * 1979-06-15 1981-01-09 Pozzi Michel Procede et dispositif d'assemblage pour elements de construction
DE3002938A1 (de) * 1980-01-28 1981-07-30 Statní výzkumný ústav ochrany materialu G.V. Akimova, Praha Anordnung zum messen und registrieren von laengenaederungen eines laenglichen musters bei elektrochemischen prozessen
DE3420521A1 (de) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-05 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Fachwerk-knotenpunktverbindung
EP0301988A1 (fr) * 1987-07-27 1989-02-01 Bator S.A. Dispositif d'assemblage de deux arbalétriers de ferme entre eux, au niveau du faîtage, pour la réalisation de charpentes et de structures

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000022248A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Technitube Access Engineering Ltd. Procede et appareil destines a une structure de cadre en trois dimensions
EP2123834B1 (fr) * 2006-09-22 2018-02-28 Gossamer Space Frames Connecteur pour cadres d'espace
EP2318620A1 (fr) * 2008-07-09 2011-05-11 Skyfuel, Inc. Connecteur de structure spatiale
EP2318620A4 (fr) * 2008-07-09 2014-02-12 Skyfuel Inc Connecteur de structure spatiale
WO2011070180A1 (fr) * 2009-12-07 2011-06-16 Abengoa Solar New Technologies, S.A. Module de capteur solaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9108420D0 (en) 1991-06-05
EP0583249A1 (fr) 1994-02-23

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