WO1992013601A1 - Dispositif d'absorption d'energie - Google Patents

Dispositif d'absorption d'energie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992013601A1
WO1992013601A1 PCT/GB1992/000223 GB9200223W WO9213601A1 WO 1992013601 A1 WO1992013601 A1 WO 1992013601A1 GB 9200223 W GB9200223 W GB 9200223W WO 9213601 A1 WO9213601 A1 WO 9213601A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
webbing
housing
lanyard
loop
energy absorbing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/000223
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry Crawford
Original Assignee
Henry Crawford
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henry Crawford filed Critical Henry Crawford
Priority to AU12227/92A priority Critical patent/AU662316B2/en
Publication of WO1992013601A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992013601A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy absorbing device for use in a fall arresting system.
  • the invention relates to a device which is used with a lanyard and uses friction to absorb the kinetic energy of the falling body.
  • General purpose safety harnesses are harnesses which incorporate thigh straps and shoulder straps and which are used in conjunction with safety lanyards for attachment to anchorage points which are usually sited on a roof or on a similar high point. Such harnesses may be built into lightweight suits. General purpose safety harnesses are intended for use with freedom of movement as required, but where the combined effect of the position of the anchorage, the length of the lanyard and the attachment point of the harness and the length of any extensible webbing, limits the potential drop of the wearer to a particular maximum length.
  • British Standard BS1397 requires that the safety harness should absorb the energy of an articulated dummy of a 100 kg weight falling 2 metres before the onset of the arrest; this approximates to a work person working no higher than the structural anchorage. In accordance with this standard, the total energy absorption capacity has been of the order of 2.75 kilojoules (kJ) including extension of any energy absorbing medium.
  • the requirements for future safety harnesses are outlined in a draft European Standard pr
  • the device is used with fabric webbing although the device can be modified for use with a rope or the like.
  • an energy absorbing device for use in an energy absorbing system coupled to an object, said energy absorbing device comprising a housing defining a first generally longitudinal slot passing therethrough for receiving at least two layers of lanyard material in a tight-fitting relationship, the layers being movable in opposite directions, the housing having upper and lower elements defining at least one aperture therein and forming a communication means between said longitudinal slot and the exterior of said housing, said upper and lower elements being spaced apart and shaped so that a loop of lanyard material can be formed external to said housing, whereby in the event of energy absorption demand, said lanyard material is moved relative to said energy absorbing device and friction between said lanyard and said device controls the force applied to the object.
  • said elements are defined by lower and upper walls in a surface of said housing, said upper and lower walls defining said aperture through which said loop of lanyard material is adapted to be pulled.
  • said lanyard material passes over a hook means for securing the device to an anchor point.
  • a hook means is coupled directly to said housing, said hook means having a first portion for securing to an anchor structure and a second portion around which a layer of lanyard is passed to form part of said loop of lanyard material.
  • said hook means is integrally coupled to said housing, and said first portion being integral with said hook means and said housing.
  • said hook means is defined by a separate U-shaped element coupled to said housing by a second portion which is separate.
  • the device is coupled to a webbing-based harness adapted to be worn by a user for use as a fall arresting device, said hook being adapted to be coupled to a roof anchor structure whereby in the event of a fall, the friction between the device and the webbing controls the force applied to said user.
  • the energy absorbing system is a fall arresting system and said loop of webbing extends from the interior of the device through at least one aperture which extends generally transversely to a longitudinal slot which extends through the device and accommodates said at least two layers of webbing.
  • the energy absorbing device is box-shaped and is of generally rectangular cross-section.
  • the longitudinal slot extends perpendicular to the rectangular cross-section and also has a generally rectangular cross-section for receiving two layers of a fabric webbing lanyard.
  • the aperture is an elongated slot which is perpendicular to the longitudinal slot and is located about half-way along the length of said housing.
  • the upper and lower walls defining the aperture have a profile shaped to just engage with the webbing, said profile controlling the degree of friction between the webbing and the energy absorbing device.
  • the spacing between the upper and lower wall is designed so that the loop of material is substantially free running.
  • the lanyard is a rope with two lengths of rope disposed side-by-side in said longitudinal slot, the lengths being movable in opposite directions and a transverse aperture or slot is located in a side wall of the housing through which a loop is formed from one layer of rope.
  • the energy absorbing device can have its frictional or energy absorbing characteristics varied by varying the material of the device, the roughness and spacing of the longitudinal slot surface, and the spacing and shape of the walls defining said aperture.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an energy absorbing device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention fitted to a webbing lanyard for use in a fall arresting system;
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the energy absorbing device and part of the lanyard shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged and longitudinal cross-sectional view taken through the energy absorbing device shown in Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a graph of load versus time for the force applied to a body being arrested using the energy absorbing device shown in Figs. 1-3;
  • Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view similar to Fig. 1 of an alternative embodiment of energy absorbing device for use with a rope lanyard;
  • Figs 6a, b and c are diagrammatic longitudinal sectional, front and bottom views of an alternative embodiment of an energy absorbing device where the hook for the webbing is integral with the device;
  • Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic front elevation of a further alternative embodiment of an energy absorbing device in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a front elevation similar to Fig. 7 in which the device has been modified to receive a U-bolt which acts as a hook.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings depicts an energy absorbing device 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention fitted to receive the fabric webbing 12 of a lanyard which is part of a safety harness for use in a fall arresting system.
  • the lanyard 12 being part of the work person's safety harness, has an upwardly movable side 12a and a downwardly movable side 12b looped around a hook or karabiner 14 which can be secured to a structural anchorage on a roof or the like, which is not shown in the interests of clarity.
  • the device 10 is designed to use friction between the device 10 and webbing 12 to absorb the kinetic energy of a falling body so that the maximum energy or force applied to the body is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • the device 10 consists of a first plate 16 having a recessed channel 18 therein for receiving a double thickness (2 layers 12a, 12b) of webbing 12 and a front plate 20 which is sized and proportioned to mate with the rear plate 16 to securely compress the webbing layers 12a, 12b into the recess 18.
  • the front plate 20 when fitted to the rear plate, results in the recess 18 being formed into a slot which extends the length of the energy absorbing device.
  • the front plate 20 of the energy absorbing device has a perpendicular slot 22 disposed therein so that the exterior of the device communicates with the internal slot 18.
  • the width of the slot 22 is proportioned and dimensioned so that a loop 24 of fabric webbing can be pulled therethrough as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 3 of the drawings is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view through the energy absorbing device 10 when fitted with the lanyard of webbing 12.
  • the internal slot 18 is proportioned so that the lanyard webbing 12a, 12b is compressed in the channel.
  • the spacing between the walls 25 and 26 defining the slot 22, is the same or slightly more than a thickness of 2 layers of webbing 12a, 12b superimposed so that the webbing is, at the most, only slightly compressed so that the loop 24 is essentially free running in the event of a downward force applied to webbing 12b although there is a tight-fitting relationship between the webbing 12a, 12b and the longitudinal slot 18.
  • walls 25 and 26 are carefully dimensioned and profiled as will be explained so as to provide the desired frictional effect between the energy absorbing device 10 and the lanyard 12 in the event of a fall.
  • the radius of curvature of walls 25 and 26 is 2mm.
  • FIG. 5 of the drawings depicts a further embodiment of an energy absorbing device
  • the lanyard is a rope 32 which has a free loop 34 which passes through a side aperture 36 as shown.
  • the rope 32 has an upwardly movable length 32a and a downwardly movable length 32b of which loop 34 is part.
  • the rope is compressed between plates 38,40 which define a channel 42 and the device 30 works in the same way as that described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 6a, b and c of the drawings depict an alternative embodiment of an energy absorbing device, generally indicated by reference numeral 50, which has a first cast aluminium body portion
  • the webbing 62 is part of a safety harness worn by the user and the eye 54 can be secured, via a hook or karabiner, to a structural anchorage point on a roof or the like (not shown) . As best seen in Fig.
  • the recessed portion 56 is stepped so that the plate 58 abuts shoulders 64 and the plate 58 is fastened to the body portion 52 by means of 6 capscrews (not shown) which fit into the capscrew recesses 66.
  • the eye or hook 54 is integral with the body portion 52 and also has a circular integral cross-bar 68, which together with the compression plate 58 of the body portion 52 defines a transverse slot 72 through which a loop 74 of fabric webbing can be pulled therethrough as shown in Fig. 6a. It will be appreciated that slots 72 and 60 are in communication for receiving the webbing 62 as shown in Fig. 6a and it will also be seen that the webbing loops around the integral cross-bar 68 replaces eye 28 shown in Figs.
  • slots 60 and 72 are dimensioned and proportioned to receive the webbing in the same way.
  • Slot 60 is dimensioned so that when plate 58 is fastened to the body portion the two layers of webbing 62 are compressed and in this case only one layer of webbing 62 passes through the slot 72 with the width of the channel being dimensioned to allow loop 74 to be essentially free-running in the event of a downward force being applied to the webbing 62b (Fig. 6a) .
  • Fig. 7 is similar in material construction to that shown in Figs. 6a, b and c except that the hook 80 is formed by a U-shaped forging secured to upstanding lugs of body portion 82 by means of a riveted cross-bar 84.
  • the webbing 86 (shown in broken outline) loops around cross-bar 84 and a loop extends through slot 88 as in the previous embodiment.
  • the device operates in the same way as described above to comply with prEN 355.
  • FIG. 8 is identical to that shown in Fig. 7, and in which like numerals denote like parts except with the suffix 'a' added, except that internal surfaces 90,92 of the upper lugs are milled out so that a U-shaped hook 80a can be received as shown and secured by riveted cross-bar 84a.
  • the device of Fig. 8 operates in the same way as that of Fig. 7.
  • An advantage of the devices shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is that a single casting can be used (then milled for Fig. 8) so minimising stock and the maximum reaction forces are taken between the upper surface of the cross-bars 84, 84a and the underside of the forged U-bolt hook 80,80a.
  • the maximum primary and secondary slippage forces can be varied by altering the degree of compression of the webbing between the plates or by introducing an agent such as PTFE film within the longitudinal slot, and that the primary force is always less than the secondary force.
  • the friction between the webbing and the energy absorbing device is dependent on a number of factors such as the material of the webbing and the energy absorbing device, the degree of compression exerted on the webbing upside and webbing downside within the longitudinal slot, the length of the free loop and the width of the aperture through which the loop passes, and also the shape of the walls or surfaces defining the aperture.
  • the surface texture of the slots or parts in contact with the moving webbing will affect the friction. Because the energy absorption characteristics of the device are affected by all these factors, it is possible, therefore, to design the energy absorption device so as to produce a particular load-time profile with a particular lanyard in the event of a fall occurring.
  • the device could be used as a back-up on a crane so that in the event of failure of the lifting tackle or rapid arrest of the crane, the energy absorption device is actuated to control the force applied to the payload being moved by the crane.
  • the energy absorption device is actuated to control the force applied to the payload being moved by the crane.
  • two or more apertures can be provided to provide two or more free loops to produce a particular load-time profile.
  • the compression plate is separate and shown fastened to the back face with screws, it will be appreciated that, of course, this could be hinged to facilitate ease of fixing around the webbing or rope when used as the lanyard.
  • the external shape of the energy absorbing device is not critical. Although generally box-shaped in the embodiments, it will be appreciated that this shape could be cylindrical or oval or any other convenient shape as long as the functional requirements of the device are satisfied. It will also be understood that the width of each aperture may be adjustable to accommodate different webbing thicknesses and to control the friction between the loop and the device. Further, the device may be provided as a separate accessory for use in conjunction with a conventional harness. Also, as the operation of the device is not dependent on orientation, the device may be used as described above, or the karbiner 14, eye 54 or hook 80 may be attached to the harness and a hook at the other extremity of the webbing attached to the anchorage.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un dispositif d'absorption d'énergie (10, 30; 50, 82) destiné à être utilisé dans un système d'arrêt de chute comprenant un boîtier (16, 20; 38, 40; 52; 58; 82, 82a) destiné à recevoir la sangle (12; 32; 62; 86) d'un harnais porté par une personne ou un objet, le boîtier étant adapté pour être relié à un poiint d'ancrage. La sangle passe à travers le dispositif de façon à former une boucle extérieure (24; 34; 74) et au moins deux épaisseurs de sangle (12a, 12b; 32a, 32b; 62; 86) sont serrées intimement l'une contre l'autre dans un passage longitudinal (18; 42; 60) du dispositif. En cas de chute, une force est appliquée à l'objet ou au corps et la boucle, qui glisse librement, absorbe la force intitiale et limite la force appliquée audit corps à une première valeur (F1). Lorsque la boucle libre est reprise, le glissement entre les épaisseurs de sangle et entre la sangle et les surfaces du boîtier crée un frottement qui influe sur la force maximale (F2) appliquée au corps ou à l'objet. On décrit également divers modes des réalisation de l'invention.
PCT/GB1992/000223 1991-02-06 1992-02-06 Dispositif d'absorption d'energie WO1992013601A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12227/92A AU662316B2 (en) 1991-02-06 1992-02-06 Energy absorbing device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9102498.4 1991-02-06
GB919102498A GB9102498D0 (en) 1991-02-06 1991-02-06 Energy absorbing device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992013601A1 true WO1992013601A1 (fr) 1992-08-20

Family

ID=10689598

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/000223 WO1992013601A1 (fr) 1991-02-06 1992-02-06 Dispositif d'absorption d'energie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0570437A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU662316B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2103588A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9102498D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992013601A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995001815A2 (fr) * 1993-07-06 1995-01-19 Latchways Limited Dispositif antichute a absorption d'energie
EP0673810A2 (fr) * 1994-03-21 1995-09-27 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Dispositif d'absorption d'énergie pour ceinture de sécurité
WO1997010876A1 (fr) * 1995-09-21 1997-03-27 Spanset Inter. A.G. Dispositif d'absorption d'energie
ES2300210A1 (es) * 2006-02-06 2008-06-01 Nicolas Soler Saez Mejoras introducidas en la patente principal n. p-200600255, por: amarre de seguridad.
GB2490682A (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 Checkmate Ltd Fall arrest device with energy dissipation by friction
AU2008100234B4 (en) * 2008-03-14 2013-11-21 Sayfa R & D Pty Ltd Static line shock absorber
US9174073B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2015-11-03 D B Industries, Llc Energy absorber assembly and components thereof
IT201700011637A1 (it) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Aludesign Spa Dispositivo per la frenatura della caduta di un carico

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5598900A (en) * 1994-10-21 1997-02-04 Surety Manufacturing & Testing Ltd. Horizontal lifeline energy absorber

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2269357A1 (fr) * 1974-04-30 1975-11-28 Vandeputte Nv
US4100996A (en) * 1977-06-06 1978-07-18 Sharp Jonathan E Shock absorber for a safety belt lanyard
FR2410482A1 (fr) * 1977-11-30 1979-06-29 Fertier Raymond Dispositif d'amortisseur de chute a corde
EP0004586A2 (fr) * 1978-03-28 1979-10-17 Henssgen Karabinerhaken GmbH Mousqueton

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2269357A1 (fr) * 1974-04-30 1975-11-28 Vandeputte Nv
US4100996A (en) * 1977-06-06 1978-07-18 Sharp Jonathan E Shock absorber for a safety belt lanyard
FR2410482A1 (fr) * 1977-11-30 1979-06-29 Fertier Raymond Dispositif d'amortisseur de chute a corde
EP0004586A2 (fr) * 1978-03-28 1979-10-17 Henssgen Karabinerhaken GmbH Mousqueton

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995001815A3 (fr) * 1993-07-06 1995-03-09 Latchways Ltd Dispositif antichute a absorption d'energie
WO1995001815A2 (fr) * 1993-07-06 1995-01-19 Latchways Limited Dispositif antichute a absorption d'energie
EP0673810A2 (fr) * 1994-03-21 1995-09-27 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. Dispositif d'absorption d'énergie pour ceinture de sécurité
EP0673810A3 (fr) * 1994-03-21 1996-12-18 Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Dispositif d'absorption d'énergie pour ceinture de sécurité.
WO1997010876A1 (fr) * 1995-09-21 1997-03-27 Spanset Inter. A.G. Dispositif d'absorption d'energie
ES2300210A1 (es) * 2006-02-06 2008-06-01 Nicolas Soler Saez Mejoras introducidas en la patente principal n. p-200600255, por: amarre de seguridad.
AU2008100234B4 (en) * 2008-03-14 2013-11-21 Sayfa R & D Pty Ltd Static line shock absorber
GB2490682A (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-14 Checkmate Ltd Fall arrest device with energy dissipation by friction
EP2522399A3 (fr) * 2011-05-10 2014-02-26 Checkmate Limited Appareil antichute
US9174073B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2015-11-03 D B Industries, Llc Energy absorber assembly and components thereof
US10016638B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2018-07-10 D B Industries, Llc Energy absorber assembly and components thereof
IT201700011637A1 (it) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Aludesign Spa Dispositivo per la frenatura della caduta di un carico
WO2018142319A1 (fr) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-09 Aludesign S.P.A. Dispositif de freinage de la chute d'une charge
US10695596B2 (en) 2017-02-02 2020-06-30 Aludesign S.P.A. Device for braking the fall of a load

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0570437A1 (fr) 1993-11-24
AU662316B2 (en) 1995-08-31
AU1222792A (en) 1992-09-07
CA2103588A1 (fr) 1992-08-07
GB9102498D0 (en) 1991-03-27

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