WO1992012788A1 - System for generating microbubbles in a liquid mass - Google Patents

System for generating microbubbles in a liquid mass Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992012788A1
WO1992012788A1 PCT/ES1992/000008 ES9200008W WO9212788A1 WO 1992012788 A1 WO1992012788 A1 WO 1992012788A1 ES 9200008 W ES9200008 W ES 9200008W WO 9212788 A1 WO9212788 A1 WO 9212788A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
porous
diffuser
diffusers
liquid mass
holes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES1992/000008
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dionisio Rodriguez Martinez
Original Assignee
Filtrocesa, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Filtrocesa, S.A. filed Critical Filtrocesa, S.A.
Priority to JP92503065A priority Critical patent/JPH05505342A/en
Publication of WO1992012788A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992012788A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2373—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system intended to homogenize the mass of a liquid by means of the injection of air bubbles into the liquid mass itself, thereby agitating it to achieve a uniform homogeneity thereof.
  • the system is applicable in electrolytic processes, gas transfers, water purification, fish factories, etc.
  • the anodizing of the pieces is carried out in a horizontal arrangement of these, due to the small height with which the vats are made (normally between 2 and 3 m.). In this way, the height traveled by the bubbles injected into the electrolyte, barely allows time to come together before reaching the surface, so that the methods used in the injection of air bubbles can be considered acceptable.
  • the effect that is intended to be achieved with the injection of bubbles is to ensure that they have the smallest possible diameter and minimum kinetic energy, that is, the lowest possible speed, so that the bubbles remain ina lterab during their focus on the tank, preventing as much as possible from joining together.
  • a homogenization device is claimed using a porous diffuser, said device consisting of a gas distributor element to which several injectors are inserted through which the gas circulates at high speed and covering the injectors are precisely located the porous elements or diffusers, all in such a way that by injecting the gas to the aforementioned diffusers, it diffuses throughout the porous mass, reducing the velocity.
  • a gas distributor element to which several injectors are inserted through which the gas circulates at high speed and covering the injectors are precisely located the porous elements or diffusers, all in such a way that by injecting the gas to the aforementioned diffusers, it diffuses throughout the porous mass, reducing the velocity.
  • the exit of the gas through the diffusers produces microbubbles perfectly distributed throughout the surface of the diffusers and perfectly transferred and homogenized in the liquid mass.
  • porous diffusers when air or fluid blows cease through it, water penetrates through the aforementioned ceramic diffusers, occupying the inside of the pipe, so that in A short period of time is achieved to reach the clogging of these porous pieces, preventing the production of bubbles.
  • the branches that constitute the conduits where the porous diffusers are located are mounted in series, so that the loss of load is important and prevents the last diffusers of each branch from evacuating the water introduced to its through what is chosen on the one hand to the placement of non-return valves that prevent the penetration of water to the pipes when the blow stops, and on the other hand, and in order to get a proper blow in the last diffusers of each branch , a greater amount of air is blown, which causes the first diffusers of the branches to inject more air than is due.
  • patent 4,048,072 intended for the same purposes, uses as a means of outlet of the bubbles an enclosing chamber between an external mesh and an inner concentric tube, whose chamber is filled with a granulated product, such as pebbles .
  • the system that has been advocated has been designed to solve all this problem to full satisfaction by offering a simple and effective solution, based first of all on the fact that the installation will be carried out by meshes instead of the serial arrangement of the branches which constitute the conventional installations, and that arrangement in meshes is such that the porous diffusers are arranged in parallel thereby avoiding the problems of the serial arrangement referred to above.
  • the air outlet is not carried out directly through the porous diffusers, as is traditional, but that before reaching these porous diffusers the air passes through holes provided in a concentric tube to the porous diffuser whose holes lead to a common channel, before reaching the porous diffuser itself, to equalize the pressures.
  • These concentric tubes logically determine a chamber that can never be filled with liquid, also ensuring uniform air pressure.
  • the said holes of the concentric tube that communicate the chamber determined therein as the common chamber provided before reaching the porous diffuser are made in the lower zone, which determines that the useful output surface of bubbles are made in correspondence with the upper half of the diffuser pore, while the lower half, approximately, it remains as a useless surface and no bubbles will flow through it, which results in such bubbles rising through the liquid mass to the surface of the bubble without joining each other.
  • the section of the holes of each main branch is greater than the sum of the surface of the calibrated or outlet holes referred to above, in order to cause overpressures in the ducts to achieve a correct air outlet.
  • porous diffusers in parallel, forming meshes, resembles an electrical scheme where the resistance is similar to the loss of load, so that the total load loss will be equivalent to that of an element divided by the number of elements, and therefore the blowing pressure of the equipment similar to the voltage for the same air passage, the blow pressure must be much lower.
  • Figure 1 Schematically shows the grid-like arrangement of the porous diffusers provided in a conventional installation for the homogenization of a liquid mass.
  • Figure 2 It shows a perspective, with cross section, of the lower half of a porous diffuser including the concentric tube provided with the holes calibrated in its lower part and which flow into a common chamber.
  • a section of what is a porous diffuser (2) is shown, consisting of a tubular body (4), logically of porous material, inside which a tube (5), preferably plastic, is concentrically located , such as PVC, at the bottom of which it includes a plurality of calibrated holes (6) that flow into a common and linear chamber (7) before reaching the body (4) of the general porous diffuser (2).
  • the orifice section of each main branch must be greater than the sum of the surface of the outlet orifices (6), in order to cause overpressures in the ducts and correct air outflow.
  • the air that enters the chamber that forms the concentric tube (5) reaches the holes (6) of the latter and before reaching the body or porous diffuser (4) flows into a linear and common chamber (7) that , as just said, it joins all the holes (6), achieving an equalization of the pressures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The system is based on the utilization of porous diffusers (2) arranged in parallel and forming a lattice in the installation for homogenization of the liquid mass. Each porous diffuser (2) is comprised of a tubular part (4) of porous material wherein is tight-fitted a concentric tube (5) with calibrated orifices (6) at its lower portion which open into a linear and common chamber (7), before reaching said porous body (4), in order to equalize the pressures and to make the bubbles reach the liquid mass in correspondence with the upper half of each porous diffuser. The system may be applied to electrolytic processes, gas transfers, water purification systems, fish-breading stations, etc.

Description

SISTEMA DE GENERACIÓN DE MICROBÜRBUJAS EN UNA MASA LIQUIDA MICROBÜRBUJAS GENERATION SYSTEM IN A LIQUID MASS
D E S C R I P C I Ó ND E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La invención se refiere a un sistema previsto para homogeneizar la masa de un líquido por medio de la inyección de burbujas de aire en el seno de la propia masa líquida, consiguiendo una agitación de ésta para lograr una homogeneidad uniforme de la misma. El sistema es aplicable en procesos electrolíticos, transferencias de gases, de depuración de aguas, pisci¬ factorías, etc.The invention relates to a system intended to homogenize the mass of a liquid by means of the injection of air bubbles into the liquid mass itself, thereby agitating it to achieve a uniform homogeneity thereof. The system is applicable in electrolytic processes, gas transfers, water purification, fish factories, etc.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En los procesos electrolíticos, el anodizado de las piezas se realiza en una disposición horizontal de éstas, debido a la pequeña altura con que están realizadas las cubas (normalmente entre 2 y 3 m. ) . De este modo la altura recorrida por las burbujas inyectadas en el seno de electrólito, apenas da tiempo a juntarse antes de llegar a la superficie, por lo que los métodos utilizados en la inyección de burbujas de aire puede considerarse como aceptable.In electrolytic processes, the anodizing of the pieces is carried out in a horizontal arrangement of these, due to the small height with which the vats are made (normally between 2 and 3 m.). In this way, the height traveled by the bubbles injected into the electrolyte, barely allows time to come together before reaching the surface, so that the methods used in the injection of air bubbles can be considered acceptable.
Con la aparición, en el proceso de anodizado, de cubas de una mayor altura (entre 6 y 7 .), ese proceso de anodizado se lleva de manera tal que las piezas se disponen verticálmente, por lo que los sistemas empleados habitualmente para inyección de aire en el seno del electrólito no son utilizables, ya que las burbujas producidas al ascender los aproximadamente 6 ó 7 m . , van juntándose para hacerse cada vez más grandes , impidiendo no sólo la homogeneización del electrólito y la correcta anodización, sino la correcta uniformidad de la conductividad del propio electrólito .With the appearance, in the anodizing process, of tanks of a greater height (between 6 and 7), that anodizing process is carried out in such a way that the pieces are arranged vertically, so that the systems usually used for injection of air inside the electrolyte is not usable, since the bubbles produced by rising approximately 6 or 7 m. , are getting together to get bigger and bigger, preventing not only the homogenization of the electrolyte and the correct anodization, but the correct uniformity of the conductivity of the electrolyte itself.
En definitiva, el efecto que se pretende conseguir con la inyección de burbujas es el de conse¬ guir que éstas tengan el menor diámetro posible y una mínima energía cinética , es decir , menor velocidad posible, con el fin de que las burbujas permanezcan ina lterab les durante su as cenc ión por la cuba , impidiendo en el mayor grado posible que se junten entre sí .In short, the effect that is intended to be achieved with the injection of bubbles is to ensure that they have the smallest possible diameter and minimum kinetic energy, that is, the lowest possible speed, so that the bubbles remain ina lterab during their focus on the tank, preventing as much as possible from joining together.
Habitualmente los medios que se utilizaban para la producción de burbujas consistían en hacer múltiples orificios a lo largo de la tubería, orificios que oscilaban entre 1 y 3 mm. de diámetro, resultando excesivamente grandes. Este inconveniente se trató de resolver mediante la utilización de difusores porosos que son capaces de producir burbujas con un diámetro de unas pocas mieras. Es decir, las burbujas pequeñas con velocidad lenta favorecen la homogeneización del gas en un líquido.Usually the means used for the production of bubbles consisted of making multiple holes along the pipe, holes ranging between 1 and 3 mm. in diameter, resulting excessively large. This problem was attempted to be resolved by using porous diffusers that are capable of producing bubbles with a diameter of a few microns. That is, small bubbles with slow speed favor the homogenization of the gas in a liquid.
Al efecto , en la patente de invención española 9001093 se reivindica un dispositivo de homogeneización utilizando un difusor poroso , consistente dicho dispos itivo en un elemento distribuidor del gas al que se le insertan varios inyectores por los que circula el gas a alta velocidad y cubriendo los inyectores van situados precisamente los elementos o difusores porosos, todo ello de manera que al inyectar el gas a los aludidos difusores, aquel se difunde por toda la masa porosa, reduciéndose la veloci- dad a valores convenientes de circulación a través de los poros. La salida del gas a través de los difusores produce microburbujas perfectamente distribuidas por toda la superficie de los difusores y perfectamente transferidas y homogeneizadas en la masa líquida.For this purpose, in the Spanish invention patent 9001093 a homogenization device is claimed using a porous diffuser, said device consisting of a gas distributor element to which several injectors are inserted through which the gas circulates at high speed and covering the injectors are precisely located the porous elements or diffusers, all in such a way that by injecting the gas to the aforementioned diffusers, it diffuses throughout the porous mass, reducing the velocity. Give convenient values of circulation through the pores. The exit of the gas through the diffusers produces microbubbles perfectly distributed throughout the surface of the diffusers and perfectly transferred and homogenized in the liquid mass.
Pues bien, las dificultades en la utiliza¬ ción de difusores porosos consisten en que cuando cesa el soplado de aire o fluido a su través, el agua penetra a través de los aludidos difusores cerámicos, ocupando el interior de la tubería, de manera que en un plazo breve de tiempo se llega a alcanzar el colmatado de esas piezas porosas, impidiendo la producción de burbujas.Well, the difficulties in using porous diffusers are that when air or fluid blows cease through it, water penetrates through the aforementioned ceramic diffusers, occupying the inside of the pipe, so that in A short period of time is achieved to reach the clogging of these porous pieces, preventing the production of bubbles.
Además, en las instalaciones normalmente utilizadas, las ramas que constituyen las conducciones donde van situados los difusores porosos, van montadas en serie, con lo que la pérdida de carga es importante e impide que los últimos difusores de cada rama evacúen el agua introducida a su través por lo que se opta por un lado a la colocación de válvulas antiretorno que impidan la penetración del agua a las canalizaciones cuando cesa el soplado, y por otro lado, y con el fin de conseguir un soplado adecuado en los últimos difusores de cada rama, se efectúa un soplado de mayor cantidad de aire lo que provoca que los primeros difusores de las ramas inyecten más aire del debido.In addition, in the facilities normally used, the branches that constitute the conduits where the porous diffusers are located, are mounted in series, so that the loss of load is important and prevents the last diffusers of each branch from evacuating the water introduced to its through what is chosen on the one hand to the placement of non-return valves that prevent the penetration of water to the pipes when the blow stops, and on the other hand, and in order to get a proper blow in the last diffusers of each branch , a greater amount of air is blown, which causes the first diffusers of the branches to inject more air than is due.
Finalmente se puede citar como otro inconveniente en las instalaciones que actualmente se utilizan y que emplean elementos porosos, el que la rotura de una de esas piezas porosas descompensa todo el proceso, al escaparse por ella todo el aire de soplado de la instalación. Por otro lado cabe citar también las patentes USA núms. 4.118.447 y 4.048.072, de manera que en la primera de ellas se reivindica un aparato para airear una masa de líquido que incluye un tubo interior hueco en el que va situado un lastre, y cuyo tubo tiene unos orificios que se comunican por un lado con una entrada de aire y por otro con una cámara determinada entre ese tubo y otro exterior poroso, de manera que las burbujas salen a través de este último.Finally, it can be cited as another inconvenience in the facilities that are currently used and that use porous elements, the fact that the breakage of one of these porous pieces decomposes the whole process, when all the blowing air of the installation escapes through it. On the other hand, it is also worth mentioning US Pat. 4,118,447 and 4,048,072, so that in the first one an apparatus for aerating a mass of liquid is claimed that includes a hollow inner tube in which a ballast is located, and whose tube has holes communicating by one side with an air inlet and on the other with a certain chamber between that tube and another porous exterior, so that the bubbles come out through the latter.
En esta patente de invención 4.118.447 está principalmente concebida para oxigenar aguas de piscifactorías o de embalses, de manera que aunque en la misma se pretende obtener burbujas de pequeñísimo cali¬ bre, es evidente que al estar pensada para oxigenar aguas de piscifactorías o similares, no resulta de gran transcendencia el que las burbujas puedan conseguirse en un mayor o menor tamaño.In this patent of invention 4,118,447 it is mainly designed to oxygenate waters from fish farms or reservoirs, so that although it is intended to obtain very small bubbles, it is evident that when it is intended to oxygenate waters from fish farms or the like , it is not of great importance that the bubbles can be achieved in a larger or smaller size.
Por su parte, la patente 4.048.072, prevista para los mismos fines, utiliza como medio de salida de las burbujas una cámara envolvente entre una malla externa y un tubo concéntrico interior, cuya cámara está llena de un producto granulado, como pueden ser piedrecitas.For its part, patent 4,048,072, intended for the same purposes, uses as a means of outlet of the bubbles an enclosing chamber between an external mesh and an inner concentric tube, whose chamber is filled with a granulated product, such as pebbles .
En cualquiera de ambas patentes al inyectar aire o gas en el dispositivo o difusor que constituye, es necesario hacerlo con una presión normal y de trabajo, de modo que el aire desplazará al agua que ha anegado el interior del difusor, que obviamente ha de estar sumergido en un medio líquido, pero lo hará en la zona próxima a la entrada de aire hasta la zona en que se equilibre la presión del aire inyectado con la presión del agua interior, provocando que sólo salgan burbujas por una zona próxima a la entrada del difusor y no por la totalidad de éste. Ahora bien, con una presión de entrada superior a la de trabajo, se puede conseguir el desplazamiento del líquido existente en el interior del difusor, pero no se evitará nunca que el tamaño de la burbuja que sale por la zona próxima a la entrada del aire sea de mayor tamaño y energía cinética, provocando esta energía cinética el choque entre ellas y por consiguiente el aumento del tamaño. En definitiva, con estas patentes 4.118.447 y 4.048.072, citadas como antecedentes, no se puede conseguir una microburbuja y que ésta tenga poca energía cinética, por lo que no se podrá evitar que en el choque esa energía cinética quede absorbida, no impidiendo por consiguiente la formación de burbujas de mayor tamaño.In any of both patents when injecting air or gas into the device or diffuser that constitutes, it is necessary to do it with a normal and working pressure, so that the air will displace the water that has flooded the inside of the diffuser, which obviously must be submerged in a liquid medium, but it will do so in the area near the air inlet to the area where the pressure of the injected air is balanced with the pressure of the interior water, causing them to only come out bubbles for an area near the entrance of the diffuser and not for the whole of it. However, with an inlet pressure higher than the working pressure, the displacement of the existing liquid inside the diffuser can be achieved, but the size of the bubble leaving the area near the air inlet will never be prevented be of greater size and kinetic energy, causing this kinetic energy the clash between them and therefore the increase in size. In short, with these patents 4,118,447 and 4,048,072, cited as antecedents, a microbubble cannot be obtained and that it has low kinetic energy, so that it cannot be avoided that in the shock that kinetic energy is absorbed, no thus preventing the formation of larger bubbles.
En definitiva, esas dos patentes norteame¬ ricanas consiguen homogeneizar un gas o aire en el líquido o agua, pero no consiguen una calidad de homoge¬ neización buena debido a una falta de dispersión sufi¬ ciente que pudiera ser adecuada en su aplicación a ciertos procesos, como son los electrolíticos. En estos procesos se requiere que el tamaño de las burbujas sea el menor posible e igual a diferentes niveles de profun¬ didad, al tiempo que la distribución de las microburbu¬ jas sea perfectamente uniforme en toda la masa. Todo ésto tiene por finalidad el conseguir una uniforme distribución de la corriente, modificando al mínimo la conductividad del electrólito y homogeneizando al máximo su temperatura. Esas características no se consiguen con los dispositivos o difusores reivindicados en esas patentes 4.118.447 y 4.048.072, en virtud de que median¬ te los difusores reivindicados en estas patentes no se consigue unas microburbujas en el propio líquido, además de que la velocidad de ascenso no es lenta, en virtud de la constitución general del difusor.In short, these two North American patents manage to homogenize a gas or air in the liquid or water, but they do not achieve a good homogenization quality due to a lack of sufficient dispersion that could be adequate in its application to certain processes , as are the electrolytic. In these processes it is required that the size of the bubbles be as small as possible and equal to different levels of depth, while the distribution of the microbubbles is perfectly uniform throughout the mass. All this has the purpose of achieving a uniform distribution of the current, modifying the conductivity of the electrolyte to a minimum and homogenizing its temperature to the maximum. These characteristics are not achieved with the devices or diffusers claimed in these patents 4,118,447 and 4,048,072, because by means of the diffusers claimed in these patents microbubbles are not achieved in the liquid itself, in addition to the speed of ascent is not slow, by virtue of the general constitution of the diffuser.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema que se preconiza ha sido concebido para resolver toda esa problemática a plena satisfacción ofreciendo al efecto una solución sencilla y eficaz, basándose en primer lugar en el hecho de que la instalación se efectuará por mallas en lugar de la disposición en serie de las ramas que constituyen las instalaciones convencionales, y esa disposición en mallas es tal que los difusores porosos quedan dispuesto en paralelo evitando con ello los problemas de la dispo- sición en serie referida anteriormente.The system that has been advocated has been designed to solve all this problem to full satisfaction by offering a simple and effective solution, based first of all on the fact that the installation will be carried out by meshes instead of the serial arrangement of the branches which constitute the conventional installations, and that arrangement in meshes is such that the porous diffusers are arranged in parallel thereby avoiding the problems of the serial arrangement referred to above.
Por otro lado, se ha previsto que la salida del aire no se realice directamente a través de los difusores porosos, como es tradicional, sino que antes de alcanzar esos difusores porosos el aire pase a través de unos orificios previstos en un tubo concéntri¬ co al difusor poroso cuyos orificios desembocan en una canalización común, antes de llegar al propio difusor poroso, para igualar las presiones. Esos tubos concén- trieos determinan lógicamente una cámara que nunca podrá llenarse de líquido, asegurando además una presión uniforme del aire.On the other hand, it is foreseen that the air outlet is not carried out directly through the porous diffusers, as is traditional, but that before reaching these porous diffusers the air passes through holes provided in a concentric tube to the porous diffuser whose holes lead to a common channel, before reaching the porous diffuser itself, to equalize the pressures. These concentric tubes logically determine a chamber that can never be filled with liquid, also ensuring uniform air pressure.
Por otro lado, se ha previsto que los comentados orificios del tubo concéntrico que comunican la cámara determinada en éste como la cámara común prevista antes de alcanzar el difusor poroso, estén realizados en la zona inferior, lo que determina que la superficie útil de salida de burbujas se efectúe en correspondencia con la mitad superior del difusor poro¬ so, mientras que la mitad inferior, aproximadamente, queda como superificie inútil y por ella no saldrán burbujas, lo cual deriva en que tales burbujas asciendan a través de la masa líquida hasta la superficie de ésta sin que se unan unas a otras.On the other hand, it has been foreseen that the said holes of the concentric tube that communicate the chamber determined therein as the common chamber provided before reaching the porous diffuser, are made in the lower zone, which determines that the useful output surface of bubbles are made in correspondence with the upper half of the diffuser pore, while the lower half, approximately, it remains as a useless surface and no bubbles will flow through it, which results in such bubbles rising through the liquid mass to the surface of the bubble without joining each other.
También se ha previsto que la sección de los orificios de cada rama principal sea superior a la suma de la superficie de los orificios calibrados o de salida anteriormente referidos, con el fin de provocar sobrepresiones en los conductos para conseguirse una salida correcta del aire.It is also provided that the section of the holes of each main branch is greater than the sum of the surface of the calibrated or outlet holes referred to above, in order to cause overpressures in the ducts to achieve a correct air outlet.
Como consecuencia de la disposición en malla de las distintas ramas de la instalación, la rotura de un difusor no afectará al resto de la red, ya que al no ofrecer esos difusores porosos la más mínima resistencia al paso de aire, la mínima pérdida de carga en la salida estaría influenciada únicamente por los orificios calibrados e inferiores del tubo concéntrico previsto en los difusores porosos, tubo que por otra parte estará constituido en un material plástico o similar y no romperá.As a result of the mesh arrangement of the different branches of the installation, the breakage of a diffuser will not affect the rest of the network, since these porous diffusers do not offer the slightest resistance to the passage of air, the minimum loss of load at the exit it would be influenced only by the calibrated and lower holes of the concentric tube provided in the porous diffusers, a tube that on the other hand will be constituted in a plastic or similar material and will not break.
Finalmente decir que la colmatación de dichos difusores porosos se realiza al penetrar agua a través del difusor, hasta los orificios inferiores, de manera que al ser estos últimos muy pequeños y la ve¬ locidad de paso mínima, la sección que se colmatará será la inferior de los difusores, es decir, la zona inútil para producción de burbujas.Finally, to say that the clogging of said porous diffusers is carried out by penetrating water through the diffuser, to the lower holes, so that since the latter are very small and the minimum passage speed, the section that will be clogged will be the lower of the diffusers, that is, the useless zone for bubble production.
Como se habrá podido comprobar a lo largo de la descripción realizada hasta el momento, la colocación de los difusores porosos en paralelo, forman¬ do mallas, se asemeja a un esquema eléctrico donde la resistencia es similar a la pérdida de carga, de manera tal que la pérdida de carga total equivaldrá a la de un elemento dividida por el número de elementos, y por tanto la presión de soplado del equipo asemejado al voltaje para un mismo paso de aire, debe ser la presión de soplado muy inferior.As we have seen throughout the description made so far, the placement of porous diffusers in parallel, forming meshes, resembles an electrical scheme where the resistance is similar to the loss of load, so that the total load loss will be equivalent to that of an element divided by the number of elements, and therefore the blowing pressure of the equipment similar to the voltage for the same air passage, the blow pressure must be much lower.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente :To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached hereto as an integral part thereof, with an illustrative and non-limiting character The following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra a nivel esquemático la disposición en forma de malla de los difusores porosos previstos en una instalación convencional para la homogeneización de una masa líquida.Figure 1.- Schematically shows the grid-like arrangement of the porous diffusers provided in a conventional installation for the homogenization of a liquid mass.
La figura 2. Muestra una perspectiva, con sección transversal, de la mitad inferior de un difusor poroso incluyendo el tubo concéntrico dotado de los orificios calibrados en su parte inferior y que desembo¬ can en una cámara común.Figure 2. It shows a perspective, with cross section, of the lower half of a porous diffuser including the concentric tube provided with the holes calibrated in its lower part and which flow into a common chamber.
La figura 3.- Muestra, finalmente, un esquema también en sección transversal, de lo que puede considerarse como la superficie útil y la superficie inútil del difusor poroso para la salida de burbujas. REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNFigure 3.- Finally, it shows a diagram also in cross section, of what can be considered as the useful surface and the useless surface of the porous diffuser for the output of bubbles. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A la vista de esas figuras, puede comprobarse, haciendo mención primeramente a la figura is, una parte de una instalación general formando una malla con ramas (1) o conductos de distribución de fluido, en donde los difusores porosos (2) quedan situa¬ dos en paralelo, con los correspondientes orificios de comunicación (3) previstos en las ramas principales (1) .In view of these figures, it can be checked, making first mention of the figure is, a part of a general installation forming a mesh with branches (1) or fluid distribution ducts, where the porous diffusers (2) are located two in parallel, with the corresponding communication holes (3) provided in the main branches (1).
En la figura 2§, se muestra una sección de lo que es un difusor poroso (2) , constituido por un cuerpo tubular (4) , lógicamente de material poroso, en cuyo interior va situado concéntricamente un tubo (5) , preferentemente de plástico, tal como PVC, en cuya parte inferior incluye una pluralidad de orificios calibrados (6) que desembocan en una cámara común y lineal (7) antes de alcanzar el propio cuerpo (4) del difusor poroso general (2) . La sección de los orificios de cada rama principal debe ser superior a la suma de la super¬ ficie de los orificios de salida (6) , con el fin de provocar sobrepresiones en los conductos y efectuarse una salida correcta del aire.In Figure 2 § , a section of what is a porous diffuser (2) is shown, consisting of a tubular body (4), logically of porous material, inside which a tube (5), preferably plastic, is concentrically located , such as PVC, at the bottom of which it includes a plurality of calibrated holes (6) that flow into a common and linear chamber (7) before reaching the body (4) of the general porous diffuser (2). The orifice section of each main branch must be greater than the sum of the surface of the outlet orifices (6), in order to cause overpressures in the ducts and correct air outflow.
Según esta constitución, el aire que accede a la cámara que forma el tubo concéntrico (5) alcanza los orificios (6) de éste y antes de llegar al cuerpo o difusor poroso (4) desemboca en una cámara lineal y común (7) que, como se acaba de decir, une todos los orificios (6) , lográndose una igualación de las presiones.According to this constitution, the air that enters the chamber that forms the concentric tube (5) reaches the holes (6) of the latter and before reaching the body or porous diffuser (4) flows into a linear and common chamber (7) that , as just said, it joins all the holes (6), achieving an equalization of the pressures.
Al llevar poca velocidad el aire en su salida, a través del difusor (4) , la distribución se realizará en correspondencia con la superficie superior acotada por el arco (8) de la figura 3≤, mientras que la superficie inferior acotada por el arco (9) es una superficie inútil por la que no saldrán burbujas, impidiendo así que las burbujas que pudieran salir por la parte inferior resbalasen por el contorno inferior del propio difusor y se lograse una unión de esas burbu¬ jas que lógicamente llevaría consigo una total falta de homogeneización de la masa líquida.When the air is low speed at its exit, through the diffuser (4), the distribution will be made in correspondence with the upper surface bounded by the arc (8) of Figure 3≤, while the lower surface bounded by the arc (9) is a useless surface from which bubbles will not come out, thus preventing the bubbles that could come out from the bottom to slide down the lower contour of the diffuser itself and a union of these bubbles was achieved that would logically lead to a total lack of homogenization of the liquid mass.
Por lo tanto, en base al difusor descrito, cuando se sumerge en líquido, éste pasará al interior del tubo (5) por la zona inferior, que es donde están los orificios (7) , hasta alcanzar una determinada altura en el momento en que se equilibren las presiones del aire o gas existente en el interior del propio tubo (5) por la zona superior y la del agua o líquido que inunda el difusor, por lo que éste nunca se llegará a inundar totalmente a diferencia de los difusores descritos en las patentes USA citadas como estado de la técnica.Therefore, based on the diffuser described, when immersed in liquid, it will pass inside the tube (5) through the lower area, which is where the holes (7) are, until reaching a certain height at the moment when the pressures of the air or gas existing inside the tube (5) are balanced by the upper area and that of the water or liquid that floods the diffuser, so that it will never be completely flooded unlike the diffusers described in US patents cited as prior art.
No se considera necesario hacer más exten¬ sa esta descripción para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda el alcance de la invención y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan.It is not considered necessary to make this description more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands the scope of the invention and the advantages derived therefrom.
Los materiales, forma, tamaño y dispo¬ sición de los elementos serán susceptibles de variación, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración a la esencialidad del invento.The materials, shape, size and arrangement of the elements will be subject to variation, provided that this does not imply an alteration to the essentiality of the invention.
Los términos en que se ha descrito esta memoria deberán ser tomados siempre con carácter amplio y no limitativo. The terms in which this report has been described should always be taken broadly and not limitatively.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
is.- Sistema de generación de microbur- bujas en masa líquida, que basándose en la utilización de difusores porosos (2) situados sobre ramas (1) pertenecientes a una instalación mediante la que se pretende homogeneizar una masa líquida por inyección de burbujas de aire en el seno de la misma, siendo aplíca¬ ble fundamentalmente en procesos electrolíticos, transferencias de gases, de depuración de aguas, pis¬ cifactorías y similares, esencialmente caracterizado porque los correspondientes difusores porosos (2) van dispuestos en paralelo formando una malla con las co- rrespondientes ramas (1) de la instalación, estando cada difusor poroso (2) constituido por una pieza tubular (4) de naturaleza porosa, en cuyo interior va montado concéntricamente un tubo (5) de plástico, cuya parte inferior está afectada de orificios calibrados (6) que desembocan en una cámara lineal y común (7) antes de alcanzar el propio cuerpo (4) del difusor poroso, habiéndose previsto que dicho tubo concéntrico (5) vaya perfectamente ajustado en el interior del cuerpo (4) de material poroso.is.- System for generating microbubbles in liquid mass, which based on the use of porous diffusers (2) located on branches (1) belonging to an installation through which it is intended to homogenize a liquid mass by injection of air bubbles within it, being applicable mainly in electrolytic processes, gas transfers, water purification, fish farms and the like, essentially characterized in that the corresponding porous diffusers (2) are arranged in parallel forming a mesh with the corresponding branches (1) of the installation, each porous diffuser (2) being constituted by a tubular piece (4) of porous nature, inside which a plastic tube (5) is concentrically mounted, the lower part of which is affected by calibrated holes (6) leading to a linear and common chamber (7) before reaching the body (4) of the porous diffuser, having said that your concentric bo (5) fits perfectly inside the body (4) of porous material.
2 -- . - Sistema de generación de microbur¬ bujas en una masa líquida, según reivindicación 1 -- , caracterizado porque la sección de los orificios (3) de cada rama principal (1) de la instalación es superior a la suma de la superficie de los orificios calibrados y de salida (6) previstos en el tubo concéntrico (5) de cada difusor poroso (2) . two -- . - System for generating microbubbles in a liquid mass, according to claim 1 -, characterized in that the section of the holes (3) of each main branch (1) of the installation is greater than the sum of the surface of the holes calibrated and outlet (6) provided in the concentric tube (5) of each porous diffuser (2).
PCT/ES1992/000008 1991-01-18 1992-01-17 System for generating microbubbles in a liquid mass WO1992012788A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP92503065A JPH05505342A (en) 1991-01-18 1992-01-17 System that generates microbubbles in liquid

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES9100133A ES2027605A6 (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 System for generating microbubbles in a liquid mass.
ESP9100133 1991-01-18

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JP (1) JPH05505342A (en)
AU (1) AU1176992A (en)
CA (1) CA2078565A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO1992012788A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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NO317340B1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2004-10-11 Oxseavision As New oxygen oxygenation device
BE1020820A3 (en) * 2012-07-05 2014-05-06 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv AERATION DEVICE, ITS USE, AND WATER TREATMENT PLANT WITH SUCH AERATION DEVICE.
WO2017187646A1 (en) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 憲司 久木野 Nano-sized bubble generating device capable of arbitrarily adjusting bubble diameter distribution

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1271718A (en) * 1960-08-06 1961-09-15 Assembly of diffuser elements for water purification
US3279773A (en) * 1963-10-31 1966-10-18 Albert L Schwartz Gas distributing structure
US3911068A (en) * 1973-07-02 1975-10-07 Jock Hamilton Pool chlorination diffuser
DE3744608A1 (en) * 1987-12-31 1989-07-13 Schumacher Sche Fab Verwalt Device for introducing gases into liquids
US4960546A (en) * 1989-04-19 1990-10-02 Charles E. Tharp Diffuser mounting arrangement for waste water aeration systems

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1271718A (en) * 1960-08-06 1961-09-15 Assembly of diffuser elements for water purification
US3279773A (en) * 1963-10-31 1966-10-18 Albert L Schwartz Gas distributing structure
US3911068A (en) * 1973-07-02 1975-10-07 Jock Hamilton Pool chlorination diffuser
DE3744608A1 (en) * 1987-12-31 1989-07-13 Schumacher Sche Fab Verwalt Device for introducing gases into liquids
US4960546A (en) * 1989-04-19 1990-10-02 Charles E. Tharp Diffuser mounting arrangement for waste water aeration systems
US4960546B1 (en) * 1989-04-19 1996-04-09 Environmental Dynamics Inc Diffuser mounting arrangement for waste water aeration systems

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AU1176992A (en) 1992-08-27
EP0523202A1 (en) 1993-01-20
ES2027605A6 (en) 1992-06-01
CA2078565A1 (en) 1992-07-19
JPH05505342A (en) 1993-08-12

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