WO1992011706A1 - Frequency and time slot synchronization using adaptive filtering - Google Patents
Frequency and time slot synchronization using adaptive filtering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992011706A1 WO1992011706A1 PCT/US1991/009409 US9109409W WO9211706A1 WO 1992011706 A1 WO1992011706 A1 WO 1992011706A1 US 9109409 W US9109409 W US 9109409W WO 9211706 A1 WO9211706 A1 WO 9211706A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- frequency
- signals
- determining
- produce
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/0035—Synchronisation arrangements detecting errors in frequency or phase
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2675—Frequency synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2678—Time synchronisation
- H04B7/2681—Synchronisation of a mobile station with one base station
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
- H04B7/2678—Time synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
- H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
- H04L2007/047—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal using a sine signal or unmodulated carrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to the field of communications and particularly to frequency and time slot synchronization in a mobile communication environment.
- TDMA time domain multiple access
- the different base stations in a cellular radiotelephone system maintain very accurate frequency references, but utilize different transmission frequencies, and possibly different time slot alignments.
- a mobile radiotelephone is handed off from one cell to another in a cellular
- the mobile may need some minor frequency adjustment, as well as complete time slot
- FCCH frequency correction channel
- BCCH broadcast control channel
- the base band signal of the FCCH is a frequency correction burst (FCB), a pure tone (sine wave) at 67.5 kHz, consisting of 148 samples, sent priodically and it always occurs in time slot zero of the data stream.
- FCB frequency correction burst
- the offset between the carrier frequencies of the base station and the mobile radiotelephone is translated to the base band as a deviation from 67.5 kHz.
- the boundaries of the FCB delineate the time slots of the TDMA structure. From the FCCH detected, the mobile radiotelephone synchronizes its local oscillator frequency and time slot boundaries with those of the base station using the frequency correction burst in the FCCH time slot.
- the synchronizing process of the present invention is comprised of the steps of filtering a received signal with adaptive filtering means, buffering this signal in storage means, and determining if the frequency correction tone is present, (the detection process). This also establishes the boundaries of the TDMA time slots. When this frequency correction tone is present, filtering the buffered signal and determining the difference between the frequency of this filtered signal and 67.5 kHz, (the carrier frequency offset estimation process).
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the process of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows the TDMA, multiframe, broadcast control channel format.
- FIG. 3 shows a typical radiotelephone, using the process of the present invention, for use in a TDMA type system.
- the process of the present invention provides rapid frequency and time slot synchronization between a mobile radiotelephone and the base station with which it is
- the input to this process is one of the two base band quadrature signals, the I or Q data stream, sampled at one sample per bit-time, from the receiver of the radiotelephone.
- This signal, labeled x n in FIG. 1, is initially filtered by a second order, infinite impulse response
- IIR bandpass filter 1031
- Both the gain and the pole of this filter are adaptive.
- the gain is adjusted in order to maintain substantially unity gain through the filter, that is, the energy at the output is equal to the energy at the input.
- the pole of the filter is moved so that the passband of the filter encompasses the received signal.
- the signal output from the filter is labeled y n .
- the energy of the input signal and the energy of the filtered signal are then estimated in the energy estimation blocks (103 and 104).
- the input and the output energies, E(x) n+1 and E(y) n+1 , are compared in the gain adaptation block (105) and the gain of the filter is adapted to match the input and filtered signal energies. This adapted gain is then fed back to the filter.
- This comparison and adaptation is performed as follows:
- b n+1 b n (1+ ⁇ b (g n+ ⁇ -1)) where b n+1 is the gain in the adaptive filter and ⁇ b is the gain adaptation coefficient and is set to 0.077 for the gain adaptation operation.
- the pole adaptation block (102) estimates the
- the pole of the adaptive filter is adapted toward this frequency and the new pole location is fed back to the filter (101). This operation is as follows:
- a n+1 ⁇ p a n +(1- ⁇ p )r ⁇ n+1
- ⁇ n is an instaneous pole estimate and ⁇ p is the pole adaptation coefficient and is set to 0.083 for the pole adaptation operation.
- the adaptive filter tracks a pure tone, such as in the frequency correction burst, all the energy in the input signal is in the band of the bandpass filter. Unit gain can thus be achieved through the filter (101) with the lowest value of the filter gain. This condition is checked to determine the instantaneous presence of a tone in the tone detection block (106). If g n+1 is less than a threshold of 1.2 and b n+1 is less than a threshold of f(a n ), then the tone is present.
- the timer block (107) measures the length of time for which the tone present condition persists. If this tone is present for at least 100 samples in the preferred embodiment, the presence of the frequency correction burst has been verified. This integration prevents the algorithm from falsely detecting a signal, that, for short periods, may appear like a narrowband signal.
- the signal, x n that was input to the filter (101), is also stored in a shift registered buffer (108). Once it has been determined that this stored signal is the frequency correction burst, the signal from the buffer (108) is input to the band-pass filter (101) again using optimum coefficients, a * and b * , determined during the detection process. Since the passband of the filter (101) is now tuned to the frequency of the frequency correction burst, after the above adaptation process, it passes this signal without attenuation, and filters out the background noise, thus improving the effective signal-to-noise ratio.
- y n+1 b * X n+1 + a * y n + (- r 0 2 ) y n-1
- the filtered signal, y n is next processed using a Least Squared Error estimation process to generate a frequency estimate, q * , of the base band tone.
- the difference between q * and p/2 (67.5 kHz) is the frequency offset between the carrier frequencies of the base station and the mobile radiotelephone. This is entered to the local oscillator circuit of the radiotelephone to compensate for the carrier frequency offset. The above described process is performed periodically to keep the mobile radiotelephone locked to the base station carrier frequency.
- the I and Q decoder block contains the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
- Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9216946A GB2256993B (en) | 1990-12-17 | 1991-12-11 | Frequency and time slot synchronization using adaptive filtering |
DE4193255A DE4193255C2 (en) | 1990-12-17 | 1991-12-11 | Frequency synchronization method and mobile radio telephone for use in a TDMA-type cellular communication system |
SE9202350A SE504792C2 (en) | 1990-12-17 | 1992-08-14 | Frequency and time slot synchronization using adaptive filtering |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US62853590A | 1990-12-17 | 1990-12-17 | |
US628,535 | 1990-12-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992011706A1 true WO1992011706A1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
Family
ID=24519302
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1991/009409 WO1992011706A1 (en) | 1990-12-17 | 1991-12-11 | Frequency and time slot synchronization using adaptive filtering |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU636263B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2071552C (en) |
DE (2) | DE4193255T (en) |
FR (1) | FR2671248B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2256993B (en) |
IL (1) | IL100366A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1250962B (en) |
SE (1) | SE504792C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992011706A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0643545A1 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-15 | Alcatel Mobile Communication France | Method for determining, by a mobile station of a radiocommunication system with several types of cells, the type of cell to which it is attached |
EP0762698A2 (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 1997-03-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Frequency estimation using iterative filtering, particularly for cellular telephony system |
EP0881849A2 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-02 | Alcatel | Radio communication system with fixed and mobile radio equipment |
WO2000001095A1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-01-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method, apparatus and system for determining a location of a frequency synchronization signal |
SG79976A1 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2001-04-17 | Nec Corp | Radiotelephone unit |
US6278699B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2001-08-21 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Synchronization techniques and systems for spread spectrum radiocommunication |
EP1472812A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-11-03 | Harris Corporation | Wideband ranging process for frequency acquisition |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2534603B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2019-07-31 | Michell Instruments Ltd | System for analysing the frequency of a signal, a method thereof and a system for measuring the relative phase between two input signals |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4317220A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1982-02-23 | Andre Martin | Simulcast transmission system |
US4466130A (en) * | 1982-10-04 | 1984-08-14 | Ael Microtel Limited | Two pilot frequency control for communication systems |
US4802191A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-01-31 | National Research Development Corporation | Data transmission using a transparent tone-in band system |
US4977580A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-12-11 | Northern Telecom Limited | Timing and carrier recovery in TDMA without preamble sequence |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3508069C2 (en) * | 1985-03-07 | 1993-12-02 | Aeg Mobile Communication | Single-wave radio with re-adjusted transmitter frequency |
ATE98070T1 (en) * | 1989-03-16 | 1993-12-15 | Siemens Ag | FREQUENCY REFERENCE SIGNAL DETECTION CIRCUIT. |
-
1991
- 1991-12-11 AU AU91692/91A patent/AU636263B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-12-11 GB GB9216946A patent/GB2256993B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-11 DE DE19914193255 patent/DE4193255T/de active Pending
- 1991-12-11 DE DE4193255A patent/DE4193255C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-11 WO PCT/US1991/009409 patent/WO1992011706A1/en active Application Filing
- 1991-12-11 CA CA002071552A patent/CA2071552C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-13 IL IL10036691A patent/IL100366A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-17 IT ITRM910944A patent/IT1250962B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-17 FR FR9115662A patent/FR2671248B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-08-14 SE SE9202350A patent/SE504792C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4317220A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1982-02-23 | Andre Martin | Simulcast transmission system |
US4466130A (en) * | 1982-10-04 | 1984-08-14 | Ael Microtel Limited | Two pilot frequency control for communication systems |
US4802191A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1989-01-31 | National Research Development Corporation | Data transmission using a transparent tone-in band system |
US4977580A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-12-11 | Northern Telecom Limited | Timing and carrier recovery in TDMA without preamble sequence |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2709894A1 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-17 | Alcatel Mobile Comm France | A method of determining, by a mobile station of a cellular radio system, the type of the cell to which it is attached, mobile station and base station. |
US5535424A (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1996-07-09 | Alcatel Mobile Communication France | Method enabling a mobile station of a cellular mobile radio system with more than one type of cell to determine the type of cell it is accessing, and mobile station and base transceiver station for implementing this method |
AU680013B2 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1997-07-17 | Alcatel N.V. | Mobile radio cell recognition |
EP0643545A1 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-15 | Alcatel Mobile Communication France | Method for determining, by a mobile station of a radiocommunication system with several types of cells, the type of cell to which it is attached |
EP0762698A3 (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 2000-09-27 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Frequency estimation using iterative filtering, particularly for cellular telephony system |
EP0762698A2 (en) * | 1995-08-15 | 1997-03-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Frequency estimation using iterative filtering, particularly for cellular telephony system |
EP0881849A3 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2001-02-07 | Alcatel | Radio communication system with fixed and mobile radio equipment |
EP0881849A2 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-02 | Alcatel | Radio communication system with fixed and mobile radio equipment |
SG79976A1 (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 2001-04-17 | Nec Corp | Radiotelephone unit |
US6278699B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2001-08-21 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Synchronization techniques and systems for spread spectrum radiocommunication |
WO2000001095A1 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-01-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method, apparatus and system for determining a location of a frequency synchronization signal |
US6356608B1 (en) | 1998-06-29 | 2002-03-12 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method, apparatus, and system for determining a location of a frequency synchronization signal |
AU757757B2 (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2003-03-06 | Optis Wireless Technology, Llc | Method, apparatus and system for determining a location of frequency synchronization signal |
MY120816A (en) * | 1998-06-29 | 2005-11-30 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Method, apparatus and system for determining a location of a frequency synchronization signal. |
EP1472812A2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-11-03 | Harris Corporation | Wideband ranging process for frequency acquisition |
EP1472812A4 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2005-05-04 | Harris Corp | Wideband ranging process for frequency acquisition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9202350D0 (en) | 1992-08-14 |
SE9202350L (en) | 1992-08-14 |
FR2671248B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 |
AU9169291A (en) | 1992-07-22 |
DE4193255C2 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
IL100366A (en) | 1995-05-26 |
CA2071552A1 (en) | 1992-06-18 |
DE4193255T (en) | 1992-12-10 |
SE504792C2 (en) | 1997-04-28 |
IL100366A0 (en) | 1992-09-06 |
IT1250962B (en) | 1995-04-24 |
AU636263B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 |
ITRM910944A0 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
GB2256993B (en) | 1995-06-21 |
CA2071552C (en) | 1997-02-25 |
GB9216946D0 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
GB2256993A (en) | 1992-12-23 |
FR2671248A1 (en) | 1992-07-03 |
ITRM910944A1 (en) | 1993-06-17 |
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