WO1992009354A1 - An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases - Google Patents

An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992009354A1
WO1992009354A1 PCT/EP1991/002214 EP9102214W WO9209354A1 WO 1992009354 A1 WO1992009354 A1 WO 1992009354A1 EP 9102214 W EP9102214 W EP 9102214W WO 9209354 A1 WO9209354 A1 WO 9209354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
sound
acoustic
exhaust gases
sound sources
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1991/002214
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph Magill
John Mcginley
Karl Richter
Original Assignee
European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) filed Critical European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom)
Priority to JP4500312A priority Critical patent/JPH06509406A/en
Publication of WO1992009354A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992009354A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
    • B01D49/006—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods by sonic or ultrasonic techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases, which are to flow through the chamber and which are exposed therein to an acoustic field.
  • the acoustic chamber according to this document is only suited for small fume flow rates, since with greater flow rates, the helical laminar path of the fume flow changes into a turbulent flow. Further, the pressure losses at passing through the chamber are important and may require an additional fan to finally expulse the exhaust gases into the chimney.
  • the object of the invention is to adapt such a chamber to the use in the industrial field, i.e. with greater flow rates, and at the same time to reduce the pressure losses in the chamber.
  • the acoustic chamber which comprises the features of the charac ⁇ teristic part of claim 1. Contrary to the known aerosol cham ⁇ ber, the exhauts gases flow through the chamber along its axis in a straight line, while the sound field fills the chamber in a multiply broken way. Simultaneously, by using several sound sources, an optimal sonorisation of the chamber is achieved without the different sound waves influencing each other. For constructional reasons it is useful to give the chamber a square or hexagonal constant cross-section.
  • Figure 1 shows in perspective an outside view of a chamber according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows an axial cross-section through this chamber.
  • Figure 3 shows means that can be used for varying the length of the chamber between the sound sources and the reflectors.
  • Figure 1 shows an acoustic chamber according to the invention for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases. It is integrated into an installation for cleaning fumes and has, in this envi ⁇ ronment, the task to coagulate the fine particles to larger dust particles, which can then be separated by a mechanical filter (not shown).
  • the exhaust gases are supplied to the chamber via an inlet duct 1 in the direction of arrow 2, the chamber consisting of three duct portions disposed in align ⁇ ment, i.e. a first duct portion 3, on which are mounted sound transmitters 4 and 5, a duct portion 6, in which the inter ⁇ action between the sound field and the fume particles is in ⁇ tended to take essentially place, and a duct portion 7, to which are mounted sound reflectors 8 and 9.
  • the ducts have a square cross-section and are traversed linearly by the fumes without any encumbrance.
  • the sound sources 4 and 5 are asso ⁇ ciated to and respectively of two adjacent sides of the duct portion 3 and are disposed in such a way that their axis hits the respective opposite wall under an angle of for example 60°.
  • the reflectors 8 and 9 are mounted on the duct portion 7.
  • the sound source 4 and the associated reflector 9 as well as the sound field resulting therefrom in the duct por- tion 6 are represented. If the length of the central duct portion 6 is chosen appropriately, and if the sound source 4 and the reflector are precisely aligned to each other, this results in a stationary sound field as indicated.
  • Figure 2 might also be regarded as an orthogonal cross-sec ⁇ tion, which runs through the sound source 5 and the reflector 8.
  • the sound source operates for example at a frequency of 20 kHz and the length of the chamber between the sound sources and the reflectors lies between 1 and 3 meters. If lower fre- quencies are used, for example 10 kHz, a stationary sound field could be produced in a substantially longer chamber of up to 6 meters, which means that the fumes stay longer in the chamber and thus the coagulation effect is increased.
  • the total acoustic power invested is for example 300 Watt, a high- er efficiency being possible also in this case with lower frequencies.
  • a double flange is used at one end of the central duct portion.
  • this duct portion is not directly screwed to the reflectors or sound sources, but via an inter ⁇ mediary member 10, the length 11 of which can be varied in axial direction of the duct by screw bolts 12, the wall conti ⁇ nuity being ensured by two wall portions 13 and 14 sliding one on the other.
  • the plurality of bolts 12 distributed over the duct periphery can be coupled to a common drive motor (not shown) by a chain 15, so that the length variation can be obtained by the operator at any time and in a precise manner.
  • ducts with hexagonal or even octogonal cross-section can be used and then three or four sound sources can be associated to the three or four facing wall pairs. It is also possible to invert the direction of sound propagation for all or only for single ones of the acoustic systems consisting of sound transmitter and reflector and to dispose the sound transmitters on the side of the duct portion 7 for gas evacuation.
  • the chamber can be mounted, as desired, with horizontal, inclined or vertical axis.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an acoustic chamber (3, 6, 7) for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases, which are to flow through the chamber and which are exposed therein to an acoustic field. According to the invention, the chamber has a regular polygonal cross-section and the sound sources (4, 5) transmit sound waves into thechamber under such an angle that the sound is repeatedly reflected from the walls of the chamber before it hits on the other end of the chamber a sound reflector (8, 9). Due to the intensive irradiation, fine dust particles are put into vibration and coagulate to larger grains, which can then be filtered away.

Description

TITLE OF THE INVENTION
An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases
The invention relates to an acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases, which are to flow through the chamber and which are exposed therein to an acoustic field.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
Exhaust gases often contain very fine solid particles, the rate of which is to be reduced as much as possible before the exhaust gases are freed into the environment. Up to now, such dust filters use either electrostatic fields or mechanical processes (cyclone or venturi separators) which are very ex¬ pensive and the filter effectiveness of which remains limited.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
From Spanish patent 459 523 a proposal is known to use an ultrasound chamber for the cleaning of fumes. In this patent, a sound field is produced in a tube axially to its axis and the gases to be cleaned are helically led through the tube, the particles being put into vibration and interaction by the sound field, so that they agglomerate. Then, the larger par¬ ticles can be evacuated from the exhaust gases by simple me- chanical filters.
The acoustic chamber according to this document is only suited for small fume flow rates, since with greater flow rates, the helical laminar path of the fume flow changes into a turbulent flow. Further, the pressure losses at passing through the chamber are important and may require an additional fan to finally expulse the exhaust gases into the chimney.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to adapt such a chamber to the use in the industrial field, i.e. with greater flow rates, and at the same time to reduce the pressure losses in the chamber.
This object is achieved according to the invention by the acoustic chamber which comprises the features of the charac¬ teristic part of claim 1. Contrary to the known aerosol cham¬ ber, the exhauts gases flow through the chamber along its axis in a straight line, while the sound field fills the chamber in a multiply broken way. Simultaneously, by using several sound sources, an optimal sonorisation of the chamber is achieved without the different sound waves influencing each other. For constructional reasons it is useful to give the chamber a square or hexagonal constant cross-section.
By the measure according to claim 3, it becomes possible to direct the sound sources precisely to the associated reflec¬ tors, which leads to an optimal energy efficiency.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention will now be described by means of a preferred embodiment and with reference to the drawings.
Figure 1 shows in perspective an outside view of a chamber according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows an axial cross-section through this chamber.
Figure 3 shows means that can be used for varying the length of the chamber between the sound sources and the reflectors.
Figure 1 shows an acoustic chamber according to the invention for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases. It is integrated into an installation for cleaning fumes and has, in this envi¬ ronment, the task to coagulate the fine particles to larger dust particles, which can then be separated by a mechanical filter (not shown). The exhaust gases are supplied to the chamber via an inlet duct 1 in the direction of arrow 2, the chamber consisting of three duct portions disposed in align¬ ment, i.e. a first duct portion 3, on which are mounted sound transmitters 4 and 5, a duct portion 6, in which the inter¬ action between the sound field and the fume particles is in¬ tended to take essentially place, and a duct portion 7, to which are mounted sound reflectors 8 and 9. The ducts have a square cross-section and are traversed linearly by the fumes without any encumbrance. The sound sources 4 and 5 are asso¬ ciated to and respectively of two adjacent sides of the duct portion 3 and are disposed in such a way that their axis hits the respective opposite wall under an angle of for example 60°. In the same way, the reflectors 8 and 9 are mounted on the duct portion 7. In the cross-section view according to figure 2, the sound source 4 and the associated reflector 9 as well as the sound field resulting therefrom in the duct por- tion 6 are represented. If the length of the central duct portion 6 is chosen appropriately, and if the sound source 4 and the reflector are precisely aligned to each other, this results in a stationary sound field as indicated.
Figure 2 might also be regarded as an orthogonal cross-sec¬ tion, which runs through the sound source 5 and the reflector 8. The sound source operates for example at a frequency of 20 kHz and the length of the chamber between the sound sources and the reflectors lies between 1 and 3 meters. If lower fre- quencies are used, for example 10 kHz, a stationary sound field could be produced in a substantially longer chamber of up to 6 meters, which means that the fumes stay longer in the chamber and thus the coagulation effect is increased. The total acoustic power invested is for example 300 Watt, a high- er efficiency being possible also in this case with lower frequencies.
In order to be able to precisely stabilize the acoustic length between the sound sources and the reflectors, it is suggested to render the length of the central duct portion 6 slightly variable and to allow this length to be precisely varied. To this end, for example, a double flange, as it is shown in detail in figure 3, is used at one end of the central duct portion. At this point, this duct portion is not directly screwed to the reflectors or sound sources, but via an inter¬ mediary member 10, the length 11 of which can be varied in axial direction of the duct by screw bolts 12, the wall conti¬ nuity being ensured by two wall portions 13 and 14 sliding one on the other. The plurality of bolts 12 distributed over the duct periphery can be coupled to a common drive motor (not shown) by a chain 15, so that the length variation can be obtained by the operator at any time and in a precise manner.
In order to keep the reflection at the duct walls as lossfree as possible, it is advisable to keep the surface roughness of the inner side of the ducts as low as possible, such that, if possible, there are no protuberances exceeding 1 mm.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiment described by means of the drawings. Thus, ducts with hexagonal or even octogonal cross-section can be used and then three or four sound sources can be associated to the three or four facing wall pairs. It is also possible to invert the direction of sound propagation for all or only for single ones of the acoustic systems consisting of sound transmitter and reflector and to dispose the sound transmitters on the side of the duct portion 7 for gas evacuation.
Due to the linear and practically undisturbed flow cross-sec¬ tion of the chamber for the fume to be filtered, the pressure losses can be kept small, so that there is no need for an additional fan. The chamber can be mounted, as desired, with horizontal, inclined or vertical axis.

Claims

1. An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases, which are to flow through the chamber and which are exposed therein to an acoustic field, wherein the chamber has a regular polygonal cross-section with 2k sides and wherein k sound sources are provided, the axes of which, projected on a cross-section plane of the chamber, include an angle of 180/k degree and who are each associated to a respective side wall of the chamber, and that k reflectors are likewise disposed, the sound sources transmitting sound waves into the chamber under such an angle with the chamber axis that the sound is- repeatedly reflected from the walls of the chamber before it hits on the other end of the chamber a sound reflector, which is likewise disposed in an inclined position, so that a stationary wave is formed and that the exhaust gases flow through the chamber linearly and along the chamber axis.
2. An acoustic chamber according to claim 1, wherein k is two or three.
3. An acoustic chamber according to claim 1, wherein means are provided allowing to change the length of the chamber between the sound sources and the reflectors.
4. An acoustic chamber according to claim 1, wherein the sound sources are capable to excite a sound field at a frequency of below 25 kHz.
PCT/EP1991/002214 1990-11-27 1991-11-25 An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases WO1992009354A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4500312A JPH06509406A (en) 1990-11-27 1991-11-25 Acoustic chamber for exhaust gas fog treatment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU87850A LU87850A1 (en) 1990-11-27 1990-11-27 ACOUSTIC CHAMBER FOR AEROSOL TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GAS
LU87850 1990-11-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992009354A1 true WO1992009354A1 (en) 1992-06-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1991/002214 WO1992009354A1 (en) 1990-11-27 1991-11-25 An acoustic chamber for the aerosol treatment of exhaust gases

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0488097B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06509406A (en)
CA (1) CA2097070A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59102932D1 (en)
IE (1) IE913839A1 (en)
LU (1) LU87850A1 (en)
PT (1) PT99614A (en)
WO (1) WO1992009354A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6210470B1 (en) * 1994-07-28 2001-04-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Ultrasonic gas separator
CN105999979A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 东南大学 Apparatus for operating suspension particles by discrete differential wall surfaces, and method thereof
DE102016002600A1 (en) * 2016-03-06 2017-09-07 WindplusSonne GmbH Aerosol cleaning and separation for surface coatings and fibers
WO2017153038A2 (en) 2016-03-06 2017-09-14 WindplusSonne GmbH Method and device for separating and/or cleaning aerosols and solid material particles and fibers from gas and solid material particles and fibres from fluids by acoustophoresis
DE102018008259A1 (en) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Smart Material Printing B.V. Filter systems for suspended particles with particle sizes from 400 pm to ≤500 μm and their use
US11291939B1 (en) 2021-07-13 2022-04-05 Smart Material Printing B.V. Ultra-fine particle aggregation, neutralization and filtration
US12005388B2 (en) 2022-07-26 2024-06-11 Smart Material Printing B.V. Apparatus and methods for air filtration of HVAC systems

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GB9114670D0 (en) * 1991-07-08 1991-08-28 Bicc Plc Apparatus for processing fluids,especially molten polymers
US5769913A (en) * 1993-03-11 1998-06-23 Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas Multifrequency acoustic chamber for the agglomeration and separation of particles suspended in gaseous effluents
ES2067396B1 (en) * 1993-03-11 1997-11-01 Consejo Superior Investigacion MULTIFREQUENCY ACOUSTIC CHAMBER FOR THE AGGLOMERATION AND SEPARATION OF PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION IN GASEOUS EFFLUENTS.
GB2362115A (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-14 Ford Global Tech Inc Removal of particles from ic engine exhaust gas using sound
JP4691718B2 (en) * 2004-06-02 2011-06-01 本多電子株式会社 Separation apparatus and liquid fractionation apparatus using the same
JP4691719B2 (en) * 2004-06-02 2011-06-01 本多電子株式会社 Separation apparatus and liquid fractionation apparatus using the same
JP4669885B2 (en) * 2005-02-24 2011-04-13 ボルボ テクノロジー コーポレイション Apparatus and method for removal of particles in a gas stream
WO2011152796A1 (en) 2010-06-04 2011-12-08 Empire Technology Development Llc Acoustically driven nanoparticle concentrator
NL1039053C2 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Stichting Wetsus Ct Excellence Sustainable Water Technology Device and method for a bioreactor, catalysis reactor or crystallizer without internals.
NL1039051C2 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-21 Stichting Wetsus Ct Excellence Sustainable Water Technology Filter and filtration method for purifying and/or sampling a liquid.
US9764304B2 (en) 2012-05-14 2017-09-19 Empire Technology Development Llc Acoustically driven nanoparticle concentrator
CN103877824B (en) * 2014-04-10 2015-12-09 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 Based on the Combustion Energy origin system fine particle emission reduction device of acoustic agglomerator principle
CN110215787B (en) * 2019-05-31 2024-02-27 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Acoustic wave reinforced fine particulate matter removing device and removing method
CN113982181B (en) * 2021-10-08 2022-11-08 江阴市维沃保温材料有限公司 Double-sided color steel inorganic silicon crystal smoke-preventing and exhaust air pipe plate and processing technology thereof

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US2215484A (en) * 1938-10-10 1940-09-24 Us Government Sonic flocculator and method of flocculating smoke or the like
DE884721C (en) * 1949-11-29 1953-07-30 Atlas Werke Ag Method and device for coagulating solid suspended particles in gases by means of sound waves
DE947264C (en) * 1950-02-26 1956-08-16 Fruengel Frank Dr Ing Device for the ultrasonic treatment of flowing fluids
LU56134A1 (en) * 1967-05-26 1969-02-10

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2215484A (en) * 1938-10-10 1940-09-24 Us Government Sonic flocculator and method of flocculating smoke or the like
DE884721C (en) * 1949-11-29 1953-07-30 Atlas Werke Ag Method and device for coagulating solid suspended particles in gases by means of sound waves
DE947264C (en) * 1950-02-26 1956-08-16 Fruengel Frank Dr Ing Device for the ultrasonic treatment of flowing fluids
LU56134A1 (en) * 1967-05-26 1969-02-10

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6210470B1 (en) * 1994-07-28 2001-04-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Ultrasonic gas separator
DE102016002600A1 (en) * 2016-03-06 2017-09-07 WindplusSonne GmbH Aerosol cleaning and separation for surface coatings and fibers
WO2017153038A2 (en) 2016-03-06 2017-09-14 WindplusSonne GmbH Method and device for separating and/or cleaning aerosols and solid material particles and fibers from gas and solid material particles and fibres from fluids by acoustophoresis
US11938421B2 (en) 2016-03-06 2024-03-26 WindplusSonne GmbH Method and device for separating and/or cleaning aerosols and solid material particles and fibers from gases as well as solid material particles and fibers from liquid materials by acoustophoresis
CN105999979A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 东南大学 Apparatus for operating suspension particles by discrete differential wall surfaces, and method thereof
CN105999979B (en) * 2016-05-31 2017-11-24 东南大学 A kind of devices and methods therefor of discrete differential wall manipulation suspended particulate
DE102018008259A1 (en) * 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Smart Material Printing B.V. Filter systems for suspended particles with particle sizes from 400 pm to ≤500 μm and their use
WO2020078577A1 (en) 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Smart Material Printing B.V. Particle filter with ultrasound device
US11291939B1 (en) 2021-07-13 2022-04-05 Smart Material Printing B.V. Ultra-fine particle aggregation, neutralization and filtration
US11478742B1 (en) 2021-07-13 2022-10-25 Smart Material Printing B.V. Ultra-fine particle aggregation, neutralization and filtration
US12005388B2 (en) 2022-07-26 2024-06-11 Smart Material Printing B.V. Apparatus and methods for air filtration of HVAC systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE913839A1 (en) 1992-06-03
PT99614A (en) 1994-01-31
EP0488097B1 (en) 1994-09-14
CA2097070A1 (en) 1992-05-28
LU87850A1 (en) 1992-08-25
DE59102932D1 (en) 1994-10-20
JPH06509406A (en) 1994-10-20
EP0488097A1 (en) 1992-06-03

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