Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
  • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
  • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
  • F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
  • F26B15/143—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts the receptacles being wholly or partly foraminous, e.g. containing a batch of loose material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
  • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
  • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
  • F26B15/16—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by wheeled trucks

Definitions

• the object of the invention is a method and device for drying cones, in. which the cone mass is treated by blowing warm air through the mass and is necessary wetting the cone mass.
• the invention is also directed to a cone drying and treatment apparatus intended to implement the method in which there is a bin allowing air penetration and a warm air device for blowing - warmed air through the cone mass located in the bin.
• the main purpose of the treatment of the cone mass is to produce as many germinable seeds as possible per unit of weight of cone mass. Thus purely quantitative production is not sufficient, but rather the seeds obtained must be germinable for there to be benefit from large production. In present types of driers more efficient drying e.”g. by heating the air or lengthening the heating period generally cause a reduction in germinabi1it .
• the intention of this invention is to remove the aforementioned defects and to create a new kind of efficient method and device for the treatment and drying of cones, by means of which it is possible to produce seeds with a great germinability substan- tially more efficiently than previously.
• the characteristic features of the method in accordance with the invention are presented in Patent Claim 1 and the characteristic features of a device implementing a corresponding method are presented in Patent Claim 6.
• the invention is to a great extent based on the observation that homogenous drying is only possible up to an absolutely determinable mass limit in the same way that it is possible to absolutely determine the maximum layer thickness of the cone mass being treated. Because of this the cone mass must be divided into sufficiently small batches and the drying and treatment stage must be carried out separately for each batch of cones. It is then possible to copy the phenomena taking place in nature better.
• Phenomena of this kind are variations in temperature, moisture content, atmospheric pressure, and amount of light. Other advantageous forms of application and advantages of the invention appear in the examples of ap ⁇ plication shown later.
• Figure 1 shows the treatment apparatus seen from the side.
• Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the apparatus in Figure 1 a point II - II.
• Figure 3 shows a corresponding cross-section to that in Figure 2, but with the bins in the transfer position.
• the device in accordance with the invention is formed of a kind of conveyor, in which the cone drying bins 2 are sequentially connected to one another be means of intermediate pieces 5, and the corners of the bins have Wheels 4 to transport them along the desired track.
• the bins are transferred to the device in the transfer position in the upper circulation 9 along track 6 and in the lower circulation 8 along track 7, which tracks are formed of beams set in the sides of the device.
• the upper track 6 is formed at the transfer stage, as is described later.
• the conveyor has a normal pulley wheel 10 to transfer the bins from the lower circulation 8 to the upper circulation 9.
• the arrangement is more complicated.
• the wheels 4 of the bins are permitted to drop onto the cable 16 at the end of the track 6, which leads them to the lower circulation 8. In this way a rapid emptying movement is achieved, in which the bins turn quickly into a downwards sloping position to drop the cones into the hopper 19, which is shown in Figure 1 with broken lines.
• the upper funnels 1 are connected to the output channel 12 by means of a flexible connection 11.
• the flexible connection 11 permits the funnels to be raised by about 10 cm..
• the size of the bins is 1200 mm. x 500 mm. x 300 mm.. In this case about 40 kg. of fresh cones will fit each bin (in a layer of about 10 cm.), when it is taken into consideration that the volume of the cones will increase as much as 2,5 times in drying. In an apparatus intended for proper production operation the size of the bins is greater (capacity about 65 kg.) being, however, sufficiently small that the homogenous treatment of the entire batch is possible. In principle the size of the batch may be 10 - 100 kg, with an optimum size of batch of 50 - 70 kg, when a suitable flow resistance over the cone layer is achieved with a practical fan output. In the experimental apparatus each lower funnel 3 had its own fan, with an output of 0,15 - 0,20 m 3 /s at a counterpressure of 250 Pascals.
• Figures 2 and 3 show how the transfer of the bins 2 is carried out.
• Figure 2 corresponds to the situation in Figure 1 and there the input connection 23 of the lower funnel 3 and the output connection 20 of the upper funnel 1 are attached to bin 2.
• the bins 2 of the upper circulation 9 lie on top of the fixed lower funnels 3 and the carrying wheels 4 are in the air.
• Upper funnel 1 is correspondingly set by its own weight on top of bin 2.
• Figure 2 shows that at this stage the track 6 is at a distance to the carrying wheels 4.
• the lifting cylinder 13 first lifts the upper funnels 1 clear of the bins 2 by means of beam 14, but beam 6 should come upwards by a pre-set amount until it contacts carrying wheel 4.
• the upper circulation bins 2 rise along with the upper funnel 1, when gaps 17 and 18 are created between input and output connections 23, 20 are the flanges 21, 22 of bin 2.
• this stepped hydraulic cylinder 15 can be used to move the bins forward by one unit.
• the upper funnels 1 include wetting nozzles and the lower funnels drain connections (not shown) .
• the upper funnels include ultra-violet lamps for lighting the cone mass (not shown) .
• Independent units include control automation, by means of which among other things the heat blowing is controlled on the basis of the temperature of the incoming air and data based on experience. For more accurate' control the system would include measurement of the moisture content of the outgoing air.
• the apparatus can either be used in such a way that all the bins are filled and all the stages are carried out for each bin with the same unit, or each unit can specialize to provide heating, wetting, or other treatment, in which case the bins are moved one step at a time.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
• Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26158846

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Citations (3)

• 1991
  • 1991-02-28 FI FI910988A patent/FI88652C/fi active
  • 1991-11-05 CA CA002094508A patent/CA2094508A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-11-05 AU AU87323/91A patent/AU8732391A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-11-05 WO PCT/FI1991/000335 patent/WO1992008086A1/en active Application Filing
• 1993
  • 1993-04-30 SE SE9301491A patent/SE505795C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (3)

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