WO1992006519A1 - Ameliorations concernant les reseaux d'antennes radar - Google Patents

Ameliorations concernant les reseaux d'antennes radar Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992006519A1
WO1992006519A1 PCT/GB1991/001684 GB9101684W WO9206519A1 WO 1992006519 A1 WO1992006519 A1 WO 1992006519A1 GB 9101684 W GB9101684 W GB 9101684W WO 9206519 A1 WO9206519 A1 WO 9206519A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
array
radar antenna
axis
along
phased array
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/001684
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter John Wright
Christopher John Tarran
Original Assignee
Roke Manor Research Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roke Manor Research Limited filed Critical Roke Manor Research Limited
Publication of WO1992006519A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992006519A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array

Definitions

  • This invention relates to phased radar arrays and more especially it relates to phased planar array antennas.
  • Planar arrays normally extend in two dimensions perhaps to define a rectangular array, signals being radiated from elements of the array to form a beam which may be steered in accordance with the relative phase of the signals.
  • One of the problems associated with planar array antennas is that sidelobes of transmitted and received radar beams can be unacceptably high.
  • One known way of reducing the amplitude of sidelobes is to amplitude weight signals applied to the elements of the array.
  • Such weighting systems are well known and weighting may be applied in accordance with Hanning, Raised Cosine, or Taylor tapering functions for example.
  • This known weighting technique comprises producing an amplitude taper across the face of the array, which may be achieved by control of the amplitude of signals fed to individual elements in an active array or by using a complex network of power combiners/dividers in association with strip lines which feed power to the elements of the array.
  • Amplitude weighting as aforesaid has the disadvantage that it is inefficient since much of the power generated is lost in the weighting circuits. Moreover, the complexity of the array is significantly increased by the need for the provision of weighting circuitry in addition to the circuitry required for beam steering purposes. In a known alternative system, sidelobes are reduced by arranging the elements of the array in a non-uniform distribution (spatial thinning).
  • a disadvantage of this kind of array is that a spatial thinning of the elements produces grating lobes at unacceptably high levels.
  • a phased array radar antenna comprises a structure which serves to support a co-ordinate array of uniformly spaced radiating elements, wherein the height of the array along one axis thereof is tapered away from the centre of the array, thereby to afford a reduction of sidelobes in a plane orthogonal to the said one axis.
  • the tapering may be arranged to be uniform about the array centre along one axis thereby to produce an array which is symmetrical about the array centre along the said one axis.
  • the element spacing may be arranged at approximately a half wavelength. This enables the formation of grating lobes to be avoided, and, since the elements of the array are each fed with power at full amplitude, without weighting, the array efficiency is not compromised.
  • the taper function used to determine the height of the array from point to point along its length and thus the effective outline of the array may be calculated in accordance with a known function such as a Hanning function, a Raised Cosine function or a Taylor function, which as hereinbefore described may be used to calculate weighting functions in known amplitude weighted systems.
  • the vertical height i.e the number of elements in each vertical column of elements is chosen to provide a required taper function across the array in accordance with the philosophy used i.e. a Hanning function, a Raised Cosine function or a Taylor function for example.
  • Figure 1 is a somewhat schematic plan view of a planar radar array comprising a plurality of elements each of which is shown.
  • a planar radar array comprises a plurality of elements 1 arranged to define in combination a co ⁇ ordinate array of rows and columns of elements.
  • the height of the elements in a vertical direction x is varied along the length y of the array to define a taper which extends symmetrically on each side of a centre line indicated by an arrow 2.
  • the number of the elements 1 in each column of the array may be calculated in accordance with a Hanning, or a Taylor function for example in a similar manner to the manner in which weighting coefficients would be calculated in know systems.
  • Amplitude weighting either side of the centre line 2 may be applied so that the amplitude of signals to each side of the centre line 2 is reduced whereby a reduction of sidelobes in the vertical plane is also achieved.
  • Each radiating element will be fed via an associated phase shifter and appropriate strip line networks to provide beam steering and beam formation.
  • a planar array as hereinbefore described may be embodied in one or more sides of an aircraft and thus the substrate which supports the elements of the array may form part of an aircraft superstructure.
  • the elements 1 of the array as shown in Figure 1 may comprise any known form and for example may comprise shaped radiator pads, raised studs, miniature dipoles or radiating cavities. It will also be appreciated that various modifications may be made to the arrangement hereinbefore described without departing from the scope of the invention and for example amplitude modulation in one plane may be achieved by means of attenuators, dividers or power combiners which may form a part of, or which may be included in, strip lines associated with each antenna.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Antenne radar de réseau piloté en phase comprenant une structure servant de support à un réseau coordonné d'éléments radiants uniformément espacés, dans laquelle la hauteur du réseau le long d'un de ses axes diminue à mesure que l'on s'éloigne du centre du réseau, de manière à réduire le nombre de lobes latéraux sur un plan orthogonal par rapport audit axe tout en conservant l'efficacité de la fonction d'émission/réception.
PCT/GB1991/001684 1990-10-04 1991-09-30 Ameliorations concernant les reseaux d'antennes radar WO1992006519A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9021638A GB2248521A (en) 1990-10-04 1990-10-04 Radar antenna arrays
GB9021638.3 1990-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992006519A1 true WO1992006519A1 (fr) 1992-04-16

Family

ID=10683263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/001684 WO1992006519A1 (fr) 1990-10-04 1991-09-30 Ameliorations concernant les reseaux d'antennes radar

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0479507A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05503826A (fr)
AU (1) AU8638091A (fr)
CA (1) CA2070277A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2248521A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992006519A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040025113A (ko) * 2002-09-18 2004-03-24 한국전자통신연구원 부엽레벨 억압을 위한 마이크로스트립 패치 배열 안테나

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2324912B (en) * 1994-04-18 1999-02-24 Int Mobile Satellite Org Beam-forming network
GB2532206A (en) * 2014-11-06 2016-05-18 Bluwireless Tech Ltd Antennas
US10637154B2 (en) * 2016-06-10 2020-04-28 Intel IP Corporation Array antenna arrangement
JP6801013B2 (ja) 2016-06-24 2020-12-16 ビ−エイイ− システムズ パブリック リミテッド カンパニ−ＢＡＥ ＳＹＳＴＥＭＳ ｐｌｃ 航空機のレーダーアセンブリ
EP3261180A1 (fr) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-27 BAE Systems PLC Ensemble radar d'aéronef
CN112134032A (zh) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-25 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 一种基于子阵排列的相控阵天线及其系统

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE 1980 INTERNATIONAL RADAR CONFERENCE April 1980, ARLINGTON , US pages 263 - 270; SMITH: 'SPACE DENSITY TAPERED ARRAYS FOR AIRBORNE SURVEILLANCE RADAR' see page 265 *
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION. vol. 30, no. 6, November 1982, NEW YORK US pages 1176 - 1183; LAXPATI: 'Planar Array Synthesis with Prescribed Pattern Nulls' see page 1182, right column, line VII - page 1183, left column; figures 1-14 *
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEE vol. 125, no. 3, March 1978, STEVENHAGE GB pages 185 - 189; F.HODJAT: 'Electronic scanning antenna using a nonuniformly-spaced planar array' see abstract; figures 3,6,8,13 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040025113A (ko) * 2002-09-18 2004-03-24 한국전자통신연구원 부엽레벨 억압을 위한 마이크로스트립 패치 배열 안테나

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8638091A (en) 1992-04-28
CA2070277A1 (fr) 1992-04-05
JPH05503826A (ja) 1993-06-17
GB9021638D0 (en) 1991-04-24
EP0479507A1 (fr) 1992-04-08
GB2248521A (en) 1992-04-08

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