WO1992006346A1

WO1992006346A1 - Sighting device

Info

Publication number: WO1992006346A1
Application number: PCT/EP1991/001892
Authority: WO
Inventors: Karl Kilper
Original assignee: Karl Kilper
Priority date: 1990-10-06
Filing date: 1991-10-04
Publication date: 1992-04-16
Also published as: DE4031776A1

Abstract

In a sighting device with a fore-sight and a diopter (19), the diopter is vertically and laterally adjustable by means of a compound slide rest having a horizontal slide and a vertical slide, with adjustment spindle drives. In order to detect relative displacements of the vertical slide (48) with respect to a frame (33) fastened to the gun, as well as relative displacements of the horizontal slide (49) with respect to the vertical slide (48), an electronic incremental measurement system (28) is provided per slide, which generates characteristic output signals exclusively for relative displacements of the slides (48 and 49) with respect to each other or to the gun from arbitrarily selectable initial positions XO and YO of the horizontal slide and vertical slide, respectively. These output signals form a measurement for incremental changes of position and can be counted by an electronic evaluation unit. The electronic evaluation unit has memory elements in which various competition positions - lying, kneeling, standing - can be stored as optimally associated pairs of values (XL, YL; XK, YK and XS, YS) with respect to the initial position (XO, YO). Displays allow the characteristic pairs of values for the instant position and for the optimal positions of the diopter to be visualized.

Description

Sighting device

The invention relates to a sighting device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Visor devices of this type are generally known due to obvious prior use at home and abroad.

Such sighting devices are required in particular in shooting sport multi-position competition - lying, kneeling, standing, so that the shooter for each shooting position, with which an individually different rifle position is generally linked, an optimal course of the through the optical axis of the diopter and the grain of the Gewehrs certain sight line ^¬ can set, the optimal sight setting must be determined by trial shooting, which is time consuming and means additional effort in competition.

Although the shooter can already determine the optimum for the ver ^¬ different competitive positions settings of the sight before the competition and satisfies the requirements Ein¬ position of spindle drives sled record to fall back in competition on it were "gespeicher¬ te" data of the diopter bearing Kreuz¬ to be able to. The relevant notation must be made in spindle revolutions and fractions of such revolutions, in practice a readability of 1/10 revolutions is possible and a 1/10 revolution corresponds to an adjustment by 5/100 mm. The spindle knob is designed so that after every 1/10 turn it finds a locking position in which it remains securely fixed. In the known visor devices, an incremental adjustability in increments of 5/100 mm is thus provided. In order as far as possible Spiel¬ freedom of the spindle drives to achieve the spindle nuts are formed can be braced, such that they each with half the num _ber of their threads on the one hand "of the left" and other ^¬ hand "from right" her to stand on with them into engagement ¬ create the threads of the threaded spindle with a minimum preload. Regardless of this, due to stick-slip effects - due to the prestressing of the spindle nuts - the accuracy of the reproducibility of the settings noted is no better than 5/100 mm in the order of magnitude. It can be improved - slightly - by moving to a certain position always in the same direction, which in each case requires the target position to be passed and the position to be returned to in a setting direction, which is tedious and is complex and increases the likelihood of making mistakes when hiring, with the result that the shooting in takes a long time and costs forces that are then lacking in the competition.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a sighting device of the type mentioned at the outset which makes it much easier to set the diopter to the positions which are optimal for the respective competition positions, enables these settings to be carried out with increased accuracy and significantly reduces the probability of incorrect settings.

This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1. By means of the electronic or opto-electrical measuring systems provided below for the detection of diopter positions related to a defined position, which only signal a change in position if the position of the diopter has actually changed, is - of course within the achievable measurement accuracy - ensures that the displayed positions and the actually taken positions of the diopter are identical, whereby problems of the reproducibility of defined settings are practically completely eliminated.

Due to the possibility of storing the optimal position ^¬ values and their accessibility is also ensured that the shooter rapid access to the optimum position has data and can verify a sighting adjustment easily.

The design of the measuring systems used in accordance with the invention, which is used in accordance with the invention, can easily be achieved using conventional technical means and is optimal insofar as the incremental adjustability is at most in the percentage range of the adjustment strokes which are required for adjusting the diopter to the respectively optimal shooting positions .

The choice or fixing of a starting position Xo, Yo, from which adjustment strokes of the diopter in the two coordinate directions are "counted", is particularly expedient if at least approximately a position of the diopter suitable for one of the possible competitive positions is assumed wirc ?. The amounts of the positions to be displayed then remain minimal.

Due to the marking, storage and retrieval function control provided according to claims 4 to 6, there are only a few for the appropriate use of the sighting device Controls required, their user-friendly arrangement on the cross slide is easily possible.

By designing X displays and Y displays according to claims 7 and 8, the arrangement of display fields symbolizes, as it were, the adjustment direction and thereby also facilitates the interpretation of the position data shown.

The preferred design of the sighting device according to claim 9, such that the shooter, e.g. can obtain a representation of the difference between the actual position of the diopter and its target position for a specific shooting position in the manner specified by claim 10 has the advantage that the target position is reached by a 0.0- Display is shown, ie the shooter does not need to worry about the adjustment directions in practice, but knows that he has reached the desired rear sight position as soon as the 0.0 display is realized.

The realization of a largely free play of the adjustment drives of the cross slide according to claim 11 by one-sided spring loading of its two coordinate slides is constructively possible according to claims 12 and 13 with the help of relatively weakly preloaded springs, so that stick-slip effects in the Adjustment can be largely excluded and the accuracy of the measuring systems can be fully exploited.

Finally, the features of claims 14 to 16 provide suitable arrangements of elements of capacitive and / or photoelectric measuring systems which, overall, allow a simple construction of the sighting device in such a way that the functional elements to be connected to a voltage or current source are all connected to the housing of the cross slide can be arranged, which is also the mechanical support of the displays.

Exemplary embodiments of the sighting device according to the invention are described and explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a simplified side view of a sighting device according to the invention in the use position on a sports rifle, with a diopter arranged on a cross slide that is adjustable in height and on the side,

2 is a view of the cross slide of the sighting device according to FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow II of FIG. 1, with the diopter removed,

3 shows a side view of the cross slide "from the right" in the direction opposite to the viewing direction of FIG. 1,

4 shows the cross slide of the sighting device in section along the plane IV-IV of FIG. 2 - the longitudinal center plane of the cross slide running parallel to the barrel axis of the rifle,

5 is a view of the cross slide of the sighting device in the direction of arrow V of FIG. 1,

6 shows a frame of the cross slide according to FIGS. 1 to 5 which can be mounted on a rifle and on which the vertical slide of the cross slide can be moved vertically up and down, 7a the cross slide in section along the plane Vlla-Vlla of Figure 4,

7b the cross slide in a view from above, partly in section along the plane VIII-VIIb of the figure,

7c shows a further top view of the cross slide of the sighting device, partly in section along the plane VIIc-VIIc of FIG. 5,

8a shows the design of two capacitors of a capacitive measuring system which generates characteristic output pulses for incremental changes in the diopter position, which can be evaluated in units of change steps both according to the amount and the change direction of the position,

8b, the capacitors of the measuring system in section along the line VIII-VIII of Figure 8a,

8 c diagrams for explaining the variation of the and 8 d capacitances of the capacitors according to FIGS. 8a and 8b as a function of deflections of the capacitor electrodes relative to a common capacitor electrode,

9a shows an optoelectronic incremental displacement measuring system operating in reflection mode with a function analogous to the measuring system according to FIG. 8a,

9b shows a further optoelectronic measuring system with an analog function, which is designed for an optical transmission operation, 9c shows an arrangement of glass scales that can be used as moiré systems in the measurement systems according to FIGS. 9a and 9b, which can be used in reflection or transmission mode, and intensity and signal-course diagrams to explain the Function of the glass scales in the context of measuring systems according to FIGS. 9a and 9b,

9d special arrangements of two display fields each of and 9e of the measuring systems individually assigned LCD displays and

9f is a matrix representation of memory elements of an electronic evaluation unit of the measuring systems, by means of which vertical and horizontal adjustment strokes of the two supports of the cross slide can be detected.

In Fig. 1 a total of 10 is a sighting device for a sports rifle 11, e.g. an air rifle or a small-bore rifle is shown, which is used in sporty shooting competitions in multi-position combat - lying, kneeling, standing.

The line of sight 12, which in the usual firing position of the rifle 11 runs at a vertical clearance from the barrel 13 of the rifle 11 to its central longitudinal axis 14, slightly inclined, whereby the parabolic projectile path is taken into account for a predetermined distance from the target (not shown), is of the barrel and a centra .. _^ aperture 18 of a determined overall by 19 designated diopters, by the arrangement of near the orifice plane _' "6 13 attached thereto grain 17 by the shooter - which is not shown - through the grain 17 Targeted. The diopter 19 is required in a manner known per se, that is, with a variable width of its aperture 18 and the possibility of introducing graduated gray filters and the use of color filters in the sighting beam path.

The grain 17 is designed for the purpose of explanation as a so-called beam grain, which is accommodated in a cylinder jacket-shaped grain tunnel 21, the upper transverse edge 22 of the beam grain running at the height of the central longitudinal axis 23 of the grain tunnel 21 - "horizontally" - which in turn runs at a vertical distance h from the central axis 14 of the gun barrel 13, parallel to it.

Since the shooter in the different competition shooting positions - lying, kneeling and standing - inevitably results in different rifle positions, although in the respective competition position he always keeps the rifle 11 in the same way, the rifle position of Competition position to competition position, however - slightly - is varied, with the result that the orientation of the line of sight 12 is also slightly different in each case, the diopter 19, the arrangement of which on the grain 17 determines the direction of the line of sight 12, mounted on a cross slide shown in detail in FIGS. 4 to 9, designated overall by 24, which on the one hand has a height adjustment, ie an adjustment of the "vertical" distance H of the central axis 26 related to the central axis 14 of the rifle barrel 13 the central aperture 18 of the diopter 19 allows and on the other hand a lateral adjustment of the same, in de m meaning that a lateral distance of the central axis 26 of the aperture 18 of the diopter 19 from the "vertical" longitudinal center plane 27 (Fig. 2,5) of the rifle 11 is adjustable, with respect to which the rifle 11 is essentially symmetrical is formed, this longitudinal center plane 27 of the rifle 11, provided that it is of conventional design, is marked by the central longitudinal axis 14 of the barrel 13 and the central longitudinal axis 23 of the grain tunnel 21.

The cross slide 24 is provided with two electronic or opto-electronic measuring systems, generally designated 28 (FIG. 7a) or 29 (FIG. 4), which - in digital format - provide displays which, based on an arbitrary one, can be selected Basic position Xo, Yo, are a measure of the "height" or "side" setting of the diopter 19.

The measuring systems 28 and 29 are designed as incremental encoder systems which, in a typical design, have a displacement resolution of 1/100 mm. Capacitive measuring systems, as known from the technology of electronically measuring and indicating calipers, are suitable, as are optoelectronic measuring systems which can be implemented using so-called glass scales and are used in mechanical engineering e.g. for the actual position value detection of tool slides on NC or CNC-controlled machine tools are widely used.

Insofar as the term "vertical" adjustment of the diopter 19 or "horizontal" adjustment or adjustment is used below, this is intended to mean changes in the position of the diopter 19 in the direction of the double arrow 31 in FIG. 1, ie when the rifle 11 is in the normal firing position, and on the other hand - seen in the same rifle position - horizontal adjustments of the rear sight position which are made in the direction of the double arrow 32 of FIGS. 2 and 7a to 7c.

Before going into the intended use of the two measuring systems 28 and 29 in more detail below, Let me first explain the mechanical structure of the cross slide 24 carrying the diopter 19 and refer to the relevant details of FIGS. 2 to 7c.

The cross slide 24 comprises as a rifle-proof element a generally designated 33 stable rectangular frame with vertical guide legs 34 and 36 and these interconnecting, upper and lower cross legs 37 and 38. To fix this frame 33 to the gun barrel 13, the frame 33 is rectangular to the frame center plane 39, extending from the underside of the lower transverse arm 38, provided with a total of 41 designated dovetail base, the dovetail prismatic legs 42 and 43 in longitudinal grooves 44 and 46 complementary to this and insertable cross section of the barrel 13 of the rifle and insertable thereon can be fixed frictionally by means of clamping means, not shown. Height-adjustable on the frame 33 - by means of a spindle drive, generally designated by 47 - is arranged a vertical carriage, generally designated by 48, which can be moved up and down.

On this vertical slide 48, a “horizontal” slide, which can be pushed back and forth, is arranged in a horizontal manner, which can be adjusted in the horizontal direction marked by the double arrow 32 by means of a further, generally indicated 51 spider drive.

The vertical slide 48 consists of a housing part designated overall by 52, which projects as a stable, relatively thick-walled U-profile with a plate-shaped yoke leg 53 at right angles - according to the illustrations in FIGS. 4 and 5 and 7a to 7c - projecting downwards lateral profile legs 54 and 56 is formed. The ge between the facing inner surfaces of these side profile legs 54 and 56 Its clear distance corresponds to the width b of the frame 33 measured between the outer surfaces 57 and 58 of the vertical guide legs 34 and 36 of the gun-fixed frame 33. The two profile legs 54 and 56 of the U-profile-shaped housing part 52 are on their inner sides each provided with a triangular prism guide prism 59 or 61, which with V-shaped guide grooves 62 and 63 of the frame 33, which extend over its entire height hu, are in sliding positive engagement and an exact Ver ^¬ tikalführung ver¬ forward of the vertical carriage 48 on the frame 33rd

The parallel profile legs 54 and 56 of the housing part 52 have, seen in the side views of FIGS. 1 and 3, the shape of rectangular trapezoids, the narrow end faces 64 and 66 adjoining the upper and lower base edges at right angles to the end face 67 facing the shooter Connect the frame 33 (Fig. 7b). On this side, a front plate 68 is attached to the housing part 52, which is formed symmetrically to the vertical longitudinal center plane 27 of the housing part 52 and the frame 33 and is provided with a downwardly open recess 69, the vertical edges of which are perpendicular to its upper transverse edge connect. The horizontal clear width a of this recess 69 of the Frontplat ^¬ te 68 corresponds to the horizontal inside width of the Fenster¬ opening 71 of the frame 33, so that in the in the Fig. 2 darge set center position of the cross slide 24 in which its vertical longitudinal center plane 27 coincides with the vertical longitudinal center plane 27 'of the frame 33, the lateral vertical edges of the frame window 71 are aligned with the vertical edges of the recess 69 in the front plate 68.

The clearance measured between the upper transverse edge 72 of the recess 69 and the lower free edges 73 of the front plate 68 Height b of the recess 69 is selected so that in the position of the vertical slide 48 corresponding to a middle height setting of the diopter 19, from which the height setting of the diopter 19 can be changed up and down by the same amount , the upper transverse edge 72 of the recess 69 of the front plate 68 at the level of the upper transverse edge 74 of the window opening 71 of the frame 33 and the lower transverse edge 73 of the front plate 68 at the level of the lower transverse edge 76 of the frame 33.

The spindle drive 47, by means of which the vertical slide 48 can be adjusted in height in the direction of the arrow 31, consists of a threaded bolt 78 which can be rotated by means of a rotary knob 77 and which is in a bore 79 in the yoke leg 53 of the housing part 52 about the central, vertical axis 81, which in the Section line of the vertical longitudinal center plane 27 'of the frame 33 with its frame center plane 39 running at right angles to it, is rotatable but axially immovably mounted, and from a threaded bore 82 coaxial with this central axis 81 and penetrating the upper transverse leg 37 of the frame 33 , with which the threaded bolt 78 is in meshing engagement. A formation of the threads of the threaded bolt 78 and the threaded bore 82 of the frame 33 as a right-hand thread is achieved by turning the rotary knob 77 in the clockwise direction represented by the arrow 83 of FIG. 7c, a lowering of the vertical slide 48, which is equivalent to this is that the - small - acute angle between the line of sight 12 (FIG. 1) and the central longitudinal axis 14 of the gun barrel 13 is reduced, which, when the shooter targets the target along the line of sight 12 thus set, leads to that, provided precise sighting, the shot in the target is lower than if a larger height H of the diopter 19 above the barrel axis 14 had been set. Conversely, turning the rotary knob 77 in the counterclockwise direction represented by the arrow 84 in FIG. 7c causes the vertical slide 48 to be raised relative to the central longitudinal axis 14 of the gun barrel 13 and thus also the hit on the target when the target is precisely aimed Target is higher than with a previously taken vertical setting.

The vertical spindle drive 47 thus also enables the sighting device 10 of the rifle 11 to be adjusted to the target distance.

The horizontal slide 49 is transversely to the vertical longitudinal center plane 27 of the housing by means of a horizontal spindle drive 51 on guide rods 86 and 87, which extend between the lateral profile legs 54 and 56 of the vertical slide housing 52 and are firmly connected to the latter Ses 52 movable, the basic shape according to cuboid block 88, the largest vertical central plane 89 of which extends parallel to the central plane 39 of the gun-fixed frame 33 of the vertical slide 48, this block 88, viewed along the longitudinal central plane 27, at a small clear distance from the frame 33 is arranged. This block 88 of the horizontal slide 49 is provided with a central, circular recess 90, the central axis 91 of which runs parallel to the central axis 14 of the barrel 13 of the rifle 11. Coaxial with the central axis 91 of the block opening 89, a tubular extension 92 is arranged on the side facing the frame 33 and passing through its window opening 71 and a short distance far beyond the visible side of the cross slide 24 facing the shooter. which is provided at its free end with an internal thread 93 into which the diopter 19 can be screwed with a tubular extension 95 which is provided with an external thread 94, this Threaded piece runs coaxially with the optical axis 26 of the diopter 19. In the "vertical" and "horizontal" middle positions of the vertical slide 48 and the horizontal slide 49 shown in FIG. 2, from which the vertical slide 48 by equal amounts up and down and the horizontal slide 49 by equal amounts to the left and right are displaceable, the central axis 91 of the central, circular window recess 89 of the block 88 and its tubular extension 92 runs in the vertical longitudinal center plane 27 'of the frame 33 and halfway up its window opening 71. The vertical and lateral adjustment strokes of the block 88 are by a stop its tubular extension 92 at the upper transverse edge 74 and at the lower transverse edge 96 or the lateral vertical edges 97 and 98 of the window opening 71 of the frame 33.

The nut piece 99 of the spindle drive 51 of the horizontal slide 49 is arranged cantilevered above the central opening 90 of its block 88 in a central upper edge region of this block 88 from its side facing away from the frame 33 parallel to the central axis 91 of the block opening 89 and as an approximately cubic projection formed on which a threaded bore 101 is provided, the central axis 102 of which runs parallel to the guide rods 86 and 87. A threaded spindle 103 meshing with this threaded bore 101 of the nut piece 99 of the block 88, which is rotatable in bores 104 and 106 of the lateral legs 54 and 56 of the housing U-profile 52, but is held axially immovably, is again by means of a rotary knob 107, which is arranged on the right-hand side of the cross slide 24 as seen by the shooter, can be rotated by hand.

In order to achieve freedom from play of the horizontal spindle drive 51, a slightly preloaded coil spring 108 with a small spring rate is provided, which in the illustration of FIG. 7c between the profile leg 54 of the housing U-profile 52 seen from the shooter and the nut piece 99 of the spindle drive is clamped in and coaxially surrounds the threaded spindle 103 on the section running therebetween. By means of this spring 108, the threads of the threaded bore 101 of the nut piece 99 are permanently held in one-sided contact with the threads of the threaded spindle 103.

For the analog purpose - freedom from play of the vertical spindle drive 47 - two likewise slightly preloaded helical springs 109 and 111 (FIG. 5) are provided, which are accommodated over a section of their length by blind bores 112 and 113 of the frame 33 which are open at the top and are supported on the one hand on the bottom of these blind bores 112 and 113 and on the other hand on the underside of the yoke leg 53 of the housing U-profile 52. These blind bores 112 and 113 are arranged according to the representations of FIGS. 6 and 7a and 7b within the base areas of the lateral - vertical - frame profile legs 34 and 36 symmetrically to its vertical longitudinal center plane 27 *.

The spindle drives 47 and 51 are designed to be self-locking, so that the slide positions are not influenced by the prestressing of the coil springs 108, 109 and 111. The blind bores 112 and 113 are arranged in the area between the central plane 39 of the frame 33 and its side of the frame 33 facing away from the shooter.

For an explanation in the context of the cross slide 24 suitable measuring systems 28 and 29, reference should first be made to FIGS. 8a to 8d, on the basis of which the structure and function of a capacitive measuring system 28 and 29, which is used both to detect changes in position and to explain the basic principle of the vertical slide 48 and the horizontal slide 49 suitable is. To simplify the explanation, reference is only made to the measuring system 28 of the vertical slide 48.

The measuring system 28 contains two plate capacitors 114 (Ci) and 116 (C2), which are shown in the semi-schematic representation of FIG. 8a both by their circuit symbols and in terms of their geometric design. These two capacitors 114 and 116 have a total of 117 identified ^¬ items, common capacitor plate which is fixed to the frame 33 of the cross slide 24, and one each generally designated 118 and 119, respectively, relative to the fixed capacitor plate 117 jointly movable capacitor plate , which are arranged on a common, flat-plate-shaped carrier 121 made of insulating material. The common capacitor plate 117 is also applied to such an insulating carrier 122. The capacitor plates or electrodes 11 and 118 and 119 are formed as thin layers of conductive material, for example silver or gold, which are vapor-deposited on the carriers 122 and 121, and by means of the carriers 122 and 121 are arranged in mutually opposing - vertical - longitudinal grooves 123 or 124 (FIG. 7a) of the one vertical guide leg 34 of the frame 33 or the front plate 68 of the housing part 52 which can be moved up and down in the direction of the double arrow 31, such that between the capacitor plates 117 and 118 and 119 a narrow gap 126 remains, the clear width measured perpendicular to the mutually parallel planes of the capacitor plates 117 and 118 and 119 being one of the geometrical influencing variables determining the capacitances 114 and 116. With regard to the further geometric influencing variables determining the capacitances Ci and C2 of the two capacitors 114 and 116, namely the surface configuration of the capacitor plates 117 and 118 and 119, the capacitors 114 and 116 are designed such that their capacities Ci and C2 are if the moveable Capacitor plates 118 and 119 are shifted relative to the common capacitor plate 117 - in one or the other direction represented by the double arrow 31 - periodically change as a function of the displacement path, the capacitances Ci and C2 of the two capacitors 114 and 116 each vary between maximum and minimum values Cimax and Cmin or C ₂ max and C2Bin, the amounts of which are the same for both capacitors 114 and 116. The periodicity lengths of the variation of the capacitances Ci and C2 of the two capacitors 114 and 116, that is to say the displacement distance by which the capacitor plates 118 and 119 of the two capacitors 114 and 116 relative to the common capacitor plate 117 are based on an arbitrary starting position must be shifted in one or the other direction, represented by the arrow 31, until the value of the capacitance Ci or C2 given for the starting position is obtained again, has the same value d for both capacitors 114 and 116, the amount of which in a typical design of the measuring system 28 is 50 μm. The jointly movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 of the two capacitors 114 and 116 are arranged on their carrier 121, viewed in the displacement direction 31, offset by d / 4 from one another.

The two capacitors 114 and 116 common Kondensatoren¬ plate 117 with respect to the perpendicular to the two supports 12 and 122 of the movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 and the - stationary - common capacitor plate 117 duri ^¬ fenden longitudinal center plane 127 symmetrically of the capacitor assembly 114, 116 formed and consists of conductor strips 128 which run transversely - at right angles - to this longitudinal center plane 127 and strip-shaped conductor tracks 129 and 131 which conductively connect them to one another and run parallel to the longitudinal center plane 127 and which are in the vicinity of the longitudinal edges 132 and 133 of the carrier 122 of the common capacitor plate 117 run. The parallel to the longitudinal center plane 127 of the capacitor arrangement 114, 116 measured width of the conductor strips 128 is d / 4 and accordingly the distance of adjacent transverse edges 134 and 136 measured parallel to the longitudinal center plane 127 in the longitudinal direction of successive conductor strips 128 3d / 4.

Also arranged on the common carrier 121 Kondensa¬ door panels 118 and 119 of the capacitors 114 and 116 consist of transversely - perpendicular - to the longitudinal median plane 127 of the condensate ^¬ sator assembly 114, 116 extending, flags shaped printed conductor strip 138 or 139 parallel to the longitudinal median plane 127 Measured width d / 4, which, however, have free longitudinal edges 137 and 141 running at a distance from the longitudinal center plane 127 and only in the area of their longitudinal edges arranged at a distance from one another by a strip-shaped strip running parallel to the longitudinal center plane 127 of the capacitor arrangement 114, 116. Mige interconnects 142 and 143 are conductively connected to each other. The jointly movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 of the capacitors 114 and 116 accordingly have the shape of comb electrodes which, viewed in their possible direction of displacement 31, are arranged offset by d / 4 on their common carrier 121.

In the position of the movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 shown in FIG. 8a with respect to the common capacitor plate 117 of the capacitors 114 and 116, in which the flag-shaped conductor strips 138 of the movable capacitor plate 118 of the capacitor 114 have the largest possible surface area Lapping with the conductor strips 128 of the common capacitor plate 117 and the flag-shaped conductor strips 139 of the movable capacitor plate 119 of the capacitor 116 are arranged directly next to the continuous conductor strips 128 of the common capacitor plate 117, the capacitance of the capacitor 114 has its maximum value Ciaax, while the capacity tat of the other capacitor 116 corresponds to their mean value C2a between the maximum value C2ma and the minimum value C∑min.

If, from this starting position, indicated in the idealized graphs of FIG. 8c and 8d with xo, the Trä ^¬ ger 121 of the two movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 in the direction of arrow 31 ', as shown in FIGS. 8c and 8d to the right displaced, which may correspond to an upward movement of the housing 52 of the cross slide 54, the one capacitor 114 reaches its average capacitance Cia after such a shift by the value d / 4, while the capacitance C2 of the other capacitor 116 reaches its minimum value C2 » 1n reached. After a further shift by the amount d / 4 in the same direction, the minimum value Cimin of the capacitance Ci of the capacitor 114 is reached, while the capacitance C2 of the other capacitor 116 again corresponds to its mean value C2a. Again after a shift by d / 4 in the direction of arrow 31 ', the capacitance Ci of the capacitor 114 again reaches the average value Ci _a , while the capacitance C2 of the other capacitor 116 now corresponds to its maximum value C∑max. After an overall shift by the periodicity length d in the direction 31 ', the capacitance Ci of the capacitor 114 again has its maximum value Cinax, which was in the initial position Xo, and the capacitance C2 of the other capacitor 116 has its value corresponding to the mean value C2a. Starting from the same initial position Xo, when the carrier 121 of the movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 is displaced in the direction of the arrow 31 ″, the capacitance Ci increases according to the illustration 8a to the left, which may correspond to a downward movement of the cross slide housing 52 of the one capacitor 114 first, while the capacitance C2 of the other capacitor 116 initially rises, the capacitances Ci and C2 increasing according to the "D ick" wave trains 144 and 146 Change the displacement of the carrier 121, as can be seen directly from the illustrations in FIGS. 8c and 8d.

The two capacitors 114 and 116 are functional elements of an electronic evaluation unit, denoted overall by 147, which, for the sake of simplicity, are subsequently described on the basis of their

Function is explained, in the knowledge of which a person skilled in the art is able to implement this electronic evaluation unit 147 using conventional means of electronic circuit technology.

The basic structure of the electronic evaluation unit 147 is a capacitance measuring device which continuously detects the capacitance values Ci and C2 of the two capacitors 114 and 116 and generates characteristic electrical signals for this purpose. From the pairs of values Ci, C2, it "recognizes" the position of the - jointly movable - capacitor plates 118 and 119 of the capacitors 114 and 116 relative to their common capacitor plate 117.

From an - analog or digital - differentiating processing of the capacitance values Ci and C _{2 recorded in this way} , the electronic evaluation unit 147 recognizes the change sense of the capacitance values Ci and C2, ie whether the cross slide housing 52 is actuated by the central drive when the spindle drive 47 is actuated Barrel axis 14 further away - moved up - or moved closer to it - moved down - is.

The evaluation unit 147 is designed such that whenever the position of the movable capacitor plates 118 and 119 is changed by 1/100 mm in one direction 31 * or the opposite direction 31 ″, a count pulse is generated which corresponds to the count of a digital counter increased by 1, ie counted positively. when the cross slide housing 52 is raised and counted negatively when the cross slide housing 52 is lowered.

The count of this counter is arranged by means of a on the upper side of the yoke leg 53 of the cross slide housing 52 attached ^¬ LCD display 148 be displayed and can - before the start of height adjustment of the diopter are set 19 by operating a reset key 149 to zero.

The measuring system 29 provided for the detection of changes in position of the horizontal slide 49 relative to the vertical slide 48 is constructed analogously with regard to its structure and its function to the measuring system 28, although the capacitor plates 118 offset by d / 4 in the direction of movement 32 of the horizontal slide 49 and 119 of the condensate ^¬ capacitors 114 and 116 in reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 evident arrangement are fixedly connected to the housing 52 and the gemein¬ same capacitor plate 117 relative to the housing 52 movably mounted to the horizontal carriage 49 is.

The evaluation unit 147 of this measuring system 29 is arranged on the housing 52, the LCD display 151 provided for this measuring system 29 and the reset button 152 of this measuring system 29 being arranged on the left side of the cross slide housing 52, as seen in the sighting direction are.

Instead of capacitive measuring systems 28 and / or 29, as explained with reference to FIGS. 8a to 8d, optoelectronic measuring systems for known construction and functional principles can also be used in the context of the cross slide 24, for which, based on FIGS. 9a to 9f Two - alternative designs for the vertical slide 48 on the one hand and the horizontal slide 49 on the other hand - particularly suitable designs are explained. For the purpose of the explanation, it is assumed that the measuring system 28 shown schematically in FIG. 9 a for the detection of series movements of the vertical slide 48 relative to the rifle-fixed frame 33 and for the detection of relative movements of the horizontal slide 49 relative to the vertical slide 48 the measuring system 29 shown in Fig. 9b at

Embodiment are provided.

Both measuring systems 28 and 29 work with path-dependent periodic modulation of the intensities of at least two light fluxes, which are detected by means of a photoelectric detector 153 and converted into voltage signals proportional to the respective intensities, from their processing in an electronic evaluation unit 147 according to FIG. 8 analog out ^¬ evaluation unit via the LCD displays 148 and 151 in digi¬ Talem format displayable relative position signals are winnable.

The two measurement systems 28 and 29 each consist of a Glasmaß¬ rod 156 and 157 which over the entire range of mög ^¬ union relative movements between the frame 33 of the Kreuzschlit least 24 and the vertical slide 48 and between the Verti¬ kalschlitten to 48 and the horizontal slide 49 and two illumination and detector units 28 'and 28 "or 29' and 29", which are each arranged on one side of the glass scale 156 and 157 and in turn as glass scales 156 'and 156 "and 157 'and 157 "have windows formed, through which the light flows 158, which are subjected to the modulation and emitted by light sources 158, pass through and strike the glass scale 156 and glass scale 157, respectively.

The measuring system 28 according to FIG. 9a is a reflection arrangement, the glass scales 156 and 156 'and 156 "of which have a grating structure of the same grating on their mutually facing surfaces. have a constant, these line grating structures, seen along the common longitudinal center plane 159 (FIG. 9c) of the glass scales 156 and 156 'and 156 ", through reflective strips 161 of the glass scale 156 and reflective strips 161' of the window 156 'of the lighting and detector unit 28 'and reflecting strips 161 "of the detector window 156" of the detector unit 28 "are formed, the extent of which measured in the direction of the longitudinal center plane 159, ie in the direction of displacement 31 of the vertical slide 48, has the amount a / 2, and the by the alternating sequence of translucent, strip-shaped regions 162 and the reflecting strips 161 of one window 156 'and the lattice structure of the other detector window 156 "formed in the alternating sequence by translucent regions 162" and reflecting strips 161 ", in the longitudinal direction 31 seen to 1/4 of the lattice constants a offset from each other are.

The reflective strip 161 of the elongated glass dimensions ^¬ rod 156 and the reflective strips 161 'and 161 "of the windows 156' and 156" of the two lighting and Detektor¬ units 28 'and 28 "of the measuring system 28 according to Fig. 9a than at the mutually facing sides of the glass scales 156 and 156 ′ and 156 ″ arranged aluminum or silver vapor deposition layers, the glass substrate material being assumed to be transparent.

The elongated glass scale 156 of the measuring system 28 is provided on its side facing away from the grating structure 161 with a practically non-reflecting blackening 163 which largely absorbs light and passes between the reflecting strips 161.

Both the elongated glass scale 156 and the - significantly shorter - glass scales forming the windows 156 'and 156 " are formed or arranged symmetrically with respect to the common vertical longitudinal center plane 159. The window width b of the windows 156 'and 156 "measured at right angles to the longitudinal center plane 159 is only approximately 2/3 of the width B of the reflecting strips 161 of the elongated glass scale 156 measured at right angles to the longitudinal center plane 159. The extent 1 of the measured in displacement direction 31 In the exemplary embodiment shown, window 156 "and 156" is equal to twice the clear width b, but can also be significantly smaller and is expediently chosen to be equal to the clear width b.

Deviating from the approximately true-to-scale representation of the geometrical proportions of the elongated glass scale 156 and the windows 156 'and 156 "of the two lighting and detector units 28' and 28" is the number of strips 161 'and 161 "is considerably larger and is 10 mm for a longitudinal extension 1 of the windows 156 'and 156", corresponding to the lattice constant a of 20 μm, 500. Each of the two illumination and detector units 28' and 28 "comprises one with a right angle to its respective glass scale 156 'or 156 "central axis 164 - the optical axis of the respective lighting and detector arrangement 28' or 28" - axially symmetrical, apart from the respective glass scale 156 'or 156 "closed" light-tight " Sene chamber 166, the clear cross-sectional area according to width b and length 1 of the respective glass scale 156 'or 156 "covered window area corresponds. On their side opposite the respective glass scale 156 ′ or 156 ″, these chambers 166 delimiting housings 167 are provided with a blind hole-shaped recess 168, within which the respective light source 158 is arranged. Through the inner edge 169 a perpendicular to the optical axis 164 of the respective lighting Detection and detector unit 28 'or 28 "extending housing stage 171 is formed an aperture limiting the opening angle of a light flux 158 emitted by the light source 158 and represented in FIG. 9a by its marginal rays 172 and 173, the clear cross-sectional shape of which is selected in such a way that that the glass scale 156 'or 156 "of the respective lighting and detector unit 28' or 28" is illuminated by the light beam 172, 173 on - essentially - its entire window surface.

The photoelectric detector 153 of the respective lighting ^¬ and the detector unit 28 'and 28', which is made of a plurality of photosensitive Detekor elements, for example photodiodes or Foto¬ composite detector array transistors formed as a generally frame-shaped semiconductor device, or as a can, is arranged on the inside of the housing step 171 facing the respective glass scale 156 'or 156 ", offset from it by an insulation layer 174, in such a way that it only - essentially - from on the reflective strips 161 of the elongated glass scale 156 and on the reflective ones Strips 161 * and 161 "of glass scales 156 'and 156" of reflected light can be taken.

In order to direct as large a portion of this reflected light as possible onto the detector 153, the inner walls of the measuring system 28 extending between the respective glass scale 156 'or 156 "and the detector 153 of the respective lighting and detector unit 28' and 28" are the Chambers 166 reflect, as indicated schematically by reflecting layers 176 in FIG. 9a.

For the exemplary embodiment used for the explanation, it is assumed that the glass scale 156 is firmly attached to the left vertical guide leg, as seen by the shooter. 34 of the frame 33 is arranged, while the two superposed - lighting and detector units 28 'and 28 "of the measuring system 28 are arranged on the front plate 68 of the housing 52 of the vertical slide 48.

Starting from the initial position Yo shown in FIG. 9c, if the two detector units 28 'and 28 "of the measuring system 28 - together - in the direction of arrow 31", to the right according to FIG. 9c, which indicates an upward movement (Y Direction) of the vertical slide 48, shifted by actuating the rotary knob 77 of the spindle drive 47, then the result for the output signal of the detector 153 (Di) of the illumination and detector unit 28 'is the triangular wave train 177, indicated by the dot-dash line, of the total level curve depicted with 178 designated signal waveform diagram as a function of the displacement path Y, the signal level varying between a maximum value I BB and a minimum value IRBIΠ, which, provided that scattering effects make only a small contribution to the output signal of the detector 153 deliver, which corresponds to the amount of half the value Iκ «ax.

Starting from the same basic position Yo, for the output signal of the detector 153 (D2) of the second illumination and detector stage 28 "of the measuring system 28, the triangular wave train (179), also shown in dash-dotted lines in diagram 180 in FIG. 9c, results as a function of the signal level of the displacement of the lighting and detector unit 28 "relative to the starting position and also the periodic variation between the maximum value IRBB and the minimum value i βin. The two detectors 153 of the lighting and detector units 28 'and 28 "are expediently designed and matched to one another in such a way that their maximum output signal levels I _BB , which arise when the reflective stripes fen 161 'of the glass scale 156' stand exactly "for a gap" between the reflective strips 161 of the glass scale 156 or the reflective strips 161 "of the glass scale 156" for a gap between the reflective strips 161 of the glass scale 156, and also the minimum output signal level Isum, that result when the reflective strips 161 'and 161 "of the glass scale 156' and 156" are arranged with their surfaces exactly overlapping with those of the reflective strips 161 of the glass scale 156, each have the same amounts.

Starting from the starting position shown, in which the reflective strips 161 'of the glass scale 156' become 3/4 of their surface and the reflective strips 161 "of the glass scale 156" become 1/4 of their surface with the "behind" reflective arranged Strips 161 of the glass scale 156 overlap, the vertical slide 48 is lowered, ie shifted in the direction of the arrow 31 ", so that the output signals of the detectors 153 of the two lighting and evaluation units 28 'and 28" result in the triangular wave trains 177 and 179 of the diagrams 178 and 179, respectively, according to the depicting ^¬ lung to the left, constantly continuing periodic pattern according to the triangle wave trains 177 * and 179 '.

The output signals 177 and 179 or 177 'and 179' of the two detectors 153 of the lighting and detector units 28 'and 28 "which periodically vary with the periodicity length - the lattice constant a - of the glass scales 156, 156' and 156" an - electrical - phase shift of 90 ° to each other and are therefore based on their signal level and its sense of change - addition or Abi.- ime - together in units of the shift of the glass scales 156 "and 156" related to an - arbitrarily selectable - initial position Yo evaluable against the glass scale 156, whereby, thanks to the clear variation The output signals 177, 177 'and 179, 179' of the two detectors 158 between the extreme values i min and iRmax in the sense of a linear interpolation can also be used to subdivide the periodicity interval a into smaller incremental steps suitable for display , for example step sizes from 10 μm to 2 μm can be easily represented, ie displacements of the

Glass scales 156 'and 156 "with respect to the glass scale 156 or the increases and decreases in the vertical slide 48 can be detected and displayed with an accuracy of 1/100 mm to 2/1000 mm.

The implementation of a measuring system 28 and / or 29 with the properties explained above is also possible in accordance with the reflection measurement principle explained with reference to FIG. 9a in such a way that the two illumination and detector units 28 'and 28 "are arranged in a fixed manner and oscillatable with respect to these, the elongated glass scale 156 and herverschiebbar be ^¬ is arranged related to the same starting position Yo of the -. henceforth as movable adopted - glass scale 156 to the now to be fixed adopted glass scales 156 'and 156 "are then obtained - depending on the displacement of the glass scale 156 from the initial position Yo for the output signals of the detectors of the two illumination and detector units 28 'and 28 ", the curve curves 181' and 182 ', again drawn in dash-dotted lines in the diagrams 181 and 182 of FIG Shifting the glass scale 156 in the direction of arrow 31 'and continuously connecting to it end triangular wave-shaped curves 181 "or 182" for a displacement of the glass scale 156 in the opposite direction 31 ".

Even with such a realization of the measuring system 28 and / or 29, the output signals of the two detectors 153 of the lighting and detector units 28 'and 28 "have an electrical phase shift of 90 ° relative to one another and are - as already explained above - according to the sense of change and the amount of the change, it can be clearly evaluated and displayed in units of the displacement path.

Such an implementation of an incremental displacement measuring system with an elongated glass scale 156 movable relative to the scanning glass scales 156 'and 156 "is particularly suitable for the measuring system 29 provided for detecting displacements of the horizontal slide 49 relative to the vertical slide 48, the elongated one Glass scale 156 is fixedly connected to the horizontal slide 49 and the two lighting and detector units 28 'and 28 "are firmly mounted on the underside of the plate-shaped yoke leg 53 of the housing 52 of the vertical slide 48, as shown in a schematically simplified representation in FIGS. 4 and 5 removable.

Particularly suitable for this arrangement of the glass scales is the photoelectric measuring system 29 shown in FIG. 9b, which is functionally completely analogous to the measuring system 28 according to FIG. 9a and differs from it only in that, seen in the direction of displacement, an odd number multiple of one quarter a / 4, the lattice constants a gegenein¬ other staggered glass scale 157 'and 157 "of its illumination ^¬ and detector units 29' and 29" as well as for both units 29 'and 29 "used in common, elongated glass scale 157 are used as a transmission grating and accordingly, by means of the two detectors 153, which are each individually assigned to the two lighting and detector units 29 'and 29 ", the intensities of two light fluxes are detected by the two light sources. 158 are transmitted and pass through the glass scales 157 'or 157 "and the" common "glass scale 157 and are accordingly modulated with the same periodicity, but again with a phase position" shifted "by 90 °. The measuring scales 157 and 157 'and 157 "of the measuring system 29 according to FIG. 9b can have the same design as the glass scales 156 and 156' and 156" of the measuring system 28 according to FIG. 9a, namely with reflecting strips 161 and 161 'and 161 ", which form the lattice structures required for the intensity modulation of the light fluxes.

In the measuring system 29, however, instead of reflecting strips 161 of the elongated glass scale 157 and reflecting strips 161 'and 161 "of those with respect to their lattice structures by a / 4 or an odd multiple here of mutually offset glass scales 157' and 157", there may also be such with absorbing - opaque - strips 161 or 161 "and 161" can be used, which are easier to implement in terms of process technology than reflecting strips.

In the measuring system 29, the - divergent - light currents emanating from the light sources 158 of the subunits 29 'and 29 ", which in turn are represented in FIG. 9b by their marginal rays 183 and 184, become through by means of one collimation lens 186 each the marginal rays 183 'and 184' represent collimated parallel bundles, the portions of which not shadowed by the lattice structures of the glass scales 157 and 157 'and 157 "meet the detectors 153 each assigned to the two subunits 29 * and 29".

To the intensities of the glass scales 157 and 157 'and 157 "transmitted light currents _{proportional.} Ausgangs¬ signals of the two detectors 153 of the measuring system 29 vary on displacements of its elongated glass scale 157 gegeüber the glass scales 157' and 157" units of the two Unterein¬ 29 'and 29 "from the assumed starting position xo in the one or the other direction 31 'or 31 "or 32' or 32" (directional information according to FIGS. 1 and 2) according to the triangular wave trains 187 and 187 'of the diagram 181 shown in ^solid lines and according to the triangle Waves 188 and 188 'of the diagram 182 of FIG. 9c, or if the two glass scales 157' and 157 'offset by a / 4 or an odd multiple thereof are "elongated glass scale 157" as a "fixed" grating ¬ are moved according to the triangular wave trains 189 and 189 'of the diagram 178 or the triangular wave trains 191 and 191' of the diagram 180 of FIG. 9c - shown in solid lines.

The output signals 187, 187 'and 188, 188' or 189, 189 'and 191, 191' generated by the two detectors 153 of the measuring system 29, intensity-proportional output signals each have one

- Electrical - phase shift of 90 ° against each other and can therefore, as already mentioned above, be evaluated in terms of amount and change sense in units of position values related to a starting position Xo or Yo.

The visor device 10, which has been explained in this respect on the basis of its construction, is intended and designed for use which is now to be explained in detail and on the basis of which further functions and operating elements of the cross slide 24 are also explained:

The two measuring systems are connected by connecting their evaluation unit (s) 147 to a voltage source, not specifically shown, e.g. a button battery, put into operation by pressing an "on" and "off" button 195.

The shooter who fired the rifle in a multi-position competition

- Use "lying", "kneeling" and "standing" - and must find optimal settings for the diopter 19 by - previous - test shots, determined in one these shooting positions, e.g. B. the "lying" position, the optimal setting of the sighting device 10, wherein it has an arbitrary starting position xo, yo, from which horizontal and vertical adjustments y of the diopter 19 are measured, characterized in that it is activated by actuating the Reset buttons 152 and 149, which are assigned to the horizontal display 151 and the vertical display 148, the display values of which are set to 0 and then by simultaneous actuation of an M (memory) control button (192) and an L- (lying) - Memory address and call key (193) enter the value 0 into a memory element 194 or 196 (FIG. 9f) of the electronic evaluation unit 147, one of which - the memory element 194 - for storing the initial position selected related horizontal setting xi is provided, while the other storage element 196 is provided for storing the vertical setting related to the starting position yi, which together in the "Ligend" - (L) -shooting position represent the optimal diopter setting.

The settings xi, yi of the diopter 19 made successively by the shooter in the course of the test shooting are shown in units of 1/100 mm in the two LCD displays 151 and 148, which are designed as seven-segment displays.

The horizontal position indicator 151 and the vertical position indicator 148 each have two display fields 151 'and 151 "or 148' and 148", which are side by side in the horizontal position indicator 151 and "one above the other" in the vertical position indicator 148 are arranged, as shown schematically in Figs. 9d and 9e.

In the right display field 151 'of the horizontal position indicator - 151, which, viewed from the shooter, is arranged on the left side of the housing part 52 of the cross slide 24 the amount of an adjustment of the horizontal slide 49 made to the right to the initial position xo is displayed, in the left display field 152 "corresponding to the amount of a setting made to the left. In the upper display field 148 'of the vertical position indicator 148 the amount of a position related to the basic position is shown of the vertical slide 48 is shown upwards, while in the lower display field 148 "this display 148 shows the amount of a downward adjustment of the vertical slide 48.

The horizontal and vertical adjustments xi and yi, which are determined to be optimal in relation to the starting position (xo, yo) for the "prone" shooting position, are thereby stored in the memory elements 194 and 196 of the electronic evaluation unit 147, which are assigned to this shooting position, that the shooter actuates the M control button 192 and at the same time the L memory button 193, as a result of which the position values xi and yi determined as optimal are entered into the two memory elements 194 and 196, respectively. The values displayed in the display fields 151 'and 148' of the horizontal display 151 and the vertical display 148 are stored as positive values, while in the display fields 151 "and 148" of the horizontal display 151 and the vertical display 148 displayed values can be saved as negative values. These values remain stored until - again by pressing the M control key 192 and the L control key, other values are "written" into the L storage elements 194 and 196.

The cheapest horizontal and vertical settings xu and y _k for the "knee-end" firing position are determined in an analogous manner and by simultaneously pressing the M control button 192 and a K (knee-end) memory address and retrieval button 197 in memory elements 198 and 199 of the electronic Evaluation unit 147 is stored, which - for the "knee end" position - are assigned to the setting values Xk and yk.

The same applies mutatis mutandis to the determination and storage of the cheapest setting values χ _ε and y _s determined for the "standing" firing position, which are achieved by simultaneously pressing the M control button 192 and an S (standing) memory address and call button 201 can be stored in the optimal setting values x _ε and y _s associated storage elements 202 and 203 of the electronic evaluation unit 147.

The diopter setting “coordinates” stored in this way each relate to the same starting position xo, yo that was chosen arbitrarily.

Furthermore, in the context of the electronic evaluation unit 147, x and y actual value storage elements 204 and 206 are provided, the contents of which in each case correspond to the instantaneous values of the horizontal setting x and vertical setting y, respectively, related to the starting position xo, yo corresponds. It is the X and Y contents of these two storage elements 204 and 206 that are used for the position representations by means of the LCD displays 151 and 148 in the format explained with reference to FIGS. 9c and 9d.

By simply pressing one of the two reset buttons

149 and 152 of the two LCD displays 148 and 151, although their displays can be deleted, but the contents of the two actual value storage elements 204 and 206 cannot be changed, which, even if the display fields are deleted, during a position adjustment done, continuously correspond to the actual position values achieved. A "change" in the content of the two actual value storage elements 204 and 206 takes place only when "marking" the starting position by simultaneous Pressing both reset buttons 149 and 152, whereby the content of both storage elements 204 and 206 is set to 0.

Is a display 148 and / or 151 by pressing its rear ^¬ setting key 149 and 152 are cleared so neutem pressing the reset button appears after he ^¬ 149 and 152, each again x of the currently present setting value or y, as in the memory elements 204 and 206 of the position actual value memory.

Does the shooter want after e.g. the "prone" position fight is completed, now the diopter 19 to the next position fight e.g. set the "knee-end" shooting position optimally, he simultaneously presses a D (difference) key 207 and the K memory addressing key 197, whereupon the horizontal display 151 shows a value which is the difference between the actual position x of the horizontal slide 49 and its ideal target position for the knee-end competition, which is stored in the storage element 198 and the vertical display 148 shows a value which corresponds to the difference between the actual position of the vertical slide 48 and its most favorable target position for the knee-end position battle , which is stored in the storage element 199.

For example, if the last position of the diopter 19 had been the one in which the horizontal slide 49 was 10/100 mm to the left from the marked starting position o, yo and the vertical slide 48 was 20/100 mm down and is the optimal diopter position for the "knee" shooting position, in which the horizontal slide 49 must be shifted 20/100 mm to the right and the vertical slide 48 and 25/100 mm downwards compared to the starting position xo, the horizontal display 151 "of the horizontal display accordingly appears 151 the display ge 30 and in the upper display field 148 'of the vertical display 148 the value 5, which means that the actual position of the diopter 19 is too far to the left by 30/100 mm and too high by 5/100 mm.

The target position of the diopters 19 for the kneeing-shooting position to reach the shooter must now only by Be ^¬ the spindle drives actuation 51 and 47 the horizontal slide 49 and the vertical slide 48 to the right or push upwards ver ^¬ until in both Displays 151 and 148 show the value 0.

In an analogous manner, namely by simultaneously pressing the D key 207 of the S memory address key 201, starting from any other setting of the diopter 19, the difference to the target position of the diopter 19 for the standing firing position can be determined and by adjusting the Cross slide 48 and 49 until the displays are each 0, the optimal setting of the diopter 19 can be set for the standing shooting position. The same naturally also applies to the setting of the rear sight position for the "prone" position fight, provided the shooter has previously fired with a different shooting position, e.g. the "standing" or "kneeling" position had started.

The marking of reference values of the positions Xo and yo of the positions of the horizontal slide 49 and of the vertical slide 48, from which subsequent displacements of these slides 49 and 48 are counted, is not necessary if the measuring systems 28 and 29 are designed as absolute measuring systems are, in addition to the two - capacitive or optoelectronic - detection channels, which - electrically - generate output signals phase-shifted by 90 ° relative to one another, have a further, capacitive or optoelectronic measuring channel, by means of which channels can be arranged or displaced along the respective detection path Reference marks are recognizable that in suitable coding trigger signals to which clearly defined positions can be assigned, which are automatically recognized by the evaluation unit 147 as reference positions and used as reference values. In order to "catch" at least one of these reference marks at the beginning of an adjustment process, it is sufficient if the shooter pushes the horizontal slide 49 and the vertical slide 48 back and forth once after a minimum distance after the evaluation unit 147 has been switched on.

In a special design of the cross slide 24, which can be seen in FIG. 2, an electronic stop watch 208 with a digital LCD display 209 is arranged on the front plate 68 facing the shooter, which the shooter can use to display the duration of a shooting competition. The start and delete buttons suitable for such use of the clock 208 are designated 211 and 212.

Claims

Sighting device on a rifle intended for sporting multi-position combat, with a front sight and a rear sight, the arrangement of which can be adjusted relative to one another in order to be able to set an optimal course of the sight line for the respective shooting position - in accordance with a rifle position preferred by the shooter in this position , along which the target is sighted via the rear sight and the sight, the rear sight using a cross slide comprising a vertical slide and a horizontal slide, both in terms of height, i.e. with regard to its distance from the central axis of the gun barrel, and laterally, ie with regard to its distance From the central plane of the rifle containing the central axis of the rifle barrel, the vertical slide and the horizontal slide of the cross slide are individually assigned spindle drives, each with a display, for adjusting the diopter position in this regard e are provided for incrementally adjustable position changes, characterized in that a) for detecting relative movements of one of the two slides (48 or 49) of the cross-slide (24) relative to a gun-fixed element (33) and relative movements of the other slide (49 or 48) relative to the gun fixed member (33) displaceably arranged in the slide (48 or 49) per e: ι elec tronic ^¬ or opto-electronic incremental Meß¬ system (28; 29) is provided, which exclusively from an arbitrarily selectable Ausgangsstel¬ Xo of the horizontal slide and an arbitrarily selectable starting position Yo of the vertical slide relative movements of the slide (48 and 49) relative to each other or to the rifle (11) generates characteristic, pulse-shaped output signals, which b) each measure a measure of incremental change strokes of the amount are positive and in the opposite direction by means of an electronic evaluation unit (147) in one direction of change The current direction of change can be negatively counted, so that their algebraic sum is a measure of deflections of the diopter (19) compared to the specified initial position (Xo, Yo), that c ⁾ in the context of the electronic evaluation unit (147), memory elements (194 and 196, 198 and 199, 202 and 203 ^{) are} provided, by means of which the individual competition positions - lying (L), kneeling (K), standing (S ⁾ - as optimally assigned value pairs (X, Y; XK, YK and Xs, Ys), which relate to the starting position (Xo, Yo ⁾ , can be stored, as well as storage elements (204 and 206) for storing the actual position of the diopter (19), and that d) displays (148 and 151) are provided, by means of which either the characteristic values for the instantaneous position (X, γ) of the diopter and for the optimal positions of the diopter (19) characteristic pairs of values (XL, YL; XK, Y and / or Xs, Ys) can be represented.

Sighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the step size of the positions of the diopter (19) incrementally detectable by means of the measuring systems (28 and 29) is between 1/100 and 2/100 mm, preferably 1/100 mm.

Sighting device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the reference positions (Xo, Yo) of the diopter (19), from which the optimal deflections are counted, by O-setting the memory elements (204 and 206) of the actual position value. Memory is markable.

Sighting device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the (0,0) position is marked by simultaneous actuation of an M command key (192) and a reset key (149 or 152).

Sighting device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the storage of the value pairs of the position coordinates (XL, Y; XK, YK; Xs, Ys) of the diopter (19) determined as optimal for the individual shooting positions by simultaneous actuation of a M command button (192) and one of the respective shooting positions assigned memory address key (193, 197 or 201).

6. Sighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the optimally determined pairs of values (XL, YL; XK, YK and Xs, Ys) by actuating one of the memory address or call buttons (192 or 197 or 201) can be called up and displayed (148 and 151).

7. Visor device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the displays (148 and 151) each have two display fields (148 'and 148 "or 151' and 151"), in which one display field (148 'or . 151 ') the amount of a distance in the one adjustment direction from the reference point (Xo or Yo) and in the other display field (148 "or 151") the amount in the opposite direction, seen from the reference point - (Xo, Yo ) existing distance of the diopter (19) from the starting position (Xo, Yo) can be represented.

8. Sighting device according to claim 7, characterized in that the display fields (151 'and 151 ") of the horizontal display (151) side by side and / or the display fields (148' and 148") of the vertical display - ⁽ 148) arranged one above the other are.

9. Sighting device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the displays (148 and 151) the algebraic difference between the actual position value

(X, Y) of the diopter (19) and that for the respective fighting position optimal setpoint value ((XL, YL; XK, Y _K or Xs, Ys) of the diopter (19) can be displayed.

10. Aiming device according to claim 9, characterized in that the difference representation by simultaneous actuation of a D- (difference) command key-

(207) and the memory address key (193 or 197 or 201), which is assigned to the selected competition position, can be triggered.

11. Sighting device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the vertical slide (48) and / or the horizontal slide (49), seen in Verschiebericht¬ ung (39 and 32), is / are spring-loaded on one side.

12. Sighting device according to claim 11, characterized in that for resilient support of the vertical slide (48) on a gun-fixed frame (33) of the cross slide (24) two prestressed coil springs (109 and 111) in a symmetrical arrangement with respect to the vertical longitudinal center plane (27th ') of the frame (33) are provided, which are received on a section of their lengths corresponding to their block length of upwardly open blind bores (112 and 113) of the frame (33) and between their bottoms and a yoke leg (53 ) of the housing (52) of the vertical slide (48) are supported.

13. A sighting device according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterized in that for the resilient support of the horizontal slide (49) with respect to the vertical slide (48) one the threaded spindle (103) one to the horizon valley setting of the diopter (19) provided spindle drive (51) coaxially surrounding helical spring (108) is provided, on the one hand on the nut piece (99) of the spindle drive (51) and on the other hand on a lateral profile leg (54) of the housing (52) of the vertical slide (48) is supported.

14. Sighting device according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the two .Measuring systems (28 and 29) are designed as capacitive measuring systems in which at least two capacitors

(114 and 116) are provided with capacitances which periodically vary relative to one another depending on the stroke of the relative movements of their electrodes, which capacitors have a common electrode (117) and two electrodes (118 and 119) individually assigned to the two capacitors (114 and 116) ), which, viewed in the direction of the respective shift, are arranged offset from each other by 1/4 of the periodicity length (d) of their periodic structure and furthermore the electronic evaluation unit (147) for the capacitance variation of the two capacitors (114 and 116 ) generates characteristic evaluation signals which have an electrical phase shift of 90 ° relative to one another, characterized in that in the measuring system (28) provided for detecting changes in position of the vertical slide (48), the common electrode (117) on the frame (33), preferably on the side thereof facing the front plate (64) of the housing (52) of the vertical slide (48) a vertical guide leg (34 or 36) of the frame (33) is arranged and the two electrodes (118 and 119) of the two capacitors (114 and 116), which are offset by d / 4 from one another, on the inside of the front plate (64) of the housing ( 52) are arranged, and that in the measuring system (29) provided for detecting changes in position of the horizontal slide (49), the common electrode (117) is movable with the horizontal slide (49), while the individual electrodes (118 and 119) offset by d / 4 from one another two capacitors (114 and 116) are fixedly arranged on the housing (52) of the vertical slide (48), which is also the mechanical carrier of the electronic evaluation unit (147).

15. A sighting device according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the two measuring systems (28 and 29) are designed as optoelectronic measuring systems which operate with intensity modulation of at least two luminous fluxes which vary periodically as a function of the stroke of the relative movements, two of which modulate them Moire systems realized by glass scales of the same line grating divisions are provided which have a common glass scale (156 or 157) of predetermined grating constants a and individually assigned light sources (158) and photodetectors (153) as well as glass scales (156 'and 156 "or 157' and 157 "), which have the same lattice constant a as the common glass scale, but, when viewed in the direction of displacement (31 or 32), are offset by a / 4 from each other, so that they can be evaluated in units of the displacement path by means of the electronic evaluation unit (147) electrical output signals of the detectors individually assigned to the two Moire systems have an - electrical - phase shift of 90 ° relative to one another, characterized in that at least the measuring system (28) provided for detecting changes in position of the vertical slide (48) is designed as a reflection system 45

whose light sources (158) and detectors (153) are arranged shielded from one another in common housings (167), the exit and entry windows of which are formed by one of the mutually offset glass scales (156 'and 156 ") that the lighting and detector units (28 'and 28 ") are arranged such that they can move with the vertical slide (48), preferably on the inside of the front plate (64) of its housing (52), and the common glass scale (158) on the gun-fixed frame (33), preferably on the side of a vertical guide leg (34 or 36) of the frame (33) facing the front plate (64) of the housing (52) (FIG. 9a).

16. A sighting device according to claim 15, characterized in that the measuring system (29) provided for detecting changes in position of the horizontal slide (49) is designed as a transmission measuring system in which the common glass scale (157) and the two exit windows for each glass scales (157 'and 157 ") offset between the light sources (148) and the detectors (153) forming an illumination unit, offset by 1/4 of the periodicity length a of their grating structure (161, 161' and 161"). are arranged, the two lighting and detector units (29 * and 29 ") of this transmission measurement system being fixed to the housing (52) of the vertical slide (48) and the common glass scale ⁽ 157 ⁾ the relative movements of the horizontal slide (49) relative to the vertical slide (48) ) is arranged on this in an executing manner (FIG. 9b).