WO1992004644A1 - Method for acoustically transmitting well drilling data - Google Patents

Method for acoustically transmitting well drilling data Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992004644A1
WO1992004644A1 PCT/FR1991/000698 FR9100698W WO9204644A1 WO 1992004644 A1 WO1992004644 A1 WO 1992004644A1 FR 9100698 W FR9100698 W FR 9100698W WO 9204644 A1 WO9204644 A1 WO 9204644A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
well
drill string
drilling mud
drilling
pulses
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1991/000698
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Frédéric CLAYER
Henry Henneuse
Jean Sancho
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production) filed Critical Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production)
Priority to US08/077,520 priority Critical patent/US5289354A/en
Publication of WO1992004644A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992004644A1/en
Priority to NO921672A priority patent/NO921672D0/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/16—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the drill string or casing, e.g. by torsional acoustic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of transmitting drilling data from a well, from the bottom to the surface, and, more particularly to such a method using two parallel transmission channels between the bottom and the surface.
  • the master driller When drilling a well, for example an oil well, it is desirable for the master driller to know the conditions existing at the bottom of the well (deflection factors, tool rotation speed, weight on the tool , tool torque, temperature, accelerations, etc.) to better control the drilling parameters. It is preferable to know these conditions in real time, this mistletoe requires means of transmitting data from the bottom of the well to the surface. Knowing the conditions of the bottom of the well allows drilling faster and reducing drilling costs. In addition, the master driller will be able to react quickly. - any change in conditions, for example, change in type of rock or wear of the tool.
  • Several means of transmitting data from the bottom to the surface have been proposed. Among these means is transmission by electric conductor, by acoustic or electromagnetic waves.
  • Pressure wave data transmission in drilling mud has also been proposed.
  • the pressure of the mud flowing along the drill string is modulated, for example, by means of a servovalve mounted in a sub-assembly disposed in the drill string adjacent to the tool.
  • the signal transmission speed in such a system is modest, the pressure waves only propagating at around 1500 m / s. Given the deterioration of the waves between the bottom and the surface, the limitations inherent in the modulation of the mud pressure, and the need to preserve the quality of the surface data the data rate remains low.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of data transmission by pressure waves in the drilling mud by proposing a data transmission method which is simple and of increased reliability.
  • the invention proposes a method of transmitting data for the drilling conditions of a well, from the bottom to the surface, comprising the following operations:
  • the method comprises the additional operation of simultaneously detecting the vibrations generated in the drill string by said pulses in the drilling mud.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a drilling assembly
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a processing circuit.
  • a drilling assembly comprising a mast 10 provided, in a manner known per se, with a hook 12 to which is suspended a drill string, generally represented at 14.
  • the drill string 14 comprises a tool drill 16, drill rods 18 and drill rods 20.
  • the drill string 14 is rotated by a rotation table 22 or by a motorized head called "power s ivel”.
  • Pressurized drilling mud passes from a source (not shown) inside the rods 20 by a flexible conduit 24. This sludge is recycled to storage tanks (not shown) by a conduit 26.
  • a servovalve mounted in a sub-assembly 28 disposed adjacent to the tool 16 is intended to selectively interrupt the flow of the pressurized mud in order to create pressure waves in the mud.
  • Measuring devices and control are arranged in the 28-set in allowing, in a known way, to generate pressure waves in the mud that are represented "attempts measurements taken at the bottom. These pressic waves are detected at the surface by a pressure sensor 32 is mounted on the flexible conduit 24.
  • the pressure waves created in the mud also generate corresponding vibrations in the drill string 14. According to the invention, it has been found that the reading of the data could be improved by mounting a second sensor on the drill string.
  • the drilling assembly further comprises an accelerometer 34 mounted at the upper end of the drill string 14 and intended to measure the longitudinal acceleration of the drill rods 20.
  • the circuit for processing the signals generated by the sensor 32 and the accelerometer 34 is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
  • the data provided by the additional gauge is used to further reduce the effects of extraneous noise. This data is processed in a parallel way in the diagram in Figure 2.
  • the signals produced by the various sensors are processed in the circuit of Figure 2. As the propagation speed of the waves in the material of the drill string is at least three times greater than that in the drilling mud, the processing circuit must allow a temporal readjustment of the signals.
  • This readjustment can be carried out either by intercorrelation of the signals, or from knowledge of the speeds in the two media. Then, a weighted averaging of the signals in the time domain should be carried out.
  • a quality index is applied, established on each data channel with reference for example to a surface clock. This allows each data channel to be assigned a respective importance and can lead to the abandonment of a channel. An overall quality index could also be deduced from the inconsistencies between the signals, decoded separately.

Abstract

A method for transmitting data relating to well drilling conditions from the well bottom to the surface, wherein drilling mud pressure is continuously measured as it enters the well, a sensor measures at least one well bottom operating condition, coded pulses representing said measurement are transmitted through the drilling mud, and the pulses in the drilling mud are detected by pressure measurement as it enters the well. The method includes the additional step of simultaneously detecting vibrations generated in the drill-pipe string by the pulses in the drilling mud.

Description

PROCEDE DE TRANSMISSION ACOUSTIQUE DE DONNEES DE FORAGE D ' UN PUITS METHOD FOR ACOUSTIC TRANSMISSION OF WELL DRILLING DATA
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de transmission de données de forage d'un puits, du fond à la surface, et, plus particulièrement à un tel procédé utilisant deux voies parallèles de transmission entre le fond et la surface.The present invention relates to a method of transmitting drilling data from a well, from the bottom to the surface, and, more particularly to such a method using two parallel transmission channels between the bottom and the surface.
Lors du forage d'un puits, par exemple d'un puits pétrolier, il est souhaitable que le maître-foreur connaisse les conditions existant au fond du puits (facteurs de déviation, vitesse de rotation de l'outil, poids sur l'outil, couple à l'outil, température, accélérations etc) afin de mieux contrôler les paramètres du forage. Il est préférable de connaître ces conditions en temps réel, ce gui nécessite des moyens de transmission des données du fond du puits à la surface. Connaître les conditions du fond du puits permet de forer plus vite et de réduire les coûts du forage. De plus, le maître-foreur aura la possibilité de réagir rapidemer. - à tout changement de conditions, par exemple, changement de type de roche ou usure de l'outil. Plusieurs moyens de transmission des données du fond à la surface onr été proposées. Parmi ces moyens se trouve la transmission par conducteur électrique, par ondes acoustiques ou électromagnétiques. La transmission de données par ondes de pression dans la boue de forage a également été proposée. Dans un tel système, la pression de la boue circulant le long du train de tiges est modulée par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'une servovalve montée dans un sous-ensemble disposé dans le train de tiges adjacent à l'outil.When drilling a well, for example an oil well, it is desirable for the master driller to know the conditions existing at the bottom of the well (deflection factors, tool rotation speed, weight on the tool , tool torque, temperature, accelerations, etc.) to better control the drilling parameters. It is preferable to know these conditions in real time, this mistletoe requires means of transmitting data from the bottom of the well to the surface. Knowing the conditions of the bottom of the well allows drilling faster and reducing drilling costs. In addition, the master driller will be able to react quickly. - any change in conditions, for example, change in type of rock or wear of the tool. Several means of transmitting data from the bottom to the surface have been proposed. Among these means is transmission by electric conductor, by acoustic or electromagnetic waves. Pressure wave data transmission in drilling mud has also been proposed. In such a system, the pressure of the mud flowing along the drill string is modulated, for example, by means of a servovalve mounted in a sub-assembly disposed in the drill string adjacent to the tool.
La vitesse de transmission du signal dans un tel système est modeste, les ondes de pression ne se propageant qu'à environ 1500 m/s. Compte-tenu de la détérioration des ondes entre le fond et la surface, des limitations inhérentes à la modulation de la pression de la boue, et de la nécessité de préserver la qualité des données en surface le débit de données reste faible.The signal transmission speed in such a system is modest, the pressure waves only propagating at around 1500 m / s. Given the deterioration of the waves between the bottom and the surface, the limitations inherent in the modulation of the mud pressure, and the need to preserve the quality of the surface data the data rate remains low.
La présente invention a pour but de palier les inconvénients de la transmission de données par ondes de pression dans la boue de forage en proposant un procédé de transmission de données qui est simple et de fiabilité accrue.The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of data transmission by pressure waves in the drilling mud by proposing a data transmission method which is simple and of increased reliability.
Pour ce faire, l'invention propose un procédé de transmission de données des conditions de forage d'un puits, du fond à la surface comprenant les opérations suivantes :To do this, the invention proposes a method of transmitting data for the drilling conditions of a well, from the bottom to the surface, comprising the following operations:
- mesure en continu de la pression de la boue de forage à son entrée dans le puits ; mesure au moyen d'un capteur d'au moins une condition opératoire au fond du puits ; - trans mission sous forme d'im:pulsions déclenchée dans la boue de forage et codées pour la dite mesuire ;- continuous measurement of the pressure of the drilling mud as it enters the well; measurement by means of a sensor of at least one operating condition at the bottom of the well; - transmission in the form of an im: pulses triggered in the drilling mud and coded for said measurement;
- détection par mesure de pressions des impulsions dans la boue à son entrée du puits ; caractérisé en ce qu le procédé comprend l'opération azdditionnelle de détection simultanée des vibrations générées dans le train de tiges par les dites impulsions dans la boue de forage.- detection by pressure measurements of the pulses in the mud at its entrance to the well; characterized in that the method comprises the additional operation of simultaneously detecting the vibrations generated in the drill string by said pulses in the drilling mud.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description ci-après faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the description below made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la Figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un ensemble de forage ; et- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a drilling assembly; and
- la Figure 2 représente schématiquement un circuit de traitement.- Figure 2 schematically shows a processing circuit.
Sur la Figure 1, est représenté un ensemble de forage comprenant un mât 10 muni, de façon connue en soi, d'un crochet 12 auquel est suspendu un train de tiges, représenté généralement en 14. Le train de tiges 14 comprend un outil de forage 16, des masse-tiges 18 et des tiges de forage 20. Dans l'exemple illustré, le train de tiges 14 est mis en rotation par une table de rotation 22 ou par une tête motorisée appelée "power s ivel". La boue de forage sous pression passe d'une source (non-représentée) à l'intérieur des tiges 20 par un conduit flexible 24. Cette boue est recyclée vers des réservoirs de stockage (non-représentés) par un conduit 26. Une servovalve montée dans un sous-ensemble 28 disposé adjacent à l'outil 16 est destinée à interrompre sélectivement l'écoulement de la boue sous pression afin de créer des ondes de pression dans la boue. Des dispositifs de mesure et de contrôle sont disposés dans le sous-ensemble 28 permettant, de façon connue, de générer des ondes de pression dans la boue qui sont repr"tentatives des mesures prises au fond. Ces ondes de pressic sont détectées a la surface par un capteur de pression 32 est monté sur le conduit flexible 24.In Figure 1, a drilling assembly is shown comprising a mast 10 provided, in a manner known per se, with a hook 12 to which is suspended a drill string, generally represented at 14. The drill string 14 comprises a tool drill 16, drill rods 18 and drill rods 20. In the example illustrated, the drill string 14 is rotated by a rotation table 22 or by a motorized head called "power s ivel". Pressurized drilling mud passes from a source (not shown) inside the rods 20 by a flexible conduit 24. This sludge is recycled to storage tanks (not shown) by a conduit 26. A servovalve mounted in a sub-assembly 28 disposed adjacent to the tool 16 is intended to selectively interrupt the flow of the pressurized mud in order to create pressure waves in the mud. Measuring devices and control are arranged in the 28-set in allowing, in a known way, to generate pressure waves in the mud that are represented "attempts measurements taken at the bottom. These pressic waves are detected at the surface by a pressure sensor 32 is mounted on the flexible conduit 24.
Les ondes de pression créées dans la boue génèrent également des vibrations correspondantes dans le train de tiges 14. Selon l'invention, on a constaté que l'on pouvait améliorer la lecture des données en montant un deuxième capteur sur le train de tiges.The pressure waves created in the mud also generate corresponding vibrations in the drill string 14. According to the invention, it has been found that the reading of the data could be improved by mounting a second sensor on the drill string.
Comme représenté sur la Figure 1, l'ensemble de forage comprend, de plus, un accéléromètre 34 monté à l'extrémité supérieure du train de tiges 14 et destiné à mesurer l'accélération longitudinale des tiges 20.As shown in FIG. 1, the drilling assembly further comprises an accelerometer 34 mounted at the upper end of the drill string 14 and intended to measure the longitudinal acceleration of the drill rods 20.
Le circuit de traitement des signaux générés par le capteur 32 et l'accéléromètre 34 est représenté schématiquement sur la Figure 2.The circuit for processing the signals generated by the sensor 32 and the accelerometer 34 is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
On peut également utiliser une jauge de tension (ou contrainte) axiale disposée sur l'extrémité supérieure du train de tiges 14, soit pour remplacer l'accéléromètre 34, se -_. pour fournir des données complémentaires. Dans ce dernier cas, les données fournies par la jauge additionnelle servent à réduire encore les effets des bruits parasites. Ces données sont traitées par une voie parallèle dans le diagramme de la Figure 2.One can also use an axial tension gauge (or stress) disposed on the upper end of the drill string 14, or to replace the accelerometer 34, se -_. to provide additional data. In the latter case, the data provided by the additional gauge is used to further reduce the effects of extraneous noise. This data is processed in a parallel way in the diagram in Figure 2.
Pour minimiser les effets des bruits parasites, on peut prévoir d'ajouter d'autres jauges pour capter, par exemple, les accélérations radiales de l'extrémité supérieure du train de tiges. Dans chacun des cas, les signaux produits par les divers capteurs sont traités dans le circuit de la Figure 2. Comme la vitesse de propagation des ondes dans le matériau du train de tiges est au moins trois fois supérieure à celle dans la boue de forage, le circuit de traitement doit permettre un recalage temporel des signaux.To minimize the effects of extraneous noise, provision may be made to add other gauges to capture, for example, the radial accelerations of the upper end of the drill string. In each case, the signals produced by the various sensors are processed in the circuit of Figure 2. As the propagation speed of the waves in the material of the drill string is at least three times greater than that in the drilling mud, the processing circuit must allow a temporal readjustment of the signals.
Ce recalage peut s'effectuer soit par intercorrélation des signaux, soit à partir de la connaissance des vitesses dans les deux milieux. Ensuite, il convient de procéder à un moyennage pondéré des signaux dans le domaine temporel. On applique un indice de qualité, établi sur chaque voie de données en référence par exemple à une horloge de surface. Ceci permet d'attribuer à chaque voie de données une importance respective et peut conduire à l'abandon d'une voie. Un indice de qualité global pourrait aussi se déduire des incohérences entre les signaux, décodés séparément.This readjustment can be carried out either by intercorrelation of the signals, or from knowledge of the speeds in the two media. Then, a weighted averaging of the signals in the time domain should be carried out. A quality index is applied, established on each data channel with reference for example to a surface clock. This allows each data channel to be assigned a respective importance and can lead to the abandonment of a channel. An overall quality index could also be deduced from the inconsistencies between the signals, decoded separately.
De plus, tout en recalant les voies de données, on peut procéder simultanément à un décalage des signaux parasites de surface, notamment le bruit des pompes. L'opération de moyennage va ensuite réduire ces bruits parasites. In addition, while resetting the data channels, it is possible to simultaneously offset the spurious surface signals, in particular the noise of the pumps. The averaging operation will then reduce these unwanted noises.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Procédé de transmission de données des conditions du forage d'un puits, du fond à la surface comprenant les opérations suivantes :1 / Method for transmitting data on the conditions for drilling a well, from the bottom to the surface, comprising the following operations:
- mesure en continu de la pression de la boue de forage à son entrée dans le puits ;- continuous measurement of the pressure of the drilling mud as it enters the well;
- mesure au moyen d'un capteur d'au moins une condition opératoire au fond du puits ;- measurement by means of a sensor of at least one operating condition at the bottom of the well;
- transmission sous forme d'impulsions déclenchées dans la boue de forage et codées pour la dite mesure ;- transmission in the form of pulses triggered in the drilling mud and coded for said measurement;
- détection par mesure de pressions des impulsions dans la boue à son entrée du puits ; - le procédé comprenant l'opération additionnelle de détection simultanée des vibrations générées dans le train de tiges par les dîtes impulsions dans la boue de forage,- detection by pressure measurements of the pulses in the mud at its entrance to the well; the method comprising the additional operation of simultaneous detection of the vibrations generated in the drill string by the said pulses in the drilling mud,
- caractérisée en ce que la détection des vibrations générées dans le train de tiges s'effectue en utilisant un accéléromètre, disposé à l'extrémité supérieure du train de tiges et destiné à capter l'accélération longitudinale du train de tiges. 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'on détecte deux types de vibrations générées dans le train de tiges en utilisant l'accéléromètre et une jauge de tension axiale disposée à l'extrémité supérieure du train de tiges. / Procédé selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les opérations additionnelle du raclage temporel des signaux et du moyennage pondéré des signaux dans le domaine temporel. - characterized in that the detection of vibrations generated in the drill string is carried out using an accelerometer, arranged at the upper end of the drill string and intended to capture the longitudinal acceleration of the drill string. 2 / A method according to claim 1 characterized in that one detects two types of vibrations generated in the drill string using the accelerometer and an axial tension gauge disposed at the upper end of the drill string. / Method according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises the additional operations of the time scraping of the signals and the weighted averaging of the signals in the time domain.
PCT/FR1991/000698 1990-08-31 1991-08-30 Method for acoustically transmitting well drilling data WO1992004644A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/077,520 US5289354A (en) 1990-08-31 1991-08-30 Method for acoustic transmission of drilling data from a well
NO921672A NO921672D0 (en) 1990-08-31 1992-04-29 PROCEDURE FOR ACOUSTIC TRANSFER OF DRILL DATA FROM A BELL

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR90/10910 1990-08-31
FR9010910A FR2666419B1 (en) 1990-08-31 1990-08-31 METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING WELL DRILLING DATA FROM BOTTOM TO SURFACE.

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WO1992004644A1 true WO1992004644A1 (en) 1992-03-19

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PCT/FR1991/000698 WO1992004644A1 (en) 1990-08-31 1991-08-30 Method for acoustically transmitting well drilling data

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EP (1) EP0499635A1 (en)
JP (1) JP3109741B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2072128A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2666419B1 (en)
OA (1) OA09544A (en)
WO (1) WO1992004644A1 (en)

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CN112565725B (en) * 2020-12-09 2022-09-13 成都极米科技股份有限公司 Projection picture anti-shake method and device, projection equipment and storage medium

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252225A (en) * 1962-09-04 1966-05-24 Ed Wight Signal generator indicating vertical deviation
US3845837A (en) * 1972-10-30 1974-11-05 Texaco Inc Gravity force operated apparatuses for generation of longitudinal pulse data from the bottom of a well
US4027282A (en) * 1974-10-18 1977-05-31 Texas Dynamatics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for transmitting information through a pipe string
GB2142679A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-23 Teleco Oilfield Services Inc Method and apparatus for borehole fluid influx detection
US4878206A (en) * 1988-12-27 1989-10-31 Teleco Oilfield Services Inc. Method and apparatus for filtering noise from data signals
WO1989010573A1 (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-02 Atlantic Richfield Company Stress wave telemetry system for drillstems and tubing strings

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252225A (en) * 1962-09-04 1966-05-24 Ed Wight Signal generator indicating vertical deviation
US3845837A (en) * 1972-10-30 1974-11-05 Texaco Inc Gravity force operated apparatuses for generation of longitudinal pulse data from the bottom of a well
US4027282A (en) * 1974-10-18 1977-05-31 Texas Dynamatics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for transmitting information through a pipe string
GB2142679A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-23 Teleco Oilfield Services Inc Method and apparatus for borehole fluid influx detection
WO1989010573A1 (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-02 Atlantic Richfield Company Stress wave telemetry system for drillstems and tubing strings
US4878206A (en) * 1988-12-27 1989-10-31 Teleco Oilfield Services Inc. Method and apparatus for filtering noise from data signals

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FR2666419B1 (en) 1993-02-19
OA09544A (en) 1992-11-15
EP0499635A1 (en) 1992-08-26
JP3109741B2 (en) 2000-11-20
JPH05503750A (en) 1993-06-17
CA2072128A1 (en) 1992-03-01
FR2666419A1 (en) 1992-03-06

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