WO1991018584A1

WO1991018584A1 - Hydrogen peroxide preparations

Info

Publication number: WO1991018584A1
Application number: PCT/EP1991/000999
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Höffkes; Karin Nelles; Winifried Neuhaus
Original assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority date: 1990-06-07
Filing date: 1991-05-29
Publication date: 1991-12-12
Also published as: EP0531391A1; DE4018259A1; YU97991A; JPH05507476A; CS168391A3

Abstract

Aqueous preparations of hydrogen peroxide for oxidative dyeing and bleaching of hair, containing high-foam anionic tensides and an alkali-soluble, thickening, carboxylated polymerizate. For damping and control of the foam on mixing with emulsified oxidizing dye cream and blonding cream, the preparations contain 0.1 to 5 wt.% of a non-ionic tenside of formula (I) R1-O-(C2H4O)x-R2 in which R1 stands for an alkyl or alkenyl group with 10 to 22 carbon atoms or an alkyl phenyl group with 6 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, R2 stands for a group of formula -(C¿3?H6O)y-H, -CnH2n+1 or -(C3H6O)y-CnH2n+1, and x = 1 to 10, y = 3 to 5 and n = 1 to 4.

Description

"Hydrogen peroxide preparations"

The invention relates to aqueous preparations of hydrogen peroxide, which are particularly suitable as oxidizing agent preparations for bleaching and for oxidative coloring of the hair with oxidizing coloring agents.

The bleaching and dyeing of the hair with oxidation hair dyeing agents is generally carried out with the aid of two separately packaged preparations - the bleaching cream or oxidation hair dyeing cream (A) and the oxidizing agent preparation (B) - which are combined only shortly before use and in one Application bottle is mixed by simple shaking and then applied to the hair as a ready-to-use blending or dyeing preparation. Two-chamber mixing and dispensing containers have also been developed for home use, in which components A and B are packed separately from one another in a suitable quantity ratio and have a partition which can be mechanically destroyed from the outside between the two chambers and a dispensing opening on one of the two chambers . Shortly before use, the partition is destroyed, whereupon components A and B are combined and mixed by shaking or other mechanical measures. Then the ready-to-use hair dyeing or bleaching preparation can be removed through the dispensing opening or applied directly to the hair to be colored.

A rapid and homogeneous mixing of the bleaching or coloring cream (A) and the oxidizing agent preparation (B) is very important for the success of the dyeing process. An attempt has been made to mix this e.g. by facilitating the fact that the composition and viscosity of the two components have been matched to one another, e.g. was proposed in DE 35 34 471 AI or in DE 37 32 147.

It has now been shown that considerable problems are caused not only by the different toughness of the components to be mixed, but also by the fact that there is excessive foaming when mixed. Due to the excessive foaming mechanical mixing of the liquid components (A) and (B) is considerably impeded.

Foaming is caused primarily by the fact that the oxidizing agent preparations, generally aqueous preparations of hydrogen peroxide, contain strongly foaming anionic surfactants for stabilization. These are necessary in order to stabilize the dispersions of alkali-soluble, thickening, carboxyl-containing polymers contained in such preparations for increasing viscosity after mixing. Bleaching and oxidation dye creams also often contain highly foaming anionic surfactants in order to keep the fatty alcohols dispersed in these products for viscosity build-up in the dispersed state. Since the use of these high-foaming anionic surfactants cannot be avoided for the reasons mentioned, the problem arises of controlling the development of foam by means of a suitable additive.

The invention relates to aqueous preparations of hydrogen peroxide for the oxidative dyeing and bleaching of the hair with a content of anionic surfactants and a thickening, carboxyl group-containing polymer or copolymer with addition of a nonionic surfactant of the formula I which is soluble in aqueous alkali

R1-0 (C ₂ H 0) _X -R2 (I)

in the R * is an alkyl or alkenyl group with 10 - 22 C atoms or an alkylphenyl group with 6 - 15 C atoms in the alkyl group, R ^ is a group - (C3H6θ) _y -H, -C _n H2n + l or - (C3HöO) yC _{n is} H2n + l and wherein x = 1-10, y = 3-5 and n = 1-4 is contained in an amount of 0.1-5% by weight of the composition.

The preparations of hydrogen peroxide according to the invention are preferably in the form of an aqueous dispersion of the carboxyl group-containing polymer merisats- or copolymer, but they can also contain an emulsified or dispersed fat phase. The hydrogen peroxide content is preferably 1-15% by weight of the preparations.

A polymer or copolymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is preferably used as the polymer or copolymer containing carboxyl groups. Such polymers and copolymers are known per se and have long been used as thickeners for aqueous solutions. In GB-A 870 994 e.g. Dispersions of copolymers of at least 10% by weight of lower alkyl acrylate, 25 to 70% by weight of methacrylic acid and optionally 0 to 40% by weight of another comonomer with a solids content of 25 to 50% by weight are described. Copolymers of 50-75% by weight of ethyl acrylate, 25-35% by weight of acrylic acid and 0 to 25% by weight of other comonomers are known from DE-A 11 64 095.

These copolymers can be modified by adding crosslinking, polyunsaturated copolymerizable comonomers in molecular weight and thus in the thickening effect. Particularly effective acrylate dispersions for this purpose are e.g. known from DE-A 3445549.

The suitable polymers are usually aqueous dispersions, usually with a solids content of 20 to 30% by weight, which are stable and have a low viscosity in a pH range of about 2 to 5. To the extent that the pH of the diluted solutions is raised by aqueous bases, for example by alkali hydroxide solutions (for example sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution), ammonia solution, alkanolamines (for example; mono-, di- or triethanolamine) and the carboxyl groups are converted into the salt form, The polymer chains begin to unravel and go into solution, increasing the viscosity of the solution. At a pH of approx. 8, the complete ionization of the carboxyl groups and the viscosity development are complete and clear solubility in water is achieved. The polymers are preferably present in the preparations according to the invention in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight (calculated as solids) based on the preparation.

The preparations according to the invention contain anionic surfactants for stabilization. Suitable anionic surfactants are characterized by a preferably linear alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and an anionic group bonded to it, for example an -SO3H or -0- (C2H4θ) _z -Sθ3 (-) - group, in which z = 0 or a number up to 20.

Examples of such preferred anionic surfactants are alkyl sulfates, alkane sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfonates. Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfosuccinic acid monoester salts, alkyl polyglucol ether carboxylates, oleic acid sulfonates and other high-foaming, anionic sulfate or sulfonate surfactants. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their alkali metal, magnesium, ammonium or mono-, di- or trialkanolammonium salts with 2-4 C atoms in the alkanol group. They are preferably contained in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight of the preparation.

The nonionic surfactants of the formula I to be used according to the invention for foam control are substances which are known per se and are commercially available. They are produced by adding x moles of ethylene oxide to fatty alcohols, preferably to linear, saturated fatty alcohols, with 10-22 carbon atoms and then adding a less hydrophilic end group R ² . This end group can be introduced, for example, by adding 3-5 moles of propylene oxide to the ethoxylate. In addition to or instead of this group, a so-called end group closure can also be carried out by introducing an alkyl group -C _n H2n ₊ 1 with n = 1-4 C atoms, for example by etherifying the ethoxylate R * -0 (C2H4θ) _x -H with Carry out alkyl chloride of the formula Cl-C _n H2n + 1 using methods known from the literature. Compounds of the formula I in which R- is a linear Ci2-Ci8-alkyl group and in the end group R ^{2 is} the sum of y + n = 3-5 - have a particularly good foam-suppressing action. Particularly preferably, R ² is either a group -0 (C3H5θ) 4-H d ₀ _e -j _he _ne n-butyl group.

Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the invention results in a preparation of hydrogen peroxide, the

1-15% by weight hydrogen peroxide 0.1-10% by weight anionic surfactant

1-10% by weight of a polymer which contains carboxyl groups and is thickening in aqueous alkali, and 0.1-5% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the formula I.

contains.

As explained further above, the hydrogen peroxide preparation according to the invention can also contain an emulsified or dispersed fat phase for clouding and for setting an increased viscosity and better miscibility. As fat components e.g. Paraffins, petroleum jelly, waxes, hard fats, fatty acid mono- and diglycerides and especially linear, saturated fatty alcohols, preferably cetyl and stearyl alcohol, are added to the preparation in an amount of 0.5-5% by weight. These fat components can either already be added in dispersed form or can be dispersed in the preparation with the aid of the anionic and nonionic surfactant.

In addition to the components mentioned, the hydrogen peroxide preparations according to the invention can also contain other auxiliaries in minor amounts. Such tools are e.g.

- Stabilizers for hydrogen peroxide, such as dipicolinic acid, quinolinic acid, polyphosphates or those from DE-B 11 07 207 known acylation products of phosphorous acid, for example l-hydroxyethane-l, l-diphosphonic acid in an amount of about 0.05 to 1.5% by weight

- Buffer substances for setting a pH of 3 to 5, preferably acidic sodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P2θy)

- Water-soluble protein derivatives, water-soluble cationic polymers or other hair cosmetically active components

- and possibly fragrances.

The bleaching or dyeing preparations used for bleaching or dyeing the hair are preferably oil-in-water emulsions (creams). As fat components, they preferably contain the fat components already mentioned above, preferably cetyl and stearyl alcohol. The coloring creams serve as carriers for the oxidation dye or products dissolved in them. In the case of bleaching agents, these oil-in-water emulsions only occasionally contain smaller amounts of oxidation dye precursors which, when used, compensate for too strong, natural shades of yellow and red in the hair. The bleaching and coloring creams are preferably at a pH of 8-11 and are mixed with the hydrogen peroxide preparation according to the invention before use.

The invention therefore furthermore relates to a process for dyeing or lightening the hair using an oxidation hair dyeing cream or bleaching cream (A) in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion with a pH of 8-11. by mixing the oxidation hair dyeing or bleaching cream with a hydrogen peroxide preparation (B) according to the invention having a pH of 3-5 in a weight ratio (A) :( B) = 3: 1 to 1: 2 and apply the ready-to-use hair coloring and bleaching agent formed on the hair and rinse with water after an exposure time of 15-60 minutes at room temperature. The hydrogen peroxide preparations according to the invention can be mixed by shaking them gently in the application bottle without great energy expenditure or long shaking times. The homogeneity of the dyeing or blending preparations achieved is shown in an improved dyeing result.

The following examples are intended to explain the subject of the invention in more detail:

_

B e i s p i e l e

1. Hydrogen peroxide preparations according to the invention (1.1 and 1.2)

1.1 1.2 1.3 V

Wt% wt% wt%

Hydrogen peroxide (50% in H2O) 12 12 12

Lauryl- / myristyl (70:30) polyglycol (3E0) ether sulfate, Na salt (28% by weight in H2O) 2 2 2

Ethyl acrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer, 25% by weight in H2O (Latekoll ( ^R ) D) 16 16 16

Coconut fatty alkyl polyoxyethyl (5E0) -n-butyl ether 0.5 5.0

l-hydroxyethane-l, l-diphosphonic acid 0.3 0.3 0.3

Water ad 100 ad 100 ad 100

Typical oxidation hair coloring cream

Fatty alcohol mixture C1 -C18 11.0% by weight

Lauryl / myristyl (70: 3) polyglycol (3E0) ~ ether sulfate, Na salt (28% by weight in H2O) 25.0% by weight

p-aminophenol hydrochloride 0.5% by weight

p-toluenediamine sulfate 0.38% by weight

Resorcinol 0.25% by weight

p-amino-o-cresol 0.33% by weight

Sodium sulfite 1.0% by weight

Ammonium sulfate 0.7% by weight

Fragrance 0.2% by weight

Water (and NH3 to pH = 9.5) ad 100% by weight

Viscosity 20 ° C (Brookfield RVF

4 UMP, spindle 5) 63 pa.s

40 ml each of the hydrogen peroxide preparations 1,1 or 1,2 according to the invention or of the comparison preparation 1,3 were filled into flexible 100 ml polyethylene application bags. The Oxidations¬ hair dye cream was filled in 40 nl tubes.

To dye the hair, the contents of one tube of oxidation hair dye cream were pressed into one of the application vials with the hydrogen peroxide preparation. After unscrewing the the contents were mixed by hand shaking. It was found that the preparation 1, 3 not according to the invention was only mixed with the cream so homogeneously after very long shaking that no inhomogeneities could be seen with the naked eye. The reason for the poorer mixing was obviously due to the strong foaming, which hindered the mechanical movement of the liquid when shaken.

The ready-to-use dyeing preparations obtained after mixing were applied to the hair in a customary manner and washed out with water after the exposure time. When washing out, a sufficient amount of foam still developed in the preparations according to the invention.

The results of the application tests are summarized in the following table:

H2Ü2 preparation 1.1 1.2 1.3 V.

Claims

1. Aqueous preparations of hydrogen peroxide for the oxidative dyeing and bleaching of the hair containing anionic surfactants and a thickening, carboxyl group-containing polymer or copolymer which is soluble in aqueous alkali, characterized in that a nonionic surfactant of the general formula I

R ¹ -0 (C ₂ H ₄ 0) _x -R ² (I)

in the Rl an alkyl or alkenyl group with 10-22 C atoms or an alkylphenyl group with 6-15 C atoms in the alkyl group, R ² a group - (C3H6θ) _y -H, -C _n H2 _{n +} l or - (C3H6θ) _y -C _n H2n + l, and wherein x = 1-10, y = 3-5 and n = 1-4, contained in an amount of 0.1-5% by weight of the preparation is.

2. Preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that in the formula I R is a linear Ci2-Cιs alkyl group and the sum y + n = 3-5.

3. Preparations according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that

1-15% by weight hydrogen peroxide 0.1-10% by weight anionic surfactant

1-10% by weight of a thickening polymer containing carboxyl groups and 0.1-5% by weight of a nonionic surfactant of the formula I.

are included.

4. Process for dyeing or lightening the hair with an oxidation hair dye cream or bleaching cream (A) in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion with a pH of 8-11, characterized in that the hair dyeing or bleaching cream with a hydrogen peroxide preparation (B) according to one of claims 1 to 3 with a pH wet of 3-5 in a weight ratio of (A) :( B) = 3: 1 to 1: 2 is mixed and the ready-to-use hair dye or bleaching agent formed is applied to the hair and rinsed with water after an exposure time of 15 to 60 minutes at room temperature.