WO1991016986A1 - Procede d'enrichissement de monazite - Google Patents
Procede d'enrichissement de monazite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991016986A1 WO1991016986A1 PCT/AU1991/000011 AU9100011W WO9116986A1 WO 1991016986 A1 WO1991016986 A1 WO 1991016986A1 AU 9100011 W AU9100011 W AU 9100011W WO 9116986 A1 WO9116986 A1 WO 9116986A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- collector
- acid
- oil
- ore
- emulsion
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003007 phosphonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;dioxido(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][P+]([O-])=O IIRVGTWONXBBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OGBVRMYSNSKIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OGBVRMYSNSKIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PGKQTZHDCHKDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PGKQTZHDCHKDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017343 Quebracho blanco Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000065615 Schinopsis balansae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N [(1R,4aS,10aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanamine Chemical group NC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical group [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sm+3].[Sm+3] FKTOIHSPIPYAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 10
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001612 separation test Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical group [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940032158 sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 yttrium metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005456 ore beneficiation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UXBZSSBXGPYSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].OP(O)(O)=O UXBZSSBXGPYSIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000164 yttrium(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SRIJLARXVRHZKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound OP(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SRIJLARXVRHZKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZZTCCAPMZLDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thioglycolate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CS ZZTCCAPMZLDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VVPKMGWILYHAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium;lanthanum;phosphate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[La].[Ce].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VVPKMGWILYHAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001819 crandallite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNAQNRVIJHCIFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoro carbonate Chemical group FOC(=O)OF VNAQNRVIJHCIFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003440 dysprosium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLQFUUYNQFMIJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Dy]O[Dy]=O NLQFUUYNQFMIJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001940 europium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical class [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000199 gadolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001938 gadolinium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075613 gadolinium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002908 manganese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001954 samarium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075630 samarium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003451 terbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Tb+3].[Tb+3] SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003586 thorium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUEWRCWTPVFWNN-UHFFFAOYSA-C trialuminum;calcium;pentahydroxide;diphosphate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XUEWRCWTPVFWNN-UHFFFAOYSA-C 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940075430 wheat dextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/014—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/016—Macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Definitions
- a MONAZITE BENEFICIATION PROCESS FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the separation of oxidic minerals by froth flotation, more specifically to a flotation separation process for the recovery of rare earth minerals, particularly monazite from complex and refractory ores and concentrates.
- Monazite is a rare earth containing mineral comprising phosphates of the cerium group of rare earth metals (lanthanides) in a complex oxidized ore. Monazite may also contain yttrium group compounds.
- Monazite is found in several continents, such as Australia, Africa, and in North and South America, usually in complex disseminated ores, accompanied by other valuable minerals containing yttrium, niobium, titanium, zirconium and thorium.
- a typical monazite would have the following composition with respect to its rare earth metal oxide content: Weight percent
- rare earth minerals falling within the scope of this invention include, xenoti e, churchite, rhabdophane, cheralite, cerianite, florencite, and bastnaesite.
- secondary non-rare earth minerals such as apatite, crandallite and goethite carrying minor amounts of rare earth minerals fall within the scope of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the recovery of all the aforementioned rare earth minerals, for the purposes of describing the invention, reference will be made primarily to monazite only.
- Froth flotation is a process step often used to separate the wanted components from the unwanted components of the ore.
- Froth flotation is usually preceded by an ore conditioning step, in which various conditioning agents are added to the ore slurry. Conditioning agents include pH modifiers, activators, regulators, depressants, collectors, frothers and the like, and are generally used for the purpose of conditioning the surface of the ore particles.
- the slurry of the conditioned ore is then subjected to aeration, resulting in air bubbles attaching themselves to the surface of certain ore particles which then rise to the top of the slurry, while other ore particles sink to the bottom.
- the role of the collector agent is to render the surface of the valuable component containing particles hydrophobic, thereby allowing air bubbles to adhere to these particles. These particles are subsequently separated in the froth.
- a depressant agent renders the surface of the unwanted ore particles wettable (hydrophillic) .
- the object of the froth flotation step is to obtain a froth substantially enriched by the value minerals of the ore, and at the same time depressing the unwanted mineral components into the tailing. It should be noted that the depressed ore fraction may contain other value minerals which may be recovered by subsequent flotation steps utilizing other flotation agents.
- Anionic and cationic surface activators are often used as collectors in the flotation of non-sulphidic ores. Such collectors are intended to be selectively adsorbed on the surface of the value minerals in order to obtain higher selectivity in the flotation stage.
- Monazite may be present in beach sand deposits found in India and Australia and vein-type ores found in South Africa and Brazil.
- the concentration of monazite found in beach sand and vein-type ores is achieved by using conventional techniques such as gravity separation, magnetic and electrostatic separation, or froth flotation.
- a typical process described for the beneficiation of monazite found in vein-type deposits, is described in US patent 2,610,738.
- Monazite contained in complex ores for example pegmatites, magmatites and carbonates, are likely to yield low grade concentrates when treated with conventional reagents utilized in the mineral separation of monazite contained in ores having simple gangue composition. More selective reagents are required in the separation of rare earth metal oxides contained in complex ores.
- bastnaesite which is a rare earth metal compound with a fluorcarbonate structure.
- the process of U.S. patent 4,772,382 utilizes a collector emulsion based on sulphonated fatty acids, petroleum sulphonate and a primary amine.
- Iron oxides such as goethite, hematite, and siderite are especially detrimental to froth flotation separation when they are present in ores containing monazite. Such iron oxide bearing compounds would normally float together with the rare earth minerals, when using conventional froth flotation agents.
- a new collector agent has been found for the satisfactory froth flotation separation of rare earth minerals particularly when they are finely disseminated in an ore having complex gangue compositions.
- the present invention consists in a collector agent for the froth flotation separation of rare earth minerals in an ore. comprising a composition formed by preparing an emulsion of: a fatty acid; an emulsifier; a phosphonic acid derivative or sa ⁇ : thereof; optionally an oil and/or an amine; and subsequently oxidizing the e ulsi r. until it becomes homogenized.
- the present invention further consists in a process for the beneficiation. of rare earth minerals contained in an ore or concentrate comprising the steps of: (a) forming the ore or concentrate into an aqueous slurry; (b) adding to said slurry a collector agent formed by preparing an emulsion of
- a fatty acid (i) an emulsifier, (i ⁇ ) a phosphonic acid derivative or a salt thereof, and, optionally an oil and/or an amine, then oxidizing the emulsion until said emulsion becomes homogenized,
- an oil preferably a non polar lower carbon chain oil will be included in the emulsion. This oil serves to stabilize the froth and increase cleaning efficiency without necessarily increasing rougher recoveries.
- the collector agent is added to the slurry of the ground ore, which has been conditioned with conventional conditioning agents.
- the conditioned slurry containing the collector agent is then subjected to a froth flotation process step yielding ?. froth in which the rare earth mineral is concentrated.
- Figure 1 show?; a schematic flowsheet for a monazite ore beneficiation process utilising the present invention.
- the complex ore containing monazite accompanied by gangue comprising carbonates, iron oxides, silicates, alumino-silicates, manganese or similar compounds, is ground to a suitable liberation size.
- the monazite in such ores may contain cerium group rare earth metal oxides, but also members of the yttrium metals such as yttrium, niobium, titanium, zirconium and in some cases, thorium compounds.
- the fineness of grind required may be of a particle size range which is at least 80% smaller than 37 urn.
- Some complex ores also contain clay and similar slimes, and in such instances it is preferable that these be removed by desliming before grinding.
- a second desliming step is often applied after grinding. Grinding may either be wet or dry grinding.
- the deslimed ground ore is mixed with water and made into an aqueous slurry.
- the ore slurry is subsequently conditioned with the addition of various conditioning agents, including pH modifiers, depressants and the like.
- a satisfactory depressant and pH modifier to be used in the present process is sodium sulphide (Na 2 S.9H 2 0).
- An effective depressant in the preferred embodiment of this invention is a mixture of dextrin and carboxymethyl cellulose, used together with mercapto-acetic acid as a stabilizer.
- an anionic acrylic acid homopolymer may be added at a subsequent stage of conditioning.
- Dextrin is a known polysaccharide having the general formula of (C6H ⁇ ) ⁇ 5) n .
- an anionic acrylic acid homopolymer is added as an additional depressant.
- Each of the above reagents is add d in a separate conditioning stage with approximately 10 minutes agitation after each addition.
- sodium sulphide as a pH modifier and depressant, and mixtures of dextrin, carboxylmethyl cellulose and mercapto-acetic acid, with or without acrylic acid homopolymer, are merely the preferred conditioning agents, but they are by no means essential for the practice of the present invention.
- Other suitable pH modifiers, activators and depressants may be substituted in the conditioning of the monazite-containing ore.
- the choice of depressants and modifiers depends on the gangue composition of the ore to be treated.
- the novel collector agent of this invention has a fatty acid base.
- a convenient source of fatty acids is tall oil, the fatty acids of which have the general formula C17H31.35 COOH, and are composed of long chain saturated or unsaturated mono-carboxylic acids.
- One fatty acid that has been found to be effective in this invention is oleic acid.
- fatty acid is present in the collector in a concentration of 48-62 weight percent.
- the fatty acid in the collector is emulsified by the presence of a suitable emulsifier and a phosphonic acid derivative or salt thereof.
- Suitable emulsifiers have been found to be sodium oleate and a secondary amine modified sulfonated fatty acid, having branched or straight aliphatic chains containing 15-19 carbon atoms.
- An example of this latter compound is sold under the trade name Lilaflot 0S100 by KenoGard AB of Sweden.
- the concentration of the emulsifier will be 14-22 weight percent.
- a variety of phosphonic acid derivative or salts thereof may be used.
- the present inventors have found that Na-2-ethylhexylimino-bis-methylenephosphonate is useful as are styrenephosphonic acid and benzylphosphonic acid.
- the former compound is available from Albright & Wilson Ltd under the trademark BRIQUEST 281-25S.
- the concentration of phosphonic acid derivative or salt thereof will be 14-22 weight percent.
- an oil can be included to stabilize the froth and promote cleaning efficiency.
- the oil will typically be included in the collector in a concentration of 8-12 weight percent.
- the oil will be a non polar lower carbon chain oil, examples being fuel oil and pine oil.
- a primary amine may be included in the emulsion prior to oxidation. Typically the amine would be added at a concentration of 10% w/w with respect to the emulsion.
- An example of a suitable amine is Amine D which is a rosin amine available from Hercules Inc, USA. The principle component of Amine D is dehydroabietylamine.
- the emulsion of the above composition is subsequently oxidized.
- This oxidation may be conducted by passing an oxygen-containing gas, such as air or pure oxygen through the emulsion, until the solution is clarified.
- the oxidized emulsion is added in the preferred embodiment, to the conditioned ore slurry.
- the rate of the collector addition depends on the amount of slimes and complex iron bearing compounds present in the ore, and for best results, it is added in amounts varying from 600 g/t to 2000 g/t of ore.
- Conditioning with the oxidized collector is followed by conventional rougher and cleaner flotation stages, which are usually part of a conventional flotation process. It is customary to subject the collector conditioned slurry to froth flotation process for about 7-15 minutes, without further reagent additions.
- a relatively low grade rougher concentrate is conventionally upgraded by cleaning process steps with further additions of depressants.
- the depressant mixtures used in the preferred embodiment are known to be effective in depressing iron oxides, aluminium silicates, manganese and iron carbonates. These depressants, used together with the oxidized collector emulsion of the present invention, have been found to enhance the selectivity of the collector emulsion and also to improve the grade of the monazite concentrate.
- the ore was scrubbed by conventional methods and deslimed to remove the bulk of the clay and limonite containing minerals, followed by grinding to 325 Tyler mesh nominal size. The ground ore was deslimed a second time to remove secondary slimes. The slurry of the ore was conditioned in the presence of sodium carbonate as a pH modifier, and sodium-silicate and starch were used as depressants. High purity oleic acid acted as a collector agent. The above reagents were added at the following rate:
- EXAMPLE 2 In another laboratory froth flotation separation test for the same ore as in Example 1, a combination of conventional collectors, oleic acid and a sulphonate, were used.
- the depressants in conditioning the ground ore were similar to those in Example 1.
- the reagents were added in the following quantities:
- Example 1 Laboratory froth flotation separation tests were conducted on the same ore as that used in Example 1 and Example 2, utilizing other commercially available conditioning agents and the emulsion of the present invention.
- the emulsion of the present invention is denoted as Collector CB110.
- composition of CB110 was: oleic acid 60% w/w
- This composition was prepared by mixing the components and then oxidizing in air at 75°C for 1 hour.
- the ground and deslimed ore pulp was made into an aqueous slurry and conditioned with sodium sulphide pH modifier, and the depressant mixture composed of dextrin/carboxymethyl cellulose/mercapto acetic acid, in the proportions described hereinabove.
- the conditioned ore was then subjected to froth flotation separation in the presence of CB110 collector.
- Arcylic polymer (commercially available as DA663): 500 g/t
- Cerium (Ce 2 ⁇ 3) Samarium (Sm 2 ⁇ 3) Lanthanum ( a 2 ⁇ 3) Praseodymium Pr ⁇ 3) Neodymium (Nd 2 ⁇ 3) Europium (E 2O3) Gadolinium (Gd2 ⁇ 3) Terbium ( b 2 ⁇ 3)
- Dysprosium (Dy 2 ⁇ 3) Holmium (H02O3) Erbium (Er 2 ⁇ 3) Thulium ( m 2 ⁇ 3) Ytterbium (Yb 2 ⁇ 3) Lutetium (Lu 2 ⁇ 3)
- Example 5 Laboratory froth flotation separation tests were performed on an ore containing higher concentrations of the yttrium group metals. The conditions and conditioning agents added were similar to those described in Examples 3 and 4. The ore of Example 5 had relatively high yttrium content and was relatively low in monazite.
- the rate of reagent additions were as follows: Sodium sulphide, (Na 2 S.9H 2 0): 5000 g/t Dextrin/carboxymethyl cellulose/ mercapto-acetic acid: 2000 g/t
- a collector of the invention that includes benzylphosphonic acid in place of Briquest 281-25S is advantageous for use in high content yttrium, high content iron and low content monazite ores.
- each of the collectors was prepared by mixing the components, adding 10% of Amine D and then oxidizing in air at 75°C for 2 hours.
- Acrylic polymer (DA663) 200 * WW82/770 2000
- Acrylic polymer (DA663) 300 (375) * WW82/770 525 (600)
- Ambergum 770 (a medium range molecular weight carboxymethylcellulose supplied by Hercules Inc)
- the pH of the collectors were as follows:
- collectors that have been tested satisfactorily include: -
- All of the collectors had 10% Amine D added and were oxidized in air for 2 hours at 75°C.
- the present inventors have also found that substitution of tannic acid or quebracho for carboxymethyl cellulose in the depressant WW82 reagent gives improved iron rejection.
- F-44 DA663 150 10.7 WW82/CMC/sodium dichro ate 300 F-45 DA663 150 10.6
- Each of the roughers included 5000 g/t of sodium sulfide whilst in the cleaners, the concentration was 600 g/t.
- the pH of all of the roughers was 11.1.
- the collector CB110-B3 was used at 2000 g/t for the roughers and at 400 g/t for cleaners F-37, F-40 and F-41, 300 g/t for F-44 and F-47 and at 200 g/t for the remainder.
- this oxidized collector emulsion is suitable for recovering yttrium group minerals, such as churchite, xenotime and gadolinite.
- the selectivity of the collector agent has been found to be increased in the presence of sodium sulphide as conditioning reagent in assisting the depression of clay minerals and iron oxides.
- Another advantage of this flotation separation method is that the recovery of yttrium group minerals is additionally increased. These compounds report in the froth.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Agent collecteur permettant de procéder à une flottation à la mousse de minéraux de terres rares. Ledit agent collecteur est une émulsion comprenant un acide gras, un émulsifiant et un dérivé d'acide phosphonique ou un sel de celui-ci. On peut inclure dans l'émulsion une huile et/ou une amine. Afin de préparer l'agent collecteur, les constituants sont transformés en une émulsion puis ils sont oxydés jusqu'à ce qu'ils soient homogènes. On peut procéder à l'oxydation par chauffage de l'émulsion dans l'air à une température d'au moins 60 °C. L'invention concerne également un procédé de flottation à la mousse de minéraux de terres rares à l'aide de cet agent collecteur.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AUPK0072 | 1990-05-10 | ||
AUPK007290 | 1990-05-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1991016986A1 true WO1991016986A1 (fr) | 1991-11-14 |
Family
ID=3774658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU1991/000011 WO1991016986A1 (fr) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-01-11 | Procede d'enrichissement de monazite |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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WO (1) | WO1991016986A1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2033964A3 (fr) * | 2007-08-25 | 2009-10-28 | Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH | Inhibiteur de corrosion |
WO2010002980A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collecteurs |
CN101474597B (zh) * | 2009-01-23 | 2011-09-07 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种混合稀土精矿的独居石与氟碳铈矿浮选分离方法 |
CN101444761B (zh) * | 2009-01-04 | 2011-11-30 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种高含独居石的氟碳铈矿混合稀土矿的浮选分离方法 |
US10006102B2 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2018-06-26 | Institute Of Multipurpose Utilization Of Mineral Resources | Monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method |
CN111589573A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | 稀土矿的选矿方法 |
CN114074029A (zh) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-02-22 | 包头稀土研究院 | 高品位混合稀土精矿的选矿方法 |
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GB1249008A (en) * | 1969-08-14 | 1971-10-06 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Improvements in or relating to the separation of tin ores |
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GB1249008A (en) * | 1969-08-14 | 1971-10-06 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Improvements in or relating to the separation of tin ores |
DD259153A1 (de) * | 1983-03-29 | 1988-08-17 | Adw Ddr | Mittel zur flotation oxidischer erze, insbesondere oxidischer zinnerze |
DD259154A1 (de) * | 1983-03-29 | 1988-08-17 | Adw Ddr | Mittel zur flotation oxidischer erze, insbesondere oxidischer zinnerze |
DD259155A1 (de) * | 1983-03-29 | 1988-08-17 | Adw Ddr | Mittel zur flotation oxidischer erze, insbesondere oxidischer zinnerze |
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2033964A3 (fr) * | 2007-08-25 | 2009-10-28 | Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH | Inhibiteur de corrosion |
US9566589B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2017-02-14 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collectors |
AU2009267003A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collectors |
WO2010002980A3 (fr) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-03-11 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collecteurs |
CN102076419A (zh) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-05-25 | 佐治亚-太平洋化工品有限公司 | 捕收剂 |
US8403146B2 (en) | 2008-07-02 | 2013-03-26 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collectors |
AU2009267003B2 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2016-01-14 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collectors |
WO2010002980A2 (fr) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-07 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Collecteurs |
CN101444761B (zh) * | 2009-01-04 | 2011-11-30 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种高含独居石的氟碳铈矿混合稀土矿的浮选分离方法 |
CN101474597B (zh) * | 2009-01-23 | 2011-09-07 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种混合稀土精矿的独居石与氟碳铈矿浮选分离方法 |
US10006102B2 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2018-06-26 | Institute Of Multipurpose Utilization Of Mineral Resources | Monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method |
CN111589573A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | 稀土矿的选矿方法 |
CN114074029A (zh) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-02-22 | 包头稀土研究院 | 高品位混合稀土精矿的选矿方法 |
CN114074029B (zh) * | 2020-08-18 | 2024-03-12 | 包头稀土研究院 | 高品位混合稀土精矿的选矿方法 |
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