WO1991015728A1 - Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique - Google Patents

Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991015728A1
WO1991015728A1 PCT/SE1990/000225 SE9000225W WO9115728A1 WO 1991015728 A1 WO1991015728 A1 WO 1991015728A1 SE 9000225 W SE9000225 W SE 9000225W WO 9115728 A1 WO9115728 A1 WO 9115728A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell
connecting member
tube sheet
arrangement
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1990/000225
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sune Malm
Original Assignee
Sune Malm
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sune Malm filed Critical Sune Malm
Priority to EP90908144A priority Critical patent/EP0523039B1/fr
Priority to DE69017472T priority patent/DE69017472T2/de
Publication of WO1991015728A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991015728A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0236—Header boxes; End plates floating elements
    • F28F9/0241—Header boxes; End plates floating elements floating end plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement in a heat exchanger having a heat exchanger vessel with a shell and, disposed inside the shell, at least one tube sheet to which a number of heat exchanger tubes are connected and whose edge portion is sealingly connected to the shell.
  • the invention more specifically relates to an arrangement in which the tube sheet is connected to the shell by means of a flexible connecting member.
  • the tube sheet (or tube sheets, since there generally are two such sheets) normally has the largest wall thickness of the construc ⁇ tion.
  • the reason for this is that the tube sheet edge portion fixed to the shell is subjected to substantial loads as a result of differences in thermal expansion between the shell and the tubes mounted in the tube sheet.
  • the edge portion of the tube sheet must be capable of withstanding pressure from one side. The load of such a pressure, which may be an external pressure or an internal pressure, is taken up in the form of bending stresses in the edge portion of the tube sheet, which necessitates a considerable wall thickness of the tube sheet.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement of the type stated in the introduction to this specification, which substantially overcomes the problems discussed above, while simultaneously yielding further essential advantages in constructional respects.
  • a heat exchanger having a heat exchanger vessel with a shell and, disposed inside the shell, at least one tube sheet to which a number of heat exchanger tubes are connected and whose edge portion is sealingly connected to the shell by means of a flexible connecting member, such that thermal expansion between the shell and the tube sheet can be taken up as bending of the connect ⁇ ing member which is designed as part of a toroid having a cross-section of arched configuration, said arrangement being characterised in that the connecting member is in the form of a thin membrane shell of metallic material, generally steel and preferably stainless steel, and of continuous curvature, said membrane shell having substan ⁇ tially the shape of a quarter circle, at least in the unloaded state, such that loads deriving from pressure differences across the connecting member can be taken up as general membrane stresses in the connecting member.
  • the quarter-circle shape imparts to the connecting member the essential property of being able to withstand substantial- ly the same pressure exerted from one side, against either the concave or the convex side thereof, while also en ⁇ suring good resilience. Further, this construction entails economy of material.
  • the arrangement according to the invention means that thermal expansion can readily be taken up as bending of the pliable connecting member, while at the same time pressure exerted from one side can be taken up as general membrane stresses well distributed over the membrane of the connecting member.
  • general membrane stresses as used herein has the current meaning adopted in the art.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to cope with thermal displacement and pressure loads from one side without the occurrence of any major forces or moments in the construction.
  • the tube sheet itself will not be subjected to any substantial forces or moments from its edge portion. It can therefore be made much thinner than the tube sheets of conventional constructions.
  • the thickness of the tube sheet can be reduced down to 10-20% of normal thickness.
  • the thin, shell-like connecting member can easily be fixed to the edge of the tube sheet and to the shell of the heat exchanger vessel, e.g. by welding.
  • the connecting member can also be designed as a continuous extension of the tube sheet or a part of the shell, in which case such an extension may have a tube sheet or shell wall thickness reduced to a suitable extent. Integrating the connecting member with the tube sheet or the shell wall permits using highly simplified and less expensive manufacturing tech ⁇ niques.
  • the invention also yields a very compact construe- tion with a small gap between the edge of the tube sheet and the shell wall, which means that the interior of the heat exchanger can be utilised more efficiently.
  • the connecting member according to the invention pre- ferably has a uniform thickness throughout its membrane surface.
  • the connect ⁇ ing member may of course comprise special edge fixing means for fixing to the tube sheet and to the shell.
  • a stiffening ring or flange can be provided at the edge of the tube sheet outside the tubes. This ring or flange may be rigidly or elastically fixed to the tube sheet. It may also form a continuous extension of the tube sheet.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic, vertical longitudinal section of a horizontal heat exchanger including an arrangement according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic part- sectional view showing an embodiment of a connecting mem ⁇ ber according to the invention.
  • Figs 3-9 are views similar to Fig. 2, but illustrating alternative embodiments of a connecting member according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a vertical longitudinal section of a horizontal heat exchanger incorporating an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the heat exchanger comprises in conventional manner a cylindrical shell 1; two bonnets 2 and 3 fixed to the shell by means of flange joints 5; two tube sheets 7, 8, the planes of which are perpendicular to the axis of the shell 1 and which are disposed at each end of the shell; tubes 9 fixed in holes in the tube sheets and extending between the tube sheets parallel to the axis of the shell; baffles 11, 12, 13 parallel to the tube sheets 7, 8 and distributed along the tubes 9; an inlet 15 at the top of the shell 1 at one side thereof for supplying a first heat exchanger fluid; an outlet 17 at the bottom of the shell at the other side thereof for evacuating the first heat exchanger fluid; an inlet 19 centrally disposed in the bonnet 3 for supplying a second heat exchanger fluid to pass through a first set of tubes 9 to the space inwardly of the bonnet 2; and an outlet 21 disposed at the bottom of the
  • the tube sheets 7 and 8 are flexibly fixed to the shell 1 by means of special connecting members 23, which will be described in more detail below with reference to Figs 2-9.
  • the central baffle 12 is fixed to the shell, and the tubes 9 in turn are fixed to the baffle 12 at the point where they pass through it.
  • the baffles 11 and 13 are fixed to the baffle 12 by means of spacer rods 25, but are movable relative to the shell.
  • the tubes 9 pass through holes in the baffles 11 and 13, these holes being slightly larger than the tubes, such that the tubes 9 and the baffles 11 and 13 are movable in relation to each other.
  • baffles 11, 12, 13 do not extend over the entire cir ⁇ cular cross-section and are so alternatingly adjoining the shell 1 that the first heat exchanger fluid is caused to follow an alternating downward and upward flow path about the tubes 9, as indicated by the arrows 27.
  • the second heat exchanger fluid is supplied to the first limited set of tubes 9 from the inlet 19 by means of a tubular duct 26.
  • This consists of two telescopic tube parts 29, 30.
  • the part 29 is connected to the inlet 19, and the part 30 is connected to the tube sheet, around the associated tubes.
  • the part 29 can be displaced within the part 30 in connection with thermally-conditioned displace ⁇ ments of the tube sheet 8, a seal 31 ensuring adequate sealing with respect to the space inwardly of the bonnet 3.
  • the seal 31 may be a simple gland-type seal, since the pressure exerted across it does not exceed the pressure drop of the second heat exchanger fluid during its passage through the tubes 9.
  • the flow path of the second heat exchanger fluid is indicated by the arrows 28.
  • Figs 2-9 all schematically illustrate the provision of a metallic, shell-like connecting member 23, viz. in an enlarged partial section taken along a diameter, parallel to the axis of the shell 1.
  • the section is taken at right angles to the centre axis of the connecting member 23 designed as a shell portion of an annular toroid.
  • the connecting member 23 is a thin mem ⁇ brane shell of metal having the cross-sectional shape of a quarter circle, i.e. a 90° circular arc (in the unloaded state).
  • the edges of the membrane shell are extended and fixed to the lower, i.e. "outer" edge surface 31 (in the Figure) of the tube sheet 8 and to the inner surface of the shell 1. Said edges are connected tangentially both to the inner surface of the shell 1 and to the tube sheet 8.
  • the connection is per ⁇ formed by welding, as shown in the respective Figures.
  • the membrane shell is located below the plane of the tube sheet 8, i.e. on the outside thereof.
  • An "external" pressure exerted from one side is readily taken up as membrane stresses, as indicated by arrows 33. How ⁇ ever, an "internal" pressure from one side can just as easily be taken up as membrane stresses thanks to the configuration of the membrane shell.
  • the membrane shell is connected orthogonally both to the tube sheet 8 and to the shell 1, and the extended fixing portion 37 of the mem- brane shell 23 is connected tangentially to a shell flange 5 and provided with a gasket 39 on its underside. More ⁇ over, the fixing portion of the membrane shell at the tube sheet 8 is extended so as to project on the opposite side of the tube sheet 8. The thus projecting portion 35 has been found to improve the mounting strength and stability. As shown in the Figure, the membrane shell 23 and the ex ⁇ tended portion 35 thereof are welded to the edge of the tube sheet 8 at its upper and lower side, respectively. An "internal" pressure exerted from one side is indicated by arrows 34.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the same general type as that in Fig. 2, but the connecting member 23 here is a continuous extension of the tube sheet 8.
  • This extension has a reduced wall thickness and protrudes from the upper side (i.e. "inner side") of the tube sheet 8.
  • the free end surface 41 of the tube sheet is concave in conformity with the curvature of the membrane shell 23 so as to provide a smooth transition. In this manner, it is possible to avoid detrimental stress concentrations.
  • the opposite end of the membrane shell 23, which is welded to the shell 1 is thickened by the curvature of the mem ⁇ brane shell continuing a slight distance after the 90° arc.
  • the weld joint 43 is located in the plane of the inner wall of the shell 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is analogous with that of Fig. 2, although it is here a matter of an "inter ⁇ nal" pressure exerted from one side.
  • the curvature or arch of the membrane shell 23 thus is reversed, facing down ⁇ wards, i.e. outwards.
  • the pres- sure thus acts within the concave, arched membrane shell to achieve the optimum membrane stress effect.
  • the membrane shell according to the invention can also take up pressure exerted only from the opposite, convex side.
  • the connecting member 23 here is a continuous exten ⁇ sion of the shell 1.
  • the transition to the shell 1 is designed in the same way as the transition to the tube sheet 8 in Fig. 4.
  • the membrane shell 23 is welded to the lower part of the end edge surface.
  • the end edge surface 45 otherwise is concave with a smooth transition from the curvature of the membrane shell 23, whereby to avoid detrimental stress concentrations.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment which is analogous with that of Fig. 1, although modified in two respects.
  • the membrane shell 23 is welded to the lower part of the end edge surface of the tube sheet (as in Fig. 5), and the end edge surface is formed with a continuously connected, circumferential groove 47.
  • an annular cylindrical stiffening ring 49 is rigidly mounted (in this case weld ⁇ ed) on the upper side of the tube sheet 8 directly at the circumferential edge of the sheet.
  • the ring 49 projects inwards, i.e. in the opposite direction with respect to the membrane shell 23, orthogonally to the tube sheet 8.
  • Fig. 7 shows an embodiment which is analogous (al ⁇ though reversed) with respect to that of Fig. 3.
  • stif ⁇ fening ring is however resiliently mounted by being welded to the projecting portion 35 of the membrane shell 23.
  • a circumferential groove 51 eliminating stress concentrations is provided on the underside of the tube sheet 8 in the immediate vicinity of the weld 53 between the tube sheet 8 and the membrane shell 23. The groove 51 and the weld 53 provide a smooth, curved transition be ⁇ tween the membrane shell 23 and the tube sheet 8.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment"which is analogous with that of Fig. 5, but, additionally, provided with a stiff ⁇ ening ring 49, as in Fig. 6.
  • the ring does not project at right angles from the tube sheet, but obliquely inwardly towards the centre of the heat exchanger, i.e. away from the shell 1.
  • the lowermost portion 57 of the ring is bent backwards so as to be perpendicular to the plane of the tube sheet 8.
  • An annular concave groove 59 is connected to the upper weld between the membrane shell 23 and the ring portion 57, whereby to avoid detrimental stress concentrations.
  • this arrangement means that the gap 61 between the shell 1 and the edge of the tube sheet 8 can be reduced, thus improving the utilisation of the interior of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1 uses two movable tube sheets, which entails a horizontal heat exchanger, as well as the illustrated, preferred arrangement of the baffles.
  • Other embodiments are however conceivable within the scope of the inventive concept.
  • Movable baffles are then mounted in conventional manner by means of spacer members in the stationary tube sheet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Agencement dans un échangeur thermique comportant un récipient échangeur de chaleur possédant une coque (1) dans lequel est disposée au moins une plaque tubulaire (8) à laquelle sont reliés un certain nombre de tubes échangeurs de chaleur (9), et dont le bord forme une connexion étanche avec ledit boîtier à l'aide d'un élément de liaison souple (23). Cet élément de liaison fait partie d'un tore à section transversale arquée présentant une courbure continue et ayant la forme d'un quart de circonférence de sorte que les charges dues à des différences de pression entre les deux côtés de l'élément de liaison puissent être transformées en contraintes générales de la membrane, et que la dilatation thermique entre la coque et la plaque tubulaire puisse être absorbée par la flexion de l'élément de liaison.
PCT/SE1990/000225 1988-10-05 1990-04-04 Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique WO1991015728A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90908144A EP0523039B1 (fr) 1988-10-05 1990-04-04 Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique
DE69017472T DE69017472T2 (de) 1988-10-05 1990-04-04 Entlastete wärmetauscherohrplatte.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8803537A SE462815B (sv) 1988-10-05 1988-10-05 Anordning vid vaermevaexlare, vari en tubplatta aer taetande ansluten till en yttermantel via ett flexibelt anslutningselement vars tvaersektion vaesentligen har formen av en kvartscirkel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991015728A1 true WO1991015728A1 (fr) 1991-10-17

Family

ID=20373532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1990/000225 WO1991015728A1 (fr) 1988-10-05 1990-04-04 Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0523039B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69017472T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2068387T3 (fr)
SE (1) SE462815B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991015728A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993013378A1 (fr) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidisseur a air froid pour turbines a gaz
FR2772468A1 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-18 Packinox Sa Echangeur thermique a plaques
WO2007017064A1 (fr) * 2005-08-06 2007-02-15 Daimler Ag Echangeur thermique
EP1903207A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-26 Modine Manufacturing Company Echangeur thermique en particulier échangeur thermique de gaz d'échappement
CN105179123A (zh) * 2011-01-19 2015-12-23 Getas热力驱动系统有限公司 轴向活塞式马达和用于操作轴向活塞式马达的方法
EP3165865A1 (fr) * 2015-11-07 2017-05-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Échangeur thermique
EP3196579A1 (fr) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-26 Mahle International GmbH Échangeur de chaleur
CN114189174A (zh) * 2022-02-15 2022-03-15 四川大学 一种热电转换装置与系统
CN114234701A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-25 河南恒天久大实业有限公司 一种管板能伸缩的换热器
CN115013195A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 东风马勒热系统有限公司 采用分体式出气主片的废气再循环冷却器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE462815B (sv) * 1988-10-05 1990-09-03 Sune Malm Anordning vid vaermevaexlare, vari en tubplatta aer taetande ansluten till en yttermantel via ett flexibelt anslutningselement vars tvaersektion vaesentligen har formen av en kvartscirkel

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1740318A (en) * 1927-12-24 1929-12-17 Gen Electric Condenser boiler
US1831454A (en) * 1930-08-15 1931-11-10 Ingersoll Rand Co Condenser
US1876401A (en) * 1932-09-06 chatfield
US2152266A (en) * 1937-05-14 1939-03-28 Andale Co Heat exchange equipment
FR1100530A (fr) * 1953-05-11 1955-09-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Chauffeur
FR1211918A (fr) * 1957-12-23 1960-03-18 Foster Wheeler Ltd échangeurs de chaleur perfectionnés
SE179852C1 (fr) * 1962-01-01
FR1370042A (fr) * 1963-06-17 1964-08-21 Parsons C A & Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés aux échangeurs tubulaires de chaleur
DE2055500A1 (de) * 1969-11-14 1971-05-27 Detude Et De Construction De M Plattenwarmeaustauscher
US3812907A (en) * 1972-05-05 1974-05-28 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Heat exchangers
FR2415790A1 (fr) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Perfectionnements aux echangeurs de chaleur a calandre et tubes
SE462815B (sv) * 1988-10-05 1990-09-03 Sune Malm Anordning vid vaermevaexlare, vari en tubplatta aer taetande ansluten till en yttermantel via ett flexibelt anslutningselement vars tvaersektion vaesentligen har formen av en kvartscirkel

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1876401A (en) * 1932-09-06 chatfield
SE179852C1 (fr) * 1962-01-01
US1740318A (en) * 1927-12-24 1929-12-17 Gen Electric Condenser boiler
US1831454A (en) * 1930-08-15 1931-11-10 Ingersoll Rand Co Condenser
US2152266A (en) * 1937-05-14 1939-03-28 Andale Co Heat exchange equipment
FR1100530A (fr) * 1953-05-11 1955-09-21 Metallgesellschaft Ag Chauffeur
FR1211918A (fr) * 1957-12-23 1960-03-18 Foster Wheeler Ltd échangeurs de chaleur perfectionnés
FR1370042A (fr) * 1963-06-17 1964-08-21 Parsons C A & Co Ltd Perfectionnements apportés aux échangeurs tubulaires de chaleur
DE2055500A1 (de) * 1969-11-14 1971-05-27 Detude Et De Construction De M Plattenwarmeaustauscher
US3812907A (en) * 1972-05-05 1974-05-28 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Heat exchangers
FR2415790A1 (fr) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Perfectionnements aux echangeurs de chaleur a calandre et tubes
SE462815B (sv) * 1988-10-05 1990-09-03 Sune Malm Anordning vid vaermevaexlare, vari en tubplatta aer taetande ansluten till en yttermantel via ett flexibelt anslutningselement vars tvaersektion vaesentligen har formen av en kvartscirkel

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993013378A1 (fr) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidisseur a air froid pour turbines a gaz
FR2772468A1 (fr) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-18 Packinox Sa Echangeur thermique a plaques
WO2007017064A1 (fr) * 2005-08-06 2007-02-15 Daimler Ag Echangeur thermique
EP1903207A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-26 Modine Manufacturing Company Echangeur thermique en particulier échangeur thermique de gaz d'échappement
CN105179123A (zh) * 2011-01-19 2015-12-23 Getas热力驱动系统有限公司 轴向活塞式马达和用于操作轴向活塞式马达的方法
EP3165865A1 (fr) * 2015-11-07 2017-05-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Échangeur thermique
EP3196579A1 (fr) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-26 Mahle International GmbH Échangeur de chaleur
CN114234701A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-25 河南恒天久大实业有限公司 一种管板能伸缩的换热器
CN114189174A (zh) * 2022-02-15 2022-03-15 四川大学 一种热电转换装置与系统
CN115013195A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-06 东风马勒热系统有限公司 采用分体式出气主片的废气再循环冷却器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8803537D0 (sv) 1988-10-05
SE8803537L (sv) 1990-04-06
EP0523039A1 (fr) 1993-01-20
DE69017472T2 (de) 1995-08-31
SE462815B (sv) 1990-09-03
DE69017472D1 (de) 1995-04-06
ES2068387T3 (es) 1995-04-16
EP0523039B1 (fr) 1995-03-01

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