WO1991014649A1 - Procede pour la separation du dioxygene d'un melange de gaz - Google Patents
Procede pour la separation du dioxygene d'un melange de gaz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991014649A1 WO1991014649A1 PCT/FR1991/000218 FR9100218W WO9114649A1 WO 1991014649 A1 WO1991014649 A1 WO 1991014649A1 FR 9100218 W FR9100218 W FR 9100218W WO 9114649 A1 WO9114649 A1 WO 9114649A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- complex
- dioxygen
- metal
- oxidation
- formula
- Prior art date
Links
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- -1 aromatic thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical class [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 4
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000047703 Nonion Species 0.000 claims 1
- VBQDSLGFSUGBBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(triethyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VBQDSLGFSUGBBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 28
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001075 voltammogram Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002262 Schiff base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tributyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002739 cryptand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyl Chemical group O[O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MHNHYTDAOYJUEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MHNHYTDAOYJUEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0233—Chemical processing only
- C01B13/0244—Chemical processing only by complexation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0285—Physical processing only by absorption in liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/006—Palladium compounds
- C07F15/0066—Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0051—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0078—Noble gases
- C01B2210/0082—Argon
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is the use of transition metal complexes for the separation of dioxygen from a mixture of gases containing it.
- the first three consist of a non-destructive fixation of the O 2 molecule on the metal and are therefore likely to intervene in the processes of separation of the oxygen molecule from a gaseous mixture.
- the most complex families of complexing agents used in this regard include cobalt linked to a Schiff base, an amino acid, a porphyrin, a polyalkyamine or a polyalkylamino acid, or also iron linked to a cryptand or to a porphyrin.
- Other families include, as transition metal, manganese or copper linked respectively to one or more phosphines or to a protein.
- spin for example: Co II low spin - Co II high spin (function of the field strength of the ligand used), of complexation of oxygen, and of dimerization of the oxygen complex.
- L represents a coordination site belonging to one or more inorganic or organic ligand (s), mono or polydentate (s) identical or different, said ligands being capable of stabilizing the low valences of M, chosen in particular among the following ligands: . carbon monoxide
- M is a transition metal capable of fixing O 2 by forming dihapto dioxygenated peroxide compounds
- X is an organic coordinating anion, for example a carboxylate ion, or an inorganic anion, for example a halide and in particular a chloride ion,
- * p represents the degree of oxidation of M in the complex of formula (A),
- * m, equal to 1 or 2 represents the number of metal centers of the complex
- n ', m', x ' have the same meanings as n, m, x respectively with: 2 ⁇ n' ⁇ n, 1 ⁇ m' ⁇ m, 0 ⁇ x' ⁇ x.
- a group of metal complexes usable in the invention is illustrated by the formula (C), [L n M + p ] + p , in which the symbols have the meanings given above.
- the metal M is coordinated, in addition to the ligands comprising L coordinating sites, to anions so as to at least partially block the unoccupied coordination sites of M.
- the invention also relates to dinuclear complexes corresponding to the formula:
- L, M, X, n, p, z, and x are as defined above, where the dinuclear structure is provided either by bridging X - z anions, or by polydentate chelating ligands carrying at least two coordinating sites L, either by a metal-metal bond, or by a combination of these bonds.
- the metal complexes which can be used in the invention can be in the state of anions or cations. They are then associated with one or more against mineral or organic non-coordinating ion (s) which counterbalances their charge.
- These ions come from the support electrolyte and can in particular be quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, alkali or alkaline-earth complexed or not or the like, for cations, and halide ions, tetrafluoroborates, hexafluorophosphates, sulfates, carbonates, phosphates or the like, for anions.
- the dioxygenated complexes of formula (B) result from the fixation of dioxygen by the compounds of formula (A) and more particularly by the compounds of formula (C), (D) or (E).
- Compounds (A), (C), (D) and (E) can be synthesized beforehand or they can be formed in situ from commercial products or not.
- Metal salts at varying degrees of oxidation, can serve as precursors to the active species, such as the halogen, acetate, nitrates, sulfates, fluoroborates, perchlorates or the like salts.
- Compounds which are particularly suitable for the process in the case where M represents Pd include PdCl 2 and Na 2 PdCl 4 .
- Ligands which are particularly suitable for the preparation of the complexes of the invention are chosen from phosphines. Mention will in particular be made of triphenylphosphines, alkyl-, aryl- or alkylarylphosphines, mono- or bidentates and in particular triphenylphosphine and tri-n-butylphosphine.
- sulfonated phosphines such as the trisulfonated triphenylphosphine P (C 6 H 4 SO 3 H) 3 or disulfonated P (C 6 H 5 ) (C 6 H 4 SO 3 H) 2 or monosulfonated P (C 6 H 5 ) 2 (C 6 H 4 SO 3 H).
- Phosphine oxides and phosphites are also suitable when operating in an aqueous medium.
- Metal complexes particularly preferred for the implementation of the invention contain as transition metal M palladium, platinum, nickel or rhodium.
- the electrochemical oxidation step is carried out in the compar anode cell of an electrolysis cell.
- Suitable electrolytes are of the perfluoroborate or tetraphenylborate or perfluorophosphate or halide or sulphate or carbonate or carbonate or phosphate of alkali or alkaline earth, complexed or not, of quaternary ammonium salt, of phosphonium and include, for example, tetrafluoroborate of tetra-n- butyl ammonium or triethylbenzylammonium hexafluorophosphate.
- the operation is carried out at a potential chosen as a function of the oxygenated metal complex to be oxidized and the composition of the medium.
- the oxidation stage is followed by the desorption of the oxygen which is also carried out in the anode compartment of the electrolysis cell, the separation of the oxygen from the solution being carried out by means of a gas-liquid separation tower placed in downstream of the anode compartment.
- the solution obtained is transferred at the outlet of the previous tower, into the cathode compartment of the electrolysis cell, where the electrochemical reduction is carried out at a more negative potential than that used in the oxidation step, which leads to a lower valence complex, capable of fixing the oxygen again in an absorption tower placed between the exit of the cathode compartment and the entry of the anode compartment, the electrochemical oxidation-reduction cycle then being resumed.
- the oxygen absorption step is carried out by contacting the gas mixture with the metal complex in reduced form in solution.
- the active species (A) is formed in situ.
- a mixture of metal halide, for example PdCl 2 or Na 2 PdCl 4 , and of ligand, for example triphenylphosphine or tri-n-butylphosphine, which is rapidly introduced into a species (G), is introduced into the cathode compartment.
- ligand for example triphenylphosphine or tri-n-butylphosphine
- an advantageous variant of the process consists in reacting this superoxide ion generated in the cathode compartment on the species (G ) to lead directly to the dioxygenated complex (B).
- the species (G) is the complex (R 3 P) 2 PdCl 2 this reaction is written
- the materialization of this transformation can advantageously be carried out by the use of an electrochemical cell under pressure, or the use of a porous cathode with gas diffusion.
- the porous cathode also has the following two advantages:
- a solution of the complex is used in an organic solvent.
- a solvent preferably having a low ohmic drop is preferably chosen.
- Suitable solvents of this type include dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, acetonitrile, or even benzonitrile, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran.
- the operation is carried out in an aqueous medium, the ligands used being then chosen from water-soluble ligands.
- the separation of dioxygen is carried out at atmospheric pressure.
- the complex solution is then brought into contact with compressed air.
- the absorption of oxygen is carried out at atmospheric pressure and the liquid is compressed using a pump to the desired pressure.
- This process makes it possible to separate the oxygen from the air, in particular in a continuous process.
- Figures 1 to 4 represent voltamograms referring to selected examples:
- FIG. 1 relates to the electrochemistry of the L 4 Pd ° complex in which L represents triphenylphosphine.
- the curve LA is the voltamogram of the complex (PPh 3 ) 4 Pd ° under an argon atmosphere; curve 1B that of the same complex after introduction of oxygen; curve 1C represents the voltamogram of (PPh 3 ) 4 Pd ° in the presence of an excess of O 2 and the curve 1D results from the previous one after addition of two equivalents of nBu 4 N + Cl- with respect to the starting complex.
- Figures 2 and 3 show the voltamograms of the complex (PPh 3 ) 2 PdO 2 obtained chemically, then dissolved in dimethylformamide. More particularly, Figure 2 reproduces the voltammograms obtained with an initial cathode scan for the complex (PPh 3 ) 2 PdO 2 alone (curve 2A) and added with two equivalents of nBu 4 N + Cl- (curve 2B).
- FIG. 4 shows the voltamograms recorded for the complex (PPh 3 ) 2 PdO 2 prepared in situ in dimethylformamide from PdCl 2 and PPh 3 . More specifically, curves 4A to 4D represent:
- EXAMPLE 1 EISCTROCHIHICAL STUDY OF THE METAL COMPLEX L 4 Pdo IN WHICH THE METAL IS COORDINATED BY FOUR LIGANDS HONODENTATES TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE PPh 3 .
- the oxidation-reduction potential studies were carried out in dimethylformamide (DMF) or dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 ) in the presence of 0.3 M tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (nBu 4 NBF 4 ) as the electrolyte Support .
- the L 4 Pd ° concentration is 2mM.
- the potentials were measured with respect to the saturated calomel electrode (DHW), and determined by cyclic voltammetry on the gold (Au) or carbon (C) electrode, at the scanning speeds of 200 and 100 mV.s - 1 respectively.
- DHW saturated calomel electrode
- Au gold
- C carbon
- the L 4 Pd ° complex leads to the dioxygen compound L 2 Pd II O 2 , according to:
- the reduced species is able to fix dioxygen again and gives rise to the same oxidation reaction as above with 2 electrons around + 0.50V. This species is much more hungry for dioxygen than its precursor L 4 Pdo.
- L 2 Pd 2 O 2 The oxidation of L 2 Pd 2 O 2 involves two electrons per mole. It releases molecular oxygen and leads to the L 2 PdCl 2 complex, according to:
- composition of the medium solvent, dimethylformamide, 70 ml; L 2 PdO 2 5mM; benzyltri-n-butyl ammonium chloride, 11mM; support electrolyte, tetra-n-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate, 0.3M, medium saturated with oxygen.
- EXAMPLE 5 ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF THE L 2 PdO 2 COMPLEX PREPARED IN SITU FROM PdCl 2 AND TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE, PPh 3 .
- the species oxidized to + 0.22V does not come from that reduced to - 2.17V, but from the species which results from the reaction of dioxygen with [L 2 Pd ° Cl x ] -x ( reversal of the return sweep at -1.5 V or of the reaction of the superoxide ion O 2 - with the L 2 Pd II Cl 2 complex, (in the case of a sweep back to
- the recorded voltammogram shows on the side of the reduction a wave at -0.94V attributed to the reduction in dioxygen and a second wave at -1.39V attributed to the reduction in L 2 Pd II Cl 2 .
- the disappearance of the wave of [L 2 PdoCl x ] -x and the appearance of the wave of oxidation of [L 2 PdO 2 Cl x ] -x at + 0.22V are observed.
- An oxidation wave at + 0.79V is attributed to the oxidation of chloride ions.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/777,213 US5296105A (en) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-19 | Process using transition metal complexes for the separation of dioxygen from a gas mixture by electrodecomplexation |
CA002056410A CA2056410A1 (fr) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-19 | Procede d'utilisation de complexes de metaux de transition pour la separation du dioxygene d'un melange de gaz par electrodecomplexation |
BR919105169A BR9105169A (pt) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-19 | Processo de utilizacao de complexos de metais de transicao para a separacao de dioxigenio de uma mistura de gases por eletrodescomplexacao |
NO91914550A NO914550L (no) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-11-21 | Fremgangsmaate til separering av dioksygen fra en gassblanding ved hjelp av overgangsmetall-komplekser |
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FR9003886A FR2660210B1 (fr) | 1990-03-27 | 1990-03-27 | Procede d'utilisation de complexes de metaux de transition pour la separation du dioxygene d'un melange de gaz par electrodecomplexation. |
FR90/03886 | 1990-03-27 |
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WO1991014649A1 true WO1991014649A1 (fr) | 1991-10-03 |
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PCT/FR1991/000218 WO1991014649A1 (fr) | 1990-03-27 | 1991-03-19 | Procede pour la separation du dioxygene d'un melange de gaz |
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US (1) | US5296105A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0476115A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH04506627A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU632232B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9105169A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2056410A1 (fr) |
CS (1) | CS80591A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2660210B1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HU913557D0 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL293018A1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT97183A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1991014649A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA912276B (fr) |
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US5871565A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-02-16 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Vacuum/pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) for production of an oxygen enriched gas |
US8268048B2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2012-09-18 | University Of Kansas | Oxygen binding of nanoparticulate metal complexes |
Citations (4)
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US4457898A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1984-07-03 | Facilitated Separations, Ltd. | Managanese compounds and sorption of gases using manganese compounds |
US4475994A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1984-10-09 | Maxdem Incorporated | Method and apparatus for separating oxygen from a gaseous mixture |
US4680037A (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1987-07-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Lacunar cobalt complexes for oxygen separation |
WO1988002036A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-03-24 | Sri International | Procede de separation de gaz |
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US4952289A (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1990-08-28 | Aquanautics Corporation | Macrocyclic amine complexes for ligand extraction and generation |
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1990
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1991
- 1991-03-19 JP JP3506928A patent/JPH04506627A/ja active Pending
- 1991-03-19 AU AU76653/91A patent/AU632232B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-19 BR BR919105169A patent/BR9105169A/pt unknown
- 1991-03-19 WO PCT/FR1991/000218 patent/WO1991014649A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-03-19 CA CA002056410A patent/CA2056410A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-19 HU HU913557A patent/HU913557D0/hu unknown
- 1991-03-19 US US07/777,213 patent/US5296105A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-19 PL PL29301891A patent/PL293018A1/xx unknown
- 1991-03-19 EP EP91907588A patent/EP0476115A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-26 ZA ZA912276A patent/ZA912276B/xx unknown
- 1991-03-26 CS CS91805A patent/CS80591A2/cs unknown
- 1991-03-27 PT PT97183A patent/PT97183A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4457898A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1984-07-03 | Facilitated Separations, Ltd. | Managanese compounds and sorption of gases using manganese compounds |
US4475994A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1984-10-09 | Maxdem Incorporated | Method and apparatus for separating oxygen from a gaseous mixture |
US4680037A (en) * | 1986-08-28 | 1987-07-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Lacunar cobalt complexes for oxygen separation |
WO1988002036A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-03-24 | Sri International | Procede de separation de gaz |
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BR9105169A (pt) | 1992-05-19 |
PT97183A (pt) | 1991-11-29 |
AU7665391A (en) | 1991-10-21 |
PL293018A1 (en) | 1992-10-05 |
EP0476115A1 (fr) | 1992-03-25 |
US5296105A (en) | 1994-03-22 |
FR2660210A1 (fr) | 1991-10-04 |
JPH04506627A (ja) | 1992-11-19 |
CS80591A2 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
CA2056410A1 (fr) | 1991-09-28 |
FR2660210B1 (fr) | 1992-06-05 |
ZA912276B (en) | 1991-12-24 |
HU913557D0 (en) | 1992-07-28 |
AU632232B2 (en) | 1992-12-17 |
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