WO1991012167A1 - Device for the propulsion of a two-wheel drive bike and bike so equipped - Google Patents

Device for the propulsion of a two-wheel drive bike and bike so equipped Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991012167A1
WO1991012167A1 PCT/FR1991/000075 FR9100075W WO9112167A1 WO 1991012167 A1 WO1991012167 A1 WO 1991012167A1 FR 9100075 W FR9100075 W FR 9100075W WO 9112167 A1 WO9112167 A1 WO 9112167A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pinion
shaft
front wheel
wheel
rear wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1991/000075
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Christophe Biannic
Jean-Yves Charron
Philippe Froger
Franck Savard
Patrick Savard
Philippe Charron
François Lacoste
Anne Lacoste
Christine Lacoste
Jean-Marie Lacoste
Original Assignee
Biannic Jean Christophe
Charron Jean Yves
Philippe Froger
Franck Savard
Patrick Savard
Philippe Charron
Lacoste Francois
Anne Lacoste
Christine Lacoste
Lacoste Jean Marie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biannic Jean Christophe, Charron Jean Yves, Philippe Froger, Franck Savard, Patrick Savard, Philippe Charron, Lacoste Francois, Anne Lacoste, Christine Lacoste, Lacoste Jean Marie filed Critical Biannic Jean Christophe
Publication of WO1991012167A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991012167A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M23/00—Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions

Definitions

  • Propulsion device for a two-wheel drive bicycle and bicycle provided with this device.
  • the present invention relates to a device for driving the front wheel in rotation of a bicycle, the rear wheel of which is driving.
  • Bicycles in a known manner comprise a rear driving wheel and a front steering wheel.
  • the user drives the rear wheel by means of pedals arranged at the end of the crank arms secured to a crankset which cooperates with a chain which itself drives a pinion secured to the rear wheel.
  • the ratio of the number of teeth of the chainring and the pinion determines the transmission coefficient.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a propulsion device which in particular overcomes the lack of traction, which allows interdependence of the braking of the front and rear wheels, which can be adapted on existing bicycles with slight modifications, which has a weight additional compatible with that of the bicycle, a low cost price, a simplicity such that the reliability is at least equal to that of the other elements and accessories of the bicycle.
  • the propulsion device of a bicycle provided with motor means actuated by the user, driving the rear wheel and the front wheel of which is mounted on a fork, is characterized in that it comprises means for driving the front wheel in rotation which cooperate with the driving means.
  • the drive means comprise a universal joint whose first half-shaft is mounted for rotation relative to the frame and whose second half-shaft is mounted for rotation relative to the fork.
  • the first half-shaft is provided at its end with a receiving pinion and a transmission member which cooperates with the drive means and the second half-shaft is provided at its end with a driving pinion and a transmission member which cooperates with a receiving pinion integral with the front wheel so as to drive this front wheel in rotation.
  • the drive means comprise a bottom bracket with at least one chainring, at least one pinion arranged on one side of the rear wheel and integral with the latter and a transmission member connecting this chainring and this pinion and the rear wheel also comprises a pinion driving integral with the wheel which cooperates with the transmission member associated with the pinion receiving the first half-shaft of the universal joint.
  • the drive means comprise a crankset with at least two plates, a pinion secured to the rear wheel and a transmission member connecting the first of the two plates to this pinion and the second plate cooperates with the member transmission associated with the receiving pinion of the first half-shaft of the universal joint.
  • a gearbox is interposed between the crankset and the two chainrings, it includes a secondary shaft driven by the primary crankshaft, a ter shaft. tiary connected to the secondary shaft by a transmission member and a quaternary shaft supporting the two plates, driven by the tertiary shaft.
  • the receiving pinion of one of the wheels can be provided with a free wheel
  • a disengageable clutch can be interposed between the receiving pinion of the front wheel and said front gear and the different pinions can be combined so that the speed of rotation of the receiving gear of the rear wheel is very slightly greater than the speed of rotation of the receiving gear of the front wheel so that this front wheel is driven when the rear wheel slips.
  • the invention also relates to a bicycle fitted with the propulsion device defined above. According to a characteristic of this bicycle, all of the transmission members are arranged in a casing.
  • this casing replaces the frame and directly supports all the accessories, in particular the fork of the front wheel, the steering, the saddle, the rear wheel and the propulsion device.
  • FIG. 1 represents a side elevation view of a bicycle fitted with the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a front view with partial section of the bevel gear of the transmission towards the front wheel
  • FIG. 3 represents a detailed side elevation view of the bevel gear of the transmission to the front wheel
  • FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of the transmission to the front wheel along line 4-4 of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 represents a side elevation view with partial cutaway of a variant of a bicycle provided with the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 represents a view in median longitudinal section of the bevel gear of the transmission to the front wheel of the variant of FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 7 represents a view in transverse section through the axis C-C of rotation of the direction of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 represents a sectional view through a horizontal plane along the axis of rotation of the universal joint along line 8-8 of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 1 a side elevational view of the propulsion device of a bicycle, according to the invention.
  • This bicycle comprises motor means 10, actuated by the user driving the rear wheel 12.
  • the front wheel 14 is mounted on a steerable fork 16.
  • the propulsion device also comprises drive means 18 for rotating the front wheel.
  • the bicycle according to the invention comprises in a known manner a frame 20, a steering column 22 surmounted by a handlebar 24 comprising the various control means 26 for the transmission members, as well as a seat 28 adjustable in height.
  • the drive means 10 comprise a pedal unit 30 with at least one chainring 32, a set of receiving sprockets 34, a derailleur 36 making it possible to change the sprockets of the assembly 34 as well as a transmission member 38 connecting the chainring 32 to the pinion assembly 34.
  • the rear wheel 12 also comprises a driving pinion 40 which cooperates with the drive means 18 for rotating the front wheel.
  • These drive means 18 essentially comprise a universal joint 42 disposed below the steering column 22, a transmission member 44 connecting the driving pinion 40 secured to the rear wheel 12 and the universal joint 42, another transmission 46 being disposed between the universal joint 42 and a receiving pinion 48 secured to the front wheel 14
  • a chain tensioner 45 guides the chain 44 and compensates for the deflection by delaying the sloshing.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown in detail the universal joint 42.
  • the first half-shaft 50 of the universal joint 42 rotates in a bearing 52 supported by a bracket 54 secured to the frame 20 and more particularly to the column guide tube management 22.
  • a receiving pinion 58 which cooperates with the chain 44 and the driving pinion 40 integral with the rear wheel.
  • the universal joint 42 also includes a second half-shaft 60 which rotates in a bearing 62 secured to the front fork 16 by welds 64.
  • a driving pinion 66 is fixed to the second half-shaft 60 by means of a bolt 68, this pinion 66 cooperating with the transmission member 46 and with the receiving pinion 48 secured to the front wheel
  • the bearings 52 and 62 include in the embodiment shown needle bearings.
  • the bearing 62 in which the second half-shaft 60 rotates is extended by a casing 70 which protects the pinion 66.
  • the user drives the rear wheel by means of the pedal 30 which rotates the plate 32 which itself drives the transmission member 38 which cooperates with one of the pinions of the set of pinions 34 secured to the rear wheel chosen using the derailleur in a known manner.
  • the pinion 40 is driven nn rotation since it is integral with the rear wheel 12.
  • the transmission member 44 is then driven in the direction of the arrows which causes the rotation of the pinion 58 integral with the half-shaft 50 of the seal of gimbal 42.
  • the chain tensioner 45 makes it possible to compensate for the deflection of the chain and its various oscillations during the movement of the bicycle.
  • the half-shaft 50 rotates the second half-shaft 60 which itself rotates the pinion 66 which cooperates with the transmission member 46 to rotate the pinion 48 secured to the front wheel 14.
  • the different pinions are of such dimensions that the drive ratio is the same for the rear wheel as for the front wheel, so that the two wheels rotate strictly at the same speed.
  • the bicycle has two continuous drive wheels.
  • the freewheel is disposed in the hub of the rear wheel itself, it generally consists of a retractable pawl interposed between a first rotating part relative to the fixed shaft secured to the frame and a second part movable in rotation relative to the first.
  • Such a propulsion device is therefore intended to be installed from the outset during the manufacture of the bicycle but also on existing bicycles with a few simple modifications going at most until a change of the original fork for a new one. fully equipped fork.
  • the bicycle 110 of FIG. 5 comprises a frame 120 forming a casing 113 in which are arranged all the transmission members, in particular the drive means 110, the drive means of the rear wheel 112 and the drive means 118 of the front wheel. 114.
  • the bicycle also comprises a front fork 116 directing forming a casing 117 for the transmission means of the front wheel.
  • the frame 120 directly supports the handlebars 124, the control means 126 of the various transmission members and the saddle 128.
  • the motor means 110 comprise a crankset 130 with a set of pedals actuated by the user driving a primary shaft 133 cooperating with a secondary shaft 135 on which at least one pinion 137 is fixed.
  • a transmission member 139 connects this pinion 137 to another pinion 139 secured to a tertiary shaft 141.
  • This tertiary shaft cooperates directly with a quaternary shaft 143 on which are fixed two plates 132 and 140 respectively cooperating with the transmission members 138 which mesh with a receiving pinion 134 secured to the rear wheel and 144 which attacks a cardan joint 142.
  • L the set of four shafts and the corresponding pinions constitutes a gearbox 131.
  • the universal joint 142 as well as the steering column 122 are shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the universal joint 142 comprises two half-shafts 150 and 160 respectively rotating in the bearings 152 and 162 secured to the frame 120 and the fork 116.
  • the transmission member or chain 144 more particularly attacks a receiving pinion 158 whose axis of rotation passes through the central axis of direction C- C.
  • This pinion 158 is integral with the half-shaft 150.
  • the half-shaft 160 carries also a driving pinion 166 which attacks by the transmission member 146, the receiving pinion 148 secured to the front wheel.
  • this figure 7 we see the shape of the casing frame and the particular steering column of this alternative embodiment.
  • a rotational mounting comprising for each of the parts a stop 149 and 151 shaped according to the profile of the frame into which a bolt 153 is screwed and 155, the head of which bears on the inner ring of a ball bearing 157, 159 secured to the fork.
  • a washer 161, 163 is interposed between the inner ring of the bearing and the stop.
  • a housing 165 in which is mounted the handlebar rod 167 blocked by a corner 169.
  • the window 171 provided in the fork 116 and in the column 122 to allow the rotation of the fork around the steering axis can possibly be closed by a bellows 173.
  • the fork 116 is produced asymmetrically in a single arm to limit the weight and the number of parts. In fact, the fork has sufficient strength to take up all of the forces, given its section.
  • the materials used will more particularly be composites whose strength-to-weight ratio is well known.
  • the operation of the propulsion device 110 of the bicycle variant of FIGS. 5 to 8 is substantially the same as previously and it is for this reason that the identical parts or having the same function are referenced by the same number in front of which is placed a 1. As for the different pieces, they have odd references in the hundreds series.
  • the user exerts a motor torque on the pedals which causes the rotation of the primary shaft as well as those of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary shafts of the gearbox.
  • the transmission members 138 and 144 driven in turn, rotate the front and rear wheels.
  • An additional advantage of the variant is the increase in ground clearance by eliminating conventional platforms, an important advantage in particular for V.T.T.
  • the additional weight of the propulsion device with driving wheel it can be estimated at 500 to 800 g.
  • the transmission ratio As regards the drive of the front wheel only when the rear wheel slips, it is possible to vary the transmission ratio by removing a tooth on the rear transmission (40, 134) relative to the front transmission. In this case, the rear wheel turns slightly faster than the front wheel. Only the free wheel of the rear wheel engages, the free wheel before engaging only when the rear wheel slips.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Device for the propulsion of a bike with its front wheel mounted on a steering fork (16) fitted with propulsion means (10) operated by the user and driving the back wheel (12), characterized by having means (18) for driving the front wheel (14) in rotation which co-operate with the propulsion means (10). The invention describes a bike equipped with this propulsion device.

Description

Dispositif de propulsion pour bicyclette à deux roues motrices et bicyclette munie de ce dispositif. Propulsion device for a two-wheel drive bicycle and bicycle provided with this device.
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'entraînement en rotation de la roue avant d'une bicyclette dont la roue arriére est motrice. The present invention relates to a device for driving the front wheel in rotation of a bicycle, the rear wheel of which is driving.
Les bicyclettes de façon connue comprennent une roue arrière motrice et une roue avant directrice. L'utilisateur entraîne la roue arrière par l'intermédiaire de pédales disposées à l'extrémité de bras de manivelle solidaires d'un pédalier qui coopère avec une chaîne qui entraîne elle-même un pignon solidaire de la roue arrière. Le rapport du nombre de dents du plateau et du pignon détermine le coefficient de transmission. Bicycles in a known manner comprise a rear driving wheel and a front steering wheel. The user drives the rear wheel by means of pedals arranged at the end of the crank arms secured to a crankset which cooperates with a chain which itself drives a pinion secured to the rear wheel. The ratio of the number of teeth of the chainring and the pinion determines the transmission coefficient.
Compte tenu des besoins, les bicyclettes se répartissent en deux grandes catégories, les bicyclettes dites "de route" et les "bicyclettes tous terrains", plus particulièrement appelés V.T.T. (vélos tous terrains).  Given the needs, bicycles fall into two main categories, so-called "road" bicycles and "all-terrain bicycles", more particularly called mountain bikes.
De nombreuses sophistications ont amélioré les bicyclettes de chacune de ces catégories mais très ponctuellement. Ainsi les maillons de chaîne, les dents des pignons, notamment lorsque la bicyclette est munie de différents pignons avec changement de vitesse, ont été profilés, courbés pour améliorer le rendement, diminuer les pertes de temps lors des changements de vitesse et les frottements. De même les plateauκ ovales, les roulements à aiguilles, les roues lenticulaires, les guidons à géométrie particulière contribuent à un meilleur rendement. Many refinements improved the bicycles of each of these categories but very punctually. Thus the chain links, the teeth of the sprockets, in particular when the bicycle is provided with different sprockets with speed change, have been profiled, curved to improve the performance, reduce the loss of time during speed changes and friction. Likewise, the oval chainrings, the needle bearings, the lenticular wheels, the handlebars with special geometry contribute to better performance.
Quant aux matériaux constituant les différents accessoires et le cadre, toutes les solutions, combinaisons ont été ou sont actuellement essayées pour diminuer le poids dp la bicyclette. As for the materials constituting the various accessories and the frame, all the solutions, combinations have been or are currently being tried to reduce the weight of the bicycle.
Ces bityclettes présentent néanmoins un inconvénient important, le manque de motricité. Dans le cas des bicyclettes de route, cela est particulièrement sensible lorsque le revêtement routier est peu adhérent (pavés, eau, boue sur le bitume) ou dans le cas des montées lorsque l'utilisateur pédale en danseuse car le poids est transféré sur l'avant ce qui "allège" la roue arriére et provoque son patinage. Quant aux V.T.T., le manque de motricité est flagrant car les terrains sur lesquels ils sont utilisés, ont par définition une faible ad- hérence et des obstacles à franchir de toutes natures (pierres, boue, ruisseaux, feuilles). These bityclettes nevertheless have an important drawback, the lack of motor skills. In the in the case of road bicycles, this is particularly noticeable when the road surface is not very adherent (pavers, water, mud on the bitumen) or in the case of climbs when the user pedals in dancer because the weight is transferred to the front which "lightens" the rear wheel and causes it to slip. As for mountain bikes, the lack of traction is obvious because the terrain on which they are used has, by definition, poor grip and obstacles to cross of all kinds (stones, mud, streams, leaves).
Un autre inconvénient concerne le freinage. En effet, le freinage sur les deux roues est indépendant et tant la progressivité que la répartition du freinage est soumise à l'appréciation et à la dextérité de l'utilisateur. Another drawback concerns braking. In fact, the braking on the two wheels is independent and both the progressiveness and the distribution of the braking are subject to the appreciation and dexterity of the user.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif de propulsion qui pallie notamment le manque de motricité, qui permet une interdépendance du freinage des roues avant et arrière, qui peut être adapté sur les bicyclettes existantes moyennant de légères modifications, qui présente un poids supplémentaire compatible avec celui de la bicyclette, un prix de revient faible, une simplicité telle que la fiabilité soit au moins égale à celles des autres éléments et accessoires de la bicyclette. A cet effet, selon l'invention, le dispositif de propulsion d'une bicyclette munie de moyens moteurs actionnés par l'utilisateur, entraînant la roue arrière et dont la roue avant est montée sur une fourche se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'entraînement en rotation de la roue avant qui coopèrent avec les moyens moteurs. Selon une caractéristique particulière, les moyens d'entraînement comprennent un joint de cardan dont le premier demi-arbre est monté à rotation par rapport au cadre et dont le second demi-arbre est monté à rotation par rapport à la fourche. The object of the invention is to provide a propulsion device which in particular overcomes the lack of traction, which allows interdependence of the braking of the front and rear wheels, which can be adapted on existing bicycles with slight modifications, which has a weight additional compatible with that of the bicycle, a low cost price, a simplicity such that the reliability is at least equal to that of the other elements and accessories of the bicycle. To this end, according to the invention, the propulsion device of a bicycle provided with motor means actuated by the user, driving the rear wheel and the front wheel of which is mounted on a fork, is characterized in that it comprises means for driving the front wheel in rotation which cooperate with the driving means. According to a particular characteristic, the drive means comprise a universal joint whose first half-shaft is mounted for rotation relative to the frame and whose second half-shaft is mounted for rotation relative to the fork.
Dans le cas du joint de cardan, le premier demiarbre est muni à son extrémité d'un pignon récepteur et d'un organe de transmission qui coopère avec les moyens moteurs et le second demi-arbre est muni à son extrémité d'un pignon menant et d'un organe de transmission qui coopère avec un pignon récepteur solidaire de la roue avant de façon à entraîner cette roue avant en rotation.  In the case of the universal joint, the first half-shaft is provided at its end with a receiving pinion and a transmission member which cooperates with the drive means and the second half-shaft is provided at its end with a driving pinion and a transmission member which cooperates with a receiving pinion integral with the front wheel so as to drive this front wheel in rotation.
Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, les moyens moteurs comprennent un pédalier avec au moins un plateau, au moins un pignon disposé d'un côté de la roue arrière et solidaire de celle-ci et un organe de transmission reliant ce plateau et ce pignon et la roue arrière comporte également un pignon menant solidaire de la roue qui coopère avec l'organe de transmission associé au pignon récepteur du premier demi-arbre du joint de cardan. Selon une variante de l'invention, les moyens moteurs comprennent un pédalier avec au moins deux plateaux, un pignon solidaire de la roue arrière et un organe de transmission reliant le premier des deux plateaux à ce pignon et le second plateau coopère avec l'organe de transmission associé au pignon récepteur du premier demi-arbre du joint de cardan. According to a particular embodiment, the drive means comprise a bottom bracket with at least one chainring, at least one pinion arranged on one side of the rear wheel and integral with the latter and a transmission member connecting this chainring and this pinion and the rear wheel also comprises a pinion driving integral with the wheel which cooperates with the transmission member associated with the pinion receiving the first half-shaft of the universal joint. According to a variant of the invention, the drive means comprise a crankset with at least two plates, a pinion secured to the rear wheel and a transmission member connecting the first of the two plates to this pinion and the second plate cooperates with the member transmission associated with the receiving pinion of the first half-shaft of the universal joint.
Dans le cas de cette variante, une boîte de vitesse est interposée entre le pédalier et les deux plateaux, elle comprend un arbre secondaire entraîné par l'arbre primaire du pédalier, un arbre ter tiaire relié à l'arbre secondaire par un organe de transmission et un arbre quaternaire supportant les deux plateaux, entraîné par l'arbre tertiaire. In the case of this variant, a gearbox is interposed between the crankset and the two chainrings, it includes a secondary shaft driven by the primary crankshaft, a ter shaft. tiary connected to the secondary shaft by a transmission member and a quaternary shaft supporting the two plates, driven by the tertiary shaft.
Selon différentes variantes et modes de réalisation, le pignon récepteur de l'une des roues peut être muni d'une roue libre, un crabot débrayable peut être interposé entre le pignon récepteur de la roue avant et ladite rcue avant et les différents pignons peuvent être combinés de façon que la vitesse de rotation du pignon récepteur de la roue arrière soit très légèrement supérieure à la vitesse de rotation du pignon récepteur de la roue avant de façon que cette roue avant soit motrice lorsque la roue arrière patine. According to different variants and embodiments, the receiving pinion of one of the wheels can be provided with a free wheel, a disengageable clutch can be interposed between the receiving pinion of the front wheel and said front gear and the different pinions can be combined so that the speed of rotation of the receiving gear of the rear wheel is very slightly greater than the speed of rotation of the receiving gear of the front wheel so that this front wheel is driven when the rear wheel slips.
L'invention a également pour objet une bicyclette munie du dispositif de propulsion défini ci-dessus. Selon une caractéristique de cette bicyclette, l'ensemble des organes de transmission est disposé dans un carter. The invention also relates to a bicycle fitted with the propulsion device defined above. According to a characteristic of this bicycle, all of the transmission members are arranged in a casing.
Selon une autre caractéristique , ce carter rempl ace l e cadre et supporte directement tous les accessoires, notamment la fourche de la roue avant, la direction, la selle, la roue arrière et le dispositif de propulsion. According to another characteristic, this casing replaces the frame and directly supports all the accessories, in particular the fork of the front wheel, the steering, the saddle, the rear wheel and the propulsion device.
La présente invention est décrite ci-après selon un mode de réalisation particulier avec ses variantes, appliqué à une bicyclette tout terrain mais immédiatement transposable à une bicyclette de route. Cette description est faite en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels : The present invention is described below according to a particular embodiment with its variants, applied to an all-terrain bicycle but immediately transposable to a road bicycle. This description is made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- La figure 1 représente une vue en élévation latérale d'une bicyclette munie du dispositif selon l'invention, - la figure 2 représente une vue de face avec coupe partielle du renvoi d'angle de la transmission vers la roue avant, FIG. 1 represents a side elevation view of a bicycle fitted with the device according to the invention, FIG. 2 represents a front view with partial section of the bevel gear of the transmission towards the front wheel,
- la figure 3 représente une vue en élévation latérale détaillée du renvoi d'angle de la transmission vers la roue avant,  FIG. 3 represents a detailed side elevation view of the bevel gear of the transmission to the front wheel,
- la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe de la transmission vers la roue avant selon la ligne 4-4 de la figure 3,  FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of the transmission to the front wheel along line 4-4 of FIG. 3,
- la figure 5 représente une vue en élévation latérale avec arrachement partiel d'une variante de bicyclette munie du dispositif selon l'invention,FIG. 5 represents a side elevation view with partial cutaway of a variant of a bicycle provided with the device according to the invention,
- la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale médiane du renvoi d'angle de la transmission vers la roue avant de la variante de la figure 5,FIG. 6 represents a view in median longitudinal section of the bevel gear of the transmission to the front wheel of the variant of FIG. 5,
- la figure 7 représente une vue en coupe transversale par l'axe C-C de rotation de la direction de la figure 6, FIG. 7 represents a view in transverse section through the axis C-C of rotation of the direction of FIG. 6,
- la figure 8 représente une vue en coupe par un plan horizontal suivant l'axe de rotation du joint de cardan selon la ligne 8-8 de la figure 7.  FIG. 8 represents a sectional view through a horizontal plane along the axis of rotation of the universal joint along line 8-8 of FIG. 7.
Sur la figure 1 on a représenté une vue en élévation latérale du dispositif de propulsion d'une bicyclette, selon l'invention. Cette bicyclette comprend des moyens moteurs 10, actionnés par l'utilisateur entraînant la roue arrière 12. La roue avant 14 est montée sur une fourche 16 directrice. Le dispositif de propulsion comprend également des moyens d'entraînement 18 en rotation de la roue avant. In Figure 1 is shown a side elevational view of the propulsion device of a bicycle, according to the invention. This bicycle comprises motor means 10, actuated by the user driving the rear wheel 12. The front wheel 14 is mounted on a steerable fork 16. The propulsion device also comprises drive means 18 for rotating the front wheel.
La bicyclette selon l'invention comporte de façon connue un cadre 20, une colonne de direction 22 surmontée d'un guidon 24 comportant les différents moyens de commande 26 des organes de transmission, ainsi qu'une selle 28 réglable en hauteur. The bicycle according to the invention comprises in a known manner a frame 20, a steering column 22 surmounted by a handlebar 24 comprising the various control means 26 for the transmission members, as well as a seat 28 adjustable in height.
Les moyens moteurs 10 comprennent un pédalier 30 avec au moins un plateau 32, un ensemble de pignons récepteurs 34, un dérailleur 36 permettant d'effectuer les changements de pignons de l'ensemble 34 ainsi qu'un organe de transmission 38 reliant le plateau 32 à l'ensemble de pignons 34. The drive means 10 comprise a pedal unit 30 with at least one chainring 32, a set of receiving sprockets 34, a derailleur 36 making it possible to change the sprockets of the assembly 34 as well as a transmission member 38 connecting the chainring 32 to the pinion assembly 34.
La roue arriére 12 comprend également un pignon menant 40 qui coopère avec les moyens d'entraînement 18 en rotation de la roue avant. Ces moyens d'entraînement 18 comprennent essentiellement un joint de cardan 42 disposé en dessous de la colonne de direction 22, un organe de transmission 44 reliant le pignon menant 40 solidaire de la roue arrière 12 et le joint de cardan 42, un autre organe de transmission 46 étant disposé entre le joint de cardan 42 et un pignon récepteur 48 solidaire de la roue avant 14 Un tendeur de chaîne 45 guide la chaîne 44 et compense la flèche en temporisant les ballottements. The rear wheel 12 also comprises a driving pinion 40 which cooperates with the drive means 18 for rotating the front wheel. These drive means 18 essentially comprise a universal joint 42 disposed below the steering column 22, a transmission member 44 connecting the driving pinion 40 secured to the rear wheel 12 and the universal joint 42, another transmission 46 being disposed between the universal joint 42 and a receiving pinion 48 secured to the front wheel 14 A chain tensioner 45 guides the chain 44 and compensates for the deflection by delaying the sloshing.
Sur la figure 2 on a représenté en détail le joint de cardan 42. Le premier demi-arbre 50 du joint de cardan 42 tourne dans un palier 52 supporté par une potence 54 solidaire du cadre 20 et plus particulièrement du tube de guidage de la colonne de direction 22.  In Figure 2 there is shown in detail the universal joint 42. The first half-shaft 50 of the universal joint 42 rotates in a bearing 52 supported by a bracket 54 secured to the frame 20 and more particularly to the column guide tube management 22.
A l'extrémité du demi-arbre 50 est fixé par l'intermédiaire d'un boulon 56 un pignon récepteur 58 qui coopère avec la chaîne 44 et le pignon menant 40 solidaire de la roue arrière.  At the end of the half-shaft 50 is fixed by means of a bolt 56 a receiving pinion 58 which cooperates with the chain 44 and the driving pinion 40 integral with the rear wheel.
Le joint de cardan 42 comprend également un second demi-arbre 60 qui tourne dans un palier 62 solidarisé à la fourche avant 16 par des soudures 64. Un pignon menant 66 est fixé au second demi-arbre 60 par l'intermédiaire d'un boulon 68, ce pignon 66 coopérant avec l'organe de transmission 46 et avec le pignon récepteur 48 solidaire de la roue avant Les paliers 52 et 62 comprennent dans le mode de réalisation représenté des roulements à aiguilles. Le palier 62 dans lequel tourne le second demiarbre 60 se prolonge par un carter 70 qui protège le pignon 66. The universal joint 42 also includes a second half-shaft 60 which rotates in a bearing 62 secured to the front fork 16 by welds 64. A driving pinion 66 is fixed to the second half-shaft 60 by means of a bolt 68, this pinion 66 cooperating with the transmission member 46 and with the receiving pinion 48 secured to the front wheel The bearings 52 and 62 include in the embodiment shown needle bearings. The bearing 62 in which the second half-shaft 60 rotates is extended by a casing 70 which protects the pinion 66.
Sur la figure 3 on a représenté en détail la potence 54 qui est fixée sur la colonne de direction 22 mais également sur la barre inclinée 23 qui de façon connue assure la rigidité du cadre. Les autres éléments identiques à ceux des figures 1 et 2 portent les mêmes références . In Figure 3 there is shown in detail the bracket 54 which is fixed on the steering column 22 but also on the inclined bar 23 which in known manner ensures the rigidity of the frame. The other elements identical to those of FIGS. 1 and 2 have the same references.
Sur l a f igure 4 on a représenté en détail une coupe par un plan horizontal suivant la ligne 4-4 de la figure 3. Cette vue permet de déduire la forme du boîtier 70 et de confirmer la position centrale du joint de cardan centré au droit de l'axe de la colonne de direction.  On laf igure 4 there is shown in detail a section through a horizontal plane along line 4-4 of Figure 3. This view allows to deduce the shape of the housing 70 and confirm the central position of the universal joint centered at the right of the axis of the steering column.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de propulsion selon l'invention est maintenant décrit.  The operation of the propulsion device according to the invention is now described.
L'utilisateur entraîne la roue arrière par l'intermédiaire du pédalier 30 qui met en rotation le plateau 32 qui lui-même entraîne l'organe de transmission 38 qui coopère avec l'un des pignons de l'ensemble 34 de pignons solidaire de la roue arrière choisi grâce au dérailleur de façon connue. Simultanément, le pignon 40 est entraîné nn rotation puisqu'il est solidaire de la roue arr ière 12. L'organe de transmission 44 est alors entraîné dans le sens des flèches ce qui provoque la rotation du pignon 58 solidaire du demi-arbre 50 du joint de cardan 42. Le tendeur de chaîne 45 permet de compenser la flèche de la chaîne et ses différentes oscillations lors du déplacement de la bicyclette. Le demi-arbre 50 entraîne en rotation le second demi-arbre 60 qui lui-même met en rotation le pignon 66 qui coopère avec l'organe de transmission 46 pour mettre en rotation le pignon 48 solidaire de la roue avant 14. The user drives the rear wheel by means of the pedal 30 which rotates the plate 32 which itself drives the transmission member 38 which cooperates with one of the pinions of the set of pinions 34 secured to the rear wheel chosen using the derailleur in a known manner. Simultaneously, the pinion 40 is driven nn rotation since it is integral with the rear wheel 12. The transmission member 44 is then driven in the direction of the arrows which causes the rotation of the pinion 58 integral with the half-shaft 50 of the seal of gimbal 42. The chain tensioner 45 makes it possible to compensate for the deflection of the chain and its various oscillations during the movement of the bicycle. The half-shaft 50 rotates the second half-shaft 60 which itself rotates the pinion 66 which cooperates with the transmission member 46 to rotate the pinion 48 secured to the front wheel 14.
Ainsi la rotation de la roue arrière 12 provoque la rotation de la roue avant 14. Thus the rotation of the rear wheel 12 causes the rotation of the front wheel 14.
Les différents pignons sont de dimensions telles que le rapport d'entraînement est le même pour la roue arrière que pour la roue avant, si bien que les deux roues tournent strictement à la même vitesse. Dans ce cas, la bicyclette est à deux roues motrices en continu.  The different pinions are of such dimensions that the drive ratio is the same for the rear wheel as for the front wheel, so that the two wheels rotate strictly at the same speed. In this case, the bicycle has two continuous drive wheels.
On connaît par ailleurs les systèmes de roue libre qui sont généralement montés sur la roue arrière et qui évitent à l'utilisateur de pédaler et lui permettent de profiter de l'inertie accumulée en laissant la roue arrière 12 tourner librement sans pédaler. La roue libre est disposée dans le moyeu même de la roue arrière , elle est constituée généralement d'un cliquet escamotable interposée entre une première partie tournante par rapport à l'arbre fixe solidaire du cadre et une seconde partie mobile en rotation par rapport à la première.  We also know the freewheel systems which are generally mounted on the rear wheel and which avoid the user pedaling and allow him to take advantage of the accumulated inertia by letting the rear wheel 12 turn freely without pedaling. The freewheel is disposed in the hub of the rear wheel itself, it generally consists of a retractable pawl interposed between a first rotating part relative to the fixed shaft secured to the frame and a second part movable in rotation relative to the first.
Selon une variante de l'invention, il est donc possible de monter une roue libre également sur la roue avant 14, de façon que les organes de transmission 44 et 46 ne soient pas entraînés lorsque la bicyclette avance et que l'utilisateur a cessé de pédaler. Pour obtenir ce résultat, il est également nécessaire de fixer le pignon menant 40 de la roue arrière et le pignon récepteur 48 de la roue avant sur la partie de la roue libre correspondante. According to a variant of the invention, it is therefore possible to mount a free wheel also on the front wheel 14, so that the transmission members 44 and 46 are not driven when the bicycle advances and the user has stopped pedal. To obtain this result, it is also necessary to fix the pinion driving 40 of the wheel. rear and the receiving gear 48 of the front wheel on the corresponding freewheel part.
Selon une autre variante, il est également possible de prévoir une transmission qui confère à la roue avant une vitesse inférieure à celle de la roue arrière . Dans ce cas, compte tenu des roues libres seule la roue arrière est motrice, la roue libre de la roue avant n'engageant que lorsque la roue arrière motrice patine. According to another variant, it is also possible to provide a transmission which gives the front wheel a speed lower than that of the rear wheel. In this case, taking into account the free wheels only the rear wheel is driving, the free wheel of the front wheel engaging only when the rear driving wheel slips.
Un tel dispositif de propulsion est donc prévu pour être installé dès l'origine lors de la fabrication de la bicyclette mais également sur les bicyclettes existantes moyennant quelques modifications simples allant tout au plus jusqu'à un changement de la fourche d'origine pour une nouvelle fourche toute équipée. Such a propulsion device is therefore intended to be installed from the outset during the manufacture of the bicycle but also on existing bicycles with a few simple modifications going at most until a change of the original fork for a new one. fully equipped fork.
Une variante du dispositif de propulsion selon l'invention est décrite ci-après en regard des figures 5 à 8.  A variant of the propulsion device according to the invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.
La bicyclette 110 de la figure 5 comprend un cadre 120 formant carter 113 dans lequel sont disposés tous les organes de transmission notamment les moyens moteurs 110, les moyens d'entraînement de la roue arrière 112 et les moyens d'entraînement 118 de la roue avant 114. The bicycle 110 of FIG. 5 comprises a frame 120 forming a casing 113 in which are arranged all the transmission members, in particular the drive means 110, the drive means of the rear wheel 112 and the drive means 118 of the front wheel. 114.
La bicyclette comprend également une fourche avant 116 directrice formant carter 117 pour les moyens de transmission de la roue avant.  The bicycle also comprises a front fork 116 directing forming a casing 117 for the transmission means of the front wheel.
Le cadre 120 supporte directement le guidon 124, les moyens de commande 126 des différents organes de transmission et la selle 128. The frame 120 directly supports the handlebars 124, the control means 126 of the various transmission members and the saddle 128.
Les moyens moteurs 110 comprennent un pédalier 130 avec un jeu de pédales actionnées par l'utilisateur entraînant un arbre primaire 133 coopérant avec un arbre secondaire 135 sur lequel est fixé au moins un pignon 137. Un organe de transmission 139 relie ce pignon 137 à un autre pignon 139 solidaire d'un arbre tertiaire 141. The motor means 110 comprise a crankset 130 with a set of pedals actuated by the user driving a primary shaft 133 cooperating with a secondary shaft 135 on which at least one pinion 137 is fixed. A transmission member 139 connects this pinion 137 to another pinion 139 secured to a tertiary shaft 141.
Cet arbre tertiaire coopère directement avec un arbre quaternaire 143 sur lequel sont fixés deux plateaux 132 et 140 coopérant respectivement avec les organes de transmission 138 qui engrènent avec un pignon récepteur 134 solidaire de la roue arrière et 144 qui attaque un joint de cardan 142. L'ensemble des quatre arbres et des pignons correspondants constitue une boîte de vitesses 131. Le joint de cardan 142 ainsi que la colonne de direction 122 sont représentés en détail sur les figures 6 et 7. This tertiary shaft cooperates directly with a quaternary shaft 143 on which are fixed two plates 132 and 140 respectively cooperating with the transmission members 138 which mesh with a receiving pinion 134 secured to the rear wheel and 144 which attacks a cardan joint 142. L the set of four shafts and the corresponding pinions constitutes a gearbox 131. The universal joint 142 as well as the steering column 122 are shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 7.
Le joint de cardan 142 comprend deux demi-arbres 150 et 160 tournant respectivement dans les paliers 152 et 162 solidaires du cadre 120 et de la foutche 116.  The universal joint 142 comprises two half-shafts 150 and 160 respectively rotating in the bearings 152 and 162 secured to the frame 120 and the fork 116.
L'organe de transmission ou chaîne 144 attaque plus particulièrement un pignon récepteur 158 dont l'axe de rotation passe par l'axe central de direction C- C. Ce pignon 158 est solidaire du demi-arbre 150. Le demi-arbre 160 porte également un pignon menant 166 qui attaque par l'organe de transmission 146, le pignon récepteur 148 solidaire de la roue avant. Sur cette figure 7 on voit la forme du cadre formant carter et la colonne de direction particulière de cette variante de réalisation. The transmission member or chain 144 more particularly attacks a receiving pinion 158 whose axis of rotation passes through the central axis of direction C- C. This pinion 158 is integral with the half-shaft 150. The half-shaft 160 carries also a driving pinion 166 which attacks by the transmission member 146, the receiving pinion 148 secured to the front wheel. In this figure 7 we see the shape of the casing frame and the particular steering column of this alternative embodiment.
En partie supérieure 145 et inférieure 147 de l'extrémité du cadre, il est prévu un montage à rotation comprenant pour chacune des parties une butée 149 et 151 conformée suivant le profil du cadre dans laquelle vient se visser un boulon 153 et 155 dont la tête porte sur la bague intérieure d'un roulement à billes 157, 159 solidaire de la fourche. In the upper part 145 and lower 147 of the end of the frame, there is provided a rotational mounting comprising for each of the parts a stop 149 and 151 shaped according to the profile of the frame into which a bolt 153 is screwed and 155, the head of which bears on the inner ring of a ball bearing 157, 159 secured to the fork.
Une rondelle 161, 163 est interposée entre la bague intérieure du roulement et la butée.  A washer 161, 163 is interposed between the inner ring of the bearing and the stop.
En partie supérieure de la colonne de direction, il est prévu de façon connue un logement 165 dans lequel est montée la tige de guidon 167 bloquée par un coin 169.  In the upper part of the steering column, there is provided in a known manner a housing 165 in which is mounted the handlebar rod 167 blocked by a corner 169.
Sur la figure 6, les éléments identiques portent des références identiques. La fenêtre 171 prévue dans la fourche 116 et dans la colonne 122 pour permettre la rotation de la fourche autour de l'axe de direction peut être obturée éventuellement par un soufflet 173. In FIG. 6, the identical elements bear identical references. The window 171 provided in the fork 116 and in the column 122 to allow the rotation of the fork around the steering axis can possibly be closed by a bellows 173.
La fourche 116 est réalisée de façon asymétrique monobras pour limiter le poids et le nombre de pièces. En effet, la fourche a une résistance suffisante pour reprendre la totalité des efforts compte tenu de sa section.  The fork 116 is produced asymmetrically in a single arm to limit the weight and the number of parts. In fact, the fork has sufficient strength to take up all of the forces, given its section.
Les matériaux utilisés seront plus particulièrement des composites dont le rapport résistance-poids est bien connu. De plus, il est possible de prévoir des renforts en certains points dont la résistance ou la rigidité doivent être augmentées ; c'est le cas notamment pour les supports des roulements à billes de la colonne de direction, des paliers de pignons et du joint de cardan ainsi que pour les axes de roue ou l'arbre du pédalier et ceux de la boîte de vitesses.  The materials used will more particularly be composites whose strength-to-weight ratio is well known. In addition, it is possible to provide reinforcements at certain points whose resistance or rigidity must be increased; this is the case in particular for the ball bearing supports of the steering column, pinion bearings and universal joint as well as for the wheel axles or the crankshaft and those of the gearbox.
En ce qui concerne la boîte de vitesses, dont les moyens de commande ne sont pas représentés car ils sont connus en eux-mêmes, celle-ci peut être complétée par des pignons juxtaposés les uns aux autres et crabotables sur les arbres secondaires et tertiaires de façon à faire varier les rapports de façon analogue à celle d'une boîte de vitesses de motocyclette. Dans ce cas, les inconvénients du dérailleur et de la chaîne qui travaille de biais lors des changements de pignons sont supprimés. Quant aux différents organes de transmission, ce sont des chaînes à maillons connues dans le domaine du cyclisme mais elles peuvent être remplacées par des courroies crantées auquel cas des poulies remplacent les pignons. Un tel changement est à la portée de l'homme de l'art. With regard to the gearbox, the control means of which are not shown since they are known in themselves, this can be supplemented by pinions juxtaposed with each other. others and interchangeable on secondary and tertiary shafts so as to vary the ratios in a manner analogous to that of a motorcycle gearbox. In this case, the drawbacks of the derailleur and of the chain working at an angle when the sprockets are changed are eliminated. As for the various transmission members, these are chain links known in the field of cycling but they can be replaced by toothed belts in which case pulleys replace the sprockets. Such a change is within the reach of ordinary skill in the art.
Dans la variante représentée aux figures 5 à 8, il est possible de prévoir une lubrification par barbotage dans l'huile. Il suffit en effet d'une très faible quantité d'huile et comme le cadrecarter est hermétique, il n'y a pas de pollution de cette huile. Cet avantage n'est pas négligeable quand on sait que les pertes sur les parties tournantes, paliers, arbres sont de l'ordre de 30 % sur une bicyclette.  In the variant shown in Figures 5 to 8, it is possible to provide lubrication by bubbling in the oil. A very small amount of oil is enough and since the cadrecarter is airtight, there is no pollution of this oil. This advantage is not negligible when we know that the losses on the rotating parts, bearings, shafts are around 30% on a bicycle.
Il est nécessaire de prévoir des trappes d'accès aux différentes parties du cadre-carter. Ces trappes ne sont pas représentées pour la clarté du dessin et parce qu'elles sont à la portée de l'homme de l'art.  It is necessary to provide access hatches to the different parts of the casing frame. These hatches are not shown for the clarity of the drawing and because they are within the reach of ordinary skill in the art.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de propulsion 110 de la variante de bicyclette des figures 5 à 8 est sensiblement le même que précédemment et c'est pour cette raison que les pièces identiques ou ayant la même fonction sont référencées par le même numéro devant lequel est placé un 1. Quant aux pièces différentes, elles portent des références impaires dans la série des centaines. L'utilisateur exerce un couple moteur sur les pédales ce qui provoque la rotation de l'arbre primaire ainsi que ceux des arbres secondaire, tertiaire et quaternaire de la boîte de vitesse. Les organes de transmission 138 et 144, entraînés à leur tour, mettent en rotation les roues avant et arrière. The operation of the propulsion device 110 of the bicycle variant of FIGS. 5 to 8 is substantially the same as previously and it is for this reason that the identical parts or having the same function are referenced by the same number in front of which is placed a 1. As for the different pieces, they have odd references in the hundreds series. The user exerts a motor torque on the pedals which causes the rotation of the primary shaft as well as those of the secondary, tertiary and quaternary shafts of the gearbox. The transmission members 138 and 144, driven in turn, rotate the front and rear wheels.
Comme pour le mode préféré de réalisation, il est possible dans le cas de cette variante de rendre les deux roues motrices simultanément, la roue avant étant motrice uniquement quand la roue arrière patine, par interposition de roues libres et de crabots.  As for the preferred embodiment, it is possible in the case of this variant to make the two driving wheels simultaneously, the front wheel being driving only when the rear wheel skates, by interposition of free wheels and dog clutch.
Lorsque les deux roues sont motrices simultanément, le freinage est simultané et il y a interaction entre roue avant et arrière . When the two wheels are driving simultaneously, braking is simultaneous and there is interaction between the front and rear wheels.
Il est également possible de disposer un embrayage centrifuge à masselottes bien connu dans le domaine des cyclomoteurs pour l'entraînement de la roue avant.  It is also possible to have a centrifugal clutch with counterweights well known in the field of mopeds for driving the front wheel.
Un avantage supplémentaire de la variante est l'augmentation de la garde au sol par suppression des plateaux classiques, avantage important notamment pour les V.T.T.  An additional advantage of the variant is the increase in ground clearance by eliminating conventional platforms, an important advantage in particular for V.T.T.
Des essais pratiques ont montré l'augmentation de la maniabilité et le gain de motricité, plus particulièrement en terrain glissant en montée lorsque le poids de l'utilisateur est déporté sur l'avant. Quant au poids supplémentaire du dispositif de propulsion avec roue avant motrice, il peut être estimé à 500 à 800 g. Practical tests have shown increased maneuverability and improved traction, especially on slippery terrain when climbing when the weight of the user is shifted to the front. As for the additional weight of the propulsion device with driving wheel, it can be estimated at 500 to 800 g.
Dans le cas de la variante, il est intégré à la bicyctette et compte tenu de l'utilisation de matériaux composites et des gains de poids nota¬ ment en recourant aux matières . plastiques pour les pièces d'entraînement, on considère qu'il n'y a aucun supplément de poids. In the case of the variant, it is integrated into the bicycle and taking into account the use of composite materials and the weight savings nota¬ using materials. plastics for drive parts, it is considered that there is no additional weight.
De plus, compte tenu du fait que les transmissions et paliers peuvent être lubrifiés et que les efforts sur les organes de transmission, chaîne ou courroies, sont exercés parfaitement dans l'axe, le rendement global en est augmente.  In addition, given the fact that the transmissions and bearings can be lubricated and that the forces on the transmission members, chain or belts, are exerted perfectly in the axis, the overall efficiency is increased.
En ce qui concerne l'entraînement de la roue avant uniquement lorsque la roue arrière patine, il est possible de faire varier le rapport de transmission par suppression d'une dent sur la transmission arrière (40, 134) par rapport à la transmission avant. Dans ce cas, la roue arrière tourne légèrement plus vite que la roue avant. Seule la roue libre de la roue arrière enclenche, la roue libre avant n'enclenchant que lorsque la roue arrière patine. As regards the drive of the front wheel only when the rear wheel slips, it is possible to vary the transmission ratio by removing a tooth on the rear transmission (40, 134) relative to the front transmission. In this case, the rear wheel turns slightly faster than the front wheel. Only the free wheel of the rear wheel engages, the free wheel before engaging only when the rear wheel slips.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de propulsion d'une bicyclette, dont la roue avant est montée sur une fourche (16, 116) directrice munie de moyens moteurs (10, 110), actionnés par l'utilisateur, et entraînant la roue arrière (12, 112) caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'entraînement (18, 116; en rotation de la roue avant (14, 114) qui coopèrent avec les moyens moteurs. 1. Propulsion device for a bicycle, the front wheel of which is mounted on a steering fork (16, 116) provided with motor means (10, 110), actuated by the user, and driving the rear wheel (12, 112 ) characterized in that it comprises drive means (18, 116; in rotation of the front wheel (14, 114) which cooperate with the motor means.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'entraînement (18, 118) comprennent un joint de cardan (42, 142) dont le premier demi-arbre (50, 150) est monté à rotation par rapport au cadre (20, 120), et dont le second demi-arbre (60, 160) est monté à rotation par rapport à la fourche (16, 116). 2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the drive means (18, 118) comprise a universal joint (42, 142) whose first half-shaft (50, 150) is mounted to rotate relative to the frame (20, 120), and whose second half-shaft (60, 160) is mounted to rotate relative to the fork (16, 116).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le premier demi-arbre (50, 150) est muni à son extrémité d'un pignon récepteur (58, 158) et d'un organe de transmission (44, 144) qui coopère avec les moyens moteurs (10, 110) et en ce que le second demi-arbre (60, 160) est muni à son extrémité d'un pignon menant (66, 166) et d'un organe de transmission (46, 146) qui coopère avec un pignon récepteur (48, 148) solidaire de la roue avant (14, 114) de façon à entraîner cette roue avant en rotation. 3. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the first half-shaft (50, 150) is provided at its end with a receiving pinion (58, 158) and a transmission member (44, 144) which cooperates with the motor means (10, 110) and in that the second half-shaft (60, 160) is provided at its end with a driving pinion (66, 166) and a transmission member (46, 146) which cooperates with a receiver pinion (48, 148) secured to the front wheel (14, 114) so as to drive this front wheel in rotation.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les moyens moteurs (10) comprennent un pédalier (30) avec au moins un plateau (32), au moins un pignon (34) disposé d'un côté de la roue arrière (12) et solidaire de celle- ci, un organe de transmission (38) reliant ce plateau et ce pignon et en ce que la roue arrière (12) comprend également un pignon menant (40) solidaire de cette roue qui coopère avec l'organe de transmission (44) associé au pignon récepteur (58) du premier demi-arbre (50) du joint de cardan (42). 4. Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the motor means (10) comprise a crankset (30) with at least one plate (32), at least one pinion (34) arranged on one side of the rear wheel (12). ) and integral with it, a transmission member (38) connecting this plate and this pinion and in that the rear wheel (12) also comprises a driving pinion (40) integral with this wheel which cooperates with the transmission member (44) associated with the receiver pinion (58) of the first half-shaft (50) of the universal joint (42).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les moyens moteurs (110) comprennent un pédalier (130) avec au moins deux plateaux (132), un pignon solidaire (132) de la roue arrière (112) et un organe de transmission (138) reliant le premier des deux plateaux à ce pignon et en ce que le second plateau (132) coopère avec l'organe de transmission (144) associé au pignon récepteur (158) du premier demi-arbre du joint de cardan. 5. Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the motor means (110) comprise a crankset (130) with at least two plates (132), a pinion secured (132) to the rear wheel (112) and a transmission member (138) connecting the first of the two plates to this pinion and in that the second plate (132) cooperates with the transmission member (144) associated with the receiver pinion (158) of the first half-shaft of the universal joint.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une boîte de vitesses (131) est interposée entre le pédalier et les deux plateaux. 6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gearbox (131) is interposed between the crankset and the two chainrings.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6 caractérisé en ce que la boîte de vitesses comprend un arbre secondaire (135) entraîné par l'arbre primaire du pédalier, un arbre tertiaire (141) relié à l'arbre secondaire par un organe de transmission (139) et un arbre quaternaire (143), sup- portant les deux plateaux (132), entraîné par l'arbre tertiaire. 7. Device according to claim 6 characterized in that the gearbox comprises a secondary shaft (135) driven by the primary shaft of the crankset, a tertiary shaft (141) connected to the secondary shaft by a transmission member (139 ) and a quaternary shaft (143), supporting the two plates (132), driven by the tertiary shaft.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que les arbres secondaire (135) et tertiaire (141) comprennent plusieurs pignons de façon à faire varier le rapport de transmission. 8. Device according to claim 7 characterized in that the secondary (135) and tertiary (141) shafts comprise several pinions so as to vary the transmission ratio.
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pignon récepteur (34, 134, 47, 148) de l'une des roues au moins est muni d'une roue libre. 9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving pinion (34, 134, 47, 148) of at least one of the wheels is provided with a free wheel.
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce que les différents pignons sont dans un rapport tel que la vitesse de rotation du pignon récepteur (40, 134) de la roue arrière est très légèrement supérieure à celle du pignon récepteur (148, 166) de la roue avant de façon que cette roue avant soit motrice lorsque la roue arrière patine. 10. Device according to claim 9 characterized in that the different pinions are in a ratio such that the rotation speed of the receiver pinion (40, 134) of the rear wheel is very slightly greater than that of the receiver pinion (148, 166) of the front wheel so that this front wheel is driven when the rear wheel slips.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 a 8 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un crabot débrayable interposé entre le pignon récepteur de la roue avant et ladite roue avant. 11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that it comprises a disengageable clutch interposed between the receiving pinion of the front wheel and said front wheel.
12. Bicyclette munie du dispositif de propulsion selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12. Bicycle equipped with the propulsion device according to any one of claims 1 to
11. 11.
13. Bicyclette selon la revendication 12 caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble des organes de transmission est disposé dans un carter (117). 13. Bicycle according to claim 12 characterized in that all of the transmission members are arranged in a casing (117).
14. Bicyclette selon la revendication 13 caractérisée en ce que le carter (117) assure la fonction de cadre et supporte directement tous les accessoires, notamment la fourche (116) de la roue avant, la direction (122), la selle (128), la roue arrière (112) et le dispositif de propulsion (110). 14. Bicycle according to claim 13 characterized in that the casing (117) performs the function of frame and directly supports all the accessories, in particular the fork (116) of the front wheel, the steering (122), the saddle (128) , the rear wheel (112) and the propulsion device (110).
PCT/FR1991/000075 1990-02-15 1991-02-04 Device for the propulsion of a two-wheel drive bike and bike so equipped WO1991012167A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9001840A FR2658152A1 (en) 1990-02-15 1990-02-15 PROPULSION DEVICE FOR TWO - DRIVE BICYCLE AND BICYCLE PROVIDED WITH THIS DEVICE.
FR90/01840 1990-02-15

Publications (1)

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WO1991012167A1 true WO1991012167A1 (en) 1991-08-22

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CN (1) CN1054942A (en)
AU (1) AU7239891A (en)
FR (1) FR2658152A1 (en)
PT (1) PT96761A (en)
WO (1) WO1991012167A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992015478A1 (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-09-17 Chartrand Francois Two-wheel drive cycle
WO1993011991A1 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-06-24 Umberto Gasparotto Vehicle with front-wheel drive
WO1994007738A1 (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-04-14 Turner Drive Systems Inc. Bicycle with selectably engageable single or dual wheel drive mechanism
WO1994015827A1 (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-07-21 Egon Nehrke Two or three-wheeled vehicle
WO1995027649A1 (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-19 Rudolf Schwarzenbacher Bicycle having drive arrangements connecting the rear wheel to the front wheel
WO2002064418A2 (en) * 2001-02-15 2002-08-22 Joe Tompsett Two-wheel-drive bicycle
WO2006106592A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-10-12 Tokyo University Of Science Rotation transmission device and vehicle using the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1056811C (en) * 1995-07-24 2000-09-27 张志立 Front-wheel driver for motorcycle
KR100611659B1 (en) 2004-07-07 2006-08-10 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Thin Film Transitor and Method of fabricating thereof

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045772A (en) * 1959-02-17 1962-07-24 Theodore R Nicolai Drive for motor bikes
GB1450682A (en) * 1972-12-14 1976-09-22 Shaw C E Cycles
FR2523065A1 (en) * 1982-03-08 1983-09-16 Perez Gilbert Front wheel drive for two wheeled vehicle - has central engine and uses alternative types of transmission to wheel
WO1988009739A1 (en) * 1987-06-04 1988-12-15 Christopher David George Watts Motorcycle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045772A (en) * 1959-02-17 1962-07-24 Theodore R Nicolai Drive for motor bikes
GB1450682A (en) * 1972-12-14 1976-09-22 Shaw C E Cycles
FR2523065A1 (en) * 1982-03-08 1983-09-16 Perez Gilbert Front wheel drive for two wheeled vehicle - has central engine and uses alternative types of transmission to wheel
WO1988009739A1 (en) * 1987-06-04 1988-12-15 Christopher David George Watts Motorcycle

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992015478A1 (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-09-17 Chartrand Francois Two-wheel drive cycle
WO1993011991A1 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-06-24 Umberto Gasparotto Vehicle with front-wheel drive
WO1994007738A1 (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-04-14 Turner Drive Systems Inc. Bicycle with selectably engageable single or dual wheel drive mechanism
US5332244A (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-07-26 Turner Drive Systems, Inc. Bicycle with selectably engageable single or dual wheel drive
WO1994015827A1 (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-07-21 Egon Nehrke Two or three-wheeled vehicle
DE4301890A1 (en) * 1993-01-14 1994-07-21 Egon Nehrke wheel
WO1995027649A1 (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-19 Rudolf Schwarzenbacher Bicycle having drive arrangements connecting the rear wheel to the front wheel
WO2002064418A2 (en) * 2001-02-15 2002-08-22 Joe Tompsett Two-wheel-drive bicycle
US6446985B1 (en) * 2001-02-15 2002-09-10 Joe Tompsett Two-wheel-drive bicycle
WO2002064418A3 (en) * 2001-02-15 2003-04-03 Joe Tompsett Two-wheel-drive bicycle
WO2006106592A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-10-12 Tokyo University Of Science Rotation transmission device and vehicle using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT96761A (en) 1992-11-30
CN1054942A (en) 1991-10-02
FR2658152A1 (en) 1991-08-16
AU7239891A (en) 1991-09-03

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