WO1991010701A1 - Matiere polymere electroconductrice et ignifuge - Google Patents

Matiere polymere electroconductrice et ignifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991010701A1
WO1991010701A1 PCT/GB1991/000028 GB9100028W WO9110701A1 WO 1991010701 A1 WO1991010701 A1 WO 1991010701A1 GB 9100028 W GB9100028 W GB 9100028W WO 9110701 A1 WO9110701 A1 WO 9110701A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flame retardant
electrically conductive
plastics material
moulding
plastics
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/000028
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald Ian Kliene
Original Assignee
Rotec Chemicals Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rotec Chemicals Limited filed Critical Rotec Chemicals Limited
Publication of WO1991010701A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991010701A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrically conductive, flame retardant polymeric material, especially polyethylene, and to a method for its manufacture.
  • Polyethylenes are good electrical insulators but because they harbour high electro-static charges, they can be responsible for causing sparks, and in some applications this can be a major problem or can rule out their use altogether.
  • a further difficulty is that the paraffinic nature of polyethylenes allows them to burn easily once their ignition temperature has been reached. Melted ignited polyethylenes can carry the flame and increase the spread of the fire.
  • particulate electrically conductive fillers such as carbon black have been used in concentrations in a range of from 10 to 40% by weight, depending upon the degree of electrical conductivity required.
  • both the flame retardant and anti-static additives can be added to polyethylene in a melt compounding process, the additives are not mutually compatible, the flame retardant additives tending to interfere with the action of the conductive fillers. Besides, the high levels of addition of these supplementary materials has a serious adverse effect on the physical mechanical properties of the plastics materials.
  • the flame retardant additives When the additives are incorporated by a fabrication step which involves high pressure or high shear stresses, such as occurs in extrusion or injection moulding techniques, the flame retardant additives have the greatest adverse effect on conductivity.
  • moulded plastics articles made by various moulding techniques including rotational moulding or rotational casting will suffer the effects of developed electrostatic charges, either during the moulding operation or subsequently when manipulated or rubbed in use.
  • the most common of the plastics materials used in this process are polyolefins, mainly polyethylene.
  • Flame retardant additives are by their nature largely incompatible with the base resins into which they are incorporated. In the concentrations necessary to provide a suitable degree of protection they usually result in a mechanical weakness of the moulded part. It has been considered that to reduce the electrical insulating properties of the flame retardant compound it would be necessary to add conducting fillers such as carbon black or graphite.
  • An object of the present invention is economically to provide electrically conductive plastics materials with reasonable flame retardancy and reasonable service toughness. According to the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing an article of a plastics material which is simultaneously electrically conductive and flame retardant, and which comprises the steps of:
  • the constituent "grains" would normally each correspond to one of the original granules or powder particles.
  • the flame retardant property is exhibited throughout the bulk of the plastics material, and within each one of the grains of the material.
  • the electrical conductivity of the formed article is associated with the boundaries between the individual grains of plastics material.
  • the particulate material which gives the article its electrical conductivity is to be found "outside" the grains of which it is formed, while the flame-retardant additive is only present within the grains. This physical separation of the two additives excludes, or at least severely limits, their interference and negative influence on each other's performance.
  • the particulate material may be provided within a matrix of polymeric material which, in the course of the moulding step, spreads around the grain boundary surfaces of the granules of f-lame retardant. material. It may be convenient to provide the conductive material in the form of a so-called "master batch" consisting of a resin matrix bearing a relatively high concentration (e.g. 50 wt%) of the particulate conductive material.
  • the moulding step should not subject the materials to such high pressures or shear stresses that the separation between the conductive particles and the flame retardant additive is broken down.
  • the processes of casting or rotational moulding are well adapted for realising the present method, but extrusion and injection moulding would be unlikely to offer a successful fabrication route because high pressure or shear stresses are inherent in such methods.
  • the present invention is said to be provided by a manufacturing method.
  • the invention provides an electrically conductive and flame retardant plastics material, formed as an agglomerate of grains (granules or powder) of a moulded flame retardant plastics material, as by casting or sintering, wherein the grain boundary lattice within the bulk of the material contains a multitude of particles of an electrically conductive material which is compatible with the plastics material and which provides paths of electrical conductivity through the bulk of the sintered or cast plastics article.
  • the electrically conductive par.ticulate material can be of any suitable electrical conductor.
  • Metals in particulate form may be useful, but will often have an adverse chemical effect on the polymer matrix.
  • particulate carbon e.g. carbon black, will provide the necessary chemical passivity. It is relatively cheap and great experience of its behaviour when incorporated within polymeric materials has been built up over the last twenty years.
  • the invention is futher illustrated by the following Example.
  • EXAMPLE Ingredients selected to provide flame retardant plastics grains were melt compounded into a polyolefin base resin using a standard extrusion compounding technique.
  • the molten compounds containing the flame retardant additives were cooled and pelletised.
  • the resultant pellets approximately 3mm in diameter, were then fed to a grinding mill (WEDCO SE12 PILOT-4D), and ground to a powder.
  • the maximum powder particle size was controlled by the use of selected sieves and in each case varied from a dust of below 150 microns to particles up to 1200 microns in their largest dimension.
  • plastics grain particle sizes selected were in three ranges, namely:
  • the resultant mixture was then rotationally moulded by placing the coated powder into a metal mould which was heated while rotating in order to distribute a layer of the powder uniformly on the inner mould surface.
  • This rotational moulding technique was carried out in an oven set at selected temperatures between 250° and 400°C, depending on the melt viscosity of the base resin. When all the powder had fused into a uniform molten layer the rotating mould was cooled. The mould was then opened and the moulded part extracted and subsequently tested for both flame-retardant and electro-conductive properties.
  • the resins used in each specimen was selected from the following:-
  • the flame retardant ingredient in each specimen was selected from the following:-
  • the carbon black additive used in each specimen was selected from the following:- Dl - VULCAN P
  • specimens 1, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 are preferred over the other specimens.
  • a combination of antimony trioxide powder and a halogen-containing flame retarding resin material is preferred because it has not only a relatively small adverse effect on mechanical properties than other available flame retardant additives, but also a reduced tendency for dripping than purely resinous retarding additives provide.
  • Materials made in accordance with the invention offe prospects of uniquely attractive properties. They ar flame retardant, electrically conductive, relativel cheap, light in weight and easy to form to shape. Whil metals offer electrical conductivity and flame retardancy, the materials of the invention could provide electrica properties superior to metals in some applications in tha arc discharges to an article of the inventive material may be less incendiary than a corresponding arc discharg to an article the same except that it is made of metal. By rotational moulding processes, the present material can be utilised to make such articles as hoppers and othe containers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Une matière plastique ignifuge de polyéthylène ou autre est caractérisée par des chemins électroconductifs aux joints des grains, constitués par une matière particulaire, de préférence du noir de carbone. Un ignifuge préféré est formé par une combinaison de trioxyde d'antimoine et d'un composé halogéné résineux. Ladite matière convient au moulage rotatif d'articles creux, par exemple des trémies.
PCT/GB1991/000028 1990-01-10 1991-01-09 Matiere polymere electroconductrice et ignifuge WO1991010701A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9000565-3 1990-01-10
GB909000565A GB9000565D0 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-01-10 Electrically conductive,flame retardant polymeric material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991010701A1 true WO1991010701A1 (fr) 1991-07-25

Family

ID=10669097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/000028 WO1991010701A1 (fr) 1990-01-10 1991-01-09 Matiere polymere electroconductrice et ignifuge

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7061991A (fr)
GB (1) GB9000565D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991010701A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016128246A1 (fr) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Nv Bekaert Sa Produit en plastique conducteur

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1195076A (en) * 1967-11-28 1970-06-17 Ici Ltd Conducting Thermoplastic Articles
GB1241297A (en) * 1967-11-28 1971-08-04 Ici Ltd Conducting thermoplastics articles
EP0062252A1 (fr) * 1981-03-27 1982-10-13 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Composition polyoléfinique
US4596669A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-06-24 Mitech Corporation Flame retardant thermoplastic molding compositions of high electroconductivity

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1195076A (en) * 1967-11-28 1970-06-17 Ici Ltd Conducting Thermoplastic Articles
GB1241297A (en) * 1967-11-28 1971-08-04 Ici Ltd Conducting thermoplastics articles
EP0062252A1 (fr) * 1981-03-27 1982-10-13 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Composition polyoléfinique
US4596669A (en) * 1981-12-24 1986-06-24 Mitech Corporation Flame retardant thermoplastic molding compositions of high electroconductivity

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Dialog Information Services, File 351, World Patent Index 81-91, Dialog accession no. 2686296, Showa Denko KK: "Flame retardant chlorinated polyethylene compsn. includes carbon black, halogenated organic cpd. and antimony oxide", *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016128246A1 (fr) * 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Nv Bekaert Sa Produit en plastique conducteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9000565D0 (en) 1990-03-14
AU7061991A (en) 1991-08-05

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