WO1991006344A1 - Procede et dispositif servant a extraire au moyen d'un liquide au moins un element contenu dans un materiau plus solide - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif servant a extraire au moyen d'un liquide au moins un element contenu dans un materiau plus solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991006344A1
WO1991006344A1 PCT/SE1989/000613 SE8900613W WO9106344A1 WO 1991006344 A1 WO1991006344 A1 WO 1991006344A1 SE 8900613 W SE8900613 W SE 8900613W WO 9106344 A1 WO9106344 A1 WO 9106344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
well
chamber
water
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1989/000613
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gunnar JÄHKEL
Original Assignee
Jaehkel Gunnar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jaehkel Gunnar filed Critical Jaehkel Gunnar
Priority to JP2501164A priority Critical patent/JPH05500908A/ja
Publication of WO1991006344A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991006344A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
    • B09B1/008—Subterranean disposal, e.g. in boreholes or subsurface fractures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
    • C12M23/18—Open ponds; Greenhouse type or underground installations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
    • C12M33/14—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus with filters, sieves or membranes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • This invention is related to a method and a device for removing at least one element from a more solid material by means of a liquid.
  • the invention is intended to be put into application in all such connections where one is desirous and capable of removing one or more arbitrary elements from the more solid material by means of a liquid.
  • the more solid material may for instance be formed by material dangerous for the environment, from which material elements particularly harmful to the environment are to be separated for subsequent destruction, passivation, final storage etc.
  • a particular application of the invention concerns production of methane gas.
  • the liquid is prefe ⁇ rably water
  • the element to be removed is methane gas
  • the more solid material is a biological material subject to a process of digestion, e.g. an anaerobe process.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a method and an installation, by means of which elements, e.g. methane gas, should be separable from more solid material by means of liquid. Realization of the method and the installation is presupposed to give a good separation efficiency and involve relatively low investment and operational costs.
  • elements e.g. methane gas
  • the installation may be realized with particular preference by locating the chamber at least partly below the ground level.
  • the chamber may in this connection be formed by e.g. a rock cavity (claim 5). This possibility is particularly interesting in view of the fact that the decrea ⁇ sing consumption and also the reduced storage of oil cause a large number of rock cavities to be unused at the present time.
  • a particular feature of the invention resides in arranging the well in such a manner in the chamber in question that ground water entering into the chamber through leaks will, possibly after having passed through the material, arrive into the well, whereby the well and the liquid transport therefrom will give rise to a tendency to a ground water lowering around the chamber. In other words, a tendency to inflow of ground water into the chamber and the well will thereby occur rather than a flow out from the chamber. If the more solid material in the chamber would contain elements harmful to the environment, flow out from the chamber could give rise to consequences damaging the environment. Utiliza ⁇ tion of energy from biological materials occurs to a great degree by combustion.
  • the digestion process is intended to proceed under unaerobe conditions due to the water-soaking of the more solid material under digestion.
  • the rest material may be removed from the chamber and be used, for instance as a soil improvement material (plant fertilizer).
  • plant fertilizer plant fertilizer
  • Rest products from the microbiological process of digestion are a dry substance rich with nutrition components and being considerably reduced in volume as well as in weight compared to the starting material.
  • digestion gas is emitted, which is a mixture of methane gas and carbon dioxide.
  • the energy content in the gas which can be recovered from the digestion corresponds to 50-70% of the energy content in the dry sub ⁇ stance of the starting material.
  • Fig l is a vertical and diagrammatical section through an installation according to the invention.
  • Fig 2 is a block diagram illustrating circulation of the liquid.
  • the installation according to the invention will be described as adapted to recover, by means of water, digestion gas from a biological material digestible unaerobically.
  • the installation comprises a chamber 1 for receiving a bio ⁇ logical material 2 in a layer having a considerable vertical thickness.
  • a well generally denoted 3 is arranged in the chamber 1 and this well has a water permeable construction in the area of or below a lower part of the biological material.
  • the internal space of the well 3 may be defined by means of a tube structure 4, which has a vertical axis and the lower part of which comprises openings 5 for admitting water into the well.
  • the supply device 6 for supplying water to the biological material so that the water may move, by gravity, downwardly through the material layer 2 and then pick up digestion gas from the material under digestion.
  • the supply device 6 has the character of a spreader device, which sprays the water so that it is distributed relatively uniformly on the upper surface of the material layer 2.
  • a device 7 is provided for transporting water, which contains digestion gas, entering into the lower part of the well 3 to a separation device 8.
  • the supply device 7 comprises a suitable type of pump, e.g. a drownable pump, which in its working position is lowered close to the bottom of the well 3 under the water surface therein and which via a conduit 9 pumps up water to a separation device 8, which suitably is arranged above the ground level 10.
  • the device 8 is of a nature known per se and the specific structure thereof forms no part of the present invention. However, the device 8 is so arranged that it is capable to separate the digestion gas, at least the methane gas, from the water and the water is returned from the device 8 to the spreader device 6 via a conduit 11 and the water is again sprayed over the biological material layer 2.
  • the digestion gas or methane gas separated is conveyed from the device 8 to suitable receivers to be used for combustion purposes or otherwise.
  • the chamber 1 is at least partly, and in the example entirely, arranged under the ground surface 10. More specifically, the chamber is in the example intended to be formed by a rock cavity having considerable dimensions. It may be mentioned as an example that such a rock cavity may be 160 meters long (horizontal extent) , 20 meters wide and 30 meters high. It is obvious that several wells 3 should be arranged in a row if the rock cavity has such dimensions and if the wells 3 used have a circular or nearly circular shape. Alternatively, one or more wells could be arranged with an oblong cross section with the longer dimension orientated parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rock cavity in a horizontal direction.
  • conduits 9, 11 between the separation device 8 and the spreader 6/pump 7 run suitably in a vertical channel 12 between the upper part of the chamber 1 and the ground level.
  • the well mantle 4 has above its water permeable part provided with the openings 5 a water impermeable part indicated at 13 and intended to be located opposite to the biological material. Accordingly, water cannot enter into the well space 3 along the upper well part 13 but the water must, along part 13, enter through the biological material 2 and cannot enter the well 3 but through the openings 5 in the bottom region thereof.
  • the water permeable part of the well mantle 4 is covered by a filter layer 14 having the ability to prevent solid consti ⁇ tuents, or at least larger solid constituents, from the bio ⁇ logical material 2 to reach and enter into the well through the openings 5.
  • the filter layer 14 may for instance consist of different fractions of crushed stone material according to techniques well known per se within the filtering area. As indicated in Fig 1, the filter layer 14 may have an upper conical interface to the biological material layer 2, the interface converging in a direction upwardly and in a direction towards the vertical axis of the well shaft 3.
  • the ground water level is indicated at the dashed lines 16 in Fig 1.
  • the well 3 and the rock cavity 1 is so arranged that ground water entering into the rock cavity 1 through possible leaks, for instance fissures, in its wall will, possibly after having passed through the biological material 2, arrive into the well 3.
  • the well 3 and liquid transport therefrom by means of pump 7 will give rise to a ground water lowering around rock cavity 1 in the way indicated in Fig 1.
  • the well 3 will operate according to the sunk well principle concerning the water which via the spreader device 6 is caused to pass downwardly in the biological material layer 2 as well as concerning the ground water around the rock cavity.
  • the sunk well function for the ground water level is particu ⁇ larly important if there is material harmful to the environment in the rock cavity 1 since accordingly the ground water will tend to flow into the well shaft 3 arranged in the rock cavity 1 rather than water or liquid loaded with contaminations from the biological material 2 in the rock cavity tending to leak out of the same to the surroundings.
  • the rock cavity 1 is conceived to be located close to the sea or a lake 17, the surface of which is denoted at 18. Such a location is prefe ⁇ rable since the ground water streams are small close to the sea or a lake.
  • the water supply device 6 is so arranged that it distributes the water on the upper surface of the material layer 2 at the side of the upper end of the well shaft 3.
  • the passage or shaft 12 is arranged straight above the well 3.
  • the well mantle 4 may initially be introduced into the rock cavity 1 and then, the filter material in the layer 14 may be tipped down through the passage 12 from ground level 10.
  • the biological material 2 may be tipped through the opening or shaft 12, measures having to be taken to avoid clogging of the well shaft 3; a cover could then be arranged on the upper end of the well mantle 4.
  • the pump 7 is lowered into the well, the movement upwardly and downwardly of the pump being controllable by means of suitable guides extending downwardly through the passage 12 and the well shaft 3.
  • the water supply device 6 is thereafter also mounted.
  • the biological material may of course be supplied to and distributed into the rock cavity 1 by means of band conveyors, scraper conveyors, elevators or other known transport devices.
  • closures e.g. gate feeders with cut-off air, guillotine dampers etc, in the opening 12 illustrated in Fig 1 and/or other occurring openings to the atmosphere above ground surface and at least in such openings which rather often must be opened.
  • the circulation of the water in the device is illustrated.
  • the water supply device 6 applies the water on the biological material 2, through which the water passes while picking up the digestion gas.
  • the gas loaded water then passes through the filter layer 14 and reaches into the well 3 through its openings.
  • the water is then picked up by the pump 7 and delivered to the separation device 8, from which the separated digestion gas/methane gas exits at 20.
  • the water liberated from gas is then supplied to the water supply device and the circulation proceeds in an analogical way.
  • the invention is of course not limited to the described embodi ⁇ ment only. As already pointed out, the invention may be uti ⁇ lized in order to separate, by means of an arbitrary liquid, arbitrary elements, which may be collected by said liquid, from any more solid material.
  • the solid materials which may come in question in connection with the invention are such which may be penetrated by water under the influence of gravitation. Accor ⁇ dingly, said more solid material could be at least partially liquid, although generally particulate materials having solid constituents normally are in question.
  • flushing with water or air in the "back direction", i.e. that the flushing is carried out via the well 3, through the filter layer 14 and into the material layer 2.
  • the term "well” here used denotes any type of chambers or cavities for collec ⁇ ting liquid. As an example, it is not at all necessary that the well must have the character of an elongated vertical shaft. Instead, the well could have its longest extent horizontally arranged.
  • the invention is not at all only applicable on chambers 1 in the form of rock cavities.
  • the chamber 1 could instead be delimited by an arbitrary cistern or container located above or under ground level.
  • the chamber 1 could be delimited in water, e.g. in connection with filling up of sea or lake bays.
  • the chamber 1 could be obtained by digging a hole in a rela ⁇ tively water tight ground, in which case the ground layer itself could form the delimitation surfaces of chamber 1.
  • other modifications of the invention are possible within the scope of the invention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le procédé et l'installation décrits qui servent à extraire au moyen d'un liquide au moins un élément contenu dans un matériau plus solide, lequel est disposé en couches (2) étendues verticales considérables dans une chambre (1), on prévoit au moins un puits (3) comportant une structure perméable aux liquides dans la région d'une partie inférieure de la couche de matériau ou au-dessous de cette partie inférieure. Le liquide est acheminé jusqu'au matériau en couche (2) par un niveau situé au-dessus d'une partie au moins de la couche, de sorte que le liquide traverse le matériau et emporte ensuite avec lui l'élément à extraire. Après être descendu à travers le matériau, le liquide pénétrant dans le puits (3) est transporté jusqu'à un dispositif de séparation où l'élément est séparé du liquide.
PCT/SE1989/000613 1988-10-07 1989-10-31 Procede et dispositif servant a extraire au moyen d'un liquide au moins un element contenu dans un materiau plus solide WO1991006344A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2501164A JPH05500908A (ja) 1989-10-31 1989-10-31 液体により比較的固い物質から少なくとも１つの成分を取り出す方法及び装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8803563A SE461912B (sv) 1988-10-07 1988-10-07 Anlaeggning foer att med hjaelp av en vaetska avlaegsna ett element ur ett fastare material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006344A1 true WO1991006344A1 (fr) 1991-05-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1989/000613 WO1991006344A1 (fr) 1988-10-07 1989-10-31 Procede et dispositif servant a extraire au moyen d'un liquide au moins un element contenu dans un materiau plus solide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4745190A (fr)
SE (1) SE461912B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991006344A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5588437A (en) * 1989-03-29 1996-12-31 British Technology Group Limited Blood flow determination
CN102527699A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2012-07-04 张富德 单元封闭式废弃物处理及生物发电,余热利用系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE461912B (sv) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-09 Gunnar Jaehkel Anlaeggning foer att med hjaelp av en vaetska avlaegsna ett element ur ett fastare material

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4435292A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-03-06 Kbi Corp. Portable method for decontaminating earth
EP0155768A2 (fr) * 1984-02-21 1985-09-25 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Procédé et installation de décontamination
US4756887A (en) * 1983-06-30 1988-07-12 Compagnie Francaise De Mokta Process of heap leaching
EP0288805A2 (fr) * 1987-04-11 1988-11-02 In der Schmitten, Wolfgang Procédé de décontamination de couches de sol pollué quelle qu'en soit la profondeur
SE8803563A (fr) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-08

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4435292A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-03-06 Kbi Corp. Portable method for decontaminating earth
US4756887A (en) * 1983-06-30 1988-07-12 Compagnie Francaise De Mokta Process of heap leaching
EP0155768A2 (fr) * 1984-02-21 1985-09-25 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Procédé et installation de décontamination
EP0288805A2 (fr) * 1987-04-11 1988-11-02 In der Schmitten, Wolfgang Procédé de décontamination de couches de sol pollué quelle qu'en soit la profondeur
SE8803563A (fr) * 1988-10-07 1990-04-08

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5588437A (en) * 1989-03-29 1996-12-31 British Technology Group Limited Blood flow determination
CN102527699A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2012-07-04 张富德 单元封闭式废弃物处理及生物发电,余热利用系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8803563D0 (sv) 1988-10-07
AU4745190A (en) 1991-05-31
SE8803563A (fr) 1990-04-08
SE461912B (sv) 1990-04-09

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