WO1991004413A1 - Installation a energie eolienne - Google Patents

Installation a energie eolienne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991004413A1
WO1991004413A1 PCT/SE1989/000503 SE8900503W WO9104413A1 WO 1991004413 A1 WO1991004413 A1 WO 1991004413A1 SE 8900503 W SE8900503 W SE 8900503W WO 9104413 A1 WO9104413 A1 WO 9104413A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screen
wind
rotation axis
blade rotor
blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1989/000503
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ivar Holmgren
Original Assignee
Ivar Holmgren
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ivar Holmgren filed Critical Ivar Holmgren
Publication of WO1991004413A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991004413A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind power plant comprising a blade rotor rotating about a substantially horizontal axis and a generator driven directly or indirectly thereby, said blade rotor being in a conventional manner intended to in a preferred operating position be disposed with its rotation axis directed substantially parallel to the wind direction.
  • Wind power plants of this type have been developed during the attempts of the passed decades to utilize energy sources being nice to the environment as an alternative to the conventional ones, the utilizing of which interferes more or less in the environment.
  • Wind power plants of this kind have been installed in all kinds of places where the winds are exceptionally powerful, for instance on the sea coast, on islands and in open places.
  • the winds are exceptionally powerful, for instance on the sea coast, on islands and in open places.
  • one has always been wrestling with the problem that they deliver an effective output being too low for constiruting a satisfying alternative to the conventional energy sources, so far as they are not installed in a very high number, which would on one hand intrude unduly upon the appearance of the landscape and on the other generate costs being too high and bad economy.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wind power plant of the kind described above, which has a considerably increased generation of power or effective output with respect to wind power plants of this kind already known without making the propeller blades disproportionately big.
  • This object is obtained according to the invention by the completely new measure within the wind power technique, i.e. by arranging at least one screen in the direction of the rotation axis of the blade rotor and in said operating position close behind the propeller blades, as viewed in the direction of the wind, so that it presents surfaces for such a guiding of air streams striking thereupon in the direction of the rotation axis of the blade rotor, that these air streams while co-opera ⁇ ting with the propeller blades make a contribution to the power driving the latter and generated as a result of the blade angle thereof.
  • Fig la is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the wind power plant according to the invention.
  • Fig lb is a view from above of an embodiment of the invention slightly modified with respect to the embodiment according to Fig la,
  • Figs 2 and 3 are ⁇ chematical views illustrating a possible embodiment of the screen of the wind power plant according to the invention
  • Figs 4 and 5 are schematical views illustrating another pos ⁇ sible embodiment of the screen of a wind power plant according to the invention.
  • Fig 6 illustrates in a front view a further possible embodiment of the screen of a wind power plant according to the invention.
  • the power plant comprises a blade rotor 1 with two propeller blades 2 and a substantially horizontal rotation axle 3 intended to be directed parallelly to the wind direction.
  • the propeller blades 2 are in a conventional manner inclined about radial axes radiating from the rotation axle and have accordingly a so called blade angle.
  • the rotation axle 3 is through a bevelled gear 4 connected to a vertical rotation axle 5, which is arranged to directly or indirectly drive a generator not shown at the lower end thereof.
  • the vertical rotation axle 5 is provided with longitudinal blades 6 and a partial cylinder 7 partially covering the blade wheel thus formed for guiding wind striking upon the blades on one side of the vertical rotation axle 5 and thereby push the latter.
  • the horizontal blade rotor 1 and the vertical rotor co-operate for generating energy.
  • the wind power plant described so far is already known, for instance by the applicant's own patent 7804020-1.
  • a screen 8 is arranged behind the propeller blades 2, as seen in the direction of the rotation axle 3.
  • This screen is so designed that air streams striking thereon are diverted in ⁇ wardly towards the rotation axle 3 and then disappear rear- wardly through an opening close to said rotation axle. While moving along the surface of the screen towards the rotation axle 3, these air streams act upon the propeller blades 2 in the rotation direction thereof and accordingly make a contri ⁇ bution to the power driving the latter ⁇ and generated as a result of the blade angle thereof.
  • the screen 8 is continued downwardly through a portion 9 facilitating appropriate leading of air into and towards the blades 6 of the vertical rotation axle.
  • the screen 8 is through the portion 9 pivotably connected to a body 10 about a vertical axis intersecting the rotational axle 3, on which body also the horizontal and vertical rotors are arranged and which is pivotable with respect to a stand 11 about a vertical axis coinciding with the rotation axle 5.
  • the reason for the pivotability between the body 10 and the stand 11 as well as possible adjustment of the screen 8 with respect to the body 10 will now be explained more in detail with reference made to Fig lb, which shows a slightly modified embodiment of the invention from above with respect to the wind power plant shown in Fig la.
  • the screen 8 is by a hinge hidden by the rotation axle 3 pivotably arranged with respect to the body 10 about a vertical axis.
  • the screen may thanks to this pivotability be pivoted away backwardly when for instance such powerful winds are prevailing, which otherwise would damage the screen, or when a lower power output by the plant is desired.
  • This adjustment of the screen 8 may be carried out by any kind of a power means influenced by a sensor, but in this embodiment takes place automatically by the wind, which will be understood after reading the description following hereinafter.
  • a first link 13 is pivotably arranged on an attachment 12 on the rear side of the screen.
  • the link 13 is through its opposite end pivotably arranged on a first arm 14 of a double-armed lever, which in its turn is pivotably arranged on a portion 15 of the body 10.
  • the body portion 15 extends rearwardly and a bent plate 16 is pivotably arranged on the rear end thereof about a substantially vertical axis.
  • the definition plate here means something that has a considerable surface and is comparatively thin. However, it does not at all have to be completely flat.
  • the plate 16 has a comparatively important surface for exposi ⁇ tion to the wind.
  • a second link 18 is pivotably connected at both ends thereof between the second arm 17 of the double-armed lever and an intermediate portion of the plate 16.
  • a sleeve 19 is displaceably arranged on the rotation axle 3 in the longitudinal direction thereof. Link arms 20 are secured to this sleeve, which arms are transformed into one link arm 21, pivotably arranged on the second arm 17 of the lever.
  • third links 22 are at one end thereof pivotably arranged on the sleeve 19 and on their other end pivotably arranged on an attachment 23 each of each one propeller blade 2. Since substantially the entire screen 8 is arranged on one and the same side of a vertical plane comprising the rotation axle 3 of the rotor and the plate 16 is arranged on the body on the opposite side of said vertical plane with respect to the screen, the wind striking upon the plate 16 will tend to turn the body 10 with respect to the stand 11 in the direction opposite to the one striven after by the wind striking upon the screen 8, and a position of equilibrium will thus be obtained.
  • the screen 8 an" the plate 16 are so designed that they procure an automatic parallel alignment of the rotational axle of the blade rotor with the wind direction, since the position of equilibrium corresponds thereto.
  • the function of the link system just described is the following.
  • the screen 8 will be pivoted rearwardly upon an increasing wind force.
  • the first link 13 will thereby influence the first arm 14 of the lever to pivot in the clockwise direction, as seen in Fig lb, and thereby through the second link 18 pivot the plate 16 clock ⁇ wise.
  • the pivoting clockwise of the second arm 17 simul ⁇ taneously produces a displacement of the sleeve 19 in the wind direction, through which the third links give rise to an increase of the blade angle of the propeller blades 2 pivotably suspended about radial axes in the rotation axle 3.
  • the propeller blades will automatically be less in ⁇ fluenced if the wind force increases, since too strong winds otherwise could damage the propeller blades. It would of course be possible to secure or fix any of the parts in the link system so as to obtain a position of for instance the screen 8 or the propeller blades 2 being independent of the wind force. Furthermore, the modification of the blade angle of the pro ⁇ peller blades 2 could be made independent of the pivoting of the screen 8 and the plate 16.
  • the different embodiments of the screen 8 shown in Figs 2-6 all have in common that the screen constitutes a part of or the whole envelope of an imagined cone, the center axis of which coincides substantially with the rotation axle 3 of the blade rotor and is so directed that the tip thereof points in the wind direction in the preferred operating position, so that the inner surfaces of the envelope will be exposed to wind and divert air streams striking thereon towards the tip of the cone.
  • One or more escape openings for discharging the wind guided towards the rotation axle of the blade rotor are ar ⁇ ranged in these screens.
  • the screen 8 shown in this embodime ⁇ consists of two parts forming parts of the envelope of one and the same cone, and it appears from Fig 3 that the cone angle is comparatively blunt.
  • the continuous lines in Fig 3 show how the screen 8 is intended to be located in the optimal operating position thereof, i.e. with the longitudinal edge 24 of the propeller blades located closest to the screen extending substantially parallel to the guiding surfaces of the screen, so that it sweeps closely over the screen upon rotation of the rotor.
  • the propeller blades 2 are in this embodiment slightly inclined in the wind direction, so that also their rear longitudinal edges form a generatrix of a cone formed by the rotation of the blades.
  • the rear longitudinal edge 24 of the propeller blades is in Fig 2 the rear longitudinal edge as seen in the clockwise direc ⁇ tion, so that the propeller blades will rotate in the clockwise direction. Air streams striking on the screen 8 will be diver ⁇ ted towards the tip of the imagined cone, as indicated by the arrows in Fig 2, so as to, thereafter, disappear rearwardly through the escape openings 25 located between the two screen parts.
  • the longitudinal edge 24 of the propeller blades located closest to the screen makes, as seen in the direction of the rotation axle of the blade rotor, while extending towards the extremety 26 of the respective blade 2 an angle a with an imagined radius extending from the rotation axle 3 towards the extremety and moves closer thereto.
  • a second possible embodiment of the screen 8 is illustrated in Figs 4 and 5.
  • the screen is also here constituted by several parts forming parts of the envelope of one and the same cone. These parts are constituted by concentric rings 28 with diffe ⁇ rent diameters. Escape openings 25 are arranged between each ring as the outer edge 29 of each ring is slightly displaced, in said preferred operating position towards the wind direc ⁇ tion, with respect to the inner edge 30 of the ring arranged immediately outwardly thereof. It would also be possible to produce escape openings by designing the rings 28 so that the outer diameter of each ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring arranged immediately outwardly thereof.
  • FIG. 6 A third conceivable embodiment of the screen 8 is shown in Fig 6.
  • This screen 8 has a cone shape corresponding to the screen according to Figs 4 and 5, but the screen in Fig 6 consists of a continuous cone envelope.
  • This screen is by way of bars 31 secured to a bearing in which the rotation axle 3 of the blade rotor rotates. Escape openings are arranged between these bars 31 for discharging the air streams diverted towards the tip of the cone.
  • the screen 8 is in this embodiment constituted by an truncatec 1 cone.
  • the invention is of course not in any way restricted to the embodiments described above, but many modification possi ⁇ bilities thereof would be apparent to a man skilled in the art without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
  • the different embodiments of the screen are only some examples of conceivable embodiments, and it is either not necessary for the screen to constitute one or more parts of the envelope of an imagined cone, but it is enough that it gives rise to a diver ⁇ ting of the air streams striking thereon in the direction of the rotation axle of the blade rotor.
  • the embodiment of the screen as part of the envelope of an imagined cone would probably be the most preferred screen embodiment.
  • the screen embodiments according to Figs 2-6 are badly suited to a wind power plant according to Figs la, lb, i.e. where an automatic adjustment only controlled by the wind of the rota ⁇ tion axle of the blade rotor in the wind direction has to take place. Rather would an adjustment with respect to the wind direction through an appropriate power means be suitable in these screen embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Une installation à énergie éolienne comprend un rotor à pales (1) en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal (3) et un générateur entraîné directement ou indirectement par ledit rotor. Le rotor à pales est conçu de sorte que, lorsqu'il est dans une position de fonctionnement préférée, son axe de rotation (3) soit orienté sensiblement parallèle au sens du vent. Au moins un écran (8) est disposé dans le sens de l'axe de rotation (3); dans ladite position de fonctionnement, juste derrière les pales de l'hélice (2) dans le sens du vent, ledit écran présente des surfaces pouvant diriger les courants d'air qui les frappent dans le sens de l'axe de rotation (3) du rotor à pales. Lesdits courants d'air, coopèrant avec les pales de l'hélice (2), contribuent ainsi aux forces qui entraînent les pales, lesdites forces étant générées en conséquence de l'angle des pales.
PCT/SE1989/000503 1988-03-23 1989-09-20 Installation a energie eolienne WO1991004413A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8801059A SE466358B (sv) 1988-03-23 1988-03-23 Vindkraftverk

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991004413A1 true WO1991004413A1 (fr) 1991-04-04

Family

ID=20371790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1989/000503 WO1991004413A1 (fr) 1988-03-23 1989-09-20 Installation a energie eolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE466358B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991004413A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2353825A (en) * 1999-09-01 2001-03-07 David Lovett Ewbank Teal Wind turbine tower having rotatable shroud/fairing
US6786697B2 (en) 2002-05-30 2004-09-07 Arthur Benjamin O'Connor Turbine

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE686574C (de) * 1936-11-29 1940-01-12 Hermann Honnef Grosswindrad mit schraegen Abstuetzungsstreben
DE804090C (de) * 1949-02-13 1951-04-16 Paul Duemmel Windkraftmotor
SE422612B (sv) * 1978-04-11 1982-03-15 Alfred Birger Ivar Holmgren Vindkraftverk med vertikal och horisontell rotor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE686574C (de) * 1936-11-29 1940-01-12 Hermann Honnef Grosswindrad mit schraegen Abstuetzungsstreben
DE804090C (de) * 1949-02-13 1951-04-16 Paul Duemmel Windkraftmotor
SE422612B (sv) * 1978-04-11 1982-03-15 Alfred Birger Ivar Holmgren Vindkraftverk med vertikal och horisontell rotor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 7, No. 71, M202; & JP,A,57 212 380, 27-12-1982, (KATSUO HASHIMOTO). *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2353825A (en) * 1999-09-01 2001-03-07 David Lovett Ewbank Teal Wind turbine tower having rotatable shroud/fairing
US6786697B2 (en) 2002-05-30 2004-09-07 Arthur Benjamin O'Connor Turbine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8801059D0 (sv) 1988-03-23
SE466358B (sv) 1992-02-03
SE8801059L (sv) 1989-09-24

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