WO1991001715A1 - Ophthalmic compositions - Google Patents

Ophthalmic compositions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991001715A1
WO1991001715A1 PCT/GB1990/001145 GB9001145W WO9101715A1 WO 1991001715 A1 WO1991001715 A1 WO 1991001715A1 GB 9001145 W GB9001145 W GB 9001145W WO 9101715 A1 WO9101715 A1 WO 9101715A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clonidine
water soluble
ophthalmic composition
addition salt
acid addition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/001145
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Hubert Bentley
Mark Christopher Richardson
Original Assignee
Smith & Nephew Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smith & Nephew Plc filed Critical Smith & Nephew Plc
Publication of WO1991001715A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991001715A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/415—1,2-Diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0048—Eye, e.g. artificial tears
    • A61K9/0051—Ocular inserts, ocular implants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid ophthalmic composition containing an effective intraocular pressure lowering amount of clonidine or an acid addition salt thereof.
  • the present invention provides a solid ophthalmic composition which comprises a water soluble film containing from 2 to 25 ⁇ g of clonidine or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.
  • a solid ophthalmic composition which comprises a water soluble film containing from 2 to 25 ⁇ g of clonidine or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.
  • the weight of clonidine is calculated as the weight of the hydrochloride acid addition salt.
  • Suitable pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts can be formed with organic or inorganic acids the anions of which are physiologically compatible with the eye at the concentrations at which they are administered.
  • Favoured acid addition salts include, for example, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric, acetic, oxalic, tartaric, fumaric, maleic, citric, ascorbic and propionic acid addition salts.
  • a preferred acid addition salt is clonidine hydrochloride.
  • the composition is a unit dose composition.
  • unit dose compositions dissolve when placed on the eye and release the clonidine or its salt which is present in such a concentration and for sufficient time to cause intraocular pressure lowering without also causing a systemic effect.
  • unit dose forms will contain from 2 to 2S ⁇ q of clonidine or pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof and more suitably at least 5 g most suitably at least 8/g and preferably at least 10/g of clonidine or an acid acid addition salt thereof and preferably not more than 15 ⁇ g.
  • the compositions of this invention are most suitably provided in the format described in United Kingdom Patent No 2097680B which is incorporated herein by cross-reference.
  • the compositions of this invention are contained in the soluble matrix element.
  • the weight of the soluble matrix element will generally be not more than 550 / /g, suitably not more than 500 g and preferably not more than 475jt/g. Aptly the weight of the soluble matrix element will be at least 350/t/g, suitably at least 400 g and preferably at least 450 g for example 455, 460 or 65 / _»g.
  • Suitable the unit dose of clonidine or acid addition salt thereof contained in the format described in UK Patent No 2097680B will generally be from 0.43% w / w to 5.4% w /w of tne a er soluble matrix, more suitably at least 1.07% W / W / most suitably at least 1.7% w / w and preferably at least 2.2% w / w « Most aptly the unit dose will contain not more than 4.3% w / w and preferably not more than 3.2% V w «
  • composition of the present invention in the format described above therefore offers considerable advantages over aqueous solutions of the same drug which generally contain a higher dose and result in undesirable side effects.
  • the film containing clonidine or acid addition salt thereof is most aptly cast from aqueous solution and at ambient room temperature.
  • the film may be made from any non-toxic water soluble polymer. Suitable polymers include cellulose derivatives, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
  • a preferred water soluble polymer is a polyvinyl alcohol.
  • compositions according to this invention are most aptly provided sterile sealed within an openable pouch or package.
  • the compositions may be rendered sterile by gamma irradiation.
  • composition of this invention in the format of an ophthalmic applicator as described in United Kingdom Patent No 2097680B the following casting solutions were prepared.
  • Distilled water to 100.0% w / admir Solutions of polyvinyl alcohol are prepared by dispersing the granules of the polymer in cold distilled water with stirring. The dispersion is heated to a temperature of 65 to 70°C on a steam bath until the granules have dissolved. Any other ingredients are added and finally the weight of the solution is adjusted to lOOg by addition of distilled water. The solutions are then allowed to stand overnight to de-areate.
  • Casting solution A is cast onto a silicone coated release paper using a conventional stainless steel spreading box with a gap of 100//m. The film is dried in a hot air oven at 65 to 70°C for 4 to 5 minutes.
  • Casting solutions B and C are spread similtaneously on to the film-cast from solution A.
  • the spreading box used is as before except that the gap width is 200 m and the box is split into two channels using an aluminium divider 1mm thick which thereby provides the membrane which allows the soluble film portion, formed by layers of casting solutions A and B to separate from the handle portion of the device.
  • the spread films are dried in a hot air oven as before.
  • a piece of adhesive card may be attached to cast film C to provide stiffness to the handle of the device.
  • the multilaminate sheet is then cut to the appropriate size to provide soluble film portions containing clonidine hydrochloride which are for example, 6, 8 or 10mm long and 6mm wide equivalent to unit doses of 5.28//g, 7.04 ⁇ g and 8.8cg.
  • the applicators so formed are dried over night before being packed individually into aluminium foil moisture proof pouches.
  • the packaged applicators may be sterilised by exposure to ⁇ -irradiation at 2.5 Mrad.
  • Example 1 was repeated but using the following casting solutions.
  • the multilaminate sheet was cut to provide soluble matrix film portions containing clonidine hydrochloride which were 4.5mm long and 5mm wide.
  • Example 2 was repeated but using clonidine hydrobromide at 0.33% w / w in casting, solution B.
  • Example 2 This example was less effective at lowering intraocular pressure than Example 2 but was observed to have had no measureable systemic side effects.

Abstract

A solid ophthalmic composition is described comprising a water soluble film containing cephalosporins or pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof useful in treating bacterial infections of the eye. The compositions described have considerably greater stability and absorption characteristics than aqueous solutions of the same ophthalmic agents. A method of use of such solid ophthalmic compositions is also described.

Description

OPHTHALMIC COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to a solid ophthalmic composition containing an effective intraocular pressure lowering amount of clonidine or an acid addition salt thereof.
Clonidine hydrochloride
(2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride) when dissolved in a suitable aqueous solution has been useful in lowering intraocular pressure when applied topically to the eye. Some authorities have reported that at the concentrations of clonidine hydrochloride employed in eyedrops systemic side-effects have been observed, namely a drop in the systemic blood pressure. However, it has now been discovered that it is possible to provide an effective intraocular pressure lowering amount of clonidine or an acid addition salt thereof without causing a simultaneous systemic effect.
The present invention provides a solid ophthalmic composition which comprises a water soluble film containing from 2 to 25μg of clonidine or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. As used herein the weight of clonidine is calculated as the weight of the hydrochloride acid addition salt.
Suitable pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts can be formed with organic or inorganic acids the anions of which are physiologically compatible with the eye at the concentrations at which they are administered. Favoured acid addition salts include, for example, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, nitric, acetic, oxalic, tartaric, fumaric, maleic, citric, ascorbic and propionic acid addition salts. A preferred acid addition salt is clonidine hydrochloride.
Most aptly the composition is a unit dose composition. Such unit dose compositions dissolve when placed on the eye and release the clonidine or its salt which is present in such a concentration and for sufficient time to cause intraocular pressure lowering without also causing a systemic effect. Generally such unit dose forms will contain from 2 to 2Sμq of clonidine or pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof and more suitably at least 5 g most suitably at least 8/g and preferably at least 10/g of clonidine or an acid acid addition salt thereof and preferably not more than 15μg. The compositions of this invention are most suitably provided in the format described in United Kingdom Patent No 2097680B which is incorporated herein by cross-reference.
In the format described in UK Patent No 2097680B the compositions of this invention are contained in the soluble matrix element. The weight of the soluble matrix element will generally be not more than 550//g, suitably not more than 500 g and preferably not more than 475jt/g. Aptly the weight of the soluble matrix element will be at least 350/t/g, suitably at least 400 g and preferably at least 450 g for example 455, 460 or 65/_»g.
Suitable the unit dose of clonidine or acid addition salt thereof contained in the format described in UK Patent No 2097680B will generally be from 0.43% w/w to 5.4% w/w of tne a er soluble matrix, more suitably at least 1.07% W/W/ most suitably at least 1.7% w/w and preferably at least 2.2% w/w« Most aptly the unit dose will contain not more than 4.3% w/w and preferably not more than 3.2% Vw«
It has been found that using the preferred doses of clonidine hydrochloride in the format described above the intraocular pressure is effectively lowered without causing a simultaneous systemic effect on blood pressure. The composition of the present invention in the format described above therefore offers considerable advantages over aqueous solutions of the same drug which generally contain a higher dose and result in undesirable side effects.
The film containing clonidine or acid addition salt thereof is most aptly cast from aqueous solution and at ambient room temperature. The film may be made from any non-toxic water soluble polymer. Suitable polymers include cellulose derivatives, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. A preferred water soluble polymer is a polyvinyl alcohol.
The compositions according to this invention are most aptly provided sterile sealed within an openable pouch or package. The compositions may be rendered sterile by gamma irradiation.
The invention will now be illustrated by the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1
To prepare a composition of this invention in the format of an ophthalmic applicator as described in United Kingdom Patent No 2097680B the following casting solutions were prepared.
Casting Solution A
Polyvinyl alcohol 10.0%w/„ Distilled water to 100.0%w/w
Casting Solution B
Clonidine hydrochloride 0.1%w/«
Polyvinyl alcohol 15.0%w/w
Distilled water to 100.0%w/w
Casting Solution C
Polyvinyl alcohol 35.0%w/w
Distilled water to 100.0%w/„ Solutions of polyvinyl alcohol are prepared by dispersing the granules of the polymer in cold distilled water with stirring. The dispersion is heated to a temperature of 65 to 70°C on a steam bath until the granules have dissolved. Any other ingredients are added and finally the weight of the solution is adjusted to lOOg by addition of distilled water. The solutions are then allowed to stand overnight to de-areate.
Casting solution A is cast onto a silicone coated release paper using a conventional stainless steel spreading box with a gap of 100//m. The film is dried in a hot air oven at 65 to 70°C for 4 to 5 minutes.
Casting solutions B and C are spread similtaneously on to the film-cast from solution A. The spreading box used is as before except that the gap width is 200 m and the box is split into two channels using an aluminium divider 1mm thick which thereby provides the membrane which allows the soluble film portion, formed by layers of casting solutions A and B to separate from the handle portion of the device. The spread films are dried in a hot air oven as before. A piece of adhesive card may be attached to cast film C to provide stiffness to the handle of the device. The multilaminate sheet is then cut to the appropriate size to provide soluble film portions containing clonidine hydrochloride which are for example, 6, 8 or 10mm long and 6mm wide equivalent to unit doses of 5.28//g, 7.04μg and 8.8cg. The applicators so formed are dried over night before being packed individually into aluminium foil moisture proof pouches.
The packaged applicators may be sterilised by exposure to γ-irradiation at 2.5 Mrad.
In use a sterile applicator is removed from its package, the release paper is removed and the soluble film portion placed against the moist surface of the eye. The thin membrane portion dissolves separating the soluble film portion from the handle. The soluble film portion readily dissolves in contact with the moisture in the eye to release clonidine hydrochloride. The applications so formed were found to substantially reduce intraocular pressure without resulting in a drop in systemic blood pressure. EXAMPLE 2
Example 1 was repeated but using the following casting solutions.
Casting Solution A
Polyvinyl alcohol 8.0%w/w
Distilled water to 100.0%w/v
Casting Solution B
Clonidine hydrochloride 0.33%w/w
Polyvinyl alcohol 15.0%w/w
Distilled water to 100.0%w/w
Casting Solution C
Polyvinyl alcohol 20.0%w/w
Distilled water to 100.0%w/w
The multilaminate sheet was cut to provide soluble matrix film portions containing clonidine hydrochloride which were 4.5mm long and 5mm wide.
Example 3
Example 2 was repeated but using clonidine hydrobromide at 0.33% w/w in casting, solution B.
This example was less effective at lowering intraocular pressure than Example 2 but was observed to have had no measureable systemic side effects.

Claims

1. A solid ophthalmic composition which comprises a water soluble film containing from 2 to 25 g of clonidine or a pharmacologically acceptable acid
■addition salt thereof.
2. An ophthalmic composition according to Claim 1 in which the acid addition salt is clonidine hydrochloride.
3. An ophthalmic commposition according to Claims 1 or 2 in which the unit dose contains at least 2 g of clonidine or acid addition salt thereof.
4. An ophthalmic composition according to Claims 1 or 2 in which the unit dose contains not more than 25 g of clonidine -or acid addition salt thereof.
5. An ophthalmic composition according to any of the preceeding claims in which the water soluble film is attached to a disposable applicator in the form of an elongated strip by a water soluble membrane such that in use the water soluble film will be detached from the applicator and will dissolve thereby delivering the clonidine or acid addition salt thereof to the eye.
6. An ophthalmic composition according to any of the preceeding claims in which the water soluble film comprises a non-toxic water soluble polymer.
7. An ophthalmic composition according to Claim 6 in which the non-toxic water soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
8. A sterilised ophthalmic composition according to any of the preceeding claims.
PCT/GB1990/001145 1989-07-27 1990-07-25 Ophthalmic compositions WO1991001715A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8917217.5 1989-07-27
GB898917217A GB8917217D0 (en) 1989-07-27 1989-07-27 Ophthalmic compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991001715A1 true WO1991001715A1 (en) 1991-02-21

Family

ID=10660734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1990/001145 WO1991001715A1 (en) 1989-07-27 1990-07-25 Ophthalmic compositions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6069490A (en)
GB (1) GB8917217D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1991001715A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6080840A (en) * 1992-01-17 2000-06-27 Slanetz; Alfred E. Soluble T cell receptors
US20120322747A1 (en) * 2008-04-04 2012-12-20 Mimetogen Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. Beta-turn peptidomimetic cyclic compounds for treating dry eye

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2097680A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-10 Smith & Nephew Associated Cie Medicament applicator
EP0251680A2 (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-01-07 Iolab, Inc Controlled release bioerodible drug delivery system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2097680A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-10 Smith & Nephew Associated Cie Medicament applicator
EP0251680A2 (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-01-07 Iolab, Inc Controlled release bioerodible drug delivery system

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
STN File Server & File Biosis, AN No. 88:280980, G.D. NOVACK et al.: "Low Dose Clondine on an Ophthalmic Rod is Effective in Reducing Elevated Intraocular Pressure", see the Abstract *
STN File Server & File Biosis, AN No. 88:302237, D. D.-S. TANG-LIU et al.: "Ocular Absorption of Clonidine after Topical Administration as an Opthalmic Solution of Ophthalmic Rods", see the Abstract *
STN File Server & File Biosis, AN No. 90:432560, S.D. ALANI et al.: "The Ophthalmic Rod--a New Drug-Delivery System II", see the Abstract *
STN File Server & File Medline, AN No. 87062235, R. MARQUARDT et al.: "Corneal Contact Time of Artificial Tear Solutions Unterschungen zur Verweildauer von Tranenersatzmitteln", see the Abstract *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6080840A (en) * 1992-01-17 2000-06-27 Slanetz; Alfred E. Soluble T cell receptors
US20120322747A1 (en) * 2008-04-04 2012-12-20 Mimetogen Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. Beta-turn peptidomimetic cyclic compounds for treating dry eye
US8748391B2 (en) * 2008-04-04 2014-06-10 Mimetogen Pharmaceuticals Inc. β-turn peptidomimetic cyclic compounds for treating dry eye

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8917217D0 (en) 1989-09-13
AU6069490A (en) 1991-03-11

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